SOME NICKEL-COPPER

CASTING ALLOYS
—ENGINEERING
PROPERTIES
A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO THE USE
OF NICKEL-CONTAINING ALLOYS
NO 515

~- Nickel
nco Produced by
INCO
Distributed by
NICKEL
INSTITUTE
~~ INSTITUTE
knowledge for a brighter future
SOME NICKEL-COPPER
CASTING ALLOYS
—ENGINEERING PROPERTIES

A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO THE USE

OF NICKEL-CONTAINING ALLOYS
NO 515

Originally, this handbook was published in 1969 by INCO,

The International Nickel Company Inc. Today this company is
part of Vale S.A.
The Nickel Institute republished the handbook in 2021. Despite
the age of this publication the information herein is considered
to be generally valid.
Material presented in the handbook has been prepared for
the general information of the reader and should not be used
or relied on for specific applications without first securing
competent advice.
The Nickel Institute, INCO, their members, staff and consultants
do not represent or warrant its suitability for any general or
specific use and assume no liability or responsibility of any kind
in connection with the information herein.

........................................................................................

Nickel Institute
[email protected]
www.nickelinstitute.org
 Engineering
Properties
of someNickel-Copper
CastingAlloys
One of the most widely used of the wrought There are four types of nickel-copper casting
nickel-copper alloys is the 70/30 Ni-Cu type alloys in commercial use. Nickel-copper alloy
alloy known as alloy 400. The cast modifications 410 and alloy 411 ("welding grade") are usually
exhibit comparable corrosion resistance to that of used in conjunction with wrought counterparts
the wrought alloy in most service environments. and are strong and ductile. They are readily cast
The principal advantages of the 70/30 Ni-Cu into fittings such as elbows, tees, return bends,
alloys are high strength and toughness coupled flanges, etc. Alloy 506 (3% Si) combines high
with excellent resistance to mineral acids, strength and wear resistance. Alloy 505 (4% Si)
organic acids, salt solutions, food acids, strong is employed where wear resistance and excep-
alkalies, some marine environments, etc. tional resistance to galling are needed.

COMPOSITION

The nominal compositions of the nickel-copper positions. The appropriate Military specification
alloys covered in this bulletin are shown in Table (and the corresponding ASTM specification where
I. Table III includes suggested limiting com- available) are included in Table III.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Typical room temperature tensile properties are ages of triplicate determinations from a single
listed in Table II and suggested limiting mechan- melt. After the yield strength had been exceeded,
ical properties in Table IV. It will be noted that the specimens buckled as fixed columns, with
ASTM A296 Grade M35 specification shows a deformation continued until the maximum eccen-
somewhat lower minimum yield strength (30,000 tricity at the middle was about 0.25". No fracture
psi) than the current military specification. occurred.

The compressive properties are listed in Table V. Table VI lists some limited fatigue data for the
In each case, these values, determined according "regular" grade and the high silicon grade,
to ASTM standards, represent rounded-off aver- respectively.

TABLE
NOMINAL COMPOSITION OF SOME NICKEL-COPPER ALLOYs<n

Cb+
Ni(2) Cu C Mn Fe Si s Ta

Nickel-Copper Alloy 410 66 30.5 .20 .80 1.00 1.6 .008 -

Ni ck el-Copper Alloy 411 (3 , 4 l 62 32.5 .20 .80 1.50 1.6 .008 1.3
Ni ck el-Copper Alloy 506 64 30 .10 .80 1.50 3.2 .008 -
Nickel-Copper Alloy 505 64 29 .08 .80 2.00 4.0 .008 -

(l) Values are for normal production but subject to variation tailored to use.

( 2 ) Includes a small amount of Co,

( 3 ) Grade 411 is used instead of 410 where optimum weldability is indicated (as in fabrication welding). Both 410 and 411
alloys respond readily to salvage welding,

( 4 ) It is suggested that Si + Cb = 3.25% minimum to meet 32,500 yield strength,

 TABLE II

RANGES OF TYPICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES< 1 >

Y.S.
•5% Ext. T.S . El. in BHN
Condition ksi ksi 2", % 3000 kg

Nickel-Copper Alloys 410, 411 As Cast 30- 40 65- 85 50-25 125-170

Nickel-Copper Alloy 506 As Cast 50- 95 95-135 15- 5 240-290
Nickel-Copper Alloy 505( 2 > As Cast 80-130 120-145 4- l 275-350
Nickel-Copper Alloy 505( 2 ) Annealed 55- 90 100-125 15- 5 175-270
Nickel-Copper Alloy 505( 2 l Annealed 85-130 120-145 3- l 300-380
+ Aged
(l) For information, See Table IV for suggested limiting values,

( 2 ) Low ductility and cost of specimen preparation (grinding) make routine tensile tests impractical and uneconomical"

TABLE Ill

SUGGESTED LIMITING COMPOSITION(ll

PERCENT BY WEIGHT

Applicable
Ni Cu C Mn Fe s Si p Cb<2 > Specification

Nickel-Copper 62.00 26.00 0.35 1.50 2.50 0.015 2.00 - - QQ-N-288 Comp. A
Alloy 410<3 > to to max. max. max. max. max.
68.00 33.00
(remainder) (3.50) (.025 max.) A-296 Grade M35

Nickel-Copper 60.00 26.00 0.30 1.50 3.50 0.015 1.00 - 1.00 QQ-N-288 Comp. E
Alloy 41 l (3 > min. to max. max. max. max. to to
33.00 2.00 3.00

Nickel-Copper 60.00 27.00 0.25 1.50 2.50 0.015 3.50 - - QQ-N-288 Comp. D
Alloy 505(3) min. to max. max. max. max. to
31.00 4.50

Nickel-Copper 61.00 27.00 0.30 l .50 2.50 0.015 2.70 - - QQ-N-288 Comp. B
Alloy 506( 3 ) to to max. max. max. max. to
68.00 33.00 3.70

(l) Intended for guidance but may be considered suitable for specification purposes. ( ) = refer to deviations relevant to A-296.

( 2 ) Includes a small amount of tantalum.

(3 ) Some U.S. Military and Federal Specifications show a value of 0.50 max. for aluminum in Nickel-Copper alloy castings. De•
terminations of aluminum are not normally made or reported unless agreed upon.

2
 TABLE IV

SUGGESTED LIMITING MECHANICAL PROPERTIEs< 1, 2 >

Y.S.
•5% Ext. T.S . El. in BHN
Condition psi Min. psi Min, .. 2", % Min. 3000 kg

Nickel-Copper Alloys 410, 411 As Cast 32,500 65,000 25 120 to 170*

(30,000)( 3)

Nickel-Copper Alloy 505 As Cast Not required Not requ i red Not required 275 min.

Nickel-Copper Alloy 505 Annealed Not required Not required Not required 270max.

Nickel-Copper Alloy 505 Annealed Not required Not required Not required 300 min.
+ Aged
Nickel-Copper Alloy 506 As Cast 60,000 100,000 10 240 to 290*

(l) Intended for guidance but may be considered suitable for specification purposes.

( 2 ) Tensile properties based on machined 0.505 inch diameter specimen, ASTM E-8 prepared from cast bars per standard
cast test specimen.

( 3 ) Value in ( ) is ASTM A-296 Grade M35 minimum yield strength requirement. When adequate weldability is stipulated,
silicon may have to be lowered, in which case ASTM A-296 Grade M35 specification permits use of a minimum re-
quired yield strength of 26,000.
* Hardness values shown with asterisk are for information only.

TABLE V
COMPRESSIVE PROPERTIES OF CAST NICKEL-COPPER ALLOYS

Y.S. Y.S. Y.S .

.0% Offset, . 01% Offset, .02% Offset, BHN
Condition psi psi psi 3000 kg

Nickel-Copper Alloy 410(a) As Cast 19,000 23,000 29,000 135

Nickel-Copper Alloy 505 As Cast 65,000 80,000 111,000 340

Nickel-Copper Alloy 505 Annealed 30,000 41,000 61,000 180

Nickel-Copper Alloy 505 Annealed 67,000 91,000 125,000 380

+ Age-
Hardened

(a) Corresponding tensile properties: Yield strength (0.2% offset) - 35,000 psi
Tensile strength - 84,000 psi
Elongation in 2 inches - 45%

3
Cryogenic temperatures have little effect on the The effect of variation in copper and silicon on
properties of nickel-copper alloys since they are the properties of cast nickel-copper alloy 410 is
face centered cubic and have no ductile-to- shown in Figure 1. It will be noted that silicon is
brittle transition temperature. In fact, as a gen- an effective strengthener of the nickel-copper
eral rule, the strength properties improve at alloys and, in general, the higher copper con-
cryogenic temperatures, with little loss in ductil- tent alloys (32%) respond to the effect of silicon
ity. Table VII shows retention of good toughness somewhat more sharply than the lower copper
in alloy 410 as measured by vee-notch impact alloys (28%). This would be expected since the
tests to temperatures at least as low as -320°F. solubility of silicon in the matrix decreases with
increasing copper content. In the range of com-
Table VIII shows the hot hardness of the regular position covered by alloy 410 and alloy 411, the
and the high silicon grades of cast nickel-copper ductility is of the order of about 20% to 40%.
alloys. It will be noted that the hardness of these However, at the silicon levels employed for the
alloys is substantially retained up to about gall-resistant alloy SOS, the ductility is quite
1100°F. low - of the order of a few per cent.

TABLE VI
ENDURANCE LIMIT OF CAST NICKEL-COPPER ALLOYS

Endurance
Limit Endurance
(10 8 cycles) Ratio

Nickel-Copper Alloy 410 (As Cast) 17,500psi 0.2 (a)

Nickel-Copper Alloy 505 (As Cast) 21,000 psi 0. 17 (b)

(a) Based on material having average tensile strength of 87,250 psi.

(b) Based on material having average lensi le strength of 125,000 psi.

TABLE VII
IMPACT STRENGTH
CHARPY V-NOTCH, FT-LB
Temperature, °F

Room -110 -210 -320

Nickel-Copper Alloy 410 32 31 28 25

TABLE VIII
HOT HARDNESS
BRINELL HARDNESS OF CAST ALLOYS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
Temperature, °F
Room 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
Nickel-Copper Alloy 410 108 108 108 106 104 103 97 92

Nickel-Copper Alloy 505(1l 248 248 247 242 246 255 250 240

Nickel-Copper Alloy 505(2 l 365 365 363 358 352 345 325 280

(l) Annealed ( 2 ) Annealed and aged

4
 180
PHYSICALCONSTANTS

Table IX lists the physical constants for the four 160 300
grades of casting composition covered in the
bulletin. Figures 2 and 3 show data on the
coefficient of expansion from room temperature to 140 /
,,,- ---
/
about U00°F for alloy 410 and alloy SOS. I
I
I 2
120 32% Cu/ 100
Ultimate Tensile Strength /
.[
RESISTANCETO WEARAND GALLING 0
I
0
Q 100 0

Although alloys 410 and 411 are usable in appli- !

u, //
cations that call for some ability to resist wear /
80 60
and galling, the higher silicon versions identified
as alloys 505 and 506 are much more suitable. Of
the latter two, alloy 505 is the more resistant to 60 40
_,..
galling. The enhanced resistance to wear and
C

galling is derived from the presence of hard

40 20
t:!
silicides, providing a bearing surface embedded .Q
w
in a softer matrix.
20
0 2 3 4
Silicon Content,%,

Fig. 1. Effect of Copper and Silicon on Pro-

perties of CastN ickel-Copper 410 Type Alloy.

15.0..-----------,,------,---- .......
----.,.....----,

-----
.S
Instantaneous '-
Coefficient> 0.010 ~
R
----- -7 E
Mean Coefficient/' e
4-
from 70 F
0.005 -~
C
0
Q.
><
w
.l:'
0 ·00..___""--2""'0-0___ 4_0._o
____ s_...o_o
___ s_o.._0
____ 10·0-0
___ 00 ~
1..,2g§

Temperature, F

Fig. 2. Thermal Expansion of Nickel-Copper Alloy 410, As Cast.

15.0-----,----.....------.----.------.---- ....

C
0
·.;; C:
~t10.o 0.010 LC
~8 R
o, u...
4-
E
+-
c•- C
Mean Coefficient
from70 F
.g
"''
:~.~ 5.0 0.005 ·.;;
§
4-
4- C
Cl.> 0
0 Q.
u ><
w
.l:'
0.01---,c:::;;_-1. ____ ~---...L..------l----...l...----' 0.000 i£
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Temperature, F

Fig. 3. Thermal Expansion of Nickel-Copper Alloy 505, As Cast.

5
Figure 4 shows curves depicting the comparative is based on actual field experience over a long
wear resistance of alloy 505 and alloy 506 with time span. Goulds Pumps point out that the pos-
reference to normalized AISI 3140* steel and a sibility of galvanic corrosion due to the com-
gall-resistant overlay material of the nickel- bination of materials and environment in addition
chromium-iron-boron type. The data of this figure to gall resistance must be weighed in proper
show the results of accelerated wear tests in selection of materials.
whichthesematerials wererun against themselves
using disc type specimans, with an initial break-
in period of 24 hours at 18,000 to 20,000 psi
bearing stress. After determining the average ANNEALINGAND AGE HARDENING
loss in diameter of the discs, the tests were
continued for one hour at each of several sue-' The high silicon nickel-copper alloy 505 is very
cessively higher loads until excessive wear or hard in the as-cast condition. The alloy may be
galling began. softened somewhat by annealing, in which condi-
tion it can be machined more readily, and after
A somewhat more direct comparison is that shown which the hardness can be restored by a simple
in Table X provided by Goulds Pumps, Inc. and aging treatment.

*Discontinued type; .40% C low alloy nickel-chromium

steel.

0.006,-----r----..-----..-----..----..-----.

.,,
"'.c"'
g~ 0.004
"'.,,-
...
>.,,
<( 0
.,..J
> ...
t-t
:i E 0.002
Ee
:,,-
uo
Ni-Cr-Fe-8
0verla

30 40 50 60 70 80
Bearing Stress, 1000 psi

Fig. 4. Comparative Wear Resistance of Cast Nickel-

Copper Alloys 505 and 506. (Oil Lubrication)

* Discontinued grade; .40% C low alloy nickel-chromium steel.

TABLE IX
PHYSICALCONSTANTS
Electrical Thermal Mean Co-
Specific Resistivity, Conductivity, efficient Modulus of
Density BTU/ft,2/ of Thermal Elasticity
Melting Pouring Heat, ohms/
gms./ lb/ Range Temp. cal./gm circul or h,/°F/in. Expansion 1, in Tension,
3 . 3 OF OF (80-7S0°F) in./in./°Fxl0 6 psi X 106
cm. (70-212°F)
'"· mil ft,

Nickel-Copper
Alloys
410,411 8.63 0.312 2400·24502700-2900 0.13 320 186 9.2(70-1100°F) 23
Nickel-Copper
Alloy
505 8.36 0.302 2250-23502500-2800 0.13 380 136 8.9(70-1100°F) 24
Nickel-Copper
Alloy
506 8.48 0.305 2350-24002650-2900 0.13 370 145 8.9(70-1100°F) 24

6
 TABLE X
GALL RESISTANCEOF MATERIAL COMBINATIONS

:; "' ::1
0 0
"' .:: 1! 11:1

" e ·.;
0
M ill R ~~ ii :c
D
<
"' ....0"'
!>.:
0"'
0 >- >- >- -
...
" ..
~
,:. =
0
-< <-
0 0
!"
ii
.. ! ii ~ u 0
-·
.. ..
>- >- >-
.2 .2 ..!!
<<< E
<
E "'..
.. ....., c·a" " "'
E
~ ~
"'
:;- :< ? fl
.. "
0

~
>- >-
..2 .2
< ...
->- <>- >-
0 0
C ·;;; ~ ~ ~
e Q.
e ·e c" c
0 0

... !:. e z"

>-
C It:
;; ;;
a.
Q.
" ·-
a. e
Q.
Q.
~

Q.
C

~
N
~
N
e e ·s ..
ill ill
·5
2 2
~
" "
-,:,
0
N
C
N
C
N

e e " 0..J
C
ID

N 0 ! -
0 D
w
"' .,, a: !::
.c .c " 0 C
0 0 ..J ..J
C
e " .. ."
1ii
u ·;;; y y y0
""ii lj ~
-
~
4)
N
0
M
.; ii ..,.
y y
ii ..,.
ii
~
.!
;; S! S! N C,
;; ;;
~ 0
0
0
0 -11:1 11:1 11:1 e ..J
~

" .. " " 11:1 wI- w w

..J
..J
..J
" e" ..J..J
z " > " " < I- I-
1ii ~ u u -¥
u
-¥
u
-¥
u
-¥
u u u u u 0"' 0"' 0"' w w
..:,: -¥
2 .!. ~ ~
C
"' "'
< "' j e w
u" ~
"' z ~
0 0
~
zz zz z z z z 0....0.... 0M < < 11:1z z z z
"' "'
< :c
:c
< .c
:c z u I-
"'
CastIron s s s s s ss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s s s s s s
3%Ni CastIron s s s s s s s ss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s s s s s s
Ni-Resist(Type1, 2) s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s s s s s s
DuctileIron s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s s s s s s
DuctileNi-Resist s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s s s s s s
Nickel-Copper Alloy505 s s s s s F F s s s
F+ S s F s F F s s F5 s s
F f+ S s s s s
Nickel-Copper Alloy K-500 s s s s s F N F F N ss s F F N N F s F S s
F- F F s s s s
Nickel-Copper Alloy400 s s s s s N N F N F F N s N F N N F s F S s
F- N F s s F S
Nickel-Copper Alloy506 s s s s s F F F F F F N s N F N N F s F S s
F- N F s s s s
Nickel-Aluminum Alloy301 s s s s s F N F F s s N s N F N N F s F S S s- F F s s s s
Nickel213 2 s s s s s s F F S s F F s F s F F s s s s s s s-s s s s s
Nickel3052 s s s s s F F F s FS Fs F s F F s s s s s s s-s s s s s
Nickel-Chromium Alloy600 s s s s s N N N N F F N F N F N N F s F s s F· N F S s s s
Nickel-Chromium Alloy7053 s s s s s s s s s s s Fs F s F F s s ss s s s s s s s s
400Series
StainlessSteel(Soft) s s s s s F N N N F F N F N F F N F s F s s F- N F s F F s
400Series
StainlessSteel(Hard) s ss s s F F F F s s F s F s F s s s s s s ~ F s s s s s
300Series
StainlessSteel s ss s s N N N N F F N F F F N N F s F s s F- N F s s s s
SAE1000to 6000
Steel(Soft) s s s s s NN N N F F N F N s N N s s s s s F+ N F S s s s
SAE1000to 6000
SteeI (Hard) s s s s s F F F F S s FS F s FSs s ss s s F s s s s s
Bronze (Leaded) 5 s s s s s s s s s ss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s S S s ss 5 5

Ni-VeeBronze"A" 4 s s s s s F F F F s s F s F s F s s s F s s F F S S F! S s
Ni-VeeBronze"B" s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s sF s sFSs s s ss
Ni-VeeBronze"D" s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s ss s s s s s s s s s
Ni-AIBronze 6 s s s s s F- F- F- F- S s F- S F· f+ F- fi s s F PS N F- F+ S F S s
HASTELLOY 1 AlloysA, B s s s s s F N N F S- s- N S N F N N F S F s s F- N F S s s s
HASTELLOY AlloyC s s s s s F F F F S s F s F S F F S s s s s PF F S s s s
HASTELLOY Alloy D s s s s s s s s ss s s s ss s s s s s s s s s s ss s s
Nitrided s s s s s s s s ss s s s F s s s s s F $ s F s s s s s s 5

Chrome Plate7 s s s s s s s s ss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s ?7 s
STELLITEt s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
DEGREE OF RESISTANCE: S-SATISFACTORY F-FAIR N-LITTLE OR NONE COURTESY OF GOULDS PUMPS, INC,

1 Trademark of Union Carbide Corporation 5 Leaded Bronze - 85-5-5-5 or 80-10-10, Hard materials might
2 Nickel 213 and Nickel 305 have better gall resistance 0 bite 11 into softer bronzes.
than
Nickel 210, Both are comparable in gall resistance but
Nickel 305 will stand heavier loads, 6 Nickel-aluminum-bronze is generally somewhat inferior to
3 Nickel-chromium Ni-Vee "A" in gall resistance and coefficient of friction,
alloy 705 is superior to Nickel 305 and but will stand heavier loads in slower motion,
nickel-copper alloy 505 in gall resistance.
4 The Ni-Vee bronzes are 5% nickel, 5% tin, cast and heat- 7 Chromium plate varies greatly in gall resistance, To be its
treatable, similar in balance of composition to the 88-10-2 best it must be backed up by hard material and the plating
Cu Sn Zn type, A. No lead B, 1% lead D. 10% lead must bond well to the backing,

7
Annealing is accomplished by heating at 1650°F 505 in these conditions, it is often advisable to
for about one hour per inch of section thickness, anneal before machining, particularly if extensive
then oil quenching. For sections over three machining is done on a production basis. Harden-
inches in thickness, it may be necessary to in- ing can be accomplished after machining.
crease the soaking time. The maximum degree of
softening is obtained by this direct quenching High speed steel, cemented carbide, or cast non-
technique but it is apt to result in quenching ferrous cutting tools may be used.
cracks in complicated castings. A delayed quench
may be used to avoid cracking. This is done by
furnace cooling as rapidly as possible fr.om the JOIHIHG
annealing temperature of 1650°F down to 1350°F,
holding until at thermal equilibrium, and then oil Alloy 410 castings, properly made, can be readily
quenching. If "rapid" furnace cooling is not repair welded or salvage welded using covered
feasible, the castings can be transferred to electrode and inert gas tungsten arc processes.
another furnace already at 1350°F, brought to However, where a considerable amount of welding
equilibrium and then quenched. is required, as in fabrication welding (e.g., weld-
ing type fittings), nickel- copper alloy 411
In annealing particularly complicated castings in ("weldable grade") should be used. The same
alloy 505, it may be necessary to bring them to welding processes used on alloy 410 are appli-
temperature slowly to avoid cracking. The cast- cable to alloy 411.
ings should be charged into a furnace held below
600°F which is then brought up to 1650°F, soaked Cleanliness is basic to any welding operation on
and delay quenched in oil. nickel and nickel alloy castings. In addition to
the cleanliness requirements for wrought nickel
Annealed castings are age hardened by placing alloys, the casting skin must be removed from the
in a furnace held at 600°F and heating slowly to areas to be welded, This may be done by rough
1100°F, holding at temperature for 4 to 6 hours, grinding or machining. Dirt or sand inclusions in
and air cooling. Furnace cooling is also accepta- the skin will hamper welding.
ble and may yield slightly higher hardness.
If it is desired to peen welds, a round nose tool
When heating nickel and the high nickel alloys, should be used with moderate blows. However,
it is important to avoid sulfur contamination in the yield point of nickel and nickel alloy welds
the fuel or furnace atmosphere. Where oil is used on castings is sufficiently low so that residual
for fuel, it should not contain more then .5% S stresses following welding do not offer too much
maximum. Where gas is the fuel, it must not con- of a problem and peening is not often employed.
tain more than 30 and preferably should not con-
tain more than 15 grains of total sulfur per 100 cu. Alloys 505 and 506 are not considered "weld-
ft. of gas. able" by normal procedures. They can be brazed
or soldered, as can alloy 410 and alloy 411.

All fluxes and slags must be completely removed

MACHIHIHG after joining if parts are to be exposed to ele-
vated temperatures. Severe corrosive attack may
Nickel-copper alloy 410 and alloy 411 can be occur if this precaution is neglected.
machined in the cast condition at the speeds
shown in Table XI.
CASTIHG FORMS
When only a limited amount of machining is
necessary, nickel-copper alloy 505 can be The Ni-Cu alloys can be cast using all of the
machined in the as-cast or aged conditions. commonly accepted techniques such as sand,
However, because of the high hardness of alloy shell, centrifugal, etc.

8
 TABLE XI

SPEEDS FOR MAOIINING

SURFACE SPEEDS, FEET PER MINUTE

High SpeedSteel Tools CementedCarbide Tools

Threading
Turning<O Milling<2 > Drilling(3) or Tapping Turning<l)

Nickel-Copper Alloys 410, 411 40-50 40-50 40-70 15-25 130-225

Nickel-Copper Alloy 505 (Annealed) 25-35 25-35 25-35 10-15 70-130

Nickel-Copper Alloy 505 15-25 15-25 10-20 8-12 50-100

(As Cast or Age-Hardened)<4 >

Nickel-Copper Alloy 506 25-40 25-35 40-60 10-20 90-180

Operating speeds for rough cuts should be on the low side of the indicated speed range.
Speeds for light finishing cuts should be near the high side of the range.
Speeds cited for high speed tools can be increased about 20% when machining with castnonferroustools.

(1) Roughing feeds are on the order of 0,010 to 0.015". Finishing feeds commensurate with desired finish, For baring, decrease
these speeds 25%.

(2 ) Use feeds 0,003 to 0,008" per cutter tooth,

( 3 ) Use feeds commensurate with drill diameter: 1/16" to 1/4" diameter drills• 0.001 to 0.003" feed; 1/4" to 1/2" diameter
drills• 0.003 to 0,005" feed and 0,005 to 0;008" feed for larger diameter drills. Keep the feed for drilling nickel•copper
alloy 505 on the low side of the indicated feed.

(4 ) For machining castings in the age•hardened condition, use operating speeds on the low side of specified speed range.