Exercise 6.

1.

Copying the triangle onto the unit circle, we have the following diagram for t =
6

(arc length on unit circle = angle in radians, and = 30 )
6

Here the hypotenuse is the radius of the unit circle, so its length is 1.
3 1
It follows that the horizontal leg has length and the vertical leg has length . Given the
2 2
 3 1
orientation of the triangle, these are also the coordinates of the terminal point, 
 2 , 2 
.
 

Repeating the process when the arc length is gives the following diagram
3

1 3
from which we find the coordinates as  ,
 2 2 
 

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   3
Equivalently, the coordinates when t = are given by x = cos = and
6 6 2
 1  3 1
y = sin = , so  ,  .
6 2  2 2
  1  3 1 3
The coordinates when t = are given by x = cos = and y = sin = , so  ,  .
3 3 2 3 2  2 2 

(a)

The coordinates of the points are:

2  1 3 5  3 1  7  3 1
→  − ,  , →  − ,  , →  − , − 
3  2 2  6  2 2 6  2 2

4  1 3 5 1 3  11  3 1
→  − , − , →  , −  , →  , − 
3  2 2  3 2 2  6  2 2

2.
(a) cos 50  0.64

(b) sin 80  0.98

(c) cos1  0.54

(d) sin 0.5  0.48

sin 70 0.94

(e) tan 70 =  = 2.76
cos 70 0.34

(f) cos1.5  0.071

(g) sin 20  0.34

sin1 0.84
(h) tan1 =  = 1.56
cos1 0.54

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3.
     3 1
(a) First quadrant,  cos ,sin  =  , 
 6 6   2 2 

 5 5   1 3
(b) Fourth quadrant,  cos ,sin  =  , − 
 3 3  2 2 

 7 7   2 2
(c) Fourth quadrant,  cos ,sin  =  ,− 
 4 4   2 2 

 3 3 
(d) Axis between third and fourth quadrant,  cos ,sin  = ( 0, −1)
 2 2 

(e) Second quadrant, ( cos 2,sin 2 )  ( − 0.416,0.909 )

          2 2
(f) Fourth quadrant,  cos  −  ,sin  −   =  cos , − sin  =  ,− 
  4  4   4 
4  2 2 

(g) Fourth quadrant, ( cos ( −1) ,sin ( −1) )  ( 0.540, − 0.841)

  5   5    5 5   2 2
(h) Second quadrant,  cos  −  ,sin  −   =  cos , − sin  =  − , 
  4   4   4 4   2 2 

(i) Third quadrant, ( cos3.52,sin 3.52 )  ( − 0.929, − 0.369 )

4.
 3  1 
(a) sin = ,cos = , tan = 3
3 2 3 2 3

5 1 5 3 5 3
(b) sin = ,cos =− , tan =−
6 2 6 2 6 3

 3  2  3  2  3 
(c) sin  − =− ,cos  − =− , tan  −  =1
 4  2  4  2  4 

  
(d) sin = 1,cos = 0, tan = undefined
2 2 2

 4  3  4  1  4 
(e) sin  − = ,cos  −  = − , tan  − =− 3
 3  2  3  2  3 

(f) sin 3 = 0,cos3 = −1, tan 3 = 0

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 3 3 3
(g) sin = −1,cos = 0, tan = undefined
2 2 2

 7  1  7  3  7  3
(h) sin  −  = ,cos  − =− , tan  − =−
 6  2  6  2  6  3

5 5 2 5 2 5
(i) since 1.25 = , we have sin =− ,cos =− , tan =1
4 4 2 4 2 4

5.
13  13   1
(a) sin = sin  − 2  = sin =
6  6  6 2
13  13   3
cos = cos  − 2  = cos =
6  6  6 2

10  10  4 3
(b) sin = sin  − 2  = sin =−
3  3  3 2
10  10  4 1
cos = cos  − 2  = cos =−
3  3  3 2

15  15  7 2
(c) sin = sin  − 2  = sin =−
4  4  4 2
15  15  7 2
cos = cos  − 2  = cos =−
4  4  4 2

17  17  5 1
(d) sin = sin  − 2  = sin =
6  6  6 2
17  17  5 3
cos = cos  − 2  = cos =−
6  6  6 2
6.
5 3
(a) cos =−
6 2

2
(b) sin 315 = −
2

3
(c) tan = undefined
2

−1 −1
5  5  1
(d) sec =  cos  =   = 2
3  3  2

−1
 3 2 2 3
(e) csc 240 = ( sin 240 )
−1
=  −  = − =−
 2  3 3
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7.
(a) sin 2.5  0.598

(b) cot120 = ( tan120 ) ( )

−1 −1 1 3
= − 3 =− =−
3 3

5 2
(c) cos =−
4 2

(d) sec 6  1.04

(e) tan  = 0

8.
(a) Since y-coordinate of point on unit circle is positive, either quadrant I or II

(b) Since y-coordinate of point on unit circle is positive and x-coordinate is negative, quadrant II

(c) y-coordinate of point on unit circle is negative. Tangent is positive, so x-coordinate must be
negative as well (the ratio of two negative numbers is positive), so quadrant III

(d) x-coordinate of point on unit circle is negative. Tangent is negative, so y-coordinate must be
positive (the ratio of a positive and a negative number is negative), so quadrant II

(e) Since x-coordinate of point on unit circle is positive, either quadrant I or IV

1
(f) Since sec = , x-coordinate of point on unit circle is positive. Tangent is positive,
cos
so y-coordinate must be positive (the ratio of two positive numbers is positive), so quadrant I

1
(g) x-coordinate of point on unit circle is positive. Since csc = , the y-coordinate is
sin 
negative, so quadrant IV

1
(h) since cot  = , the x- and y-coordinate of point of unit circle must have different sign (the
tan 
ratio of two numbers with different sign is negative), so quadrant II or IV

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