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Ae Exp 8 Student Manual

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51 views

Ae Exp 8 Student Manual

Uploaded by

Asifur R. Himel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment 8 Lab Manual

American International University- Bangladesh


Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Analog Electronics Laboratory

Title: Study of MOSFET Differential Amplifier

Abstract:

The objective of this experiment is to investigate 1) common mode voltage gain and 2)
differential mode voltage gain of the simple differential amplifier using enhancement mode
NMOS transistors.

Introduction:

The MOSFET is by far the most widely used transistor in both digital and analog circuits, and
it is the backbone of modern electronics. One of the most common uses of the MOSFET in
analog circuits is the construction of differential amplifiers. The latter are used as input stages
in op-amps, video amplifiers, high-speed comparators, and many other analog-based circuits.
MOSFET differential amplifiers are used in integrated circuits, such as operational amplifiers,
they provide high input impedance for the input terminals. A properly designed differential
amplifier with its current-mirror biasing stages is made from matched-pair devices to minimize
imbalances from one side of the differential amplifier to the other.

Theory:

The general topology of a differential amplifier is shown below. Two active devices are
connected to a positive voltage supply via passive series elements. The transistors must be a
matched pair (i.e., two matched MOSFETs or two matched BJTs). The "pull up" loads are
similarly matched to each other. The lower terminals of the active devices are connected
together, and a dc current source pulls current down toward the negative voltage bus to affect
the bias. The controlling input ports of the devices are connected to input signals.

Figure 1: General topology of a differential amplifier


Experiment 8 Lab Manual

If the input signals are designated v1 and v2, they can be decomposed into two linear
combinations, one called the differential mode, and the other the common mode. The
differential mode is defined by the following equation:

𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑚 = 𝑣1 − 𝑣2

Similarly, the common mode, equal to the average value of the signals, is defined by:

𝑣1 + 𝑣2
𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑚 =
2

These definitions allow the actual input signals v1 and v2 to be expressed as linear
combinations of their differential and common modes:
𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑚
𝑣1 = 𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑚 +
2
And
𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑚
𝑣2 = 𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑚 −
2

Because the small-signal model of the amplifier is linear, its total response will be equal to the
superposition of its responses to, respectively, the differential and common modes of the input
signals.

Pre-Lab Homework:

Sketch the chip layout and show the wiring connections based on the block diagram and pin
Configuration.

Apparatus:

MOSFET 2N7000 : 2 pc(s)


Opamp 741 : 1 pc(s)
Potentiometer 200Ω : 2 pc(s)
Resistor 100 Ω : 3 pc(s)
Resistor 20 Ω : 1 pc(s)

Precautions:
MOSFETs must be handled with care to avoid damaging them; try to avoid touching the gate
terminal (middle pin) as the static charge on your fingers can be enough to blow the gate
capacitor. When you place the MOSFETs in your bread board, take care to get the drain and
source oriented properly as these discrete MOSFETs do not have interchangeable sources and
drains. If the differential pair is not working properly, double check the correct orientations.
Experiment 8 Lab Manual

Circuit Diagram:

Figure 2: Differential amplifier schematic.

Figure 3: Measurement set-up for differential mode voltage gain.

Experimental Procedure:

1. DC Biasing: Construct the circuit in figure 01. Connect both Vin+ and Vin− to ground
(0 V), and adjust the potentiometer until Ibias about 80 mA. Measure and record VS1 =
VS2, VD1, and VD2.
2. Common mode voltage gain measurement: Connect a 1kHz sinusoidal signal of
500mV(p-p) to both inputs, Vin+ and Vin−. Measure and record Vcm and Vout.

3. Differential voltage gain measurement: Construct the circuit in figure 02. Measure
and record Vin and Vout.

Results:
1. Common mode voltage gain measurement: Compute and record the common mode
gain, Acm = Vout/Vcm.
2. Differential voltage gain measurement: Compute and record the differential mode
gain, Ad =Vout/Vin.
Experiment 8 Lab Manual

Simulation:
Compare the simulation results with your experimental data/ wave shapes and comment on the
differences (if any).

Discussion and Conclusions: Interpret the data/findings and determine the extent to which the
experiment was successful in complying with the goal that was initially set. Discuss any
mistake you might have made while conducting the investigation and describe ways the study
could have been improved.

Reference(s):

1. A.S. Sedra, K.C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Oxford University Press, 5th Edition.
2. Jaeger, R. C., Blalock, T. N., Microelectronic Circuit Design, McGraw-Hill, 2007, Ch. 15
3. Baker, R. J., CMOS: Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation, Third Ed, John Wiley & Sons,
2010, Ch. 5.
4. Hastings, R. A., The Art of Analog Layout, Second Ed., Pearson Prentice Hall, 2006.
5. P. Horowitz, W. Hill, The Art of Electronics, Cambridge University Press
(1989).

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