Project Cycle Overview

What is Project Cycle ?

In earlier classes we have studied about Water Cycle, etc. In water Cycle we studied that how is
the journey of water carried out from one step to other till the end.
Like that in Project Cycle we are going to deal with the steps involved in creating a project,
starting from the given problem till the project is created and tested.

Project Cycle is a step by step process to solve the problems using proven scientific
methods and drawing the inference about it.

Let us take some daily examples as project, requiring steps to solve the problem.

Making Tea

1. Boil Water .
2. Put Tea Powder
3. Put Milk

This was a simple one which was only consisting exploring the items and modelling it into tea.
Lets see one more example:

Creating a birthday card.

1. Checking the factors like budget,etc Which will help us decide the next steps and
understanding the Project.
2. Acquiring data from different sources like online, with friends etc for Designs and ideas.
3. Making a list of the gathered data.
4. Creating or Modelling a card on the basis of the data collected.
5. Showing it to Parents or cousins to Let them check it or evaluate it.

Components of Project Cycle

Components of project cycle are the steps which contributes in completing the Project.

Components of the AI Project Cycle :

Problem Scoping Understanding the problem

Data Acquisition Collecting accurate and reliable data

Data Exploration Arranging the data uniformly

Modelling Creating Models from the data

Evaluation Evaluating the project

Problem Scoping

Problem Scoping refers to understanding a problem finding out various factors which affect the
problem, define the goal or aim of the project.

4Ws Of Problem Scoping

The 4W's of Problem Scoping are Who, What, Where and Why. These Ws helps in identifying
and understanding the problem in a better and efficient manner.

1. Who - "Who" part helps us in comprehending and categorizing who all are affected directly
and indirectly with the problem and who are called the Stake Holders

2. What - "What" part helps us in understanding and identifying the nature of the problem and
under this block, you also gather evidence to prove that the problem you have selected actually
exists.

3. Where - "Where" does the problem arises, situation and the location.

4. Why - "Why" is the given problem worth solving.

Problem Statement Template

The Problem Statement Template helps us to summarise all the key points into one single.

Template so that in future, whenever there is need to look back at the basis of the problem, we
can take a look at the Problem Statement Template and understand the key elements of it.

Data Acquisition
Data Acquisition is he process of collecting accurate and reliable data to work with. Data Can be
in the format of text, video, images, audio and so on and it can be collected from carious source
like the interest, journals, newspapers and so on.

Data Sources

Data Exploration

Data Exploration is the process of arranging the gathered data uniformly for a better
understanding. Data can be arranged in the form of a table, plotting a chart or making database.

If we simplify this Data Exploration means that the data which we collected in Data
Acquisition, in Data Exploration we need to arrange it for example if we have data of 50 students
in a class, we have their Mobile Number, Date of Birth, Class, Etc .

In the process of data exploration we can make a chart for that data in which all the names will
be at one place and all the mobile numbers at one etc.

Data Exploration or Visualization Tools

1. Google Charts

Google chart tools are powerful, simple to use, and free. Try out our rich gallery of interactive
charts and data tools.

2. Tableau

Tableau is often regarded as the grand master of data visualization software and for good reason.

Tableau has a very large customer base of 57,000+ accounts across many industries due to its
simplicity of use and ability to produce interactive visualizations far beyond those provided by
general BI solutions.

3. FusionCharts

This is a very widely-used, JavaScript-based charting and visualization package that has
established itself as one of the leaders in the paid-for market.

It can produce 90 different chart types and integrates with a large number of platforms and
frameworks giving a great deal of flexibility.

4. Highcharts

A simple options-structure allows for deep customization, and styling can be done via JavaScript
or CSS. Highcharts is also extendable and pluggable for experts seeking advanced animations
and functionality.
Modelling

Modelling is the process in which different models based on the visualized data can
be created and even checked for the advantages and disadvantages of the model.

To Make a machine learning model there are 2 ways/Approaches Learning Based

Approach and Rule Based Approach

Learning Based Approach

Learning Based Approach is based on Machine learning experiance with the data feeded.

Machine Learning

Machine learning is a subset of artificial Intelligence (AI) whcih provides machines the ability
to learn automatically and improve from experience without being programmed for it.

Types of Machine Learning

Machine learning can be divided into 3 types, Supervised Learning, Unsupervised Learning,
andSemisupervised or Reinforcement Learning

Supervised Learning
 Unsupervised Learning

Reinforcement Learning

Rule Based Approach

Datasets

Dataset is a collection of related sets of Information that is composed of separate elements but
can be manipulated by a computer as a unit.

In Rule based Approach we will deal with 2 divisions of dataset:

1. Training Data - A subset required to train the model

2. Testing Data - A subset required while testing the trained the model

Training Set

Testing Set

Training vs Testing Data

Base Training Set Testing Set

Used for Training the

Use Used for Testing the Model after it is trained
Model

Is allot bigger than

testing data and
Size It is smaller than Training Set and constitutes about 20% to 30%
constitutes about 70%
to 80%

Evaluation

Evaluation is the method of understanding the reliability of an API Evaluation and is based on
the outputs which is received by the feeding the data into the model and comparing the output
with the actual answers.
API Stands for Application Programming Interface