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India Size and Location Full Chapter Explanation

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India Size and Location Full Chapter Explanation

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Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

India Size and Location

● One of the ancient civilisation in the world.

● Achieved multifaceted socio economic progress during the last five decades.

● Contributed significantly to the making of world history.

Significance of the chapter


Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

What we are going to study in this chapter?

● Location

● Size

● India and the World

● India’s Neighbour
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

India: Location

India

● India is a vast country.

● Lying entirely in the Northern Hemisphere.

● The main land extends between


■ Latitudes - 8o4’N and 37o6’N
■ Longitudes - 68o7’E and 97o25’E

● The Tropic of Cancer (23o30’N) divides the


country into almost two equal parts.
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

India

● To the Southeast and Southwest of the


mainland, lie the Andaman Nicobar
Islands and the Lakshadweep Islands in
Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea
respectively.
● The Southernmost point of the Indian
Union - Indira Point got submerged under
the sea water in 2004 during the Tsunami.
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

India: Size

● The land mass of India has an area of 3.28 million


square km.

● India’s total area accounts for about 2.4 per cent


of the total geographical area of the world.

● India is the seventh largest country of the world.

● India has a land boundary of about 15,200 km.


The total length of the coastline of the mainland
including Andaman and Nicobar and lakshadweep
is 7,516.6 km.
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

India, Geography and Location

● India is bounded by the young fold mountains in


the Northwest, North and Northeast.

● South of about 22o North latitude, it begins to


taper and extends towards the Indian Ocean,
dividing it into two seas, the Arabian Sea on the
West and the Bay of Bengal on its East.
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

India: Longitude and Latitude and their Significance

● The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of the mainland is about 30 o.

● Despite this fact, the East - West extent appears to be smaller than the North - South extent.

Explain

Longitudinal Extent : Influences the sunrise and sunset from East to West.

Latitudinal Extent : Influence the duration of day and night, as one moves from South to North.
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

Longitudinal extent

From Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh, there is a time lag of two hours.

Implications

Hence, time along the Standard Meridian of India (82o30’E)


passing through Mirzapur (in Uttar Pradesh) is taken as the
standard time for the whole country.
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

Why 820 30’E has been selected as the Standard Meridian of India?
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

Why is the difference between the duration of day and night


hardly felt at Kanyakumari but not so in Kashmir?
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

India and the World

● The Indian landmass has central location between the East and the West Asia.
● Southward extension of the Asian continent.

Strategic central location in India

● The trans Indian Ocean routes, which connect the countries of Europe in the West and the
countries of East Asia.
● The Deccan Peninsula protrudes into the Indian ocean, thus helping India to establish close
contact with West Asia, Africa and Europe from the Western Coast and with Southeast and
East Asia from the Eastern Coast.
● No other country has a long coastline on the Indian Ocean as India has.

∴ It is India’s eminent position in the Indian Ocean, which


justify the naming of an Ocean after it.
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

India’s contact with the world

● India’s relationship with world through the land routes are much older
than her maritime contacts.

● The various passes across the mountains in the North have provided
passages to the ancient travellers, while the oceans restricted such
interaction for a long time.

● These routes have contributed in the exchange of ideas and commodities


since ancient times.

How?
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

The exchange of ideas and commodities through these routes

● The ideas of the Upanishads and the Ramayana, the stories of Panchatantra, the Indian
numerals and the decimal system thus could reach many parts of the world.
● The spices, muslin and other merchandise were taken from India to different countries.
● On the other hand, the influence of Greek sculpture and the architectural styles of dome
and minarets from West Aisa can be seen in different parts of our country.
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

Suez Canal

Since the opening of the Suez Canal in


1869, India’s distance rom Europe has
been reduced by 7,000 km.
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

India’s Neighbours

India and South Asia

● India occupies an important strategic position in


South Asia. India has 28 states and Eight union
Territories.

● India shares its land boundaries with Pakistan and


Afghanistan in the Northwest, China (Tibet), Nepal
and Bhutan in the North and Myanmar and
Bangladesh in the East.

● Our southern neighbours across the sea consist of


the two countries, namely Sri Lanka and Maldives.
Class 9th - Geography - India: Size and Location - Full Chapter Explanation

● Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow


channel of sea formed by the Palk Strait and the
Gulf of Mannar, while maldives Islands are situated
to the South of the Lakshadweep Islands.

● India has had strong geographical and historical


links with her neighbours.

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