Question 16.

The equation of a line that passes through the points (1, 5) and (2, 3) is
(A) 2x + y – 7 = 0
(B) 2x – y – 7 = 0
(C) x + 2y – 7 = 0
(D) 2x + y + 7 = 0
Answer:
(A) 2x + y – 7 = 0
Explanation:
We know that the equation of a line passes through two points (x1, y1) and (x2,
y2) is y−y1x−x1=y2−y1x2−x1
(x1, y1) = (1, 5)
(x2, y2) = (2, 3)
Now, substitute the values in the formula, we get
y−5x−1=3−52−1
⇒ y−5x−1=−21
⇒ y – 5 = -2(x – 1)
⇒ y – 5 = -2x + 2
⇒ 2x + y – 5 – 2 = 0
⇒ 2x + y – 7 = 0
Therefore, the equation of a line that passes through the points (1, 5) and (2,
3) is 2x + y – 7 = 0.

Question 17.
The eccentricity of a hyperbola is
(A) e = 1
(B) e > 1
(C) e < 1
(D) 0 < e < 1
Answer:
(B) e > 1
Explanation:
The eccentricity of a hyperbola is greater than 1. (i.e.,) e > 1.

Question 18.
Which one is a measure of the dispersion method?
(A) Standard Deviation, Median, Range
(B) Standard Deviation, Mode, Range
(C) Standard Deviation, Variance, Range
(D) Mean, Mode, Median
Answer:
(C) Standard Deviation, Variance, Range
Explanation:
Standard Deviation, Variance, and Range are measures of dispersion but the
Mean, Mode, and Median are the measures of central tendency.

Assertion-Reason Based Questions

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a
statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct answer out of the following
choices.

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true.

Question 19.
Assertion (A): Derivative of f(x) = 2 is zero.
Reason (R): Differentiation of a constant function is zero.
Answer:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation:
Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion.

Question 20.
Assertion (A): In tossing a coin, the exhaustive number of cases is 2.
Reason (R): If a pair of dice is thrown, then the exhaustive number of cases is
6 × 6 = 36.
Answer:
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation:
Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.

Section – B

[This section comprises very short answer-type questions (VSA) of 2 marks

each]

Question 21.
Let A and B be two events such that P(A) = 0.3 and P(A ∪ B) = 0.8, find P(B)
if P(A ∩ B) = P(A).P(B).
OR
The variance of 10 observations is 16 and their mean is 12. If each
observation is multiplied by 4, what are the new mean and the new variance?
Answer:
Given, P(A) = 0.3, P(A ∪ B) = 0.8
We know P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A ∩ B)
⇒ P(A ∪ B) = 0.3 + P(B) – P(A).P(B)
⇒ 0.8 = 0.3 + P(B) – 0.3 P(B)
⇒ 0.7 P(B) = 0.5
⇒ P(B) = 57
OR
Given, N = 10, σ2 = 16 and x¯ = 12
Let the new mean be x¯ and the new variance be σ21.
We know,

∴ New mean = 48 and new variance = 256.

Question 22.
Evaluate: limx→01−cos2xx2
Answer:

Question 23.
Find the number of terms in the A.P. 7, 10, 13, …. 31.
OR
If a, b, c are in G.P., then show that a2 + b2, ab + bc, b2 + c2 are also in G.P.
Answer:
Given A.P. is 7, 10, 13,…. 31
Here, a = 7, l = 31 and d = 3
Using formula, l = a + (n – 1)d
⇒ 31 = 7 + (n – 1)3
⇒ 31 – 7 = 3n – 3
⇒ 24 + 3 = 3n
⇒n=9
OR
Given that, a, b, c are in G.P.
⇒ b2 = ac
⇒ b2 – ac = 0
⇒ (b2 – ac)2 = 0
⇒ b4 + a2c2 – 2b2ac = 0
⇒ 2b2ac = b4 + a2c2
⇒ a2b2 + b2c2 + 2b2ac = a2b2 + b2c2 + a2c2 + b4 (Adding a2b2 + b2c2 both
sides)
⇒ (ab + bc)2 = (a2 + b2)(b2 + c2)
⇒ a2 + b2, ab + bc, b2 + c2 are in G.P.
Hence Proved.

Question 24.
From a class of 40 students, in how many ways can five students be chosen
for an excursion party?
Answer:
From a class of 40 students, five students can be chosen for an excursion
party in 40C5 ways.

Question 25.
If A and B are finite sets such that n(A) = 5 and n(B) = 7, then find the number
of functions from A to B.
Answer:
Given, n(A) = 5 and n(B) = 7
We know that, if n(A) = p and n(B) = q,
then number of functions from A to B = qp
∴ Number of functions from A to B = 75

Section – C

[This section comprises short answer type questions (SA) of 3 marks each]

Question 26.
On the real number line, if A = [0, 3] and B = [2, 6], then find the following:
(i) A’
(ii) A ∪ B
(iii) A ∩ B
(iv) A – B
Answer:
Given, A = [0, 3] and B = [2, 6]
(i) A’ = (-∞, 0) ∪ (3, ∞)
(ii) A ∪ B = [0, 3] ∪ [2, 6] = [0, 6]
(iii) A ∩ B = [0, 3] ∩ [2, 6] = [2, 3]
(iv) A – B = [0, 3] – [2, 6] = [0, 2)

Question 27.
Prove that: tan 13x = tan 4x + tan 9x + tan 4x . tan 9x . tan 13x
Answer:
tan 13x = tan(4x + 9x)
⇒ tan 13x = tan4x+tan9x1−tan4x⋅tan9x [∵ tan(A + B) = tanA+tanB1−tanAtanB]
⇒ tan 13x (1 – tan 4x . tan 9x) = tan 4x + tan 9x
⇒ tan 13x – tan 13x . tan 4x . tan 9x = tan 4x + tan 9x
⇒ tan 13x = tan 4x + tan 9x + tan 4x . tan 9x . tan 13x
Question 28.
Show that 24n+4 – 15n -16, where n ∈ N is divisible by 225.
OR
In the first four papers each of 100 marks, Rohit got 72, 83, 73, 95 marks. If
he wants an average of greater than or equal to 75 marks and less than 80
marks, find the range of marks he should score in the fifth paper.
Answer:
We have

Thus, 24n+4 – 15n – 16 is divisible by 225.

OR
Let the marks he scored in the fifth paper be x
Then average = (95 + 72 + 73 + 83 + x) ÷ 5
⇒ Average = 323+x5
As per question 75 ≤ 323+x5 < 80
Solving 75 ≤ 323+x5
Multiplying both sides by 5, we get
⇒ 75 × 5 ≤ 323 + x
⇒ 375 ≤ 323 + x
⇒ 375 – 323 ≤ 323 + x – 323
⇒ 52 ≤ x
Solving, 323+x5 < 80
Multiplying both sides by 5, we get
⇒ 323 + x < 80 × 5
⇒ 323 + x < 400
⇒ 323 + x – 323 < 400 – 323
⇒ x < 77
Thus, 52 ≤ x < 77.

Question 29.
The line 2x – 3y = 4 is the perpendicular bisector of the line segment AB. If
the coordinates of A are (-3, 1), find the coordinates of B.
OR
Find the equation of the circle which passes through (2, -2) and (3, 4) and
whose center lies on the line x + y = 2.
Answer:
Let the coordinates of B are (p, q).
Then, slope of line AB, m1 = q−1p+3
And, slope of line 2x – 3y = 4 is 23 = m2
Since, the lines are perpendicular, so m1m2 = -1
⇒ q−1p+3×23=−1
⇒ 2q – 2 = -3p – 9
⇒ 3p + 2q + 7 = 0 ………(i)
The midpoint of AB is (p−32,q+12), which lies on the line 2x – 3y = 4.

∴ 2(p−32)−3⋅(q+12)=4
⇒ 2p – 6 – 3q – 3 = 8
⇒ 2p – 3q – 17 = 0 ……(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get p = 1, q = -5
OR
Let, the equation of the circle with centre (h, k) and radius ‘r’ be
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 ……(i)
Since, the circle passes through (2, -2) and (3, 4).
(2 – h)2 + (-2 – k)2 = r2 ……(ii) and (3 – h)2 + (4 – k)2 = r2 ……(iii)
(ii) and (iii) ⇒ (2 – h)2 + (2 + k)2 = (3 – h)2 + (4 – k)2
⇒ 4 – 4h + h2 + 4 + 4k + k2 = 9 – 6h + h2 + 16 – 8k + k2
⇒ -4h + 4k + 8 + 6h + 8k – 25 = 0
⇒ 2h + 12k – 17 = 0 …….(iv)
Also, the center (h, k) lies on x + y = 2
∴ h + k = 2 …..(v)
(iv) – 2 × (v) ⇒ 10k – 17 = -4
⇒ k = 1310
⇒ k = 1.3
(iv) ⇒ h = 0.7
(i) ⇒ (x – 0.7)2 + (y – 1.3)2 = r2 …..(vi)
(ii) ⇒ (2 – 0.7)2 + (-2 – 1.3)2 = r2
⇒ r2 = 12.58
∴ (vi) ⇒ (x – 0.7)2 +(y – 1.3)2 = 12.58 is the required equation of the circle.

Question 30.
Find the equation of the ellipse in which the length of the minor axis is equal
to the distance between foci, given length of the latus rectum is 10 units and
the major axis is along X-axis.
OR
Find the length of the medians of the triangle with vertices A(0, 0, 6), B(0, 4,
0) and C(6, 0, 0).
Answer:
Let the equation of the ellipse be
x2a2