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Casio PB-700 - data formats

Index wersja polska

Casio PB-700 - data formats

BASIC tokens
$80 SIN $90 ASC( $A0 GOTO $B0 ELSE $C0 CLEAR $D0 SYSTEM
$81 COS $91 LEN( $A1 GOSUB $B1 STEP $C1 PROG $D1 CLS
$82 TAN $92 VAL( $A2 RETURN $B2 THEN $C2 PUT $D2
$83 EXP $93 PI $A3 FOR $B3 TO $C3 GET $D3
$84 ASN $94 RND $A4 NEXT $B4 USING $C4 VERIFY $D4
$85 ACS $95 $A5 IF $B5 TAB( $C5 CHAIN $D5
$86 ATN $96 $A6 STOP $B6 ALL $C6 SAVE $D6
$87 LOG $97 $A7 INPUT $B7 DATA $C7 LOAD $D7
$88 LGT $98 $A8 READ $B8 REM $C8 PASS $D8
$89 SQR $99 INKEY$ $A9 RESTORE $B9 LET $C9 NEW $D9
$8A ABS $9A CHR$( $AA END $BA ANGLE $CA LIST $DA
$8B FRAC $9B STR$( $AB DRAW( $BB BEEP $CB LLIST $DB
$8C INT $9C LEFT$( $AC DRAWC( $BC DIM $CC RUN $DC
$8D SGN $9D RIGHT$( $AD LOCATE $BD ERASE $CD DELETE $DD
$8E POINT( $9E MID$( $AE PRINT $BE TRON $CE EDIT $DE
$8F ROUND( $9F MOD $AF LPRINT $BF TROFF $CF CONT $DF

There aren't any undocumented keywords.

BASIC program structure

BASIC line begins with a line number stored in 2 bytes (four 4-bit words) in packed decimal format, ends
with an end marker $FF. BASIC keywords are stored as single byte tokens, numeric values as strings of
characters, colons used as statements separators as $FE.
Example:
1234 FOR I=1 TO 49 STEP 1: NEXT I
34 12 A3 49 3D 31 B3 34 39 B1 31 FE A4 49 FF

File formats
A file consists of a header segment followed by one or more data segments.

Structure of the file header segment

1 byte character 'H' - the header segment identifier
1 byte file type
8 bytes file name, padded with spaces to 8 characters
3 bytes 3 spaces, reserved for the file name extension?
8 bytes password, data are inverted (xor FF) and padded with FFs
12 bytes parameters - information specific to individual file type,
seem to be ignored when loading
1 byte checksum - the two's complement of the sum of all preceding
bytes modulo 256 (sum of all bytes + checksum = 0x00),
ignored, not even read from the tape when loading
1 byte end marker 0xF1, ignored, not even read from the tape
1 byte fixed value 0x00, ignored, not even read from the tape

Example:

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6/7/24, 3:27 p.m. Casio PB-700 - data formats
48 character 'H'
D0 file type: PROGRAM
50 41 53 53 20 20 20 20 file name: PASS
20 20 20 file name extension
BD BA AB BE FF FF FF FF password: BETA
00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 parameters
F1 checksum
F1 end marker
00 byte 0x00

PROGRAM files

Header of the PROGRAM file

file type 0xD0

parameters+6 the least significant byte of the program length
parameters+7 the most significant byte of the program length

Structure of the PROGRAM data segment

1 byte character 'D' - the data segment identifier

xxxx bytes the BASIC program
1 byte end marker 0xF0

Example:

44
10 00 A3 49 3D 31 B3 34 FE A4 49 FF 10 FOR I=1 TO 4: NEXT I
20 00 A0 31 30 FF 20 GOTO 10
F0

ALL PROGRAMS files (saved with SAVE ALL)

Header of ALL PROGRAMS file

file type 0xC1

Structure of the ALL PROGRAMS data segment

1 byte character 'D' - the data segment identifier

xxxx bytes list of 10 BASIC programs, each program terminated with 0xE0,
an empty program is stored as 0xE0 alone
1 byte end marker 0xF0

Example:

44
00 10 AE FF E0 P0: 1000 PRINT
10 00 A2 FF E0 P1: 10 RETURN
E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0
F0

ASCII PROGRAM files (saved with SAVE,A)

Each BASIC line is stored in a separate data segment.

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Header of the ASCII PROGRAM file

file type 0x30

Structure of the ASCII PROGRAM data segment

1 byte character 'D' - the data segment identifier

1 byte file type = 0x30
1 byte fixed value = 0x00
2 bytes length of the program line, the least significant byte
first, seems to be ignored when loading
xxxx bytes the BASIC line in the form of a string of ASCII characters
terminated by a CR character (code 0x0D)
1 byte checksum - the two's complement of the sum of all preceding
bytes modulo 256 (sum of all bytes + checksum = 00),
ignored, not even read from the tape when loading
1 byte end marker 0xF1, ignored, not even read from the tape
1 byte fixed value 0x00, ignored, not even read from the tape

Example:
280 A$=INKEY$
44 30 00 0F 00 20 32 38 30 20 41 24 3D 49 4E 4B 45 59 24 0D 50 F1 00

Structure of the last ASCII PROGRAM data segment

1 byte character 'D' - the data segment identifier

1 byte file type = 0x30
4 bytes fixed values 0xFF, 0x01, 0x00, 0x0D
1 byte checksum - the two's complement of the sum of all preceding
bytes modulo 256 (sum of all bytes + checksum = 00),
ignored, not even read from the tape when loading
1 byte end marker 0xF1, ignored, not even read from the tape
1 byte fixed value 0x00, ignored, not even read from the tape
1 byte end marker 0xF0, ignored, not even read from the tape

Example:
44 30 FF 01 00 0D 7F F1 00 F0

VARIABLES files (saved with PUT)

Each variable is stored in a separate data segment. No variable names are stored.

Header of the VARIABLES file

file type 0x24

Structure of the VARIABLES data segment

1 byte character 'D' - the data segment identifier

1 byte file type = 0x24
1 byte fixed value = 0x00
2 bytes length of the variable, the least significant byte first,
seems to be ignored when loading
xxxx bytes the contents of the variable in the form of a string of ASCII
characters terminated by a CR character (code 0x0D),
a numerical variable begins with a space (code 0x20)
1 byte checksum - the two's complement of the sum of all preceding
bytes modulo 256 (sum of all bytes + checksum = 00),
ignored, not even read from the tape when loading
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1 byte end marker 0xF1, ignored, not even read from the tape
1 byte fixed value 0x00, ignored, not even read from the tape

Examples:

a string variable containing "PIOTR":

44 24 00 06 00 50 49 4F 54 52 0D F7 F1 00

a numerical variable containing 3.141592654:

44 24 00 0D 00 20 33 2E 31 34 31 35 39 32 36 35 34 0D 28 F1 00

Structure of the last VARIABLES data segment

1 byte character 'D' - the data segment identifier

1 byte file type = 0x24
4 bytes fixed values 0xFF, 0x01, 0x00, 0x0D
1 byte checksum - the two's complement of the sum of all preceding
bytes modulo 256 (sum of all bytes + checksum = 00),
ignored, not even read from the tape when loading
1 byte end marker 0xF1, ignored, not even read from the tape
1 byte fixed value 0x00, ignored, not even read from the tape
1 byte end marker 0xF0, ignored, not even read from the tape

Example:

44 24 FF 01 00 0D 8B F1 00 F0

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