Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

New Summit College

Supervisor’s Recommendation

I hereby recommend that this project prepared under my supervision by Sabin Gharti Magar and Sujan Khatri
entitled “Property Pro- Real Estate Management System” in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
degree of Bachelor of Computer Application is recommended for the final evaluation.

SIGNATURE
Supervisor Name
SUPERVISOR
Academic Post
New Summit College
Shantinagar, Kathmandu

i
 Tribhuvan University
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
New Summit College

LETTER OF APPROVAL

This is to certify that this project prepared by SABIN GHARTI MAGAR and SUJAN KHATRI entitled
“Property Pro- Real Estate Management System” in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
bachelor’s in computer application has been evaluated. In our opinion, it is satisfactory in the scope and quality
as a project for the required degree.

SIGNATURE of Supervisor SIGNATURE of HOD/ Coordinator

Name Name
Academic Post Academic Post
New Summit College New Summit College
Shantinagar, Kathmandu Shantinagar, Kathmandu

SIGNATURE of Internal Examiner SIGNATURE of External Examiner

Internal Examiner External Examiner

Name Name

ii
 ABSTRACT

Property Pro is a web-based software specifically developed to facilitate the search for
different rental properties. With the significant increase in demand for house rentals,
numerous companies have ventured into the creation of home rental websites and
applications to cater to this growing need. Property Pro, as an online application, aims to
assist homeowners in effectively renting out their properties while enabling renters to find
suitable homes for their needs. Developing such a website application requires substantial
effort, dedication, extensive research, the creation of Gantt charts, and adherence to the
iterative waterfall methodology. To ensure customer satisfaction and facilitate successful
transactions, it is crucial for home rental websites and applications like Property Pro to
prioritize user experience design and implement robust search and filtering options. These
key features play a vital role in providing users with an intuitive, efficient, and gratifying
platform to meet their rental needs.

Keywords: property pro, web-based software, house rentals, user experience design,
search and filtering options

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We take immense pleasure in presenting the project report on "Property Pro". This report
would not have been possible without the valuable contributions of several individuals.
Firstly, we would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to Tribhuvan University for
granting us the opportunity to present this report within the designated timeframe. Our
institution, New Summit College, deserves special acknowledgment for providing us with
academic support and fostering a supportive environment throughout this endeavor. We
extend our sincere appreciation and respect to our esteemed Principal, Mr. Chok Raj
Dawadi, as well as our faculties and project supervisor, ………., for their unwavering
guidance, advice, and encouragement throughout the preparation of this report.
Furthermore, we would like to express our profound gratitude to our team members for
their exceptional support in completing this project. Lastly, we are immensely grateful to
our families for their constant support and encouragement. We would also like to extend
our thanks to our seniors, whose assistance proved invaluable in the completion of this
paper, as well as our friends, whose inspiration and assistance were instrumental in our
progress. We believe that this project paper fulfills the requirements of the course.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

SUPERVISOR’S RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................ i

LETTER OF APPROVAL ................................................................................................... ii
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT................................................................................................... iv
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ vii
LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ viii
LIST OF ABBREVIATION ................................................................................................ ix
Chapter 1 .............................................................................................................................. 1
Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Problem Statement...................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Objectives ................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 Scope and Limitation .................................................................................................. 2
1.4.1 Scope .................................................................................................................... 2
1.4.2 Limitation ............................................................................................................. 2
1.5 Development Methodology ........................................................................................ 2
1.6 Report Organization .................................................................................................... 3
Chapter 2 .............................................................................................................................. 4
Background Study and Literature Review ........................................................................... 4
2.1 Background Study ...................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Literature Review ....................................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER 3 ........................................................................................................................ 6
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN ................................................................................. 6
3.1 System Analysis.......................................................................................................... 6
3.1.1 Requirements Analysis ................................................................................... 6
3.1.2 Feasibility Analysis .............................................................................................. 8
3.1.3 Data Modeling ................................................................................................... 10
3.1.4 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) ................................................................................ 10
3.1.5. System Flow Diagram ...................................................................................... 12
CHAPTER 4....................................................................................................................... 13
IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING .............................................................................. 13
4.1 Implementation ......................................................................................................... 13

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 4.2 Testing ...................................................................................................................... 14
4.2.2 Test cases for System Testing ................................................................................ 16
CHAPTER 5....................................................................................................................... 19
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RECOMMENDATION ................................................. 19
5.1 Lesson Outcome ....................................................................................................... 19
5.2 Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 19
5.3 Future Recommendation ........................................................................................... 19
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................... 20
APPENDICES.................................................................................................................... 21

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Iterative Waterfall Method .................................................................................. 3

Figure 3.1 ER Diagram ...................................................................................................... 10
Figure 3.2 Level Zero DFD ................................................................................................ 10
Figure 3.3 Level One DFD of Owner................................................................................. 11
Figure 3.4 Level One DFD of Tenant ................................................................................ 11
Figure 3.5 System flow diagram for owner and tenant ...................................................... 12

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 LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1: Gantt Chart ......................................................................................................... 9
Table 4.1: Testing for Unit Testing..................................................................................... 14
Table 4.2:Unit Testing for User.......................................................................................... 15
Table 4.3:Unit Testing for admin ....................................................................................... 16
Table 4.4:Test cases for System Testing ............................................................................ 17

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 LIST OF ABBREVIATION

CSS Cascading Style Sheet

DFD Data Flow Diagram
ER Entity Relationship
HTML Hypertext markup language
JS Java Script
PHP Hyper Text Pre-Preprocessor
MySQL My Structured Query Language
OOP Object-Oriented Programming
SDLC Software Development Life Cycle
UI User Interface
XAMPP X-cross platform Apache MySQL PHP Perl

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 Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Introduction
Property Pro is a web-based software application that aims to simplify the management of
rental properties. This comprehensive solution enables users to effectively oversee tenants,
rooms, and handle maintenance requests within a single platform. The design of Property
Pro takes into consideration the specific needs and challenges faced by the stakeholders in
the rental industry. By automating various processes, our software significantly reduces
time-consuming tasks for both landlords and tenants. Notably, Property Pro offers real-
time tracking of property maintenance, empowering landlords and property managers to
proactively address maintenance requests and ensure prompt repairs. By centralizing all
maintenance-related inquiries, the software simplifies the task prioritization and
assignment process, enhancing overall efficiency in rental management.

1.2 Problem Statement

Finding suitable and affordable housing is a challenge in Nepal due to the high fees charged
by brokers or agents and the lack of trust and transparency in the home renting market [1].
A reliable and user-friendly home renting website application in Nepal could provide a
centralized platform for landlords and tenants to connect and negotiate rental agreements.
Such a platform would improve convenience, efficiency, and promote transparency and
trust in the home renting market because the officer may not be aware of which rooms are
available.

1.3 Objectives
The aim of this project is to develop an interactive and user-friendly website application
named Property Pro that will assist users in finding rental homes easily, efficiently and
conveniently. The fundamental objectives of the project:
• To implement property Pro for buying and renting properties.
• To efficiently search and find rental properties based on their preferences and needs.

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 1.4 Scope and Limitation

1.4.1 Scope
Property Pro is web-based software that has a wide range of potential uses and
applications. Whether you're a landlord with multiple rental properties, a property manager
overseeing a large portfolio, or a real estate agent looking to streamline your operations.
Property Pro is suitable for use in a variety of industries, including residential, commercial,
and industrial real estate. Our customizable reporting tools allow you to track your
performance and identify areas for improvement, regardless of the type of property you
manage and create trouble-free and bug-free website application with daily updates on
the available rental homes.

1.4.2 Limitation
The limitations of the project are:
• Requires an internet connection.
• Has limited features.
• Information posted by the owner may not be valid.
• No methods of payment are available.

1.5 Development Methodology

In this project, we chose the Iterative Waterfall model for software development in this
project because of its structured and sequential approach, which is ideal for projects with
stable requirements and few anticipated changes. This option assures predictable progress,
thorough testing, traceability, and client participation at important milestones, while
emphasizing quality and accountability throughout the project.

2
 Figure 1.1 Iterative Waterfall Method

The Waterfall model is defined by its structured, sequential approach, which excels in clear
project phases, comprehensive documentation, consistent requirements, effective project
tracking, and stringent quality assurance. It is best suited for long-running projects with
well-defined needs. However, it may be less responsive to shifting project dynamics than
Agile, making it more appropriate for projects requiring stability and predictability.

1.6 Report Organization

The report is organization into 5 chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduction
In this section, the brief introduction of our project, statement of problem and its objectives
are discussed.
Chapter 2: Literature Review and System Analysis:
Previous work related to our projects and similar works were studied and different
feasibility analysis is summarized in this section.
Chapter 3: System Design
In this section, we have design use case diagram, activity diagram, dataflow diagram etc.
Chapter 4: Implementation and Testing:
In this section, various implementation methods and tools are discussed and also contains
description of testing.
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Future Enhancement:
In this section, the conclusion to our project and description about what features can be
added in the future has been described

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 Chapter 2
Background Study and
Literature Review
2.1 Background Study
The evolution of rental operations has seen a shift from manual methods to advanced
systems powered by modern technologies, and Property Pro is a software that embodies
this progression. It encompasses inventory management, reservation and booking
administration, customer relationship management (CRM), and reporting and analytics.
Property Pro offers several advantages, including streamlined operations, enhanced
customer experience, accurate inventory management, and access to real-time data and
insights. However, challenges associated with data security and privacy, system
integration, scalability, and customization need to be addressed.

2.2 Literature Review

A literature review provides a comprehensive analysis of previous research and literature
pertaining to a specific topic, in this case, Property Pro. Conducting a literature review
helps identify user requirements and preferences, considerations for design and
functionality, best practices for ensuring security and privacy, and emerging technological
trends. The platform should prioritize ease of use, robust security measures, and effective
search and filtering capabilities.
• Rent.com
Rent.com, a well-known website, offers a wide range of rental properties throughout the
United States. The site provides users with various search and filtering options, such as
location, price range, number of bedrooms, and pet-friendliness. Additionally, Rent.com
offers a mobile application that enables users to search for properties on the go [2].
• 4kotha.com
In Nepal, 4kotha.com is a popular website that facilitates property rentals. It serves as a
platform for homeowners to rent out their properties and for renters to find suitable homes.
The website offers diverse search and filtering options, including location, price range, and
property type. It also provides users with a messaging system for communication with
landlords and an online payment system for rent transactions [3].

4
• Airbnb
The impact of Airbnb, a renowned platform for short-term rentals, has been extensively
studied. Research has examined its effects on tourism, economic implications, regulatory
challenges, customer satisfaction, and social consequences. Airbnb contributes to tourism
growth by expanding accommodation options and attracting different types of travelers. It
can have positive economic effects, generating income for hosts and increasing tourism
spending, but concerns arise regarding displacement of long-term rentals and potential
negative impacts on the traditional hotel sector. Regulatory challenges include safety
regulations, fair competition, and taxation. Customer satisfaction with Airbnb often stems
from affordability and the opportunity to experience local culture, although concerns about
quality and safety standards exist. Social implications encompass community integration,
cultural exchange, commercialization, displacement of residents, and social cohesion.
Further research is needed to explore specific contexts, long-term effects, and appropriate
regulatory frameworks for Airbnb [4].
Based on my research, I extensively explored various websites and found Rent.com and
Airbnb to be user-friendly and well-managed. However, when examining Nepali websites,
some were non-functional and lacked user-friendliness. Consequently, the need for creating
a website like Property Pro arose.

5
 CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND
DESIGN
3.1 System Analysis
3.1.1 Requirements Analysis
The term requirements determination explains the overall things that can be done within
the system in simpler manner. The requirements for the system can be termed as functional
and non- functional requirements.
i. Functional Requirements
The functional requirements of our system include:
• Users can register their account for free.
• Users can log in with their account.
• Users can search for available homes for rent.
• Users can view details of available homes, including rent, location, and amenities.
• Users can contact homeowners for further details or to book a home.
Overall, the functional requirements of the system are designed to improve the quality of
online booking system.

6
 Use Case Diagram:

Figure 3.1:-Use case Diagram

7
ii. Non-Functional Requirements
The nonfunctional requirements include:
• Users can access the website application easily and quickly.
• The website application is visually appealing and user-friendly.
• The website application is secure and protects users' personal information.
Overall, the non-functional requirements of the system are designed to ensure that the
system is reliable, accessible, and user-friendly, while also being scalable and cost-
effective.

3.1.2 Feasibility Analysis

A feasibility study is an assessment of the practicality and viability of a proposed project

or system. It is a comprehensive analysis that evaluates whether the proposed project or
system is technically feasible, financially feasible, and operationally feasible. The goal of
a feasibility study is to identify potential problems, risks, and challenges associated with
the proposed project or system, and to provide recommendations for addressing those
issues.

• Technical Feasibility
"Property Pro" will require the use of modern web development technologies, such as
HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, for the front-end development, and for back-end we are using
PHP and Database management. These technologies are well established and widely used
in the industry. So, this is technically feasible.

• Operationally Feasibility
"Property Pro" provides effective search and filtering options to help renters quickly and
easily find properties that meet their specific requirements. The availability of a robust and
reliable hosting service and 24/7 customer support will also be essential to ensure smooth
operation. So, it is operationally feasible.

• Economic Feasibility
The projects economic cost takes the charge of development and maintenance, as well as
potential revenue streams. ."Property Pro" can generate revenue through subscription fees
and advertising revenue.

8
• Schedule Feasibility

Since this project is a small project and constitutes dependencies. It will follow with
methodology of development of the system. During the development process, small
iterative changes will be made in the system.

Table 3.1: Gantt Chart

9
3.1.3 Data Modeling

ER-Diagram

Figure 3.2 ER Diagram

3.1.4 Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

Context Diagram

Figure 3.3 Context Diagram

10
Level One DFD

Figure 3.4 Level One DFD of User

Level One DFD

Figure 3.5 Level One DFD of Admin

11
3.1.5. System Flow Diagram

System Flow Diagram of User and Admin

Figure 3.1 System flow diagram for user and admin

12
 CHAPTER 4
IMPLEMENTATION AND
TESTING
4.1 Implementation
The Property-Pro works as Web application system. It was implemented using HTML,
CSS and JavaScript including jQuery as a front end, PHP was used as backend
programming and MYSQL was used for the database and the text editor used was Sublime
Text. XAMPP was used as the offline local server. As planned in the designed phase,
WATERFALL model was used as the development methodology.
Html
In our system, Html is used for creating webpages. Version: HTML 5.
CSS
CSS is used for designing the Html pages and to layout the Html documents.
JS
JS is used for designing the Html page

PHP
PHP is used as a programming language for this project. Back end of the system is designed
with PHP. PHP version:7.3.6.
Bootstrap
We have used bootstrap as it is a compiled CSS and JavaScript source code.
Visual Studio Code
To write and modify code Visual Studio was used.
MySQL
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system. It is used to store the
information of admin as well as users.
Server version: 10.3.16-MariaDB.

13
 4.2 Testing
Once source code has been generated, software must be tested to correct as many errors as
possible before delivery to customer. Our goal is to design a series of test cases that have a
high likelihood of finding errors. Following testing techniques are well known and the same
strategy is adopted during this project testing.

4.2.1 Test cases for Unit Testing

Unit testing focuses verification effort on the smallest unit of software design- the software
component or module. The unit test is white-box oriented. The unit testing implemented in
every module of hostel management system, by giving correct manual input to the system,
the data are stored in database and retrieved. If you want required module to access input
or get the output from the End user any error will accrue the time will provide handler to
show what type of error will be accrued.

Table 4.1: Unit Testing for site

S.N. Test CaseID Test Description Steps Executed Expected Result Actual Result Pass /Fail

1 UT-001 Opening URL of Homepage of Homepage of Pass

Property Pro Property Pro Property Pro Property Pro
System System is System should be System was
displayed displayed
Entered in
search bar

2 UT-002 Clicking on Click on User should User were Pass

navigation bar options of navigate through navigated
navigation bar different pages through
of pages different pages

14
3 UT-003 Clicking on Click on A form which can A form that can Pass
Registration Registration register new register new
option of option user/admin should user/admin was
navigation bar be opened opened

4 UT-004 Clicking on Sign Click on Sign A form which can A form which Pass
in in to for login a user, can login a
registered admin, staff user, admin,
people should be opened staff
was opened.

5 UT-005 Clicking on Click on Login A form which can A form which Pass
Login option of option login a user, can login a
navigation bar admin and staff user, admin
should be opened and
Staff was
opened

15
 Table 4.2: Unit Testing for User

S.N. TestCaseID Test Description Steps Executed Expected Result Actual Result Pass / Fail

1 UT-301 Entering Click on Message saying Message Pass

incorrect e- mail invalid user or saying Invalid
Login and Enter
or password should login
Incorrect email
password be
and/or details were
displayed
passwords displayed

2 UT-302 Clicking on Click o n User should be User was Pass

Home Option able to see home able to see
Options of Home
page Home page

3 UT-303 Click on search Click Details of the Details of the Pass

On search property should property was
be displayed displayed

4 UT-304 Click on view Click On view Details of the Details of the Pass
property
property property should property was
be displayed displayed

5 UT- 305 Clicking on Click on Details of all the Details of all Pass
Schedule Session Schedule Session should be the session
option Session Option displayed was displayed

6 UT- 306 Clicking on Click on User should be User was Pass

Logout Logout button logged out logged out

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 Table 4.3: Unit Testing for Admin

S.N. TestCaseID Test Description Steps Executed Expected Result Actual Result Pass / Fail

1 UT-301 Entering Click on Message saying Message Pass

incorrect e- mail invalid user or saying Invalid
Login and Enter
or password should login
Incorrect email
password be
and/or details were
displayed
passwords displayed

2 UT-302 Clicking on Click o n admin should be admin was Pass

Home Option able to see home able to see
Options of Home
page Home page

3 UT-303 Click on search Click Details of the Details of the Pass

On search property should property was
be displayed displayed

4 UT-304 Click on view Click On view Details of the Details of the Pass
property
property property should property was
be displayed displayed

5 UT- 305 Clicking on Click on Details of all the Details of all Pass
Schedule Session Schedule Session should be the session
option Session Option displayed was displayed

6 UT- 306 Clicking on Click on User should be User was Pass

Logout Logout button logged out logged out

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 4.2.2 Test cases for System Testing
System testing is actually a series of different tests whose primary purpose is to fully
exercise the computer-based system. Below we have described the two types of testing
which have been taken for this project. It is to check all modules worked on input basis. if
you want change any values or inputs will change all information.

Table 4.4: Test cases for System Testing

SN TestCaseid Test Case Test Case Step Executed Expected Actual Test
Result
Name Description Result Case
status
Pass/

Fail

1. TC 101 Security Checking Login with Successful Successful Pass

Testing Security to your registered Login and Login and
access username and directed to directed to
system password dashboard. dashboard.

2. TC 102 Security Checking Try Login with An error An error Pass

Testing Security to unauthorized message message
access username and “Invalid User “Invalid
system password or Password...” User or
must be Password...
” displayed.
displayed.

4. TC 104 Usability Update Change in Details updated Details Pass

Testing details details updated

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5. TC 105 Usability User User viewing User viewing owner Pass
Testing viewing their booking their booking Viewing
their details details their
booking booking
details details

6. TC 106 Usability User changing User User changing User Pass

Testing their user changing their user detail. changing
detail. their their user
u detail.
ser detail.

7. TC 107 Load Testing Load of For demo System System Pass

Testing system test we have performs well performs
added well
property

8. TC 108 Regression Testing new Development Bugs found Bugs found Pass
Testing bug during the and changes and solved and solved
development on code.
and
Changes.

09. TC Migration Migrating Migrating System runs System Pass

testing Project to Project to another PC runs
successfully
109
another PC successfull
y

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 CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE
RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Lesson Outcome
Property Pro development journey provided valuable skills and experiences, enhancing
knowledge through teamwork, research, and collaboration. The object-oriented
programming (OOP)-based project was challenging and entertaining, pushing individuals
to enhance their abilities. The software development life cycle (SDLC) exposed new ideas
and concepts that could be applied to other projects. Conducting a literature review
helped analyze existing rental management systems, identify shortcomings, and propose
solutions. This process sharpened problem-solving skills and instilled the drive to find
innovative solutions to real-life issues.
The SDLC journey involved identifying and resolving problems, conducting thorough
research, working collaboratively, and sharing knowledge and skills.

5.2 Conclusion
In conclusion, Property Pro, a home renting website application, has the potential to
revolutionize the rental industry by providing a convenient and accessible platform for both
landlords and tenants. With its user- friendly interface and a wide range of features, it has
made the process of finding and renting a home more efficient and streamlined. However,
there are certain legal, social, and ethical issues that need to be considered to ensure the
smooth functioning of the platform.

5.3 Future Recommendation

The future recommendations for Property Pro include integrating developing mobile
applications for convenience, enhancing online payment security, improving data analytics
and reporting capabilities, strengthening integration with external systems, ensuring
scalability and flexibility, providing continuous user training and support, incorporating
customer feedback and ratings, and integrating with online marketplaces. These
enhancements aim to make Property Pro more advanced, efficient, user-friendly, and
capable of meeting the evolving needs of rental businesses and customers.

20
REFERENCES

[1] B. R. U. B. Yamuna Ghale, "Taylor and Francis Online," Taylor and Francis Online ,
17 jan 2017. [Online]. Available:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14702541.2017.1279680. [Accessed
june 2023].

[2] rent.com, "Rent.," Rent., 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.rent.com/. [Accessed

june 2023].

[3] च. कोठा, "4khota," चार कोठा, [Online]. Available: http://www.4kotha.com/.

[Accessed june 2023].

[4] I. Airbnb, "Airbnb," Airbnb, Inc, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.airbnb.com/.

[Accessed june 2023].

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APPENDICES
APPENDICES A: SCREENSHOTS

Fig 1:-Home page

Fig 2:-Listed Property

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Fig 3:-Register

Fig 4:-Log in

23
Fig 5:-Profile

Fig 6:-Listed Property

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Fig 7:-Feedback Form

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