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Assignment of Operating System Lab

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Alijan Jan
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Assignment of Operating System Lab

Uploaded by

Alijan Jan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT OF OPERATING SYSTEM LAB

Submitted by: ALI JAN


Submitted to: Mr.Basit
CLASS: BS IT EVENING SESSION (B)
GHAZI UNIVERSITY DERA, GHAZI KHAN
LINUX DISTRIBUTION
A Linux distribution (often abbreviated as "Linux distro") is a
version of the Linux operating system that includes the Linux
kernel, a selection of software applications, and often a package
management system. Linux distributions are typically designed
to be user-friendly and ready to use, offering a complete
operating system with various utilities and applications.

Here's a more detailed explanation of the components and


features of a Linux distribution:

Components of a Linux Distribution

1. Linux Kernel:
o The core part of the operating system, responsible for

managing hardware, system resources, and


communication between hardware and software.
2. GNU Utilities and Libraries:
o Essential tools and libraries that provide basic

functionalities such as file manipulation, system


management, and programming interfaces.
3. Package Management System:
o A system that automates the installation, upgrading,

configuration, and removal of software packages.


Examples include APT for Debian-based distributions
and YUM or DNF for Red Hat-based distributions.
4. Desktop Environment:
o The graphical user interface (GUI) that includes a

window manager, panels, menus, and applications.


Popular desktop environments include GNOME, KDE
Plasma, and XFCE.
5. Applications:
o A variety of software applications for different tasks

such as web browsers, office suites, media players,


and development tools.
6. Installer:
o A program that simplifies the installation process,

guiding the user through setting up the operating


system on their computer.

Popular Linux Distributions

1. Ubuntu:
o Based on Debian, known for its user-friendliness and

large community support. It is popular for desktop,


server, and cloud computing.
2. Debian:
o Known for its stability and extensive software

repository. It serves as the foundation for many other


distributions, including Ubuntu.
3. Fedora:
o Sponsored by Red Hat, focuses on incorporating the

latest technologies and features. It is often used by


developers and for testing new software.
4. CentOS:
o A free, community-supported version of Red Hat

Enterprise Linux (RHEL), commonly used for servers


due to its stability and long-term support.
5. Arch Linux:
o Known for its simplicity and flexibility, it provides a

minimal base system and allows users to customize it


as they see fit. It uses a rolling release model.
6. Mint:
o Based on Ubuntu, it focuses on providing a

comfortable and user-friendly desktop experience. It is


particularly popular among new Linux users.

Characteristics and Usage

 Customization:
o Users can choose from various desktop environments,

window managers, and software packages to tailor the


operating system to their needs.
 Open Source:
o Most Linux distributions are open-source, allowing

users to view, modify, and distribute the source code.


 Security and Stability:
o Linux distributions are known for their security

features, stability, and robustness, making them


popular choices for servers and critical applications.
 Community and Support:
o Strong community support with forums,

documentation, and contributions from users


worldwide. Professional support is also available for
enterprise distributions like RHEL and SUSE.
 Free and Paid Versions:
o While most distributions are free, some offer paid

versions with additional features, professional support,


and enterprise-grade tools.

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