MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Pre-Board Examination

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INDUSTRIAL AND POWER PLANT ENGINEERING

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only
one answer for each item by shading the box corresponding to the letter of your choice
on the answer sheet provided. Show your solution on a separate sheet of paper. STRICTLY
NO ERASURES ALLOWED.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A furnace wall consists of 35 cm firebrick (k = 1.557 W/m-K), 12 cm insulating

refractory (k = 0.346) and 20 cm common brick (k = 0.692), covered with 7 cm steel
plate (k = 45). The temperature at the inner surface of the firebrick is 1230oC and
at the outer face of the steel plate is 60oC. Atmosphere is 27oC. What is the value
of the combined coefficient for convection and radiation from the outside wall?
A. 39.13 W/m2-K B. 32.12 W/m2-K
C. 41.3 W/m2-K D. 38.5 W/m2-K

2. A two-pass surface condenser is to be designed using overall heat transfer coefficient

of 480 BTU/oF-ft2 of outside tube surface. The tubes are to be 1 inch outside diameter
with 1/16 in walls (or 7/8 in. inside diameter). Entering circulating water velocity
is to be 6 ft/s. Steam enters the condenser at a rate of 1,000,000 lb/hr at a pressure
of one psia and an enthalpy of 1090 BTU/lb. Condensate leaves at saturated liquid at
one psia. Circulating water enters the condenser at 85 deg F and leaves at 95 deg F.
Note: 1 psia condensate has temperature of 101.7 deg F. Wet steam entering becomes
condensate at 101.7 deg F with hf = 69.72 BTU/b. Calculate the total length of tube
to be used in ft per tube.
A. 20.4 ft B. 30.6 ft
C. 10.4 ft D. 16.5 ft

3. A hollow sphere has an outside radius of 1 m and is made of polystyrene foam with a
thickness of 1 cm. A heat source inside keeps the inner surface 5.20oC hotter than
the outside surface. How much power is produced by the heat source? The thermal
conductivity of polystyrene foam is 0.033 W/m-C?
A. 253 W B. 216 W
C. 320 W D. 306 W

4. If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60oF at sea level, what is the pressure at 12000 ft
altitude if air is compressible. Note @ 60oF: density of air is 0.0763 lb/ft3.
A. 5.467 psia B. 9.53 psia
C. 8.34 psia D. 4.35 psia

5. A two-pass surface condenser is to be designed using overall heat transfer coefficient

of 480 BTU/oF-ft2 of outside tube surface. The tubes are to be 1 inch outside diameter
with 1/16 in walls (or 7/8 in. inside diameter). Entering circulating water velocity
is to be 6 ft/s. Steam enters the condenser at a rate of 1,000,000 lb/hr at a pressure
of one psia and an enthalpy of 1090 BTU/lb. Condensate leaves at saturated liquid at
one psia. Circulating water enters the condenser at 85 deg F and leaves at 95 deg F.
Note: 1 psia condensate has temperature of 101.7 deg F. Wet steam entering becomes
condensate at 101.7 deg F with hf = 69.72 BTU/b. Calculate the total number of tubes
to be used in each pass.
A. 18,200 B. 18,500
C. 18,850 D. 18,544

6. How much refrigeration capacity if required to cool 2000 cfm of air from 85oF to
70oF?
A. 2.7 TR B. 1.7 TR
C. 1.2 TR D. 4.7 TR

7. Determine the estimate condenser load for an open-type compressor having a cooling
capacity of 16,500 BTU/hr and a heat rejection factor of 1.32.
A. 12,500 BTU/hr B. 22,480 BTU/hr
C. 21,780 BTU/hr D. 17,890 BTU/hr
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8. A cold storage compartment is 4.5 m long by 4 m wide by 2.5 m high. The four walls,
ceiling and floor are covered to a thickness of 150 mm with insulating material which
has a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 5.8 x 10-2 W/m-K. Calculate the quantity
of heat leaking through the insulation per hour when the outside and inside face
temperatures of the material is 15oC and -5oC respectively.
A. 2185.44 kJ B. 3285.44 kJ
C. 2305.44 kJ D. 4567.44 kJ

9. The hydraulic diameter of a non-circular conduit is 40 inches. What is the hydraulic

radius (inch) of that conduit if it has full flow?
A. 5 B. 80
C. 20 D. 10

10.A 0.30 m x 0.40 m branch duct leaves a 0.30 m x 0.60 m main duct at an angle of 60o.
The air temperature is 20oC. The dimensions of the main duct remain constant following
branch. The flowrate upstream is 2.7 m3/s. What is the pressure downstream in the
main duct. Note: at 20oC, density = 1.2041 kg/m3.
A. 346 Pa B. 436 Pa
C. 634 Pa D. 643 Pa

11.An inventor proposes an engine that operates between the 27oC warm surface layer of
the ocean and a 10oC layer a few meters down. The inventor claims that the engine
produces 100 kW by pumping 20 kg/s of sea water. Is the claim possible? Note: Use the
specific heat of the ocean equal to 4.186 kJ/kg-K.
A. Yes B. Not possible
C. Lacking data D. Maybe

12.A 2-ft diameter circular tube has a laminar flow with a maximum velocity of 10 m/s.
What is the velocity close to the periphery of the tube?
A. 0 B. 5
C. 12 D. 10

13.A duct 0.40 m high and 0.80 m wide suspended from the ceiling in a corridor, makes a
right angle turn in the horizontal plane. The inner radius is 0.2 m and the outer
radius is 1.0 m measured from the same center. The velocity of air in the duct is 10
m/s. Compute the pressure drop in this elbow. Assuming: f = 0.3, p = 1.204 kg/m3 and
L = 10 m.
A. 341 Pa B. 421 Pa
C. 431 Pa D. 314 Pa

14.One side of refrigerated cold chamber is 6 m long by 3.7 m high and consists of 168
mm thickness of cork between outer and inner walls of wood. The outer wood wall is
30 mm thick and its outside face temperature is 20oC, the inner wood wall is 35 mm
thick and its inside face temperature is -3oC. Taking the coefficient of thermal
conductivity of cork and wood as 0.042 and 0.20 W/m-K respectively, calculate the
heat transfer per second per sq. m of surface area.
A. 5.138 J B. 3.158 J
C. 4.318 J D. 2.318 J

15.Determine the quantity of water lost by bleed off if the water flow rate over the
tower is 30 gpm and the range is 10oF. Percent bleed-off required is 33%.
A. 0.077 gpm B. 0.088 gpm
C. 0.099 gpm D. 0.044 gpm

16.The journals of a shaft are 380 mm in diameter, it runs at 105 rpm and the coefficient
of friction between journals and bearings is 0.02. If the average load on the bearings
is 200 kN, find the heat generated per minute at the bearings.
A. 501.375 kJ B. 502.575 kJ
C. 407.705 kJ D. 532.325 kJ

17.A surface condenser serving a 50,000-kW steam-turbo generator unit receives exhaust
steam at the rate of 196,000 kg/hr. Vacuum in condenser is 702 mmHg. Sea water for
cooling enters at 29.5oC and leaves at 37.5oC. For steam turbine condenser,
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Pre-Board Examination

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manufacturers consider 950 BTU/lb of steam turbine condensed as heat given up to

cooling water. Calculate the logarithmic mean temperature difference.
A. 6.27oC B. 6.97oC
C. 6.57oC D. 6.77oC

18.A pipe 200 mm outside diameter and 20 m length is covered with a layer, 70 mm thick
of insulation having a thermal conductivity of 0.05 W/m-K and a thermal conductance
of 10 W/m2-K at the outer surface. If the temperature of the pipe is 350oC and the
ambient temperature is 15oC, calculate the external surface temperature.
A. 32.6oC B. 27.6oC
C. 45.6oC D. 52.6oC

19.The surface temperature of the hot side of the furnace wall is 1200oC. It is desired
to maintain the outside of the wall at 38oC. A 152 mm of refractory silica is used
adjacent to the combustion chamber and 10 mm of steel covers the outside. What
thickness of insulating bricks is necessary between refractory and steel, if the heat
loss should be kept at 788 W/m2? Use k = 18.34 W/m-K for refractory silica; 0.15 for
insulating brick, and 45 for steel.
A. 220 mm B. 200 mm
C. 250 mm D. 310 mm

20.A copper rod whose diameter is 2 cm and length 50 cm has one end in boiling water,
the other end in a jacket cooled by flowing water which enters at 10oC. The thermal
conductivity of the copper is 0.102 kCal/m-s-C. If 0.20 kg of water flows through the
jacket in 6 min, by how much does the temperature of the water increase?
A. 9.58oC B. 10.38oC
C. 12.38oC D. 15.38oC

21.A gas has a density of 0.094 lb/ft3 at 100oF and 2 atm. What pressure is needed to
change the density to 0.270 lb/ft3 at 250oF?
A. 3.85 atm B. 4.25 atm
C. 6.20 atm D. 7.28 atm

22.A boiler contains 3.5 tons of water initially having 40 ppm dissolved solids and
after 24 hrs the dissolved solids in the water is 2500 ppm. If the feed rate is 875
kg/hr, find the ppm of dissolved solids contained in the feed water.
A. 370 ppm B. 395 ppm
C. 405 ppm D. 410 ppm

23.A travelling-grate stoker can burn bituminous coal with 10% moisture and 10% ash at
a rate of 500,000 BTU/hr-ft2. A boiler with a steam rating of 200,000 lb/hr will be
fired with the above fuel having a high heat value of 12,200 BTU/lb. If the boiler
efficiency is 80%, and if it takes 1000 BTU to evaporate and superheat one pound of
feedwater to the desired temperature, find the hourly coal supply and grate area
needed.
A. 20,000 lb, 450 ft2 B. 20,500 lb, 500 ft2
C. 21,000 lb, 550 ft2 D. 21,500 lb, 600 ft2

24.One kilogram of wet steam at a pressure of 8 bar (vg = 0.2404 m3/kg, vf = 0.0011148
m3/kg) and dryness 0.94 is expanded until the pressure is 4 bar (vg = 0.4625 m3/kg,
vf = 0.0010836 m3/kg). If expansion follows the law PVn = C, where n = 1.12, find the
dryness fraction of the steam at the lower pressure.
A. 0.9207 B. 0.9027
C. 0.9270 D. 0.9072

25.A Pelton wheel runs at a constant speed under a head of 650 ft. The cross-sectional
area of the jet is 0.50 ft2 and the nozzle friction loss is to be neglected. Suppose
the needle of the nozzle is to be adjusted as to reduce the area of the jet from 0.50
ft2 to 0.20 ft2. Under these conditions the efficiency of the wheel is known to be
70%. Find the power output of the wheel.
A. 2112.34 Hp B. 2406.24 Hp
C. 3076.72 Hp D. 3235.24 Hp
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26.Water is pumped up a hillside into a reservoir. The pump discharges water at the rate
of 6 ft/s and pressure of 150 psig. Disregarding friction, what is the maximum
elevation (above the centerline of pump’s discharge) of the reservoir’s water surface?
A. 346.7 ft B. 556.7 ft
C. 546.7 ft D. 126.7 ft

27.The water velocity of a 5 m x 1 m channel is 6 m/s. What is the annual energy produced
if the net head is 120 m and the over-all efficiency is 80%?
A. 154,247,258 kW-hrs B. 357,798,542 kW-hrs
C. 247,494,528 kW-hrs D. 487,654,567 kW-hrs

28.2.5 liters of superheated steam at 25 bar and 400oC (v = 0.1252 m3/kg) is expanded
in an engine to a pressure of 0.1 bar (vg = 14.674 m3/kg, vf = 0.0010102 m3/kg) when
its dryness fraction is 0.9. Find the final volume of the steam.
A. 363.74 liters B. 263.74 liters
C. 163.74 liters D. 563.74 liters

29.A centrifugal pump discharged 20 L/s against a head of 17 m when the speed is 1500
rpm. The diameter of the impeller was 30 cm and the brake horsepower was 6.0. A
geometrically similar pump 40 cm in diameter is to run at 1750 rpm. Assuming equal
efficiencies, what brake horsepower is required?
A. 57.15 HP B. 30.15 HP
C. 40.15 HP D. 42.15 HP

30.The ratio of the average load over the designated period of time to peak load in that
period of time:
A. Diversity factor B. Plant use factor
C. Capacity factor D. None of the above

31.A water tube boiler has a capacity of 1000 kg/hr of steam. The factor of evaporation
is 1.3, boiler rating is 200%, boiler efficiency is 65%, heating surface area is 0.91
m2 per bo. Hp, and the heating value of fuel is 18,400 kCal/kg. The total coal
available in the bunker is 50,000 kg. Determine the no. of hrs to consume the available
fuel.
A. 853 hrs B. 847 hrs
C. 892 hrs D. 779 hrs

32.A 1.5 kg of wet steam at a pressure of 5 bar (hf = 640 kJ/kg, hfg = 2109 kJ/kg),
dryness of 0.95 is blown into 70 liters of water of 12oC (h = 50.4 kJ/kg). Find the
final enthalpy of the mixture.
A. 102.60 kJ/kg B. 87.70 kJ/kg
C. 97.60 kJ/kg D. 104.80 kJ/kg

33.Wet saturated steam at 16 bar (hf = 859 kJ/kg, hfg = 1935 kJ/kg, x = 0.98) reducing
valve and is throttled to a pressure of 8 bar (hf = 721 kJ/kg, hfg = 2048 kJ/kg).
Find the dryness fraction of the reduced pressure steam.
A. 0.9275 B. 0.9580
C. 0.9933 D. 0.8865

34.Steam is admitted to the cylinder of an engine in such a manner the average pressure
is 120 psi. The diameter of the piston is 10 in. and the length of stroke is 12 in.
What is the Hp of the engine when it is making 300 rpm?
A. 171.5 Hp B. 174.7 Hp
C. 145.2 Hp D. 175.4 Hp

35.Steam enters a turbine stage with an enthalpy of 3628 kJ/kg at 70 m/s and leaves the
same stage with an enthalpy of 2846 kJ/kg and a velocity of 124 m/s. Calculate the
power if there are 5 kg/s steam admitted at the turbine throttle.
A. 4597.45 kW B. 3276.55 kW
C. 3883.81 kW D. 2785.42 kW

36.Steam is expanded through a nozzle and the enthalpy drop per kg of steam from the
initial pressure to the final pressure is 60 kJ. Neglecting friction, find the
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velocity of discharge and the exit area of the nozzle to pass 0.20 kg/s if the
specific volume of the steam at exit is 1.5 m3/kg.
A. 186.4 m/s, 879 m2 B. 226.7 m/s, 278 m2
C. 240.6 m/s, 764 m2 D. 346.4 m/s, 866 m2

37.Determine the hydraulic radius for the open trapezoidal channel whose above and bottom
lengths are 7 and 5 units respectively. The depth of the water is 3 units.
A. 12.4 B. 1.59
C. 3.43 D. 5.78

38.A diesel power plant consumed 1 m3 of fuel with 30o API at 27oC in 24 hrs. Calculate
the fuel rate in kg/hr?
A. 36.21 B. 28.25
C. 27.34 D. 32.42

39.A hydro-electric power plant consumes 60,000,000 kW-hr per year. What is the net head
if the expected flow is 1500 m3/min and over-all efficiency is 63%?
A. 32.32 m B. 45.45 m
C. 44.33 m D. 22.33 m

40.A fuel oil has the following contents: 85.5% carbon, 11.9% hydrogen, 1.6% oxygen, and
15 impurities. Calculate the percentage CO2 in the flue gas for the complete
combustion.
A. 20.94% B. 29.54%
C. 35.94% D. 16.75%

41.If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60oF at sea level, what is the pressure at 12000 ft
altitude if air is incompressible. Note @ 60oF: density of air is 0.0763 lb/ft3.
A. 5.467 psia B. 9.53 psia
C. 8.34 psia D. 4.35 psia

42.A 15 kg/s gas enters a chimney at 10 m/s. If the temperature and pressure of a gas
are 26oC and 100 kPa respectively, what is the diameter of the chimney? Use R = 0.287
kJ/kg-K.
A. 1.54 m B. 2.54 m
C. 2.32 m D. 1.28 m

43.An electron strikes the screen of the cathode ray tube with a velocity of 10 to the
9th power cm/s. Compute its kinetic energy in ERGS. The mass of an electron is 9 x 10-
31 kg.

A. 1.5 x 10-10 ERG B. 3.5 x 10-10 ERG

C. 2.5 x 10-10 ERG D. 4.5 x 10-10 ERG

44.A 0.064 kg of octane vapor (MW = 114) is mixed with 0.91 kg of air (MW = 29.0) in the
manifold is 86.1 kPa, and the temperature is 290 K. Assume octane behaves ideally,
what is the total volume of this mixture?
A. 0.895 cu.m B. 0.986 cu.m
C. 0.435 cu.m D. 0.754 cu.m

45.Find the amount of electrical energy expended raising the temperature of 45 liters
of water by 75oC. Assume the efficiency of the heating equipment to be 90%.
A. 3.45 kW-hr B. 4.36 kW-hr
C. 0.542 kW-hr D. 1.542 kW-hr

46.How long could a 2000 Hp motor be operated on the heat energy liberated by 1 mi3 of
ocean water when the temperature of the water is lowered by 1oC and if all these heat
were converted to mechanical energy?
A. 371.56 yrs B. 352.57 yrs
C. 425.76 yrs D. 254.57 yrs

47.Kerosene is the fuel of a gas turbine plant: fuel-air ratio, mf = 0.012, T3 = 972 K,
pressure ratio, rp = 4.5, exhaust to atmosphere. Find the available energy in kJ per
kg air flow. Assume k = 1.34 and Cp = 1.13.
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A. 435.64 kJ/kg B. 862.64 kJ/kg

C. 352.64 kJ/kg D. 314.64 kJ/kg

48.A 6” pump operating at 1770 rpm discharges 1500 gpm of cold water (SG = 1.0) against
an 80-foot head at 85% efficiency. A homologous 8” pump is operating at 1170 rpm is
being considered as replacement. What would be the new horsepower requirement?
A. 43.3 Hp B. 45.6 Hp
C. 32.4 Hp D. 57.8 Hp

49.A two-stage compressor receives 0.35 kg/s of air at 100 kPa and 269 K and delivers
it at 5000 kPa. Find the heat transferred in the intercooler.
A. 70.49 kW B. 60.49 kW
C. 50.49 kW D. 120.49 kW

50.In a hydraulic plant the difference in elevation between the surface of the water at
intake and the tailrace is 650 ft when the flow is 90 cfs, the friction loss in the
penstock is 65 ft and the head utilized by the turbine is 500 ft. The mechanical
friction in the turbine is 110 Hp, and the leakage loss is 4 cfs. Find the hydraulic
efficiency.
A. 82.45% B. 80.63%
C. 85.47% D. 76.54%

51.A hydro-electric impulse turbine is directly coupled to a 24 pole, 60 Hz alternator.

It has a specific speed of 60 rpm and develops 3000 Hp. What is the required diameter
assuming a peripheral speed ratio of 0.45?
A. 0.352 m B. 0.661 m
C. 0.543 m D. 0.345 m

52.Calculate the air power of a fan that delivers 1200 m3/min of air through a 1 m by
1.5 m outlet. Static pressure is 120 mm WG and density of air is 1.18.
A. 20.75 kW B. 25.64 kW
C. 32.75 kW D. 44.54 kW

53.The density of Helium is 0.178 kg/m3 at STP. What is the density at 25oC and 96 kPa?
A. 0.159 B. 0.358
C. 0.267 D. 0.545

54.A jet of water is discharged through a 1-inch diameter orifice under constant head
of 2.1 ft, the total discharge is 228 lbm in 90 seconds. The jet is observed to pass
through a point 2 ft downward and 4 ft away from vena contracta. Find the coefficient
of velocity.
A. 0.854 B. 0.783
C. 0.556 D. 0.976

55.Given a horizontal conveyor, 46 m centers, 175 pounds per hr capacity of handling

bituminous coal at 0.5 m/s with 800 kg per m3. Other data as follows:

Flight width and depth 610 mm x 200 mm

Quantity of material 0.108 m3/m
Coefficient of friction of elements 0.10
Material coefficient of friction 0.59

Assume an engineering-type chain with sleeve bearing rollers weighing with flights,
89.3 kg/m. Calculate the chain pull in kg.
A. 2350.57 B. 5650.10
C. 1255.56 D. 3166.46

56.A 500-kW diesel has a heat rate of 12,000 kJ/kW-hr. The compression ratio is 16:1,
cut-off ratio of 2.3. Assume k = 1.32. Calculate the engine efficiency based on the
output of 500 kW.
A. 57.77% B. 52.78%
C. 42.78% D. 77.52%
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57.A pipe of internal diameter 6 units carries water with a depth of 2 units under
influence of gravity. Calculate the hydraulic radius.
A. 1.12 B. 1.25
C. 3.22 D. 1.01

58.A 305 mm x 457 mm four stroke single acting diesel engine is rated at 150 kW at 260
rpm. Fuel consumption at rated load is 0.26 kg/kW-hr with a heating value of 43,912
kJ/kg. Calculate the brake thermal efficiency.
A. 31.63% B. 42.63%
C. 25.73% D. 32.83%

59.A 4 kg air enters the turbine with enthalpy of 600 kJ and velocity of 250 m/s. The
enthalpy at exit is 486 kJ and velocity of 170 m/s. What is the work developed if
there is a heat loss of 10 kJ?
A. 135.8 kJ B. 171.2 kJ
C. 180.2 kJ D. 128.3 kJ

60.Calculate the drive horsepower for pumping 1703 L/min cold water to a tank suction
at 127 mm Hg vacuum, delivery at 5.3 kg/cm2 ga., both measured close to pump, ep =
0.65.
A. 22.02 HP B. 31.42 HP
C. 32.42 HP D. 24.08 HP

61.Air enters the combustion chamber of a gas turbine unit at 550 kPa, 227oC and 43 m/s.
The products of combustion leave the combustor at 517 kPa, 1007oC and 140 m/s. Liquid
fuel enters with a heating value of 43,000 kJ/kg. The combustor efficiency is 95%.
What is the air-fuel ratio? Note: Properties of air:
T(K) h(kJ/kg)
500 503.02
1280 1372.25
A. 42.45 B. 41.75
C. 57.33 D. 44.95

62.Find the length of a suspension bunker to contain 181 tons of coal without surcharge;
width, 4.6 m; depth, 4.3 m. The level capacity of a suspension bunker is 5/8 wdL
where: w = width, d = depth and L = length. Density of coal, 800 kg/m3.
A. 18.30 m B. 12.60 m
C. 11.51 m D. 16.40 m

63.Water (density = 1000 kg/m3, E = 2 x 109 Pa) is flowing at 4 m/s through a long length
of 4-in schedule – 40 steel pipes (Di = 0.102 m, t = 0.0062 m, E = 2 x 1011 Pa) when
a valve suddenly closes completely. What is the theoretical increase in pressure?
A. 3.43 x 106 Pa B. 2.43 x 106 Pa
C. 4.23 x 106 Pa D. 5.23 x 106 Pa

64.A jet of water is discharged through a 1-inch diameter orifice under constant head
of 2.1 ft, the total discharge is 228 lbm in 90 seconds. The jet is observed to pass
through a point 2 ft downward and 4 ft away from vena contracta. Find the coefficient
of contraction.
A. 0.736 B. 0.432
C. 0.827 D. 0.658

65.A 39.5 m high chimney of radial brick masonry is described by the following top and
bottom dimensions. D2 = 1.9 m, d2 = 1.5 m, D1 = 3.2 m, d1 = 2.3 m. Determine the
moment due to wind load.
A. 170,571 kg-m B. 150,386 kg-m
C. 130,180 kg-m D. 182,030 kg-m

66.What is the velocity of sound in 150oF (66oC) air at a standard pressure? Note:
density of air @ 150oF is 0.064 lb/ft3.
A. 4812 ft/s B. 1215 ft/s
C. 3254 ft/s D. 1245 ft/s
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67.A condensate pump at sea level take water from a surface condenser where the vacuum
is 15 in. of mercury. The friction and turbulence in the piping of the condenser hot
well and the pump suction flange is assumed to be 6.5 ft. If the condensate pump to
be installed has a required head of 9 ft, what would be the minimum height of water
level in the hot well that must be maintained above the centerline of the pump to
avoid cavitation?
A. 2.5 ft B. 15.5 ft
C. 6.5 ft D. 9 ft

68.In a gaseous mixture of 20 deg. C, the partial pressures of the components are as
follows: Hydrogen, 200 mmHg; Carbon dioxide, 150 mmHg; Methane, 320 mmHg; Ethelyne,
105 mmHg. What is the mass faction of hydrogen (m(H2) = 2, m(CO2) = 44, m(meth) = 16
and m(eth) = 30 kg/mol)?
A. 0.026 B. 0.056
C. 0.076 D. 0.116

69.A cold tire contains 1000 in3 of air at 24 psia and 32oF. What pressure in the tire
is needed if the temperature and volume are increased to 35oF and 1020 in3
respectively?
A. 14.54 psia B. 32.45 psia
C. 23.57 psia D. 32.87 psia

70.What is the rise in temperature of water dropping over a 200 ft waterfall and settling
in a basin below? Neglect all friction and assume initial velocity is negligible.
A. -0.653 deg F B. -0.246 deg F
C. -0.283 deg F D. -0.257 deg F

71.One kilogram of air 1.2 kg/cm2 at 30oC is compressed according the law PVC where: C
= 1.36 until its volume 0.5 m3 if it is compressed isothermally. What will be the
percent saving work?
A. 5.6% B. 8.7%
C. 6.6% D. 8.2%

72.Water at 60oF has a specific gravity of 0.999 gm/cm3 and a kinematic viscosity of
1.12 centistoke (cs). What is the absolute viscosity in lbf-s/ft2?
A. 2.34 x 10-5 B. 1.54 x 10-5
C. 5.34 x 10-5 D. 3.24 x 10-5

73.Assume the total heat vaporization (per gram) of water can be used to supply the
energy needed to tear 1 g of water molecules apart from each other. How much energy
is needed per molecule for this purpose?
A. 6.74 x 10-20 J B. 2.74 x 10-20 J
C. 5.74 x 10-20 J D. 4.74 x 10-20 J

74.Cool water at 9 deg. C enters hot-water heater from which warm water at a room
temperature of 80 deg C is drawn at an average rate of 300 g/min. How much average
electric power does the heater consume in order to provide hot water at this rate?
A. 1.54 kW B. 1.49 kW
C. 3.25 kW D. 7.74 kW

75.The feedwater to a boiler 92% condensate and 8% make-up containing 270 ppm solids.
What weight of solids enter the boiler per hour at 22,680 kg per hr steam evaporation?
A. 0.49 kg solids/hr B. 0.59 kg solids/hr
C. 0.69 kg solids/hr D. 0.79 kg solids/hr

76.How many kilograms of water at 0 deg. C can a freezer with a coefficient of performance
of 5 make into ice cubes at 0 deg. C with a work input of 3.6 MJ (one kilowatt-hour)?
A. 44 kg B. 24 kg
C. 54 kg D. 72 kg

77.A waste heat recovery boiler produces 4.8 MPa (dry saturated) steam from 104oC feed
water. The boiler receives energy from 7 kg/s of 954oC dry air. After passing through
the waste heat boiler, the temperature of the air has been reduced to 343oC. Compute
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the volume flow rate of the steam in kg produced per second. Note: At 4.8 MPa dry and
saturated, h = 2796.0 kJ/kg.
A. 1.81 kg B. 1.95 kg
C. 2.34 kg D. 1.16 kg

78.The 1370 mm diameter steam drum on a boiler is 2440 mm long has a 250 mm gauge glass
at mid-drum level. Find the maximum steam generation that could be cared for by a
blowdown of half a water gauge each 8 hr shift. Pressure, 17.5 kg/cm2 gage. Sf = 150
PPM, Sb = 2000 PPM.
A. 350.59 kg/hr B. 550.59 kg/hr
C. 450.59 kg/hr D. 650.59 kg/hr

79.In a boiler design, it is desirable to have the flue gas exit temperature above the
dewpoint. What is the dew point temperature of the flue gas produced by combustion
having the gravimetric analysis of:
N2 = 71.84% O2 = 3.61% CO2 = 20.35% H2O = 4.20%
Assume that air infiltration and leakage are negligible.
A. 42 deg C B. 39 deg C
C. 32 deg C D. 52 deg C

80.What is the change in entropy of 2 kg water molecules when transformed at constant

pressure of 1 atmosphere from water at 100 deg. C to steam at the same temperature?
A. 12.12 kJ/K B. 11.53 kJ/K
C. 10.52 kJ/K D. 14.75 kJ/K

81.A copper can of negligible heat capacity contains 1 kg of water just above the
freezing point. A similar can contains 1 kg of water just below the boiling point.
Two cans are brought into thermal contact. Find the change of entropy of the system.
A. 100 J B. 200 J
C. 300 J D. 500 J

82.In a gaseous mixture of 20 deg. C, the partial pressures of the components are as
follows: Hydrogen, 200 mmHg; Carbon Dioxide, 150 mmHg; Methane, 320 mmHg; Ethylene,
105 mmHg. What is the total pressure of the mixture?
A. 775 mmHg B. 355 mmHg
C. 455 mmHg D. 600 mmHg

83.Estimate discharge rate (L/min) and maximum suction lift of a 95 mm x 127 mm x 152
mm duplex, direct-acting steam pump, ev = 0.90 sea level.
A. 347.90 L/min B. 367.90 L/min
C. 327.80 L/min D. 387.90 L/min

84.Wet material containing 240% moisture (dry basis) is to be dried at the rate of 2.0
kg/s in a continuous dryer to give a product containing 7% (dry basis). How much is
the moisture removed?
A. 4934.12 kg/hr B. 5427.25 kg/hr
C. 6542.54 kg/hr D. 4643.32 kg/hr

85.The turbine of a jet engine operates adiabatically and receives a steady flow of
gases at 114 psia, 1340oF and 540 ft/s. It discharges at 30.6 psia, 820oF and 1000
ft/s. Find the work output per pound of gas.
A. 123.7 BTU/hr B. 211.7 BTU/hr
C. 532.7 BTU/hr D. 325.7 BTU/hr

86.A four stroke, direct injection diesel engine of 4 in. bore x 4.5 in. stroke develops
48 Hp at full load and 8 Hp when running at idling load. Engine speed is 2,200 rpm.
Compute the mechanical efficiency.
A. 52.32% B. 76.56%
C. 76.13% D. 85.71%

87.Water is flowing through a pipe. A pitot-static gage registers 3.0 inches of mercury.
What is the velocity of the water in the pipe?
A. 10.52 ft/s B. 12.84 ft/s
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C. 14.24 ft/s D. 17.34 ft/s

88.Air flows in a duct a pressure of 150 kPa with a velocity of 200 m/s. The temperature
of the air is 37oC. What is the isentropic stagnation temperature?
A. 354 B. 323
C. 278 D. 350

89.What is the root-mean-squared velocity of oxygen molecules at a temperature of 70oF?

A. 765.15 ft/s B. 3210 ft/s
C. 2543.57 ft/s D. 1570.66 ft/s

90.An HVAC engineer has given the following data to be air conditioned: room sensible
heat gain 50,000 BTU/hr. Room latent heat gain 10,000 BTU/hr. Outside condition is
95 deg F DB and 75 deg F WB, inside condition 50 deg F. Considering a factor of safety
of 10%, calculate the required refrigeration tonnage?
A. 5.5 B. 1.5
C. 2.5 D. 3.5

91.A rectangular duct section 35 cm x 50 cm size carries 75 m3/min of air having density
of 1.15 kg/m3. How much is the equivalent diameter of circular duct if the quantity
of air carried in both cases is the same?
A. 0.35 m B. 0.39 m
C. 0.44 m D. 0.46 m

92.A steam engine operating between a boiler temperature of 220 deg. C and a condenser
temperature of 35 deg C. delivers 8 Hp. If its efficiency is 30 percent for a Carnot
engine operating between this temperature limits, how many calories are absorbed each
second by the boiler?
A. 12.7 kCal/s B. 10.2 kCal/s
C. 12.3 kCal/s D. 7.9 kCal/s

93.In one hour, three hundred kJ of heat flow by conduction from the outside to the
inside of a cold storage. If the temperature and all other conditions are the same,
how much is the heat flowing through the cold storage room in two hours?
A. 300 kJ B. 600 kJ
C. 900 kJ D. 1340 kJ

94.A building is to be heated and ventilated. Air is to be supplied to a room 12 m by

18 m from the outside at the rate of 1 m3/min air replacement for each square meter
of floor space. The design condition includes 20 deg. C room temperature and -20 deg.
C outside air temperature. In addition, the pressure in the room is to be maintained
at a positive pressure of 7 kPa, to ensure that there will be no air leakage into the
laboratory. Calculate how much heat would be required to condition the air for this
room?
A. 132.11 kW B. 154.8 kW
C. 164.7 kW D. 185.3 kW

95.To keep the noise at desired level, a circular duct of 40 cm is selected to carry air
in an air-conditioned space at a velocity of 440 m/min. If this duct is to be replaced
by a rectangular duct of aspect ratio of 1.5, compute what is the size of rectangular
duct for equal friction method when the velocity of air in two ducts is same?
A. 45 cm x 30 cm B. 40 cm x 35 cm
C. 60 cm x 25 cm D. 50 cm x 25 cm

96.A refrigeration system consumed 28,800 kW-hr per month of energy. Energy lost due to
cooling system of compressor is 20%. Compute the tons of refrigeration of the system
if the COP is 6 and the motor efficiency is 90%.
A. 42.24 TR B. 37.12 TR
C. 49.15 TR D. 48.25 TR

97.Find the effective head of a reaction turbine that develops 500 BHP where flow through
the turbine is 50 cfs. Water enters at 20 fps with a 100 ft pressure head. The
elevation of the turbine above the tailwater level is 8 ft.
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A. 157.3 ft B. 141.8 ft
C. 114.2 ft D. 112.7 ft

98.If the conditioned space receives 80,000 kg of air per hour and air supply temperature
rises by about 10 deg. C and air picks up latent heat of approximately 150,000 Watts.
Calculate the sensible heat factor of the system.
A. 0.597 B. 0.321
C. 0.574 D. 0.843

99.Cold salt brine at an initial temperature of 0oC is used in a packing plant to chill
beef from 40oC to 5oC in 18 hours. Determine the volume of brine in liters per minute
required to cool 1000 beeves of 250 kg each, if the final temperature of brine is
3oC. Specific heat of brine is 3.76 kJ/kg-C and S.G. = 1.05. Specific heat of beef
is 3.14 kJ/kg-C.
A. 37.59 kg/s B. 32.79 kg/s
C. 32.84 kg/s D. 36.67 kg/s

100.A sudden enlargement in a circular duct measures 0.20 m diameter upstream and 0.40
m downstream. The upstream pressure is 150 Pa, downstream pressure is 200 Pa. What
is the flow rate of 20oC air through the fitting? Use density = 1.02041 kg/m3.
A. 0.58 m3/s B. 0.78 m3/s
C. 0.38 m3/s D. 0.18 m3/s

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