Scribd
Upload
11 views

AI - Unit - I - Chapter 1

Ai unit 1

Uploaded by

krkoti100
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

AI - Unit - I - Chapter 1

Ai unit 1

Uploaded by

krkoti100
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Artificial Intelligence

Unit – I

Artificial intelligence is the study of how to make computers do things which, at the
moment people do better.

Much of the early work in AI focused on formal tasks, such as game playing and theorem
proving.

Some of the game playing programs are :


Checkers playing program,
Chess.

Some of the theorem proving programs are :


Logic theorist,
Galernter’s theorem prover.

Another area of AI is common sense reasoning. It includes reasoning about physical


objects and their relationships to each other as well as reasoning about actions and their
consequences.
Eg.. General problem solver (GPS)

As AI research progressed, new tasks were solved such as perception (vision and
speech), natural language understanding and problem solving in domains such as
medical diagnosis and chemical analysis.

Perception :
Perceptual tasks are very difficult because they involve analog signals.

Natural language understanding

The problem of understanding spoken language is a perceptual problem and is hard to


solve. But if we try to simplify the problem by restricting it to written language, then also
it is extremely difficicult. This problem is referred to as natural language understanding.

In addition to these, many people can perform specialized tasks in which expertise is
necessary.
Eg. Engineering design,
Scientific discovery,
Medical diagnosis,
Financial planning.

These expert tasks require knowledge that many of us do not have, they often require
much less knowledge than do the mundane tasks. This knowledge is easier to represent
and deal with inside
programs.

As a result, the problem areas where AI is now flourishing most as a practical discipline
are primarily the domains that require only specialized expertise without the assistance
of commonsense knowledge. There are now thousands of programs called expert
systems in day to day operation throughout all areas of industry and government.

Mundane tasks

· Perception
o Vision
o Speech

· Natural language
o Understanding
o Generation
o Translation
· Commonsense reasoning
· Robot control

Formal tasks

∙ Games
o Chess
o Backgammon
o Checkers
o Go
∙ Mathematics
o Geometry
o Logic
o Integral calculus
o Proving properties of programs
Expert tasks
∙ Engineering
o Design
o Fault finding
o Manufacturing planning
∙ Scientific analysis

∙ Medical diagnosis

∙ Financial analysis

You might also like