Unit

17 Have you ever... ? (present perfect 3)

Have you been
to Rome? Yes, I have.
Many times.

Have you ever

been to Japan? No, I've never
been to Japan.

We use the present perfect (have been / have had / have played etc.) when we talk about a time from
the past until now - for example, a persons life:

Have you ever been to Japan?

— time from the past until now -

past now

O 'Have you been to France?' 'No, I haven't.'

O I've been to Canada, but I haven't been to the United States.
O Mary is an interesting person. She has had many different jobs and has lived in many places.
O I've seen that woman before, but I can't remember where.
O How many times has Brazil won the W orld Cup?
O 'Have you read this book?' 'Yes, I've read it twice.' (twice = two times)

present perfect + ever (in questions) and never:

O 'Has Ann ever been to Australia?' 'Yes, once.' (once = one time)
O 'Have you ever played golf?' 'Yes, I play a lot.'
O My sister has never travelled by plane.
O I've never ridden a horse.
O 'W ho is that man?' 'I don't know. I've never seen him before.'

gone and been

two weeks later

, Ben. ^

Hi. I've been

on holiday. I've
been to Spain.
BEN

Ben has gone to Spain. Ben has been to Spain.

(= he is in Spain now) (= he went to Spain, but now he is back)

Compare:
O I can't find Susan. Where has she gone? (= where is she now?)
O Oh, hello Susan! I was looking for you. Where have you been?

44 ( present perfect 4 Units 15-16,18 present perfect and past simple 4 Unit 20
Exercises
You are asking Helen questions beginning Have you e v e r... ? Write the questions.

Helen

1 (be / London?) Have you ever ^ No, never.

2 (play/golf?) Have you.ever played j o l f ? ........... Yes, many times.
3 (be / Australia?) H ave.................................................................. Yes, once.
4 (lose / your passport?) No, never.
5 (fly / in a helicopter?) Yes, a few times.
6 (win / a race?) No, never.
7 (be / New York?) Yes, twice.
8 (drive / a bus?) No, never.
9 (break / your leg?) Yes, once.

Write sentences about Helen. (Look at her answers in Exercise 17.1.)

1 (be / New York) S t e 's bean, to Naw York tw ice ........................................
2 (be / Australia) S h e ...........................................................................................................
3 (win / a race) ........................................................................................................................
4 (fly / in a helicopter) ........................................................................................................

Now write about yourself. How often have you done these things?
5 (be / New York) I ...........................................................................................................
6 (play / tennis) ...................................................................................................................
7 (drive / a lorry) ................................................................................................................
8 (be / late for work or school) .................................................................................

Mary is 65 years old. She has had an interesting life. What has she done?
Jvum
11aVv be all over the world a lot of interesting things
do write many different jobs a lot of interesting people
travel meet ten books married three times
Mary

1 Sh e has. had. m anydifferentj'pbs..

2 She...................................................................
3 ..................................................................................
4 ...........................................................................
5 .....................................................................
6 ........................................................................

| Write gone or been.

1 Ben is on holiday at the moment. He's gone to Spain.
2 'Have you e ve r..................................... to Mexico?' 'No, never.'
3 M y parents aren't at home at the moment. They've ..................................... out.
4 There's a new restaurant in town. Have y o u ........................................ to it?
5 Rebecca loves Paris. She's........................................ there many times.
6 Helen was here earlier, but I think she's.........................................now.
7 'Where's Jessica?' 'She's not in the office. I think she's.........................................home.'
8 Hello, Sue. I was looking for you. Where have y o u .......................................?

-> Additional exercises 16,18 (pages 258-60)

Unit
18 How long have you ... ? (present perfect 4)

Helen is on holiday in Ireland.

She is there now.

She arrived in Ireland on Monday.

Today is Thursday.

How long has she been in Ireland?

since Monday.
She has been in Ireland
for three days.

Compare is and has been:

She is in Ireland is = present

now.

since Monday,
She has been in Ireland has been = present perfect
for three days.

Monday now
Thursday

Compare:

present simple present perfect simple (have been / have lived / have known etc.)

Dan and Kate are married. They have been married for five years.
(not They are married for five years.)
Are you married? How long have you been married?
(not How long are you married?)
Do you know Lisa? How long have you known her?
(not How long do you know her?)
I know Lisa. I've known her for a long time.
(not I know her f o r ...)
Vicky lives in London. How long has she lived in London?
She has lived there all her life.
I have a car. How long have you had your car?
I've had it since April.

present continuous present perfect continuous (have been + -ing)

I'm learning German. How long have you been learning German?
(not How long are you learning German?)
I've been learning German for two years.
David is watching TV. How long has he been watching TV?
He's been (= He has been) watching T V since 5 o'clock.
It's raining. It's been (= It has been) raining all day.

( for and since 4 Units 19,104

Exercises
I Q ) Complete these sentences.
1 Helen is in Ireland S h e has been in Ireland since Monday.
2 I know Lisa. I have known her for a long time.
3 Sarah and Andy are married. T h e y ................................................................ married since 2005.
4 Ben is ill. H e ................................................................ ill for the last few days.
5 We live in Scott Road. W e ................................................................there for a long time.
6 Catherine works in a bank. S h e ................................................................there for five years.
7 Alan has a headache. H e a headache since he got up this morning.
8 I'm learning English. I ................................................................ English for six months.

< f g j Make questions with How lo n g .

lo o k at the pictures and complete the sentences with:

for ten minutes all day all her life

for ten years since he was 20 since Sunday

1 Thay have.been marrjed.for.i^nyears...............................................................................................

2 S h e ....................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 T h e y .................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 The su n ..........................................................................................................................................................................................
5 S h e ....................................................................................................................................................................................................
6 H e ......................................................................................................................................................................................................

w h ic h is right?
1 M ark liv e s / has lived in Canada since April, ( has lived is right)
2 Jane and I are friends. I know / I've known her very well.
3 Jane and I are friends. I know / I've known her for a long time.
4 a: Sorry I'm late. How long are you waiting/ have you been waiting?
b: Not long. Only five minutes.
5 Luke works / has worked in a hotel now. He likes his job a lot.
6 Ruth is reading a newspaper. She is reading / She has been reading it for two hours.
7 'How long do you live / have you lived in this house?' A bout ten years.'
8 'Is that a new coat?' 'No, I have / I've had this coat for a long time.'
9 Tom is / has been in Spain at the moment. He is / He has been there for the last three days.