बुलंद 1 Matrices: Rectangular Array of Numbers

Definition: Rectangular array of numbers.

15 6 ⇠ First row

10 2 ⇠ Second row

13 5 ⇠ Third row

↑ ↑
First Second
Column Column
t.me/voraclasses
बुलंद 2 Algebra of Matrices
बुलंद 3 Scalar Multiplication of Matrices
1.
 The number of matrices of order 3 × 3,
2. whose entries are either 0 or 1 and the Ans: 282
sum of all the entries is a prime
number, is ______

(JEE M 2022)
3. Ans: 414
बुलंद 4 Matrix Multiplication

AB exist if, A = m x n & B = n x p

Find .

(3, 2) (5, 1)

(2, 4)

(1, 5)
Method - 2
बुलंद 5 Properties of Matrix Multiplication

1. In general, AB ≠ BA
2. If A = O or B = O ⇒ AB = O
3. If AB = O ⇏ A = O or B = O
4. If AB = AC ⇏ B = C
5. But if B = C ⇒ AB = AC
6. AB = BA ⇒ A and B commute each other
7. And if AB = - BA then A and B anticommute each other.
8. Multiplication of diagonal matrices of the same order will be
commutative
9. (A . B) . C = A . (B . C)
10. A (B + C) = AB + AC
11. (A + B) C = AC + BC
बुलंद 6 Pattern wale Matrix
4.

(JEE M 2023)
5.

(JEE M 2020)
6.
बुलंद 7 Type of Matrices

Orthogonal Matrix ATA = AAT = I

Idempotent Matrix A2 = A

Involutory Matrix A2 = In

Nilpotent Matrix Ak = O

Periodic Matrix Ak+1 = A

7.

(JEE M 2022)
8.
बुलंद 8 Properties of Transpose

1. (AT)T = A

2. (A + B )T = AT + BT

3. (A - B )T = AT - BT

4. (kA)T = k(AT)

5. (AB)T = BTAT
बुलंद 9 Important Result
 Let M be any 3 x 3 matrix with entries from the set {0, 1, 2}. The maximum number of such
9. matrices, for which the sum of diagonal elements of MTM is seven is
Ans: 540
बुलंद 10 Adjoint of Matrix

adjoint = (cofactor)T
बुलंद 11 Properties of Adjoint

A (adj A) = (adj A) A = |A| In |adj A| = |A|n-1

adj (AB) = (adj B).(adj A)

adj (kA) = kn-1 (adj A), (k 𝞊 R)

adj (adj A) = |A|n-2 A.

 Let A be a 3 x 3 invertible matrix. If ladj (24A)| = |adj (3adj(2A))|, then |A|2
10. is equal to :

A. 66 JEE Main 2022

B. 212
C. 26
D. 1
11. Let A and B be two 3 x 3 matrices such that AB = I and |A| = 1/8 then
|adj(Badj(2A)) | is equal to

A. 16 JEE Main 2022

B. 32
C. 64
D. 128
बुलंद 12 Inverse of a Matrix

Note: A-1 exists if A is non-singular.

बुलंद 13 Shortcut of find inverse of 2 x 2

If A =
बुलंद 14 Inverse of Diagonal Matrix: Shortcut
बुलंद 15 Properties of Inverse

(Ak)-1 = (A-1)k = A-k, k 𝞊 N AA-1 = A-1A = I

(AT)-1 = (A-1)T

(A-1)-1 = A (AB)-1 = B-1 A-1

बुलंद 16 Properties of Determinants

1. |AT| = |A|
2. |I| = 1

3. |kA| = kn |A|, where n is order of A.

4. | AB | = |A| |B|

5. If det(A) = 0, then A is known as singular matrix.

12.
(JEE M 2023)

A. 2√3
B. √6
C. 12
D. 1
बुलंद 17 Cramer’s Rule

a1x + b1y + c1z = d1

a2x + b2y + c2z = d2
a3x + b3y + c3z = d3

a1 b1 c1
D= a2 b2 c2
a3 b3 c3

d1 b1 c1 a1 d1 c1 a1 b1 d1
D1 = d2 b2 c2 D2 = a2 d2 c2 D3 = a2 b2 d2
d3 b3 c3 a3 d3 c3 a3 b3 d3
Cramer’s Rule
बुलंद 18 Cramer’s Rule (For Homogeneous Eqn)

a1x + b1y + c1z = 0 D1 = D2 = D3 = 0

a2x + b2y + c2z = 0
a3x + b3y + c3z = 0
13. The system of equations
kx + y + z = 1
x + ky + z = k
x + y + zk = k2
has no solution, if k is equal to -

A. 0

B. 1

C. -1

D. -2
 x - 2y = 1
14. x - y + kz = -2
ky + 4z = 6, k ∈ R
Consider the following statements:
1. The system has unique solution if k ≠ 2, k ≠ -2
2. The system has unique solution if k = -2
3. The system has unique solution if k = 2
4. The system has no solution if k = 2
5. The system has infinite number of solutions if k ≠ -2
Which of the following statements are correct?

A. 2 & 5 only

B. 3 & 4 only

C. 1 & 4 only

D. 1 & 5 only
 For the system of linear equations
15.
2x + 4y + 2az = b

x + 2y + 3z = 4

2x + 5y + 2z = 8

Which of the following is NOT correct ?

A. It has unique solution if a = b = 6

B. It has infinitely many solutions if a = 3, b = 6

C. It has infinitely many solutions if a =3 , b = 8

D. It has unique solution if a = b = 8

बुलंद 19 Quadratic Equation
बुलंद 20 Relationship between Roots and Coefficients
बुलंद 21 Formation of Quadratic Equation
16.
17.
18.
19.
बुलंद 22 Newton’s Method: Power of Roots
20.
21.
22.
बुलंद 23 Bi-Quadratic
 The sum of the cube of all the roots of the equation
23.
x4 - 3x3 - 2x2 + 3x + 1 = 0 is_.
 The number of real solutions of the equation
24. e4x + 4e3x - 58e2x + 4ex + 1 = 0 is_
बुलंद 24 Condition for Common Roots
25.
बुलंद 25 Theory of Equations
26.
बुलंद 26 Arithmetic Progression
बुलंद 27 Properties of A.P.

1. If each term of an A.P. is increased, decreased, multiplied or divided by the

same non zero number, then the resulting sequence is also an AP.

1. Three numbers in AP can be taken as a-d, a, a+d

Four numbers in AP can be taken as a-3d, a-d, a+d, a+3d
Five numbers in AP can be taken as a-2d, a-d, a, a+d, a+2d
Six terms in AP can be taken as a-5d, a-3d, a-d, a+d, a+3d, a+5d

3. The common difference can be zero, positive or negative

3. The sum of the two terms of an AP equidistant from the beginning and end
is constant and equal to the sum of first and last terms

3. For any series, Tn = Sn - Sn-1. In series if Sn is a quadratic function of n or Tn

is a linear function of n, then the series is an A.P.

3. If a, b, c are in A.P. ⟹ 2b = a+ c
बुलंद 28 Middle Term of any Sequence
27.
28.
 बुलंद 29 Common Terms of 2 A.P.s

Find the number of terms common to the two arithmetic progressions

29. 5,9,13,17,.....,217 and 3,9,15,21,......,321

Ans: 18
बुलंद 30 Geometric Progression
बुलंद 31 Highlights of G.P.

1. If each term of a GP be multiplied or divided by the same non - zero

quantity, the resulting sequence is also a GP.

1. If each term of a G.P. raised the same power then resulting sequence is
also a G.P

1. Any 3 consecutive terms of a GP can be taken as a/r, a, ar

any 4 consecutive terms of a GP can be taken as a/r3, a/r, ar, ar3
& so on

1. If a finite G.P. the product of the terms equidistant from the beginning
and the end are equal a1an = a2an-1 = a3an-2 = ….

1. If a, b, c are in GP → b2 = ac
30. Let a1, a2, a3, … be a G.P. of increasing positive numbers. Let the sum of the
6th and 8th terms be 2 and the product of its 3rd and 5th terms be 1/9. Then
is equal to
JEE M 2023

A. 3

B. 3√3

C. 2

D. 2√2
31.

JEE M 2022
बुलंद 32 Sequence convertible to G.P.

32. Type 1: 9 + 99 + 999 + 9999 + …

33. Type 2: S = (x + y) + (x2 + xy + y2) + (x3 + x2y + xy2 + y3) + … n terms.
34. Type 3: S = 1/2 + 3/4 + 7/8 + 15/16 + …. to n terms.
35. The greatest integer less than or equal to the sum of the first 100
terms of the sequence 1/3, 5/9, 19/27, 65/81, …. is equal to

[JEE M 2022]
बुलंद 33 Means (AM and GM)
 बुलंद 36 Inserting n AM’s between ‘a’ and ‘b’

Insert 20 AM’s between 4 and 67.

36.

JEE M 2022

A. 21
B. 22
C. 23
D. 24
बुलंद 35 Inserting n GM’s between ‘a’ and ‘b’
बुलंद 36 Relationship between AM and GM

If a & b are two positive numbers the A ≥ G ≥ H & A, G, H are in G.P

i.e G2 = AH
37.
If a + b + c = 3 and a, b, c are positive then prove that
बुलंद 37 Statement of Binomial Theorem

(x + y)n = nC0 xn y0 + nC1 xn-1 y1 + nC2 xn-2 y2 + …….. + nCn x0 yn

बुलंद 38 Expansion of (1+x)n & (1-x)n

(x + y)n = nC0 xn y0 + nC1 xn-1 y1 + nC2 xn-2 y2 + …….. + nCn x0 yn

बुलंद 39 4 Important Formulas
38.
39.
40.
JEE M 2023
A. 3654

B. 1827

C. 5481

D. 2436
बुलंद 40 Important Terms

1. General term
2. Middle Term
3. Term independent of x
4. Rational and Irrational Terms
5. Numerically Greatest Term
बुलंद 41 General Term

(x + y)n = nC0 xn y0 + nC1 xn-1 y1 + nC2 xn-2 y2 + …….. + nCn x0 yn

41.

JEE M 2023
बुलंद 42 Term from the end
42.

JEE M 2023
बुलंद 43 Middle Term
बुलंद 44 Binomial Coefficient vs Coefficient vs Term
 बुलंद 45 Term Independent of ‘x’

43.
If the term independent of x in the expansion of

is k, then 18k is equal to

A. 9

B. 11

C. 5

D. 7
 बुलंद 46 Rational & Irrational Terms

44.
A.
41
B.
42
C.
40
D.
43
 बुलंद 47 Numerically Greatest Term (N.G.T)

Consider the expansion for (ax + by)n. If Tr+1 is numerically greatest term, then:
45. Find the greatest term in the expansion of (7 - 5x)11 where x = 2/3.
बुलंद 48 Finding Remainder
बुलंद 49 Sum of Binomial Coefficients
46.
बुलंद 50 Sigma Method
बुलंद 51 Multiplying Binomial Coefficients (#NVStyle)

m+nC = mC nC + mCr-1nC1 + mCr-2nC2 + ………….. + mC0nCr

r r 0
47.
The value of 6C 6C
r 6-r

A. 1124

B. 1324

C. 1024

D. 924
48.

JEE M 2023
बुलंद 52 Binomial for negative index
49. The coefficient of x4 in the expansion of (1+ x + x2 + x3)6 in powers of x, is
बुलंद 53 Complex Numbers
बुलंद 54 Algebra of Complex Numbers

If z1 = 3 + 4i and z2 = 2 - i then find

बुलंद 55 Modulus and It’s Properties
बुलंद 56 Conjugate and its properties
बुलंद 57 Argument of Complex Numbers

#Shortcut Method

𝜋-𝜶 𝜶

𝜶-𝜋 -𝜶
बुलंद 58 Argument - Properties
50.

JEE M 2023
51.

JEE M 2023
52.
JEE Main 2022
बुलंद 59 De moivre’s Theorem (DMT) :

# Statement - 1

# Statement - 2
बुलंद 60 Cube Root of Unity
बुलंद 61 Properties of Cube root of Unity
बुलंद 62 Properties of Cube root of Unity
53.

JEE M 2023
बुलंद 63 nth root of unity :
बुलंद 64 nth root of unity :
(4) If all n roots of nth root of unity are plotted on argand plane, we get a
regular polygon of n sides
54.
A. 4

B. 1

C. -4

D.
-1
 बुलंद 65 Concept of Rotation

Multiplication by -1, i, -i, ⍵ and -⍵

z -z 180° ACW

z iz 90° ACW

z -iz 90° CW

z ⍵z 120° ACW

z -⍵z 120° CW
55.

JEE M 2023
बुलंद 66 Distance Formula
बुलंद 67 Reflection of point in SL :

z1
बुलंद 68 Perpendicular Distance

z1
बुलंद 69 Equation of Circle
56.

JEE M 2023
57.

JEE M 2023
बुलंद 70 Equilateral Triangle

If z1 , z2 , z3 are the vertices of an equilateral triangle then

z21 + z22 + z23 = z1z2 + z2z3 + z3z1

and if z0 is the circumcentre of the triangle then

3z20 = z2l + z22 + z23.
58. Let z1 , z2 be the roots of the equation z2 + az + 12 = 0 and z1, z2 form an
equilateral triangle with origin. Then, the value of | a | is
JEE Main 2021
बुलंद 71 Standard Locus involving Argument
59. If S =
JEE Main 2021
, then :

A. S contains exactly two elements.

B. S contains only one element.

C. S is a circle in the complex plane

D. S is a straight line in the complex plane

बुलंद 72 Standard Locus Involving Modulus
60.

JEE M 2023
Thank You #VCians