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MARANDA HIGH SCHOOL

The Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
EXAM 2 FORM 4
233/1 Chemistry (Theory) Paper 1
FEB, 2024 Time: 2 Hours
Name: ………………………………………….…….…… Adm No: ………………

Stream: ……………………….. Signature: ……….......

233/1 Chemistry PP1 - Theory
Monday, 19th Feb, 2024
Mid-Morning
Time: 10.45 am-12.45pm
Instructions to Candidates

a) Write your name and Admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above
c) Answer ALL the questions in the spaces provided below each question.
d) Mathematical tables and silent electronic calculators may be used.
e) All working MUST be clearly shown where necessary.
f) This paper consists of 13 printed pages

For Examiner’s Use Only

Questions Max. Score Candidate’s Score

1 – 27 80

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1.(a) Name the apparatus shown below. (1 mark)

25ml

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(b) Sate one safety measure to be taken while using the apparatus shown. (1 mark)

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(c) State the use of this apparatus in the laboratory. (1 mark)

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2.Two papers A and B were placed at different levels of a non-luminous flame. Paper A was
placed at the lowest part of the flame while B was placed at the tip.

(a) Indicate below the observations made on each paper. (2 marks)

Paper A Paper B

(b) Explain the observations made on paper A. (1 mark)

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3.The PH values of some solutions labeled E to I are given in the table below. Use the

information to answer the questions that follow.

PH 14.0 1.0 8.0 6.5 7.0

Solution E F G H I

(a) Identify the solution with the highest concentration of hydroxide ions. Give a reason for your
answer. (1 mark)
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(b) Which solution can be used as a remedy for acid indigestion in the stomach? (1 mark)

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(c) Which solution would react most vigorously with magnesium metal? (1 mark)

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4.The diagram below represents part of a set-up for preparing and collecting a dry sample of
oxygen gas.

water

Tube

Sodium Peroxide
(a) Complete the diagram. (2 marks)

(b) State one commercial use of oxygen gas. (1 mark)

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5.Study the table and answer the questions that follow. The letters are not actual symbols of the
elements or ion.

Number of
Particle Protons Electrons Neutrons
L 18 18 12
M 17 18 18
N 20 20 20
O 9 9 10
P 19 18 22

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(a) With reasons, choose the letters that represent

(i) A cation. (1 mark)

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(ii) An anion. (1 mark)

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(c) Name the chemical family to which element P belongs to (1 mark)

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6. The graph below represents the solubility curve of a gas in water

Solubility in g/1000 of H2O
water

Temperature 0 (C )

(a) State the conclusion that can be drawn from the curve about the solubility of the gas.
(1 mark)

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(b) The solubility of potassium chlorate at 800C is 40g per 100g of water. What mass of
potassium chlorate will saturate 65g water at 800C. (2 marks)
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7.(a) State Graham’s law of diffusion. (1 mark)

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(b)Two gases L and M have relative densities 1.98 and 2.90 respectively. They diffuse under
similar conditions. If the relative molecular mass of M is 64, determine the relative molecular
mass of L. (2 marks)

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8.Study the diagram below:

(a) Give the most likely identity of metal U. (1 mark)

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(b)State two observations made in the conical flask. (2 marks)

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9.The reversible reaction represented below is for the equilibrium established in the reaction of
hydrogen and iodine.

H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g) , H = -10KJmolˉ¹

(a) State and explain the effect on the equilibrium of decreasing the pressure. (2 marks)

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(b) State the effect on the equilibrium of lowering the temperature. (1 mark)

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10.Metal carbonate was added to 30cm³ of 1M hydrochloric acid in a beaker.

(a) Sketch a graph of volume of carbon(IV)oxide gas against time. (1 mark)

volume of
carbon(IV)
oxide gas

Time in seconds

(b) On the same axis sketch another graph when 2M of the hydrochloric acid is used with the
same mass of the metal carbonate and labeled it R. (1 mark)

(c) State the factor which affect the rate of reaction in this experiment. (1 mark)

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11.A metal A with atomic number 11 burns in chlorine to produce a white solid B.

(a) State the following properties of B.

(i) Solubility. (1 mark)

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(ii) Electrical conductivity. (1 mark)

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(b)Write an equation to show the formation of B. (1 mark)

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12. a) State one observation made when a small piece of sodium metal is put in a trough full of
water. (1 mark)
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b) Write a chemical equation for the reaction. (1 mark)

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13.Study the flow chart below and answer the questions that follow.

Iron

Heat Compound T HCl(aq)

FeCl2 + gas U

Sulphur

(a) Name:
(i) Compound T……………….………………………………………………………...(½ mark)

(ii) Gas U…………………….…………………………………………………………(½ mark)

(b) Give a chemical test that you could use to identify gas U. (1 mark)

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(c) Name a substance that can be used to dry gas U (1 mark)

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14.(a) Name the compounds P and T below.

P - CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 3 (½ mark)

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T - CH 3CHCHCH 3 (½ mark)

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(b) Describe an experiment you would carry out to distinguish T from P. (2 marks)

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15. 12.5 cm3 of a sample of sodium hydroxide was required to neutralize 8.3g of benzoic acid
(C6H5COOH). Calculate the molarity of sodium hydroxide solution. (3 marks)
(C=12,O=16,H=1)
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16.(a) Identify two substances that are reacted to regenerate ammonia gas in the Solvay process

(2marks)

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(b) Write down a balanced chemical equation for the reaction above (1mark)

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17. The figure below was set by a student to investigate the reaction between chlorine gas and
hydrogen sulphide gas:

Chlorine gas

Flask

Hydrogen
sulphide gas

(a) Write an equation for the reaction that took place in the flask (1mark)

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(b) What observation was made in the flask? (1mark)

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(c) What precaution should be taken in carrying out the experiment? (1mark)

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18. Use the cell representation below to answer the questions that follow:-

X(s) /X3+(aq) //W2+(aq) /W(s)

(a) Write the equation for the cell reaction above (1mark)

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(b) If the e.m.f of the cell is 0.30V and E value for W2+/W is -0.44volts, calculate the E for


X3+(aq) /X(s) (2marks)

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19. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
Na+(g) + Cl−(g)
H2
Na+(aq) + Cl−(aq)
Energy
H1
H3

NaCl(s)

Reaction path
a) What does H2 and H3 represent? (2 marks)

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b) Write an expression relating H3 to H1 and H2 (1mark)

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20.During extraction of copper, the ore is first concentrated and roasted to produce copper (I)
sulphide.

(a) Name the ore from which copper is commonly extracted. (1mark)

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(b)Write an equation for the reaction in which copper (I) sulphide is produced by roasting the ore
in air. (1mark)

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(c)Give one use of copper metal. (1mark)

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21. Y grams of a radioactive isotope take 120days to decay to 3.5grams. The half-life period of
the isotope is 20days

(a) Find the initial mass of the isotope (2marks)

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(b) Give one application of radioactivity in agriculture (1mark)

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22. Given the following bond energies.

C–C (347kJ molˉ¹)

C–H (413kJ molˉ¹)

C=C (612kJ molˉ¹)

H–H (435.9kJ molˉ¹)

Calculate the enthalpy change of hydrogenation of ethene. (3 marks)

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23.Describe how a dry sample of copper(II) chloride crystals may be prepared starting with solid
copper metal. (3 marks)

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24.A hydrated salt of copper has the formula CuSO4.nH2O. About 25g of the salt was heated until
all the water evaporated. If the mass of the anhydrous salt is 16.0g. Determine the empirical
formula of the hydrated salt. (Cu = 64, S = 32, O = 16) (3 marks)
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25. The scheme below was used to prepare a cleansing agent. Study it and answer the questions
that follow.
NaOH(aq); Boil
Fat Solution of cleansing
Step I agent and an alcohol

Step II

Solid cleansing agent

i) What name is given to the type of cleansing agent prepared by the method shown in the
scheme? (1 mark)

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ii) Name one chemical substance added in step II (1 mark)
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iii) What is the purpose of adding the chemical substance named in (ii) above? (1 mark)
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26.A current of 4 A was passed through dilute sulphuric (VI) acid for 6 hours and 24 minutes.
Calculate the volume of oxygen gas produced at the anode.
(1F = 96500C, molar gas volume = 24.0dm−3) (3 marks)
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27.The diagram below represents an experiment which was carried out by a student to investigate

the effect of passing an electric current on molten sodium chloride.

(a) Molten sodium chloride is a binary electrolyte. State the meaning of the term binary
electrolyte. (1 mark)
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(b) State one observation made at the anode. (1 mark)

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(c) Show the direction of flow of electrons on the set-up. (1 mark)

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