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16 views

Recovered PDF File

Uploaded by

hamoodhesham35
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Autotronics Technology Program

Course Title: Thermodynamics


Academic Year: 2020-2021

Sheet #3
Heat and Work
1. The volume of air changes from 100 liters to 250 liters when it expands under a constant
pressure of 10 bar. Draw the pressure- volume diagram for the process and determine the
work done during the process.

2. Determine the work done when the pressure of a gas in a rigid cylinder of volume 0.15 m3
is increased from 1.5 bar to 5 bar, Draw the P-V diagram for the process.

3. A cylinder is fitted with a piston contains 1.5 kg of dry saturated at a pressure of 7 bar. The
steam is heated until the temperature is 260 ºC. During this process, the pressure remains
constant. Calculate the work done during the heating process.

4. Air at a pressure of 1 bar and volume 0.6 m3 is compressed to a volume of 0.2 m3 is such a
way that PV = constant. Find the work done on the system during the process and the final
pressure.

5. A mass of 5 kg of air at 150 kPa and 15 C is contained in a gas-tight, frictionless piston-


cylinder device. The air is now compressed to a final pressure of 600 kPa. During the
process, heat is transferred from the air such that the temperature inside the cylinder
remains constant. Calculate the work input during this process.

6. A gas expands in a cylinder from a volume of 0.18 m3 and a pressure of 5 kgf/cm2 to a


volume of 0.36 m3 according to the law PV1.2= C. Calculate the final pressure and the work
done.

7. An engine cylinder has a piston of area 0.1 m2 and contains gas at a pressure of 1200 kN/m2.
The gas expands according to a process which is represented by a straight line on a P-V
diagram. The final pressure is 120 kN/m2. Calculate the work done by the gas on the piston
if the stroke is 0.25 m.

8. A vertical cylinder fitted with a weighted piston contains air and the pressure required to
support the piston is found to be 1.5 kgf/cm2. Determine the work done by the system in
kgf.m and kJ when the cylinder is heated is such a manner that the volume changes from
0.17 m3 to 0.5 m3.

9. 1 m3 of saturated liquid water at 200 ºC is expanded isothermally in a closed system until


its quality is 80 percent. Determine the total work produced by this expansion, in kJ.
Autotronics Technology Program
Course Title: Thermodynamics
Academic Year: 2020-2021
10. Water initially at 200 kPa and 300 ºC is contained in a piston-cylinder device fitted with
stops. The water is allowed to cool at constant pressure until it exists as a saturated vapor
and the piston rests on the stops. Then the water continues to cool until the pressure is 100
kPa. On the T-v diagrams sketch, with respect to the saturation lines, the process curves
passing through both the initial, intermediate, and final states of the water. Label the T, P
and v values for end states on the process curves. Find
a) The overall change in internal energy per unit mass of water, and
b) The total work done between the initial and final states per unit mass of water.

11. A piston cylinder device contains 0.05 m3 of a gas initially at 200 kPa at this state, a linear
spring that has a spring constant of 150 kN/m is touching the piston but exerting no force
on it. Now heat is transferred to the gas causing the piston to rise and to compress the spring
until the volume inside the cylinder doubles. If the cross-sectional area of the cylinder is
0.25 m2 determine:
a. The final pressure inside the cylinder,
b. The total work done by the gas and
c. The fraction of this work done against the sprig to compress it also find
the work exerted against the piston weight.

12. In a piston-cylinder arrangement 1 kg of air at a pressure of 1 kgf/cm2 and volume of 0.2


m3 expands under constant pressure to a volume of 0.8 m3; it then under goes a constant
volume process is such a manner that a change in the air pressure has been occurred after
which the air is compressed according to the law PV = constant until the air returns to its
initial state. Represent the cycle on the diagram and determine the net work done by the
system.

13. Determine the torque applied to the shaft of a car that transmits 450 hp and rotates at a rate
of 3000 rpm

14. A storage battery is well insulated (thermally) while it is being charged. The charging
voltage is 12.3 V (volts) and the current is 24 A (amperes). Considering the storage battery
as the system, what are the heat transfer and work in 15-minute period?

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