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Adaptation of Plants

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RowenJoachim
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11 views2 pages

Adaptation of Plants

Uploaded by

RowenJoachim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Four different classes of plants adaptation based on different habitat.

Types Problem faced by Structure Adaptation/role


Halophytes High Leaves Leaves
concentration 1. Thick cuticle and sunken 1. Reduce the rate of
Habitat of salt stomata transpiration
(Mangrove 2. Hyadatode 2. Eliminate excess soil
swamp) Low oxygen 3. Succulent leaves 3. Store water
content

High intensity
of light Root Root
1. Various shapes and 1. Provides support to the
Soft and size plants and prevents plants
muddy soil from being uprooted
2. Pneumatophores 2. Grow vertically upwards
Strong wind above the surface of the
soil for breathing roots
3. Lenticels 3. Enable the exchange of
gases with the atmosphere
Hydrophytes Low oxygen in the Leaves (floating plants) Leaves (floating plants)
water compared to 1. Broad, thin and flat 1. Absorb maximum sunlight
Habitat atmosphere for photosynthesis
(pond/lake) 2. Most stomata found 2. Ensure the stomata are
Lack of support on upper epidermis always open

Leaves (submerged plants) Leaves (submerged plants)


*Aerenchyma 1. Thin and small 1. Increase the TSA/V for
- aeren = air support
- a tissue
which can Stem (floating & submerged) Stem (floating & submerged)
accommodate 1. Has aerenchyma 1. Provide buoyancy for
air tissue support, has more air
- allow plants spaces
to float, 2. Small and hollow 2. Produce air bubble
create
buoyancy Root Root
Fibrous roots Provide a large surface area
Xerophytes Lack of water Leaves, Stem Leaves, Stem
1. Thick, waxy cuticle 1. Reduce water loss through
Habitat High temperature evaporation
(desert) Root Root
Dry condition 1. Grow widely 1. Easy to absorb water and
mineral salt

Thorns Thorns
1. Modified from leaf 1. Reduce TSA exposed to sun
Mesophytes Chapter 1 Form 5
1. Eudicot
Habitat stem
(terrestrial)

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