Flight Computer

Manual

ASE Flight Computer 1

INDEX

1 in 60 rule calculation .......................................................................... 26

Addition or subtraction of drift to given heading ................................. 34
Altitude calculations.............................................................................. 23
Before using your computer ................................................................... 4
Calculate fuel consumption .................................................................. 18
Calculate TAS (up to 300 kts) ................................................................ 22
Calculate the fuel required ................................................................... 17
Calculation of air speed......................................................................... 21
Calculation of density altitude .............................................................. 25
Calculation of the Speed of Sound ........................................................ 29
Calculation of true altitude ................................................................... 23
Conversion of distances in speeds ........................................................ 14
Conversions between imperial gallons, US gallons & liters .................. 16
Conversions between nautical miles, statute miles and kilometers ..... 14
Discover distance off track from a co‐located VOR/DME ..................... 28
Discover the heading error ................................................................... 26
Distance travelled in a known time at a given speed............................ 12
Division to divide A by B ........................................................................ 10
Find heading and ground speed ............................................................ 32
Find track and groundspeed ................................................................. 36
Find wind and volocity .......................................................................... 35
International Standard Atmosphere ..................................................... 23
Introduction ............................................................................................ 4
Multiplication & division ......................................................................... 9

ASE Flight Computer 2

Multiplication to multiply A by B ............................................................ 9
Speed Conversions between ................................................................. 15
The wind triangle computer.................................................................. 30
Time to find the time to cover a distance at a speed ........................... 11
Time, distance and speed ..................................................................... 11
To set the wind and velocity ................................................................. 30
Use of mach numberindex .................................................................... 29

ASE Flight Computer 3

Introduction
Congratulations with your ASE Flight Computer. This computer
is designed for durability, easy use and precise calculations
during training, preparation and flight.

This particular model of Flight Computer have been designed

for General Aviation use but, in particular, as an inexpensive
but accurate computer for the student pilot.

Before using your computer

Please be aware that all calculations have to be considered
correct or not before you use it in real flight. The results you
get from your calculations are based upon your input and the
correct use of the computer.

The many different calculations you can make with the

computer has a build in risk for using the calculator wrong.
Please make sure you are familiar with the correct use and
consult the manual or your flight instructor if needed.

Our computers are made of the best materials available and

guaranteed to withstand temperatures up to 60°C. They are
stable, non-inflammable and resistant to mold and moisture.
Every care is taken in manufacture to ensure that the resulting
products a high precision instrument both in accuracy and
durability.

To maintain clarity and assure maximum life, do not allow

chemicals and particularly solvents comes in contact with the
computer. The computer should not be exposed to extreme of
temperature and should be protected from prolonged exposure
to sunlight. It is better to mark the computer, when this is

ASE Flight Computer 4

necessary, with a pencil as this easily can be erased with a soft
rubber. Wiping off tusch and speedmarker marks eventually
destroys the clarity of the window. On the Wind Calculation
Side of the computer the marking with a pencil can be replaced
by marking the a spot on a small piece of clear adhesive tape
with a speedmarker, and then move the spot to the place to be
marked.

Your computer is guaranteed against defective materials and

workmanship and will be replaced free of charge should such
faults occur. We trust that your ASE Computer will give you
satisfactory service.

Good luck with your calculation and your aviation activities.

The two sides

The Flight Computer consist of two sides. The calculations side
and the wind calculations side. It is important that you get
familiar with the functions of the two sides and the different
windows and their function. See next page.

ASE Flight Computer 5

The Calculations Side of the Flight Computer

ASE Flight Computer 6

The Wind Triangle Side of the Flight Computer.
The Wind Triangle side of the Flight Computer

ASE Flight Computer 7

The Altitude Window

The Airspeed Window

ASE Flight Computer 8

Multiplication & division
MULTIPLICATION to multiply A by B
Set 1 (shown as 10) on the inner scale against A on the outer
scale. Opposite B on the inner scale, read off the answer on the
outer scale.

For example: Multiply 3.5 by 1.8

Set 1 (shown as 10) on

the inner scale against 3.5
on the outer scale.

Opposite 1.8 on the inner

scale, read off the answer
6.3 on the outer scale.

ASE Flight Computer 9

DIVISION to divide A by B
Set B on the inner scale against A on the outer scale. Opposite
1(10) on the inner scale, read off the answer on the outer
scale.

For example: Divide 6.3 by 3.5

Set 3.5 on the inner scale

against 6.3 on the outer.

Opposite 1 on the inner

scale, read off the answer
1.8 on the outer.

ASE Flight Computer 10

Time, distance and speed
TIME to find the time to cover a distance
at a speed
Set the index mark on the inner scale against speed ON the
outer. Opposite distance on the outer scale, read off the time
on the inner scale.

For example: Find the time taken to fly 225 nautical miles
at 90 knots.

Set the index mark on the

inner scale against the
speed 90, on the outer.

Opposite 225 on the outer

scale read off the answer
150 minutes or 2 hours 30
minutes on the inner.

Note that the time ring

converts minutes to hours.

ASE Flight Computer 11

DISTANCE to find distance travelled in a
known time at a given speed
Set the index mark on the inner scale against the speed on the
outer. Opposite the time on the inner scale, read of the
distance on the outer scale.

For example: Find the distance travelled in 29 minutes at

87 knots.

Set the index mark on the

inner sale against the speed,
87, on the outer.

Against 29 minutes on the

inner scale, read of the
answer, 42 Nautical miles, on
the outer scale.

ASE Flight Computer 12

SPEED to find the speed from a known
distance over a known time
Set the time on the inner against the distance ON the outer.
Read of the speed on the outer against the index mark on the
inner.

For example: Find the speed in 23 nautical miles are

covered in 10 minutes.

Set 10 minutes on the inner

scale against 23 nautical
miles on the outer.

Read of the speed, 138 knots,

against the index mark.

ASE Flight Computer 13

Conversions of distances in
speed
Use the indices which are printed in red on the outer scale.

CONVERSIONS between nautical miles,

statute miles and kilometers
Set the known quantity on the inner scale against its index on
the outer scale. Against the other indices on the outer, read of
the answer on the inner scale.

For example: Convert 66 nautical miles to statue miles and

kilometers.

Set 66 on the inner against the

NAUT index on the outer scale.

Opposite the STAT index on the

outer read of 76 statue miles on
the inner.

Similarly, opposite the KM-M-

LTR index on the outer, read of
122 kilometers on the inner
scale.

ASE Flight Computer 14

SPEED CONVERSIONS between
knots, mph& kph
Use the same method as shown on page 14.

For example: Convert 161 kph into both knots and mph.

Set 161 on the inner against the

KM index on the outer.

Against the NAUT index on the

outer, read off 87 knots on the
inner scale.

Against the STAT index on the

outer, read of 100 mph on the
inner.

ASE Flight Computer 15

Fuel calculations
CONVERSIONS between imperial gallons,
US gallons and liters
Proceed as in 6, using the KM-M-LTR index and the US. GALL
and IMP. GALL indices.

For example: Convert 110 imperial gallons to US gallons

and liter.

Set 110 on the inner against the

IMP GALL index on the outer.

Against the US GALL index on

the outer, read off 132 on the
inner.

Against the LTR index on the

outer, read off 500 on the inner
scale.

ASE Flight Computer 16

Calculate the fuel required
Set the index mark on the inner scale against the fuel
consumption per hour on the outer scale. Against the time on
the inner scale, read off the fuel required on the outer scale.

For example: At a consumption of 12 gallons per hour.

How much fuel is required for 80 minutes?

Set the index mark on the inner scale against 12 on the outer
scale. Against 80, or 1 hour 20, read off 16 gallons on the outer
scale.

For example: At a consumption of 22 KGS per hours.

How much fuel is required for 110 minutes (1:50).

Set the index mark on the inner scale against 22 on the outer
scale. Against 1:50 read of 40,5 KGS on the outer scale.

ASE Flight Computer 17

Calculate fuel consumption
Set the time on the inner scale against the fuel used on the
outer scale. Against the index mark. On the inner scale, read
off the fuel consumption on the outer scale.

For example: lf 52 gallons are used in 130 minutes.

What is the fuel consumption?

Set 130 on the inner scale

against 52 on the outer.

Against the index mark on

the inner scale read of the
consumption of 24 gallons
per hour on the outer.

ASE Flight Computer 18

 For example: lf 45 liters are used in 70 minutes.

What is the fuel consumption?

Set 70 on the inner scale

against 45 on the outer
scale.

Against the index mark on

the inner scale read of
38,5 on the outer scale.

ASE Flight Computer 19

To calculate endurance
Set the index mark on the inner scale against the consumption
on the outer. Opposite the fuel quantity on the outer, read off
the endurance on the inner.

For example: lf the fuel consumption is 22 kg per hour.

How long will 55 kg fuel last?

Set the index mark on the

inner scale against 22 on
the outer.

Against 55 on the outer,

read off 150 minutes on
the inner.

The above mentioned example can also be done with other

units as Gallons per hour or Liter per hour.

ASE Flight Computer 20

Calculations of air speed
The speed indicated on the Air Speed Indicator is Indicated Air
Speed (IAS). When this is corrected for position and instrument
error, the result is Rectified Air Speed (RAS). Variation from the
International Standard Atmosphere can be compensated for on
the computer thus converting RAS to True Air Speed (TAS).

Given the pressure altitude and the outside air temperature,

the conversion from RAS to TAS can be made. Pressure altitude
is indicated on the altimeter when the sub-scale is set to
1013.2 HPa.

The temperature indicated on the outside air thermometer will

always be higher than the correct air temperature due to kinetic
heating. This rise is a function of speed and the table below
gives the value of the rise for various speeds. This value should
be subtracted from the indicated outside temperature to give
the correct air temperature.

TAS
100 140 175 200 225 245 265 280 300
(KTS)

Temp.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
rise °C

Note: That the calculation described in 16 is only valid for

a TAS up to 300 kts, though generally the TAS is
higher than the RAS, at low temperatures and low
levels the TAS can be less than the RAS.

ASE Flight Computer 21

Calculate TAS (up to 300 kts)
Using the AIR SPEED window, set the temperature against the
pressure altitude. Opposite the RAS ON the inner scale, read off
the TAS ON the outer.

For example: RAS is 150 Kts. Pressure altitude is 18,000 ft.

Corrected temperature is -30° C.

What is the TAS?

Using the AIR SPEED

window, set -30° C
opposite pressure alt 18
(18,000).

Opposite the RAS 150

on the inner scale, read
off the TAS, 195, on the
outer.

ASE Flight Computer 22

Altitude calculations
The altimeter measures:

HEIGHT when the sub-scale is set to QFE.

ALTITUDE when the sub-scale is set to QNH and
PRESSURE ALTITUDE when the sub-scale is set to 1013.2 HPa.
PRESSURE ALTITUDE divided by 100 is FLIGHT LEVEL.

Indications of height and altitude are subject to temperature

error when the temperature varies from that defined in the
International Standard Atmosphere (ISA). Pressure Altitude,
which is not subject to temperature error, is used on the
computer as the basis for calculation.

The International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)

Air temperature of 15° Celsius by Mean Sea Level (MSL) and an air
pressure of 1013.2 HPa

Calculation of true altitude

Using the Altitude window, set the corrected temperature
against the pressure altitude. Opposite the indicated altitude on
the inner scale, read off the true altitude on the outer.

For example: The indicated altitude is 17,400 feet. The

pressure altitude is 18,000 feet. The corrected temperature
is -5°C.

What is the true altitude?

ASE Flight Computer 23

 Using the Altitude window,
set the temperature, -5°C,
against the pressure
altitude 18 (18,000).

Opposite the indicated

17,400 on the inner scale,
read off the true altitude,
18,500 ft.

ASE Flight Computer 24

Calculation of density altitude
As aircraft performance figures are quoted in relation to the
International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), it may be necessary
to convert a pressure altitude to a density altitude. This can be
done by using the Air Speed window. Set the temperature
against the pressure altitude. The density altitude can be read
off in the Density Altitude window.

For example: Given a pressure altitude of 18,000 ft and a

corrected air temperature of -5° C.

What is the density altitude?

Using the Air Speed

window, set -5° C
against the pressure
altitude 18 (18,000).

Read off the density

altitude of 20,000 ft in
the density altitude
window.

ASE Flight Computer 25

1 in 60 rule calculation
Discover the heading error
Set the distance flown on the inner scale against the distance
off track on the outer. Read off the heading error against the
index mark on the inner.

This will give the heading correction to avoid any further error.
Set the distance remaining to be flown on the inner scale
against the distance off track on the outer.

Read off the correction on the outer against the index mark on
the inner.

Adding the two corrections will give the total correction to

arrive at the destination.

For example: After flying 36 miles of a flight of 81 miles,

the aircraft is 3 miles to the right of track.

What total correction to heading must be made to arrive at

the destination?

Set 36, distance flown, ON

the inner scale against 3,
distance off track ON the
outer.

ASE Flight Computer 26

 Read off the first correction
on the outer against the
index mark on the inner.
This is 5°.

Now set the distance to fly,

45 miles, against the
distance off track, 3, on the
outer.

Read off 4 on the outer scale

against the index mark on
the inner scale.

Add the two corrections, 5°

and 4°, together to give a
total of 9°. Alter heading to
9° to the left.

ASE Flight Computer 27

Discover distance off track from a co-
located VOR/DME
The difference between the actual radial and the desired radial
is the radial error. Set the index mark on the inner scale
against the radial error on the outer. Opposite the DME distance
on the inner scale, read off the distance off track on the outer.

For example: The actual radial is 248 and the desired radial
is 241. The DME range is 43 miles.

How far is the aircraft off track?

Set the index mark on the

inner scale against the
radial error 7 on the outer
scale.

Opposite the DME range of

43 on the inner scale, read
off the distance off track 5
on the outer scale.

ASE Flight Computer 28

Calculations of
the speed of sound
True speed of sound is solely a function of temperature and is
refered to as MACH 1.0.

Use of Mach number index

The Mach No. Index can be found in the Air Speed window by
setting the index mark on the inner scale against 40 on the
outer. Using the Air Speed window, set the Mach No. Index
against the corrected temperature. Opposite the 1(10} ON the
inner scale, read off the speed of sound ON the outer.

For example: What is the speed of sound at a corrected air

temperature of -35°C?

Set the Mach No. Index against -35° C in the Air Speed
window.

Opposite the 1 on the inner, read off the speed 600 knots on
the outer scale. Having set the scales, conversions of TAS to
Mach Number can be made.

For example: With the scales set as in the above example,

convert 330 knots to a Mach No against 330 on the outer,
read off Mach 0.55. conversely Mach 0.8 gives a TAS of 480
knots.

ASE Flight Computer 29

The Wind Triangle computer
(see page 7)

Throughout the following paragraphs, reference will be made to

the rotating scale, which is the one on the rotating window and
to the index mark on the fixed part of the computer. This is the
black arrowhead under True Heading.

The slide is two sided, one gives a low and the other a high
speed range. These are marked L and H at the top right band
comers. The slide should be inserted with the appropriate speed
range showing through the window. The following examples are
only based on the low speed range.

To set the wind and velocity

Set the wind direction on the rotating scale against the index
mark. By moving the slide, set the center dot over one of the
thicker speed arcs. Since the speed arcs are equal distant, it
does not matter which arc. Use a soft pencil to mark a cross on
the centerline at a distance representing the wind speed. You
can also mark the point with a pen on a piece of removable
clear tape. The mark should either be up or down from the
center dot depending on the problem to be solved.

For example: Set a wind velocity of 230/35.

Set 230 on the rotating scale against the index mark.

Set the center dot over a speed arc -use the 70. Mark a cross
on the centerline over the 105 arc. This would be wind mark
UP.

ASE Flight Computer 30

If wind mark down were required, place the cross over the 35
speed arc. In the example problems which follow, it will be
clearly stated whether the wind mark goes UP or DOWN.

ASE Flight Computer 31

Find heading and ground speed
Set the wind velocity with the wind mark up. Set Track on the
rotating scale against the index mark. Set TAS under the wind
mark. Read of Ground Speed under the center dot. Read off
which drift line the wind mark is over and to which side of the
centerline it is. If the wind mark is to the left of the centerline,
subtract the value of the drift line from the track to give the
Heading, if to the right add it to give the Heading.

For example: W/V = 230/20, Track = 020, TAS = 90.

What is the Heading and Ground Speed?

Set the wind, 230/20

with the wind mark UP.

ASE Flight Computer 32

 Set track, 020 against the
index mark.

Set TAS, 90, under the

wind mark.

Read off the ground speed

which is 76 under the
center dot.

Note: The wind mark is on the 10 drift line to the left of the
centerline. Subtract this from the Track 020, gives Heading of
010.

ASE Flight Computer 33

Addition or subtraction of drift to given
heading
To either side of the index mark on the fixed part, degrees are
marked from 0 to 50 and can be used to convert the Track to
Heading.

Note: The value of the drift line covered by the wind mark and
look for this value on the fixed part of the same side of the
center line as the wind mark lies. Read off the Heading on the
rotating scale.

For example: Set Track 085 against the index mark.

Assume wind mark is one

the 15 drift line to the left
of the center mark.

Opposite 15 on the fixed part and to the left of the index mark.
Read of the Heading 070.

ASE Flight Computer 34

Find wind and volocity
Set the Track against the index mark. Set Ground Speed under
center dot. Determine whether Heading is to left or right of
Track and by how much. If left of Track, wind mark lies to the
centerline on the appropriate drift line.

If Heading is to the right of Track, the wind mark will be on a

drift line to the right of the centerline. Place wind mark over the
selected drift line where the speed arc to the value of the TAS
intersects it.

Rotate the window to place the wind mark on the center line UP
from the center dot. Read off the wind direction against the
index mark and the Wind Speed is the difference between the
center dot and the wind mark.

For example: Track = 040, Heading = 030,

Ground Speed = 74 and TAS = 90.

Find the wind/velocity

Set Track 040 against the index mark. Set the Ground Speed,
74 under the center dot. Heading is 030 which is 10° to the left
of Track. Wind mark is on the 10° drift line to the left of the
centerline. Since the TAS is 90, place the wind mark where the
90 speed arc intersects the 10°drift line to the left of the center
line. Rotate the window to place the wind mark above the
center dot and on the centerline. Read off the wind direction
350 against the index mark. Read off the Wind Speed which is
96 -74, 22 knots.

ASE Flight Computer 35

Find track and groundspeed
Set the wind but with the wind mark DOWN from the center
dot. Set heading against the index mark. Set the TAS under the
center dot. Read off Ground Speed under the wind mark. Read
off the drift to give the resulting Track. If the drift is to the right
of the centerline, add the resulting drift to the Heading; if to
the left subtract it.

For example: W/V = 300/20, Heading = 270, TAS = 90.

Set W/V with the wind mark DOWN 300/20.

Set Heading 270 against the index mark.

Set TAS 90 under the center dot.

Read off Ground Speed under the wind mark, 72 knots.

Drift is 8° left so the resulting Track is 262.

ASE Flight Computer 36

Temperature conversion
At the bottom of the fixed outer scale, there is a conversion
scale for temperatures between centigrade and Fahrenheit.

The scale can be used for calculations from Fahrenheit to

Celsius and opposite.

ASE Flight Computer 37

Aviation Supplies Europe
Lufthavnsvej 28
DK-4000 Roskilde
www.aviation-supplies-europe.com
© Aviation Supplies Europe (ASE)
Printed in Denmark

ASE Flight Computer 38