Technical Guidelines for the

Development of Small Hydropower Plants

UNITS

Part 2: Hydro Turbine

Generator

SHP/TG 003-2: 2019

DISCLAIMER
This document has been produced without formal United Nations editing. The designations and the presentation of the material in this
document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development
Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation
of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system or degree of development. Designations such as “developed”, “industrialized” and
“developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular
country or area in the development process. Mention of company names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement by
UNIDO. Although great care has been taken to maintain the accuracy of information herein, neither UNIDO nor its Member States assume
any responsibility for consequences which may arise from the use of the material. This document may be freely quoted or reprinted but
acknowledgement is requested.

© 2019 UNIDO / INSHP- All rights reserved

Technical Guidelines for the
Development of Small Hydropower Plants
UNITS

Part 2: Hydro Turbine

Generator

SHP/TG 003-2: 2019

Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants – Units

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The technical guidelines (TGs) are the result of a collaborative effort between the United Nations Industrial Development
Organization (UNIDO) and the International Network on Small Hydro Power (INSHP). About 80 international experts and 40
international agencies were involved in the document’s preparation and peer review, and they provided concrete comments
and suggestions to make the TGs professional and applicable.

UNIDO and the INSHP highly appreciate the contributions provided during the development of these guidelines and in particular
those delivered by the following international organizations:

- The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa(COMESA)

- The Global Network of Regional Sustainable Energy Centres (GN-SEC), particularly the ECOWAS Centre for Renewable Energy
and Energy Efficiency (ECREEE), the East African Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (EACREEE), the Pacific
Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (PCREEE) and the Caribbean Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy
Efficiency (CCREEE).

The Chinese government has facilitated the finalization of these guidelines and was of great importance to its completion.

The development of these guidelines benefited greatly from the valuable inputs, review and constructive comments as well
as contributions received from Mr. Adnan Ahmed Shawky Atwa, Mr. Adoyi John Ochigbo, Mr. Arun Kumar, Mr. Atul Sarthak,
Mr. Bassey Edet Nkposong, Mr. Bernardo Calzadilla-Sarmiento, Ms. Chang Fangyuan, Mr. Chen Changju, Ms. Chen Hongying ,
Mr. Chen Xiaodong, Ms. Chen Yan, Ms. Chen Yueqing, Ms. Cheng Xialei, Ms. Chileshe Kapaya Matantilo, Ms. Chileshe Mpundu
Kapwepwe, Mr. Deogratias Kamweya, Mr. Dolwin Khan, Mr. Dong Guofeng, Mr. Ejaz Hussain Butt, Ms. Eva Kremere, Ms. Fang
Lin, Mr. Fu Liangliang, Mr. Garaio Donald Gafiye, Mr. Guei Guillaume Fulbert Kouhie, Mr. Guo Chenguang, Mr. Guo Hongyou, Mr.
Harold John Annegam, Ms. Hou Ling, Mr. Hu Jianwei, Ms. Hu Xiaobo, Mr. Hu Yunchu, Mr. Huang Haiyang, Mr. Huang Zhengmin, Ms.
Januka Gyawali, Mr. Jiang Songkun, Mr. K. M. Dharesan Unnithan, Mr. Kipyego Cheluget, Mr. Kolade Esan, Mr. Lamyser
CastellanosRigoberto, Mr. Li Zhiwu, Ms. Li Hui, Mr. Li Xiaoyong, Ms. Li Jingjing, Ms. Li Sa, Mr. Li Zhenggui, Ms. Liang Hong, Mr.
Liang Yong, Mr.Lin Xuxin, Mr. Liu Deyou, Mr. Liu Heng, Mr. Louis Philippe Jacques Tavernier, Ms. Lu Xiaoyan, Mr. Lv Jianping, Mr.
Manuel Mattiat,Mr. Martin Lugmayr, Mr. Mohamedain Seif Elnasr, Mr. Mundia Simainga, Mr. Mukayi Musarurwa, Mr. Olumide
Taiwo Alade, Mr.Ou Chuanqi, Ms. Pan Meiting, Mr. Pan Weiping, Mr. Ralf Steffen Kaeser, Mr. Rudolf Hüpfl, Mr. Rui Jun, Mr. Rao
Dayi, Mr. SandeepKher, Mr. Sergio Armando Trelles Jasso, Mr. Sindiso Ngwenga, Mr. Sidney Kilmete, Ms. Sitraka Zarasoa
Rakotomahefa, Mr. ShangZhihong, Mr. Shen Cunke, Mr. Shi Rongqing, Ms. Sanja Komadina, Mr. Tareq Emtairah, Mr. Tokihiko
Fujimoto, Mr. TovoniainaRamanantsoa Andriampaniry, Mr. Tan Xiangqing, Mr. Tong Leyi, Mr. Wang Xinliang, Mr. Wang
Fuyun, Mr. Wei Jianghui, Mr. WuCong, Ms. Xie Lihua, Mr. Xiong Jie, Ms. Xu Jie, Ms. Xu Xiaoyan, Mr. Xu Wei, Mr. Yohane Mukabe,
Mr. Yan Wenjiao, Mr. Yang Weijun,Ms. Yan Li, Mr. Yao Shenghong, Mr. Zeng Jingnian, Mr. Zhao Guojun, Mr. Zhang Min, Mr. Zhang
Liansheng, Mr. Zhang Zhenzhong,Mr. Zhang Xiaowen, Ms. Zhang Yingnan, Mr. Zheng Liang, Mr. Zheng Xiongwei, Mr. Zheng Yu,
Mr. Zhou Shuhua, Ms. Zhu Mingjuan.

Further recommendations and suggestions for application for the update would be highly welcome.

IV SHP/TG 003-2: 2019

 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

Table of Contents
Foreword VI
Introduction VII
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Service conditions 1
5 Technical requirements 2
5.1 Basic technical requirements 2
5.2 Electrical characteristics 3
5.3 Mechanical characteristics 10
5.4 Basic requirements of the structure 11
5.5 Ventilation and cooling system 12
5.6 Braking system 12
5.7 Fire extinguishing system 13
5.8 Detecting system 13
5.9 Excitation System 14

6 Supply scope and spare parts 16

6.1 Supply scope 14
6.2 Spare parts 14

7 Technical Documents 14
8 Inspection and acceptance 15
9 Nameplate, packing, transportation and storage 17
9.1 Nameplate 17
9.2 Packing, transportation and storage 17

10 Installation, use and maintenance 18

10.1 Installation 18
10.2 Operation and maintenance 18

11 Quality guarantee period 18

Appendix A (Informative) Main spare parts for the hydro turbine generator 20

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Foreword
The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) is a specialized agency under the United
Nations system to promote globally inclusive and sustainable industrial development (ISID). The relevance of
ISID as an integrated approach to all three pillars of sustainable development is recognized by the 2030 Agenda
for Sustainable Development and the related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which will frame United
Nations and country efforts towards sustainable development in the next fifteen years. UNIDO’s mandate for
ISID covers the need to support the creation of sustainable energy systems as energy is essential to economic
and social development and to improving quality of life. International concern and debate over energy have
grown increasingly over the past two decades, with the issues of poverty alleviation, environmental risks and
climate change now taking centre stage.

INSHP (International Network on Small Hydro Power) is an international coordinating and promoting
organization for the global development of small hydropower (SHP), which is established on the basis of
voluntary participation of regional, subregional and national focal points, relevant institutions, utilities
and companies, and has social benefit as its major objective. INSHP aims at the promotion of global SHP
development through triangle technical and economic cooperation among developing countries, developed
countries and international organizations, in order to supply rural areas in developing countries with
environmentally sound, affordable and adequate energy, which will lead to the increase of employment
opportunities, improvement of ecological environments, poverty alleviation, improvement of local living and
cultural standards and economic development.
UNIDO and INSHP have been cooperating on the World Small Hydropower Development Report since year
2010. From the reports, SHP demand and development worldwide were not matched. One of the development
barriers in most countries is lack of technologies. UNIDO, in cooperation with INSHP, through global expert
cooperation, and based on successful development experiences, decided to develop the SHP TGs to meet
demand from Member States.

These TGs were drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.
org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of these TGs may be subject to patent rights.
UNIDO and INSHP shall not be held responsible for identifying any such patent rights.

VI SHP/TG 003-2: 2019

 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

Introduction
Small Hydropower (SHP) is increasingly recognized as an important renewable energy solution to the
challenge of electrifying remote rural areas. However, while most countries in Europe, North and South
America, and China have high degrees of installed capacity, the potential of SHP in many developing countries
remains untapped and is hindered by a number of factors including the lack of globally agreed good practices
or standards for SHP development.

These Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants (TGs) will address the current
limitations of the regulations applied to technical guidelines for SHP Plants by applying the expertise and
best practices that exist across the globe. It is intended for countries to utilize these agreed upon Guidelines
to support their current policy, technology and ecosystems. Countries that have limited institutional and
technical capacities, will be able to enhance their knowledge base in developing SHP plants, thereby attracting
more investment in SHP projects, encouraging favourable policies and subsequently assisting in economic
development at a national level. These TGs will be valuable for all countries, but especially allow for the
sharing of experience and best practices between countries that have limited technical know-how.

The TGs can be used as the principles and basis for the planning, design, construction and management of
SHP plants up to 30MW.

• The Terms and Definitions in the TGs specify the professional technical terms and definitions commonly
used for SHP Plants.

• The Design Guidelines provide guidelines for basic requirements, methodology and procedure in terms
of site selection, hydrology, geology, project layout, configurations, energy calculations, hydraulics,
electromechanical equipment selection, construction, project cost estimates, economic appraisal,
financing, social and environmental assessments—with the ultimate goal of achieving the best design
solutions.

• The Units Guidelines specify the technical requirements on SHP turbines, generators, hydro turbine
governing systems, excitation systems, main valves as well as monitoring, control, protection and DC
power supply systems.
• The Construction Guidelines can be used as the guiding technical documents for the construction of SHP
projects.

• The Management Guidelines provide technical guidance for the management, operation and maintenance,
technical renovation and project acceptance of SHP projects.

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Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants – Units

Technical Guidelines for the

Development of Small Hydropower Plants
UNITS

Part 2: Hydro Turbine

Generator

VIII SHP/TG 003-2: 2019

 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

1 Scope
This Part of the Units Guidelines specifies the technical requirements as well as the basic requirements for the
supply scope, spare parts, technical documents, inspection and acceptance, packing, transportation, storage,
installation, operation and maintenance for the small hydropower (SHP) three-phase 50 Hz or 60 Hz salient
pole synchronous hydro turbine generator with rated capacity up to 12.5 MWA connected to a hydro turbine.

2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 1680 Acoustics-Test Code for the Measurement of Airborne Noise Emitted by Rotating Electrical Machines

IEC 60034-1 Rotating Electrical Machines- Rating and Performance

IEC 60034-2-1 Determining Losses and Efficiency from Tests

IEC 60034-2A Measurement of Losses by the Calorimetric Method

IEC 60038 IEC Standard Voltages

IEC 60050-411 Electro technical Vocabulary-Part 411: Rotating Machinery

IEC-60085 Classification of the materials for the insulation of the electrical machines

SHP/TG 001 Technical guidelines for the development of small hydropower plants —Terms and definitions.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60034-1, IEC 60050-411 and
SHP/TG 001 apply..

4 Service conditions
Unless otherwise stipulated, the generator shall be able to operate continuously under the following service
conditions:

a) The altitude is not more than 1 000 m. When the generator is used in the place with an altitude exceeding
1 000 m, the reduction of the dielectric properties and the decrease of the air cooling effect shall be
considered, and the user shall negotiate with the supplier;

b) The cooling air temperature is not more than 40°C;

c) The water inlet temperature of the heat exchangers of the generator, such as the air cooler and oil cooler,
is not higher than 28°C nor lower than 5°C;

d) The generator is installed in the sheltered plant;

e) The relative humidity in the plant is not more than 85%;

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Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants – Units

f) The design acceleration values corresponding to the seismic intensities of the service site are as shown in
Table 1.

Table 1 - Design acceleration values under different seismic intensities

Seismic intensities
Design acceleration value
7 8 9
Horizontal direction 0.2g 0.25g 0.4g
Vertical direction 0.1g 0.125g 0.2g
NOTE g is the gravitational acceleration of the site where the generator is used.

5 Technical requirements

5.1 Basic technical requirements

5.1.1 Rated capacity output

Under the following conditions, the generator shall be able to output rated capacity:

a) The deviation between the voltage and its rated value shall not exceed ±5% at the rated rotation speed and
the rated power factor;

b) The deviation between the frequency and its rated value shall not exceed ±1% at the rated rotation voltage
and the rated power factor;

c) At the rated power factor, when the voltage and the frequency deviate simultaneously (the deviations do
not exceed ±5% and ±1% respectively) and both deviations are positive, the sum of the deviations shall
not exceed 6%; if both deviations are negative or one deviation is positive while another deviation is
negative, the sum of the absolute values of the percentages of both deviations shall not exceed 5% (the
generator shall be able to operate continuously when the deviations of voltage and frequency exceed
the aforesaid values; at this moment, the output capacity shall ensure that the exciting current does not
exceed the rated value and the stator current does not exceed the rated value by more than 105%).

5.1.2 Rated power factor

The rated power factor of the generator should not be lower than 0.8 (lagged).
NOTE If the user has special requirements, the rated power factor may be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation.

5.1.3 Rated voltage

The rated voltage of the generator shall be determined by the user and the supplier through negotiation, and
shall comply with the provisions of IEC 60038. The following voltage grades (kV) shall preferably be selected:
0.4, 0.48, 0.69, 3.15, 3.3, 4.16, 6.3, 10.5 and 11.

5.1.4 Rated rotation speed

The rated rotation speed of the generator shall preferably be selected from Table 2:

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 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

Table 2 - The rated rotation speed of the hydro turbine generator

Unit: r/min

50Hz 60Hz
1500, 1000, 750, 600, 500, 428.6, 375, 333.3, 300, 250, 1200, 900, 720, 600, 514.3, 450, 400, 360, 300, 257.2,
214.3, 200, 187.5, 166.7, 150, 142.9, 136.4, 125, 115.4, 240, 225, 200, 180, 171.5, 163.7, 150, 138.5, 128.5,
107.1, 100, 93.8, 88.2, 83.3, 75 120, 112.6, 105.8, 100, 90

5.2 Electrical characteristics

5.2.1 Capacity

5.2.1.1 It is allowed to increase the active power value of the generator to the rated capacity (apparent
power) value by improving the power factor. If required by the user, the maximum capacity may be set for the
generator; at this moment, the power factor, electrical parameter value, allowable temperature rise and the
performance of the generator related to continuous operation shall be determined by the supplier and the
user through negotiation.

5.2.1.2 The generator shall have the long-term continuous leading phase and lag phase operation performance.
The allowable leading phase and lag phase capacity and operation scope as well as the allowable charging
capacity of the no-load line shall be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation.

5.2.2 Efficiency and loss

5.2.2.1 Rated efficiency

The guaranteed value for the rated efficiency of the generator operating at rated capacity, rated voltage, rated
power factor and rated rotation speed shall be specified in the order contract signed by and between the
supplier and the user.

The rated efficiency of the generator shall be as follows:

a) The generator with a rated capacity of 0.6MVA to 1.25MVA, with an efficiency of 90% to 95%;

b) The generator with a rated capacity greater than 1.25 MVA to 2.5 MVA, with an efficiency of 90% to 96%;

c) The generator with a rated capacity greater than 2.5MVA to 6.25MVA, with an efficiency of 92% to 96.5%;

d) The generator with a rated capacity greater than 6.25 MVA to 12.5 MVA, with an efficiency of 93% to 97%.

5.2.2.2 Weighted average efficiency

The weighted average efficiency is the weighted average value corresponding to the generator efficiency at
rated voltage, rated rotation speed and specified power factor and under different capacity conditions. The
guaranteed value of the weighted average efficiency shall be specified in the order contract signed by and
between the supplier and the user.

The weighted average efficiency of the generator may be calculated by means of the following formula. The
weighting coefficient shall be provided by the user.

  A1  B2  C3 ......................................................................(1)

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Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants – Units

where

A, B and C……  are the corresponding to the weighting coefficient at the specified power factor and
under capacity conditions, and A+B+C+……=1;

�1, �2 and �3……  are the corresponding to the efficiency values at the specified power factor, capacity
and weighting coefficient.

5.2.2.3 Loss

The loss and efficiency of the generator shall be measured with the direct method, indirect method or
calorimetric method. The losses include:

a) Copper loss of the stator winding;

b) Copper loss of the rotor winding;

c) Core loss;

d) Loss from wind and friction;

e) Loss of the guide bearing;

f) Loss of the thrust bearing (only the loss apportioned to the rotating part of the generator is considered);

g) Stray loss;

h) Loss from the excitation system;

i) Electrical and friction losses of the brushes;

j) Other losses.

NOTE For determining the loss value I2R of the windings, the DC resistance of the windings shall be converted into the values at the
reference working temperature corresponding to insulation class marked on the generator nameplate. If the temperature rise or the rated
temperature is specified to be lower than the thermal classification of the structure, its reference working temperature shall be specified as
per the lower thermal classification, as shown in Table 3.

Table 3 - Reference working temperature specified as per the thermal classification of the hydro
turbine generator insulation

Thermal classification of the insulation structure Reference working temperature °C

130(B) 95
155(F) 115
180(H) 130

5.2.3 Electrical parameters and time constant

The electrical parameters such as the synchronous reactance, transient reactance, ultra-transient reactance,
short circuit ratio and time constant of the generator shall meet the operational requirements of the electric
power system and shall be specified in the order contract signed by and between the supplier and the user.

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 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

5.2.4 Total harmonic distortion factor

When the stator winding of the generator is connected with the normal functioning connection method, the
total harmonic distortion (THD) factor of the line voltage should not exceed 5% at the no-load rated voltage
and rated rotation speed.

5.2.5 Temperature rise of components like the windings and stator core

The generator shall be able to operate continuously for a long term under the service conditions and the rated
working conditions specified in Chapter 4, and the temperature rise limit value of its stator winding, rotor
winding and stator core shall comply with the provisions of Table 4.

Table 4 - Allowable temperature rise limit value of the stator winding, rotor winding and stator
core of the hydro turbine generator

Maximum allowable temperature rise limit value for insulating materials of different levels(K)
130(B) 155(F)
Components of
the hydro turbine Embedded Embedded
generator Resistance
Thermometer temperature Thermometer Resistance temperature
method
method Th detector method Th method R detector
R
method ETD method ETD
Stator winding — 80 85 — 100 105
Stator core — — 85 — — 105
Rotor winding of
— 80 — — 100 —
two layers or more
Single-layer rotor
winding with — 90 — — 110 —
exposed surface
Collecting ring 75 — — 85 — —
NOTE Stator and rotor shall be provided with insulating material with temperature classification of 130 (B) or higher.

5.2.6 Correction of the temperature rise limit value under non-reference operating conditions and
ratings
5.2.6.1 When the generator is used in places at an altitude of 1 000 m to 4 000 m, and the maximum
environment air temperature is not more than 40°C, its temperature rise limit value may not be
corrected. When thealtitude is higher than 4 000 m, it shall be determined by the supplier and the user
through negotiation.

5.2.6.2 When the generator is used in places at an altitude no higher than 1 000 m, and the
maximum temperature of the ambient air or cooling air at the air cooler outlet of the generator is different
than 40°C, the temperature rise limit value specified in Table 4 may be corrected as follows (which only
applies to the measurement with the embedded temperature detector method):

a) When the cooling air temperature is below 40°C, the temperature rise limit value shall increase by the
difference value of the cooling air temperature below 40°C;

b) When the cooling air temperature is higher than 40°C but lower than 60°C, the temperature rise limit
value shall decrease by the difference of the cooling air temperature above 40°C;

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Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants – Units

c) When the cooling air temperature is higher than 60°C, the decrease in the temperature rise limit value may
be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation.

5.2.6.3 As for the generator which is started and stopped three or more times every day, the temperature rise
limit value in Table 4 may be considered to decrease by 5 K to 10 K.

5.2.7 Bearing temperature

Under normal operating conditions of the generator, the maximum temperature of its bearing shall be
measured with the embedded temperature detector method and shall not exceed the provision in Table 5.

Table 5 - Allowable temperature rise values for the hydro turbine generator bearings

Components of the Hydro Turbine Generator Maximum Allowable Temperature Rise Value °C
Babbitt bearing bush of the thrust bearing 75
Babbitt bearing bush of the guide bearing 70
Plastic bearing bush body of the thrust bearing 55
Plastic bearing bush body of the guide bearing 55
Babbitt bearing bush of cradle-type sleeve bearing 80
Rolling bearing 95 (thermometer method)

5.2.8 Special operating requirements

5.2.8.1 The generator allows short-time overcurrent under accident conditions. The multiples of the
overcurrent of the stator winding and corresponding allowable duration shall be determined as per Table 6.
However, the occurrence of overcurrent reaching the allowable duration in Table 6 shall not exceed 2 times
on average every year.

Table 6 - Relationship between allowable multiples of the overcurrent of the stator winding and
the allowable duration of the hydro turbine generator

Allowable multiples of the overcurrent of the stator (stator Allowable duration

current/ stator rated current) min.

1.10 60

1.15 15

1.20 6

1.25 5

1.30 4

1.40 3

1.50 2

NOTE As for the generator with overload operation requirements (see 5.2.1.1), the allowable multiples of the overcurrent and the
duration of its stator winding shall be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation.

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 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

5.2.8.2 The rotor winding of the generator shall be able to withstand 2 times the rated exciting current for
no less than 50 secs.

5.2.8.3 When the generator is operating in the unsymmetrical power system, if the current of any phase does
not exceed rated current IN, and the ratio (per-unit value) of the negative sequence current component (I2)
to the rated current is not more than 12%, the generator shall be able to operate for a long period.

5.2.8.4 When the generator operates unsymmetrically for a short time due to failure, the allowable product of
the squared ratio (per-unit value) of the negative-sequence current component to the rated current and the
allowable unsymmetrical operation duration t (s) is 40 s, i.e. (I2/IN)2 ×t = 40s.

5.2.9 Connecting to the system by synchronization

The generator shall be connected to the system by quasi-synchronization.

5.2.10 Main outgoing line, neutral outgoing line and phase sequence

5.2.10.1 Main outgoing line and neutral outgoing line

The number of main outgoing lines of the stator winding of the generator should be 3 or 6. The direction and
layout of the outgoing lines of the stator winding as well as the outgoing mode of the neutral outgoing lines
shall be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation.

5.2.10.2 Phase sequence

The phase sequence arrangement of the outgoing terminal of the generator should be: Viewed from the
outgoing terminal of the generator, the sequence is U, V and W horizontally from left to right. If another phase
sequence arrangement is to be used, it shall be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation.

5.2.11 Insulating property and withstand voltage test

5.2.11.1 Insulating property

5.2.11.1.1 The insulation resistance value between the stator winding of the generator and the enclosure
or between the windings shall not be lower than the value calculated by the following formula when it is
converted to 100°C:

UN
R ..........................................................................(2)
1000  0.01S N
where

R is the calculated value of the hot insulation resistance of the winding corresponding to a
temperature of 100°C, in MΩ;

UN is the rated line voltage of the generator, in V;

SN is the rated capacity of the generator, in kVA.

As for the dry and clean generator, the insulation resistance value Rt (MΩ) of the stator winding at room
temperature t (°C) may be corrected by the following formula:

Rt  R 1.6(100 t ) /10 ...........................................................................(3)

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Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants – Units

5.2.11.1.2 When the rotor is megger tested with a 500 V or 1 000 V tramegger at room temperature 10°C
to 40°C before and after the single magnetic pole is hung, its insulation resistance value shall not be less
than 5 MΩ. After hanging, the insulation resistance value of the complete winding of the rotor shall not be
less than 0.5 MΩ.

5.2.11.1.3 When the stator winding of the generator is in the actual cold state, the difference in the DC
resistance of the various branches between the maximum phase and minimum phase shall not exceed 2% of
the minimum value after the error arising from the different length of the lead wire is corrected.

5.2.11.1.4 The polarization coefficient R10/R1of the stator winding of the generator shall not be less than 2.0.
R10 and R1 are the measured insulation resistance values in 10 minutes and 1 minute when the temperature
is lower than 40°C, it will not be evaluated when the rated voltage is 2.5 kV or lower.

5.2.11.1.5 Dielectric loss angle tangent of the normal-state medium of the stator winding of the generator
and the limit value of its increment shall comply with the provisions of Table 7 (it will not be evaluated when
the rated voltage is 2.5 kV or lower).

Table 7 - Dielectric loss angle tangent of the normal-state medium of the hydro turbine genera-
tor and the limit value of its increment

Test voltage 0.2UN 0.2UN-0.6UN

Dielectric loss angle tangent of the Δtanδ  tanδ0.6U  tanδ 0.2U
tanδ N N
medium and its increment
Index value (%) ≤3 ≤1
NOTE UN refers to the rated line voltage of the generator, in kV. For each generator, a casual inspection shall be carried out by 3%.
Thefrequency of casual inspections shall be doubled if failure of the inspection.

5.2.11.1.6 When the insulation resistance values of the thrust bearing, guide bearing, cradle-type sleeve
bearing and embedded temperature detector of the generator with ground insulation requirements are
measured at 10°C to 30°C, they shall comply with the provisions of Table 8.

Table 8 - Insulation resistance values of the various components of the hydro turbine generator
Insulation Voltage of the
Bearing components Remark
resistance MΩ tramegger V
Thrust bearing 1 Install the thermometer into the thrust bearing
and guide bearing and measure before injecting
Split-type guide bearing bush 5 1 000 the lubricating oil.
Measure the ground insulation resistance of the
Cradle-type sleeve bearing 1
bearing pedestal.
Embedded temperature
5 250
detector

5.2.11.2 Withstand voltage test

5.2.11.2.1 Before the AC withstand voltage test is carried out on the generator with rated voltage of 6.3
kV or higher, the DC withstand voltage and leakage shall be measured for the stator winding with 3 times
the rated voltage. The test voltage shall increase in a stable manner in stages; each stage shall be 0.5 times
the rated voltage and it will last 1 minute. The leakage current shall not increase over time. The difference
in the leakage current for the various phases shall not be greater than 50% of the minimum value.

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 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

5.2.11.2.2 Power frequency breakdown voltage value of the stator winding insulation should be 5.5 to 6
times the rated voltage, and shall be verified through the sampling test.

5.2.11.2.3 The stator winding and the rotor winding of the generator shall be able to sustain the AC withstand
voltage test at the power frequency specified in Table 9 (the waveform is the actual sinusoidal waveform) for
1 minute without puncturing the insulation.

Table 9 - Standard for the winding dielectric withstand voltage test of the hydro
turbine generator

Test voltage, kV
Coil or winding test Remark
UN<6.3 6.3≤UN≤13.8
a) Finished coil product 2.75UN+4.5 2.75UN+6.5
Stator winding

b) After slot wedge assembling off line 2.5UN+2.5 2.5UN+2.5

c) At completion of stator assembly 2.25UN+2.0 2.25UN+2.0
d) Stator after the immersion paint is cured 2.0UN+2.0 2.0UN+2.0 Total immersion
e) At completion of final assembling of the
2.0UN+1.0 2.0UN+1.0
generator
a) At completion of rotor assembling 10 times rated the exciting voltage +0.5
winding

(minimum is 2.0 kV)

Rotor

b) At completion of final assembling of the 10 times rated the exciting voltage +0.5
generator (minimum is 1.5 kV)
NOTE 1 UN refers to the rated voltage of the generator (kV);
NOTE 2 Stator winding which is not treated by total immersion will not be subjected to item d); dielectric strength test of the stator
winding treated by total immersion will be carried out from item d);
NOTE 3 For the stator and rotor to be accepted on site, the AC dielectric strength test value of its winding is 0.8 times the test voltage
value upon completion of the generator final assembly.

5.2.11.2.4 As for the generator with rated voltage of 6.3 kV and above, the single coil of its stator shall
not incept corona at 1.5 times the rated voltage when the altitude of the service location is 1 000 m or
lower; during the dielectric strength test of a complete machine, the terminals shall be free from any obvious
golden bright spots and continuous corona strips at 1.05 times the rated voltage. When the altitude is
higher than 1 000 m, the test value of the corona inception voltage shall be as follows:

a) Corona inception voltage value of the stator winding shall not be lower than the values obtained by the
following formula:

1  KH S
U BS  1.5U N ........................................................................(4)
1  KH A
where

UBS is the corona inception voltage of the stator winding, in kV;

UN is the rated line voltage of the generator, in kV;

K is the declining rate of corona inception voltage along with the increase in altitude, K takes 0.1,
in km-1;

HS is the altitude of the test location for the motor, in km;

HA is the ltitude of the installation location for the motor, in km;

SHP/TG 003-2: 2019 9

Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants – Units

b) Corona inception voltage value of the complete generator shall not be lower than the values obtained by
the following formula:

1  KH S
U JS  1.3U  .........................................................................(5)
1  KH A
where

UJS is the corona inception voltage of the generator, in kV;

UΦ is the rated phase voltage of the generator, in kV.

5.3 Mechanical characteristics

5.3.1 The rotation direction specified for the generator shall be seen clockwise from the non-driving terminal.
If there is any special requirement, it shall be specified in the order contract signed by and between the
supplier and the user.

5.3.2 The moment of inertia(GD2) value of the generator shall satisfy the requirements for the regulation
guarantee calculation and the technical and economic reasonability of the hydropower station. If the GD2 value
of the generator could not satisfy the requirement of the regulation guarantee calculation of the hydropower
station, it shall be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation.

5.3.3 The generator and the auxiliary machine directly connected to it shall be able to operate for 5 minutes
at maximum runaway speed and shall not become adversely deformed and damaged.

5.3.4 The structural strength of the various components of the generator shall be able to sustain the 3 s
three-phase sudden short-circuit test at the rated rotation speed and no-load voltage that is equal to 105%
of therated voltage and shall not be adversely deformed. Meanwhile, it shall be able to undertake a 20 s
short-circuit failure at the rated capacity, rated power factor and 105% of the rated voltage and stable
exciting conditions and shall not be adversely deformed or damaged.

5.3.5 The structural strength of the generator shall be able to undertake the action of the unbalanced magnetic
pull produced by the short circuit of half of the magnetic poles of the rotor, and shall not be adversely deformed
or damaged.

5.3.6 After the stator and rotor of the generator are assembled, the difference between the maximum or
minimum value of the stator in- radius and rotor ex- radius and its design radius shall not be more than ±4%
of the design air gap value. The difference between the maximum value or minimum value of the air gap
between the stator and the rotor and its average value shall not be more than ±8% of its average value.

10 SHP/TG 003-2: 2019

 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

5.3.7 The allowable double amplitude vibration of the generator shall comply with the provisions in Table 10.

Table 10 - Allowable vibration limit value of the various components of the

hydro turbine generator
Unit: mm

Hydro turbine Items Rated rotation speed nN/(r/min)

generator unit
type nN＜100 100≤nN＜250 250≤nN＜375 375≤nN≤750 750＜nN

Vertical type Vertical vibration

of the bracket with 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.04 0.03
thrust bearing
Vertical type Horizontal vibration
of the bracket with 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.04
guide bearing
Horizontal Vertical vibration
type of the bearings at 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.04
various positions
NOTE The vibration value refers to the double amplitude value of the hydro turbine generator unit under all kinds of stable operating
conditions except for over-speed operation.

5.3.8 The noise level of the hydro turbine generator shall not be greater than that specified in Table 11.

Table 11 - Noise level of the hydro turbine generator

Unit mode Position of measurement Rated speed nN/(r/min)
250
nN≤250 nN≥750
＜nN＜750
Vertical unit Vertical distance 1 m above the outer edge of the
80dB（A） 85dB（A） 90dB（A）
upper cover
Horizontal unit 1 m away from the unit at the non-transmission end 80dB（A） 85dB（A） 90dB（A）

5.3.9 After the generator and the turbine are assembled, the first-stage critical speed of rotation of the
rotating part of the hydro turbine generator unit shall not be less than 120% of maximum runaway speed.
5.3.10 The vertical deflection value of the load-bearing frame of the generator shall not be more than 1.5
mm under the action of maximum axial load.

5.4 Basic requirements of the structure

5.4.1 The structural style of the generator shall be determined after technical and economic analysis and
comparison in accordance with type of the turbine, rotation speed of the hydro turbine generator unit, rated
capacity, powerhouse type and operating stability of the hydro turbine generator unit.

5.4.2 The connection between the generator and the drive end should employ the rigid or flexible coaxial
drive structure but should not employ the belt drive structure. When it is necessary to employ the belt drive
structure, it shall be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation.

5.4.3 The generator with the rolling bearing structure should not bear the axial thrust; as for the generator

SHP/TG 003-2: 2019 11

Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants – Units

required to bear the axial thrust, the load value shall be determined by the supplier and the user through
negotiation.

5.4.4 The generator with the sliding bearing structure should employ the self-circulation bearing, and the
horizontal turbine generator unit (excluding the shaft-extension tabular turbine generator unit) should
preferably have the structure with two supporting points.

5.4.5 The rotor for the generator with a rated capacity above 1 MVA shall be fitted with the damping
winding (or structure with the damping function). The rotor for the generator with a rated capacity of 1
MVA or less will not be fitted with the damping winding; where necessary to fit, it shall be determined by the
supplier and the user through negotiation.

5.4.6 The structure of the vertical hydro turbine generator shall be convenient for maintenance and overhaul. If
the structure permits, the generator should be designed so that its lower rack and the removable components
of the hydraulic turbine could pass through the inner diameter of the stator core without the need to remove
the stator when installing and overhauling.

5.4.7 The hydro turbine generator unit could be started when the oil groove oil temperature is no lower than
10°C for the thrust bearing and the guide bearing with the bearing alloy bush, and the generator could be
started immediately after it stops. The hydro turbine generator unit could be started when the oil groove oil
temperature is no lower than 5°C for the thrust bearing and the guide bearing with the elastic metal plastic
bearing bush, and the generator could be started immediately after it stops.

5.4.8 If the generator needs to be fitted with the electric heating dehumidification system, it shall be
determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation.

5.5 Ventilation and cooling system

5.5.1 The generator may employ the following ventilation and cooling system:

a) Open-type self-ventilation and cooling system: Usually applies to the generator with a rated capacity of
1 MVA or less;

b) Duct-based ventilation and cooling system: Usually applies to the generator with a rated capacity
above 1 MVA but less than 4 MVA;

c) Closed circulation ventilation and cooling system: Usually applies to the generator with a rated
capacity above 4 MVA.

5.5.2 Cooling water pressure of the air cooler may usually be designed as per 0.15 MPa to 0.3 MPa, or
the working pressure may be determined according to the actual situation and confirmed by the supplier
and the user through negotiation. The test water pressure of the cooler shall be 1.5 times of the working
water pressure (minimum pressure shall not be lower than 0.4 MPa). The test shall last 60 minutes.

5.6 Braking system

5.6.1 The generator with the rolling bearing structure will not be fitted with the brake device.

5.6.2 The vertical hydro turbine generator with the sliding bearing structure shall be fitted with the braking
device. The vertical hydro turbine generator with a rated capacity above 1 MVA should be fitted with a set
of mechanical braking devices operated with compressed air or pressure oil. The braking system shall be
able to jack up the rotating part of the hydro turbine generator unit with the hydraulic oil and be reliably
locked.

12 SHP/TG 003-2: 2019

 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

5.6.3 When the horizontal hydro turbine generator with the sliding bearing structure needs to be fitted with
the braking device, it shall be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation.

5.6.4 When the generator is provided with the mechanical brake, the compressed air with a pressure of
0.5 MP to 0.7 MPa may be used, or pressure oil may be used as the braking medium. The mechanical
braking system shall be able to continuously apply braking and to stop the rotating part of the hydro turbine
generator unit from 20% to 30% rated rotation speed (10% to 20% for the generator with plastic bearing
bush) withinthe specified time. When the rotation torque produced by the hydro turbine generator unit
due to the waterleakage of the turbine guide vane is not greater than 1% of the rated rotation torque of
the turbine, themechanical braking system shall apply braking and stop the hydro turbine generator unit.

5.7 Fire extinguishing system

The setting of the fire extinguishing system shall meet the following requirement:

a) For the generator with a rated capacity of 12.5 MVA, the stator winding head may be fitted with water
fire extinguishing apparatus.
b) The generator with a rated capacity less than 12.5 MVA may not be fitted with fire extinguishing
apparatus;

c) The setting of the fire extinguishing system of the generator shall be selected according to the firefighting
standard of the country.

5.8 Detecting system

5.8.1 Residual pressure velocity measuring device shall be set for the generator. If other methods of speed
measurement are adopted, they shall be agreed by both supplier and buyer.

5.8.2 For measuring the temperature of the stator winding and stator core, it is necessary to embed electric
resistance thermometers, in the quantities as follows, in the stator groove of the generator:
a) Zero for the generator with a rated capacity of 1 MVA or less;

b) Six for the generator with a rated capacity above 1MVA but less than 12.5 MVA.

5.8.3 For measuring the temperature of the thrust bearing and the guide bearing, it is necessary to embed the
electric resistance thermometers (signal thermometers) in at least the following quantities:

a) Four are to be embedded in the thrust bearing bush on the generator with a rated capacity above 1MVA,
two are embedded in the guide bearing bush, one is embedded in the thrust bearing oil groove and one
in the guide bearing oil groove;

b) One to be embedded in the thrust bearing oil groove and one in the guide bearing oil groove of the generator
with a rated capacity of 1MVA or less for measuring the temperature of the hot oil in the oil groove. If
electric resistance thermometers (signal thermometers) need to be embedded in the thrust bearing and
the guide bearing, it shall be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation;

c) At least one is to be embedded in the cradle sleeve bearing of the horizontal hydro turbine generator; if
the cradle sleeve bearing is fitted with the thrust bearing, at least one thermometer is embedded in the
thrust bearing bush.

5.8.4 One electrical resistance thermometer for measuring the cool air temperature shall be embedded on
each air cooler; each of the two air coolers of every hydro turbine generator shall be equipped with one
thermometer for measuring the hot air temperature; one thermometer for measuring the hot air temperature

SHP/TG 003-2: 2019 13

Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants – Units

shall be embedded if there are two or fewer air coolers; the thermometers shall be convenient for replacement.

5.8.5 The automatic detection system used on the generator shall be configured according to the decision of
the supplier and the user through negotiation, such as the liquid level detector, cooling water flow indicator,
water-in-oil detector, pressure detector, heating and drying and dehumidification detector.

The type and performance requirements of each automatic detection system and device as well as the
configuration of the computer monitoring system interface shall be determined by the supplier and the user
through negotiation, and the communication interface shall be provided with RS-485.

5.9 Excitation System

The generator shall be provided with the self-shunt excitation thyristor rectification excitation system. If
other excitation methods are adopted, they shall be agreed by both the supplier and the buyer.

6 Supply scope and spare parts

6.1 Supply scope

6.1.1 The generator body and its accessories.

6.1.2 The supply of the complete package of the excitation system shall be determined by the supplier and
the user through negotiation.

6.1.3 Dedicated tools and special tools for installation and overhaul.

6.2 Spare parts

6.2.1 The items and the quantity of the main spare parts for the generator should be subject to the provisions
of Appendix A.
6.2.2 Other spare parts should be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation.

7 Technical Documents
The supplier shall submit the necessary technical documents to the user; the contents, quantity and delivery
time shall be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation. The attached technical documents
include the following contents:

a) Arrangement plan, foundation drawing and embedded parts diagram of the generator;

b) General assembly drawing of the generator, assembly drawing of the various components of the generator,
overall dimensions and layout plan of the air cooler, schematic diagram for lifting of the rotor, schematic
diagram for installing/removing of the thrust block and the schematic diagram of the unit’s barring;
c) Main electrical parameters of the generator, and the dimensions and weight of the main components;

d) No-load, short-circuit characteristic curve and efficiency characteristic curve of the generator;

e) Schematic diagram and layout plan of the braking system, oil, water and air pipeline layout drawing of the
generator and detailed diagram for the auxiliary connection of the generator;

14 SHP/TG 003-2: 2019

 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

f) Installation, use and maintenance instructions, delivery inspection report, and delivery details of the
generator.

8 Inspection and acceptance

8.1 Each product shall pass the inspection before being delivered, and shall be accompanied by the product
quality inspection certificate.

8.2 The generator which could be subjected to general assembly and start-up and trial run at the supplier’s
premise shall be inspected and accepted according to the delivery tests and commissioning test items in
Table 12.

Table 12 - Acceptance inspection items of the hydro turbine generator

No. Test items Delivery Hand- Start-up Perfor- Remarks
tests over and trial mance
tests run test
1 Inspection of the chemical compo- According to the agreement
nents and mechanical properties of √ between the supplier and the
the key components and materials buyer
2 Test of the stator core magnetization According to the agreement
(iron loss) √ between the supplier and the
buyer
3 Dielectric strength inspection of the Apply to the split stator as-
formed coil of the stator sembling completed on the
√
construction site of the hydro-
power station
4 Measurement of the insulation resist-
ance of the winding to the enclosure √ √
and between windings
5 Measurement of insulation resistance
of temperature measuring compo- √ √
nent
6 Measurement of the DC resistance of
√ √
the winding in the actual cold state
7 DC withstand voltage test of the UN≥6.3kV
stator winding to the enclosure and
√ √
between windings, as well as the
leakage current measurement
8 Power frequency AC withstand volt-
age test of the winding to the enclo- √ √
sure and between windings
9 Measurement of the AC impedance of According to the agreement
the single magnetic pole of the rotor √ √ between the supplier and the
buyer
10 Rotor balance test √ √
11 Measurement of the bearing insula- The resistance does not need
tion resistance √ √ to be tested if the rolling bear-
ing is not fitted with insulation
12 Withstand voltage test of the cooler √ √
13 Withstand voltage test of the brake √ √

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Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants – Units

No. Test items Delivery Hand- Start-up Perfor- Remarks

tests over and trial mance
tests run test
14 Test of the oil-air-water system √
15 Measurement of the bearing temper- If the bearing is fitted with the
√ √
ature temperature measuring device
16 Dynamic balance calibration √ If necessary
17 Inspection of the braking function √
18 Overspeed test √ √
19 Measurement of the phase sequence √ √
20 Measurement of the shaft voltage The resistance does not need
√ to be tested if the rolling bear-
ing is not fitted with insulation
21 Test of the no-load characteristics √ √
22 Over-voltage test √ √
23 Three-phase stable-state short-circuit
√ √
test
24 Overcurrent test √ √
25 Measurement of the vibration and
√
throw
26 Measurement of the rated exciting
√
current and the voltage change ratio
27 Measurement of the winding imped-
√
ance and the time constant
28 Measurement of the total harmonic
distortion (THD) factor of the voltage √
waveform
29 Measurement of the noise level √
30 Temperature rise test √
31 Measurement of efficiency and loss According to the agreement
√ between the supplier and the
buyer
32 Over-excitation phase modulation According to the agreement
and under-excitation leading phase √ between the supplier and the
operation test buyer
33 Load throw-off test To be carried out under 25%,
√ 50%, 75% and 100% of rated
loads.
34 Three-phase sudden short-circuit test According to the agreement
√ between the supplier and the
buyer
35 Runaway speed test According to the agreement
√ between the supplier and the
buyer
NOTE 1 The items marked with “√” in the table shall be completed.
NOTE 2 If the tested equipment does not have the structure and function relevant to a certain test item, such item does not need to be
tested.
NOTE 3 The functions and purchased parts not listed in Table 12 may be tested according to the supplier’s provisions;
NOTE 4 Some test items among the delivery tests which could not be done at the supplier’s premises may be carried out on the site of the
hydropower station after the hydro turbine generator is installed.

16 SHP/TG 003-2: 2019

 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

8.3 The generator which could not be subjected to general assembly and start-up and trial run at the supplier’s
premises shall be inspected and accepted according to the hand-over test items in Table 12.

8.4 The supplier shall provide the conformity certificates, material chemical components and mechanical
property reports for the key components of the generator including:

a) Material chemical components, mechanical properties and non-destructive testing of the spindle forgings;

b) Material chemical components and mechanical properties of the rotor spider (magnet yoke);

c) Material chemical components and mechanical properties of the runner plate forgings;

d) Magnetization characteristic and loss of the silicon steel sheet;

e) Wire size, electric conductivity and dielectric strength of the winding.

8.5 For the equipment to be assembled on the site of the hydropower station, the work-piece dimensions
and assembling dimensions of the components shall be checked before delivery, and the components (stator
split frame, disc rotor spider, assembling and cover plates of guide bearing and thrust bearing as well as the
assembling of the wind screen) shall be pre-assembled, as appropriate, by the supplier.

8.6 Site acceptance including:

a) The start-up and trial run items for acceptance shall be carried out according to the start-up and trial run
items in Table 12;

b) The performance test items for acceptance shall be carried out according to the performance test items
in Table 12.

9 Nameplate, packing, transportation and storage

9.1 Nameplate
The materials and engraving method of the nameplates shall ensure that its text is not to be obliterated
during the entire service period, and the following information shall be marked:

Name and model; rated capacity (MVA, kVA), rated voltage (V), rated current (A), rated frequency (Hz) and
rated power factor (cosφ); rated rotation speed (r/min.) and runaway speed (r/min.); rated exciting voltage
(V) and rated exciting current (A); number of phases, connection method for the stator winding and insulation
grade; country name, manufacturer name, delivery date and the products number.

9.2 Packing, transportation and storage

9.2.1 The packing shall be determined by the supplier and the user through negotiation and shall comply
with relevant provisions of the importing country of the equipment. Special requirements for the equipment,
if any, shall be marked on the packing container.

9.2.2 The packing container shall be manufactured according to the encasing drawing. The following
information shall be marked on the outside of the container:

a) User name and address;

b) Supplier name and address;

SHP/TG 003-2: 2019 17

Technical Guidelines for the Development of Small Hydropower Plants – Units

c) Name, model and serial number;

d) Net weight, gross weight, centre of the gravity line of the packing container, position of the slings and the
overall dimensions of the packing container;

e) Wordings and marks like “Handle with Care”, “Keep Away from Moisture” and “Do not Put Upside Down”.

9.2.3 Before packing, the following preparations shall be made:

a) Inspect whether the equipment appearance gets damaged and whether there is dust on the surface;

b) Take the necessary rust-prevention measures for the external machining surface of the equipment;

c) Necessary anti-deformation measures;

d) Remove the fragile and vibration-sensitive components and meters, and pack them separately;

e) Fix the movable parts in the equipment with the generator body;

f) Ensure that the spare parts, compliance certificate and relevant technical documents that accompany the
equipment are complete, wrap them properly and affix them in proper position.

9.2.4 After the packing container of the equipment has been opened after being delivered to the site of the
hydropower station, the equipment shall be stored in the sheltered warehouse, the storage temperature shall
not be lower than 5°C, shall be protected from dampness and moisture, shall be properly stored and shall not
be stacked at will.

10 Installation, use and maintenance

10.1 Installation
It shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of the product installation, use and maintenance
instructions provided by the supplier.

10.2 Operation and maintenance

The operation and maintenance shall comply with the provisions of the normative references, the installation,
use and maintenance instructions provided by the supplier as well as the relevant operation specifications
for the hydropower station.

The supplier shall provide technical support for solving the problems occurring during the installation, use
and maintenance process of the equipment, and train the user’s personnel in the aspects of the equipment’s
installation, use and maintenance.

18 SHP/TG 003-2: 2019

 Part 2: Hydro Turbine Generator

11 Quality guarantee period

Under the premise that the product is properly stored, installed and used, the quality guarantee period
shall be one year after the date on which the 72 hour trial operation is completed, or two years after the
delivery date of the last batch of goods, whichever comes earlier. If the equipment gets damaged or is unable
to function properly due to the manufacturing quality during the quality guarantee period, the supplier shall
repair or replace it free of charge.

SHP/TG 003-2: 2019 19

 Appendix A
(Informative)
Main spare parts for the hydro turbine generator

Table A.1 - Main spare parts for the hydro turbine generator

Quantity Re-
S/N Name Unit
1-2 units 3-4 units 5 units or more marks
1 Brake block, seal ring and spring Unit/set 1 1 1

Mandatory spare parts

2 Carbon brush Unit/set One set for each unit or 2 pieces for each unit
3 Rotation silicon piece 2 pieces for each unit
4 Brush holder Unit/set 1/4 2/4 3/4
Insulating plate and insulating sleeve
5 Unit/set 1 1 1
for the bearing
6 Temperature measuring component Piece One of each type for each unit
7 Stator winding Unit/set 1/15 2/15 3/15

Optional spare parts

1/3 reserve level of coils multiplying the number
8 Stator slot wedge
of branches per slot
9 Thrust bearing bush Unit/set 1 1 1
10 Guide bearing bush Unit/set 1 1 1
Sleeve bearing bush (horizontal bear-
11 Unit/set 1 1 1
ing)
NOTE “Unit/set” refers to the sets (or quantity) for each unit.
 INTERNATIONAL NETWORK
ON SMALL HYDROPOWER
Vienna International Centre 136 Nanshan Road
P.O. Box 300 · 1400 Vienna · Austria Hangzhou · 310002 · P.R.China
Tel.: (+43-1) 26026-o Tel.: (+86-571)87132793
E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]
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