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Notes - Sec2 Mech 2024

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8 views

Notes - Sec2 Mech 2024

Uploaded by

adenfurtadogaming171
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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(Introduction)

SYSTEM BLOCK
DIAGRAMS
Eg 1: SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT


weight rack and pinion pointer movement

weight added

pointer
movement
Eg 2: SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT


rotary knob screw thread glue stick
movement
glue extrudes

rotary knob
TYPES OF MOTION
(MOVEMENT)
• The four main types of MOTION are:
- linear: straight line motion

- rotary: circular motion

- reciprocating: left and right or up and


down motion along a straight line

- oscillating: left and right motion along an arc


* Arc = part of a circle
LINEAR MOTION
RECIPROCATING MOTION
ROTARY
MOTION
OSCILLATING
MOTION
Mechanism Type 1: Levers
(1) LEVERS
• There are three classes of levers. P
L
FIRST CLASS effort (E)

E
load (L)

E
pivot (P) OR fulcrum

E
Examples of first class levers: Pliers,
scissors, crowbar, pincers, see-saw, P
excavator, soft drink can opening
(1) LEVERS
P
SECOND CLASS
E
L
load (L)
Nutcracker
effort (E)

pivot (P) OR fulcrum

L
E

Examples of second class levers: P


nutcracker, tin opener, hole punch, Wheel barrow

wheel barrow
1) LEVERS
THIRD CLASS load (L) L
(most effort)

effort (E)
P
pivot (P) OR fulcrum

Examples of first class levers: Fishing E

Rod, Skip Loader, Tweezers Human


L P
Elbow, Human Knee, Neck, Spade
LEVERS
• Almost all other mechanisms are somehow
related to Levers

• An easy way of remembering the 3 classes


of levers is:

F L EW
First class Second class Third class
(F)Fulcrum in centre (L)Load in centre (E)Effort in centre
Mechanism Type 2: Pulley (with or without belt)
BELT & PULLEY
BELT & PULLEY

Examples of Belt & Pulley: Drilling


machine, Washing machine,
Conveyor belt, Food mixer, etc
Mechanism Type 3: LINKAGES

Examples of Linkages: Scissor lift, Folding tool


box, Folding gate, Bicycle brakes, Umbrella
Mechanism Type 4: GEARS

• A gear is a circular wheel with a number of teeth around


the circumference.
• Gears may be combined in different ways for
controlling speed, increasing torque or changing the
direction of motion.
gear teeth
GEARS- SPUR GEARS
• Two spur gears meshing together turn in opposite
directions, converting a clockwise rotation into an
anticlockwise rotation.
spur gears

driver gear
driven
gear

Examples of Spur Gear: Printers, correction tape, clocks


GEARS – BEVEL GEAR
• Bevel gears enable the axis of
rotation to be converted through
90º.

bevel
gear

Examples of Bevel Gears: Chuck key, Toys, Clocks,


Many Machines
GEARS – RACK & PINION

• Converts rotary to linear or linear to rotary.


• The pinion is used to move a rack.

pinion

rack

CD Rack
Examples of Rack & Pinion: CD racks, Drilling machine pillar
platform, Car steering wheel, window blinds

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