CHAPTER02

Eraof Dne-Party
Dominance
Challenge of Building Democracy
"The Election Commission of India was set-up in January 1950. Sukumar Sen was the first Chief
Election Commissioner.
"India's vast size and low literacy rate etc were some of challenges to hold general elections in 1952.
Despite thesechallenges the election was held successfuly in 1952.
Changing Methods of Voting
" In the first general election it was decided to place inside cach polling booth a box for cach candidate
with the election symbol of that candidate.
" By 2004 the entire country had shifted to the Electronic Voting Machine (EVM).

First Three General Elections

" The Congress dominated inthe first three general clections. It had many popular faces like Jawaharlal
Nehru, CRajagopalachari, Vallabhbhai Pateletc. Moreover Jawaharlal Nchru was charismatic and a
very popular leader.
"Congress workedat upper level as well as at grass root level. Congress was popularised due to the
participation in Civil Disobedience Movement.
" In Kerala. in 1957 the Communist Party came to power in the world for the first time through
democratic elections.
"This was the first state where Non-Congress Government was formed after independence.
128 Chopterwise CBSE Solved Papers : POLITICAL
SCIENCE
Nature of Congress Socialist Party
. The Congress Socialist Party (CSP) was formed
Dominance within the Congress in 1934 by a group of
" Thedominance of Congress party was in leaders who wanted a more radical and egalyoung
itarian
democratic condition. The roots of Congress.
extraordinary success of the Congress party " In 1948, the Congress amended its
go back to the legacy of the freedom prevent its members from Constitution
having a dual party
to
struggle. membership. This forced the socialists to form a
" TheCongress brought together diverse separate socialist party in 1948.
groups, whose interests were often " They criticised the Congress for
contradictory. favouring
and landlords and for ignoring the workerscapitalists
and
"By the time of independence, the Congress peasants.
was transformed intoa rainbow-like social
coalition broadly representing India's The Communist
diversity in terms of classes and castes,
religions and languages and various Party of lndia (CPI)
interests. " In the early 1920s communist groups emerged in
" This coalition-like character of
Congress different parts of India taking inspiration from the
gave it an unusual strength.
Bolshevik Revolution in Russia.
Tolerance and " In 1951 the communist party abandoned the path of
violent revolution and decided to participate in the
Management of Factions approaching general elections.
"Groups within party with diverse ideologies "AK Gopalan, SA Dange, EMS
are called factions. Some of these factions Namboodripad: PC
Joshi, Ajay Ghosh and P Sundarraya
were based on ideological considerations the notable leaders of the were among
CPL.
but very often these factions were rooted in
personal ambitions and rivalries.
"The coalition nature of the
Congress
Bhartiya Jana Sangh (BJS)
party tolerated and in fact encouraged " The Bhartiya Jana Sangh was
formed in 195l
with
various factions. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee as its founder President.
" Itemphasised the idea of
one country, one culture
and one nation and believed that
Emergence of the country could
become modern, progressive and strong on the basb
Opposition Parties of Indian culture and
traditions.
" The roots of almost all the
Non-Congress
parties of today can be traced to one or the
other of the opposition parties of the 1950s.
Swatantra
"
Swatantra
Party
party was 1959.The
" These opposition parties offered a sustained party was led by old formed in August in
and often principled criticism of the policies C.
Rajgopalachari, Congressmen like
and practices of the Congress party. Minoo Masani. KM Munshi, NG Ranga and
" The
"This kept the ruling party under check and party was critical of the strategyol
often changed the balance of power within State
intervention in the development
centralised
the Congress. planning, nationalisationeconomy,
privatesector.sector.
instead favoured expansionandoftheafreepublic
 , Ans.First U InU 4In s. ImS, I.The Questions
Mark d1
Ome signed largest
Teady Whenparty. Elections?
largest 2010
Delh seats Seats election
In election Bhartiya one tWhich he Mukherjee
1Delhi.Prasad
inonSangh?
The All Who 2. number All Congress
other Duringthe .
Constituent did it P)"On party Which Indio
364
the which which nation? idea BJS Conmmunist ATION
into won general did did first
was 2014 party.
and was seats Jana political was
party held to of
EKAMIYEARS'
NREVIOUS
effect? 16 the the year year India
2014 the two won
the seatselection All general Lok one Shyama
startedby
and India
in next
Congress in Sangh Delhi founder duringWhich first
emerged was country, Party more
Assembly?When India. was Sabha 2014 party
Delhl
Constitution and
Communist 2009 the three
by held largest the the October,1951
21st of
emerged General 1952 election, thesepartyseats
2013 laid India.
of
members in as win? AIfirst
l held? first general
QUESTIONS
India one Bhartiya
1952. the party win? emphasis elections?stood than
Party general general
ofsecond HoW how 2012 pelhi culture
India
of Congress
of
second elections,
atany
the many
2014
India many Jana
and on

Ans. Or Or Ans. Or Or Ans.

8. 7. 6.
electionJana theWhat Communist Congress
60 ofMarch In Communist
WhereCongress Congress
elections? tParty
he Assembly after India
When Party. The byThePartyWhenNarendra Delhi January,
November,
was Name
Socialist
2013All whichName Congress 1950.Members The
outseats which Acharya
Congress first partyCongress 2013 Constitution
of given
Sangh were 1957 come and India's and formed was was the the
of 126 in party time was of
the Elections? founder
to 1949.
1952? Party
Assembly All when
to
face state Statewhere Narendra the founded
Devpolitical Constituent
Kerala
in the seats. India named Socialist
facethrough power independence?
this
Party defeat did Congress
in before It was
theelection won Government India? came
All defeat 2008 did the was party
Legislature after Dev President
Party. ready
first
lndla and Elections.
the Party party
by
inthe All Indian in the inindependence. Assembly
into
2011 largest democratic
in the India
March 1948 Al Acharya after and
general
Bhartiya symbols Kerala Communist 194. wasSocialist
first India of name
What effect
winning The world 2009 as
founded signed
number National formed Delhi 2009
India 1948? of
in 1957 the onon
of for
2011 non 26th 26th by
 Ans. 13. Ans. Election
12. Ans. 11. Aus. 10. As, . 130
thartiya the dominanwe
itdependene
Nystem, He thatiya
tlomianwe,
Diterentiate Nangth
ana al
() () The8uccess? Constituent
NOTSelections WhyDrafting Drafting
Dr Who The....... set word. Fil (i) following ldeas
(i)
: Bhartiya on China. )
tw o BR up One
Bharat., Re which wuntry aty lany
Universal uniform
very contextcountries
EuropeofTIIlIndia AIl d
diAmbedkar was inAkhand
mid reasons Indla in he
tountry, unlon Jana meanNCongiea
bold Committee dotnance' (ak)
was Montion ( 0) inthe Committee thJanuary, e tw o dana fo of
lndia's of Commiaaion blanku ofSanglh and
andAdult rlghts the a 2008 Indin
are critics Aswembly? Chairman main exiNtenee On one
Paty between
poor was one lndla atly
risky.
experiment to 20th as
NanghComnnlkt
he wan
Pranchise andfollows any will of with culture lald
all think the the 1950. and ideaa? othe xtmmply
n ln
arty e (e
century of cmplhasts laid of the 'one
women,glv¹nhadnot literate not chalrman
twO Constitutlon. oulydemoeratle a xynbul
Al lIhndl a the of uppropriate andPaklstan
palh i of and varly
:
reason8. bea that the emphaaia All meanayalem party
appeared wlth many India
2ono one in dl a Party one one
yearn
In country. of 2og9 on paity
Cptewieh
et
this natlon. in 2010 i paty
the wa# tlhe olet
ln
Ats. Or Ans. 2. |the14,
All Delhl
2014
3. The play? what
Indian In
Questlons Marks
1, D2
hhatlya in
Sangh
are Indla
P'eatures 2013Mention Highlight
ideology (1) (1) Il denocrate()Heneval Aet-up helyParty Ilow
whieh Ni19A0nwe
(i) (1) Bhartiyu (() apite Lok
basis
moden, One It opponitkon
This andolten These CODNervatlve
Imoderate (enue lactlons,
vatloun'arty The tulvod
emphaslsed
belleved HoTS role aowodaled in indid party
cultute of practlces legialaturen of coalitloneletlonn
ealabliabinHn in Janata Nabha?
of any of kept
prncipled partles tolerated net India? the th e
the duna Aldid token Le.
lndlan
progresslve Bhurtiyn any the Indla and up firat elennnhaa004unil pers
that and ldeology two partles th e dominanee Pary
Sunghw two rullng ofoflered 2014 the vevolutlonary with
he nalure elpedIn oalhi been
culture the one the the
reproaOulation
oppoaition and Indla woTA, throe
important fentures
ritlisn play during right radieal, all (4) B008
country ldea ol Jana Congress l PoLItGAL
and natlon. party a th e establishny
of in n Delhigenenl
demoeratie
and the
of idooloKy. sustalned the with
lat the
2015 o wan
strong of
lollowing exuemst hades lollowny
onc Bhariya under the enaged Congen Cngroaa Halniuy
traditions could fvutures Sangh. of l'atty le parties let witli
counuy the olecis
on
becoe ek poliie and ilties, in
paibt, ol
the Jaa roles the he wayy a
with
ol
 AnS. Ans. Ans. Ans.
8. ¤n 7. 6. 6. TheAms. A
Election
2004 Method MOTS:
Delhl
2009 the from How seatsCongress held
371 Sabha One-party What Following
dominance maintaining
HOTS; How first inThe Al
Election l
accommodating
Whenjdeological country,
nationBhartiya
Cong (i) (i) India Congress and
ideology Explain
the January Indio CHAPTER of
in Congress
dgwn alreadythinkparty The ChiefElection difference
All
in General the has Lok out
as "ss did major the
following of of of well1952, Indian is India 2013;set-up? was or
Sabha 494 won dominance party meant Congress
and reasons
are Election Hindutva.
one Jana
Jana 02:
1952
voting General the to ofa of the Commissioner?
1950. and
and between the
1957 the started 2011 Commission Delhi the culture,
Electionmethod and 364 as in hadstrategy, Congress
by Congress its Bhartiya
Sangh major Era
to elections. in context? 2010 Whodiversities. social
social Sangh.
ways the has seats
in State and first bylocal an the was dominance Sukumar Election
Commissioner. Whereas one
changed Election
General 1962 three
'one-party
means organisational
its time
responsible for was emphasisedideology
coalitions, between of that One-Party
out l962 levels.
campaign. the already Party Jana difference
of of Assemblies. nation
2004? voting won All Congress other Party Sen of Commission its Delhi of
of generalin India India Sangh
of 1957,
489,indominance
both
Congress 2014 the
Electionfromn 361 well-organised till till became first
dominance' parties 1967: i.e.
1952 2009 succeed was on Congress Dominance of
General changed out Lok
elections network 1967? Hindu one
was
In had Chief
of to of 1952, could set-up
the formed
of party that
494 in of

Ans. 10. Ans.

Or 1. 9.
dominance other one-party
countries?
What
the theWhat formedcommon
Desai. Coalition
the parties
which
government at What
government? CommunistThe(iü)
and Thesocialist
HOTS; List
Explain.
Dal2016hl Questions
4Marks (i) (ii) ()
first the Communist tw o vote
for.
socialism.
titled Communist
revolutionary
socialism
whereas
Socialist (EVMS ).the toBy narme was alof
l
paper After
Congress Congress inclination.
ideological democratic AIl anyElectronic
examples
distinguisheddistinguished at is
coming centre? is China
time
minimum formed differences India 2004 required
the government towards
meant whereas and two the
of carried the
dominance (C)
inExplains. coalition
centre formedfor party 2008 the
the candidates first
together communist
differences
other Party Party by Delhi VWhen by PartyParty entire
candidates to the
of programme. the believed between
socialistthe two
under different 2008 Socialists
ideology
Party's
was put
one is coalition Soviet believed were Voting names
countries? government was country elections
inthe All in inthe on a aand
India government : stamp
partyIndia the the time
first
the the in parties.
between Machine they
other
dominance Indladominance political hadUnion ideology the and
PM basis in had the
In coalition on
voter
wanted tosymbols
no
2017 from
from Morarji was1977, and shifted the ballot
of such
of the 131
the
of of
 Ans. Or Ans. Or 132
2.
reasons : its
had(iü)It Del2011hi Describe dominance
responsible
TheCongress All theExplain
of been
manipulatedcountries,
butdominated
in it party Mexico, In the
glorious
leadership atmosphere. fairCongress
butMany regular country
political
held atDuring One-party
examples the India How
(i)
dominance india turned Countries
Vallabhbhai
Jawaharlal
Nehru
was
Jawaharlal Socialist
nature. support
middleelites, The Congress first dominance charismatic, world?
popular
leader.
very a done to other
2016, 1952 different was
Congress into rule
Constitution legacy system have
popular
many educated any election
in of party dominance
classes Party any Delhithree for of one
from party fo r the the like Congresspolitical to
till four dictatorship. about of of dissimilarities. HOTS; one
Nehru,
Patel 2013
four general the country. China, the effective intervals won1962, is
peasants 1967 inth e light were Congress multi-party fromparty
people.
business
party succeed
reasons things
Indiaall parties Del hi
party
etc. India factors Congress 6 the in
C due dominance of decades, permitCongress leaders in200Bdominance
Rajgopalachari, like was democracy. often The Cuba, elections. in every India the
Moreover faces elections. and
charismatic and because It to in till In party also India dominance
supported
also
classes maintaining the which for riggedtheseMexico's only Syria party inspiring election Indian other
1967. Party but and system. and
got following participated in
the acontinue Elections
of and of have and finally single and in the free other OChopterwise
its the were PRI India. of
by in and in
An.The 4. Ans.
3.
holdingbefore discovered
India' s hold Delhi
2013Election
in holding
(i) Fkplain (ii) (ii) programmes SwatantraC lndia2013All 1959? Who (v) (iv) CBSE
January (i) programmes
Rajagopalachari (iii)
onstituencies.Holdingor free Election eóoperativeceilings
expansion the
The centralised of
individual
freedom.
Itgovernment The
controlling
prosperity dominance. partyone The benefit
consciousness narrowattained movement.
elitedisobedience
of civil at
drawing the size.
state was founded During
popularised Congress
the and Describe grass Solved
Election that Commissionthe any Swatantra public Swatantra traditional
First 1950 critical Party
an Following Commission fair First in intervention of from massperiod root
election it four
agriculture, of
sector.
planning, could the party of th e
the General election was and farming a to was upper Popers
due level.worked
Commission Party free of in this any the
popularity,
boundaries problems be Congress
of to of
were not the General It the economy.
come lessPartywere:1959. founded Swatantra localities continued the low
required Election commission of privateinstead party. three Nehru Congress
the
to at
:
in
going of was
and nationalisation development in wanted electorate. level
the a India India and the only and Three POLITICAL
country state against by policies Congress. made a participation
ji.
of problems of to Election. before opposed sector. favoured economy, believed
Itless
of but
Congress level
delimitation
the :
India be was
through the policies Party political was
ftrading. involved the
electoral of
easy set-up land strategy as
for the and powerful SCIENCE
to and that and in in well
in as
 Ans. AS
A.
6. 6.
D C B D C B Match (ii)
D C B A
Match A. (iv) (ii)
A.
D.
B.
Dange
S.A. challenge. literate.
The Only vote.to
rolls,
CHAPTER It
Mehta
AshokMasani
Mukherjee
Minoo Shyam
Prasad DangeSA Mehta Ashok Masani
Mukherjee
Minoo Shyam
Prasad
Gopalan AK Acharya
Narendra Dev Upadhyaya Dayal
DeenKidwai
AhmedRafi GopalanAKAcharya
Narendra Dev als o
Ahmned
DeenKidwai
UpadhyayaDayal Rafi the 02
the vast 15 or
required :
following following sizeof per the Ero
cent list
of
country ofpreparing of
3. 2. 1. 4. 4 3. 2. 1. all One-Porty
1. 2. 4. 3 4. 3. 2. 1. eligible
AIl Del hi the
Indi a Party
Swatantra
Socialist
Praja Communist
Bhartiya
PartyYSangh Jana IndiaParty
of Communist
IndiaParty
of SocialistSwatantra
PartyPraja Bhartiya
PartySangh Jana was
Bharatiya Indian India
Communist
Jana National
Sangh Congress (M) of
Party Party
Socialist
Praja CommunistIndia
(M) of Party
Socialist
Praja
Party Congress National
IndianSangh
BharatiyaJana 2012 citizens the
2012 a
voters
big electoral Dominance
India
2012All
were eligible

Ans.
Ans. Or 7.
Or Or 8.
1952.
Delhi
2011 A D. C.
Match
A.
How 1952.
elections in in
Describe the
Highlight D C. B. B.
votingelections
TheadoptedWhat
(ii) (i) India the Rajagopalachari
Lohia NamboodiripadC EMS
following Lohia
Rajagopalachari
voting Rammanohar C
Madhok
Balraj EMS Rammanohar Madhok
Balraj
technique a of
paper In
purpose. 20
t hey to
voter the was
During has All Namboodiripad the
stamp all 3rd lakh dropelection methods was method
India
wanted got placed any the following
he
tcarried the
in inthe andafter the
methods
to steel into 2010
on 13th
candidates a changesIndia? the untilmethod the oftwo changes
worked the th blank
e symbol in
first in first method
the boxes to each India voting
general vote box general first significant 4 3 2 All
ballot All two 2004. in 4 2. 3.
India
candidates's names
for were introduced
of after India
pooling of India
two PartySocialist SanghCommunist
JanaParty Party
Swatantra
and for. of of voting in introduced Sangh Swatantra
Bhartiya
Jana Communist
PartyParty
Indiaof Bharatiya IndiaSocialist
of Party 2012
40 election, e
candidates.
thpaper election general
(C) voting Delhi India
years. votes and used
Initially 1952 general
candidate booth 2008 (C) changes after
name.symbols for and : in changed
had ballot a the 2008 since 133
thisabout with
had Each box
in
This put
 Ans. Or Or Or 9. 134
follows democratic independence
: the The played alsotoken many opposition Atduring
1957.
1952
and maintaining List theof they
the system. parties
despite activities
During 1957.Del2010democratic
hi first What
parties
Briefly
(iü) (i) (ii)
the
afterbut Congress. In check
andParty.
sustainedThese
policies
Parliament four in country.Commission
introduced
Elcctronic
was
Voting
powers. the and wasKeraladefeated representation state opposition time any played two In
misuse 1957, a is the
said
criticised activities crucial the the in used
Government This opposition character of four had Parliaments meant explain
of
and assemblies. India Machine end
that that by in Independence, it a a early
fact system?
the extensively
of balance
phenomena and of
Kerala,
CPI practices roleincreased, parties activities How? crucial the token of
1952 of by the
constitutional itCongress
was
by principled Del2008(hCi) democratic thatyears opposition All 1990s,
the and the of in in opposition Indla (EVM))
parties andmaintaining representation, role
the under Congress of the Yet the and Describe
opposition made power opposition Parliaments of All role the of all the
of 1957 system. their Lok but Indla
of of 2011
first dismissed indicated the offered afterthere opposition 1952 of over andElection
Article criticism it the independence,
in opposition
government, are 2008 during
emergency
instance was of
Congress presenceSabha gained character the in
the were and any in
leaders duringas the 2004 Chapterwise
356. the the and a
of only the two
of the it
It

Ans.In Ans. D C A 10. CBSE

11. B
C. B
D A. Match
from country. inspired
CPIsolutionRussia to
Communist
was by Explain ChRama
RaoNT Dayal
Upadhayaya Deen theygiven (iv) (iii)
l9201950. Charan Rama
RaoNTDayal
Deen
ChRajagopalachari
SinghUpadhayaya C Rajagopalachari C
worked Charan
Singh Founders state.
citizens) also weapons.
the resentment nuclcar
the and InSolved
1935 turning
parties also started
with party
and Founders founded.below
1950,
Communist
to the Indiagroomedopposition
withunder all it All the advOcated Hindi played 1957 inPapers:
agitation
advocated India names anti-democratic.
who These BJS
problems Party
functioning with as
different the pelhi developed with as
the 2009 wanted the parties the the itablewas
secured
BolshevikParty 4. 3. 2. for
of 2. 2010 the of leaders the torole POLITICAL
umbrella 3. Bhartiya
1 Jana 4.
the official
th e
socialism India Sangh Telugu
LokDal Party Desham
Bhartiya Swatantra Party system
replace
ideologies. affecting Political
Parties political to of 4 to
of LokDal Party
Desham Swatantra
TeluguSangh Party
Political and prevented
of founders shape
development opposition scats,
language secure
India (young
Revolution from the Jana powerful from English
of the as parties The SCIENCE
CongresS (CPI) Parties scats 3
the the
1920 and
ofand
of
 Ats. 42,
Ur as: The the Telangana.
dominanceparticipate
How d with In
Questions
Marks
1. B6 Example
the ofgradually were
thus, challenge
the atrocities
and collusion ofalso partyestablish
crisis politics? Itsairaised
in alsohampered. Germany CHAPTE:REra02
1941,
HOTS;
statement.
JustifyAII the HOTS;
Delhi
2014 been "For (iiü) (i) (i) Constitution one
democratic that
India"Congress
ideological coalition". demnocracy
In
wrongful found so of did encouraged Congress
the
Gandhi.
Indira
Defiance Punjab
Inand
Gandhi,
Courtrespectively. CPl
a a powerful the party India relation its in
1975-1977 1951 denied the anarchy the There
sociallong opportunity
constitutional Delhi voicesupported
and one-party executive system' election.
general World
2013 and amendments verdict dominance prevalence 2009 was party The
in was
to imposed in after of
coalition had Justify andtime, Supreme the of their that and nature violent
Constituent
real War
1975, India One-Party
red-tapism the inflicted.
with passed tyranny adversely CPI therefore, the
remained Congress order domninance Fundamental to the or
the
ideological emergencyNehru politicsCountry.
of uprising
decided merely British
establish party order. system
for Court of bureaucracy
were by India of
statement
a Allahabad and People
were and fone-party Assembly
witnessed. can he
tdared It a against Dominance
of made tried affect to in
longsocial a Party in affecting wrongful courts. made
brought facade.
India Indra be Rights
Kerala to to
period" seen in and and
had by
High th e
and It
Ans.
Or Or 2. characterThere : gave After as
Or Or (iii)
Examine general Analyse of (iv) (ii) (i) an
The Examine for three Evaluate
Delhi
2012 lndia
2014first
the the dominance All (v)
Explain inpolitics
one Party's interest It With it its
ideological
Congress representing rainbow-like
languagesclasses Congress
social By owners,
anddwellers
Peasants and launched, it upper theby The were
an
its the Ccngress
Indian three Congress. brought
party period decades the castes, Congress unusual origin
dominance. election. every
middle-class many
dominance rise the time English
any has any and middle, and were
the political any general of was in
dominance. from and Party
reasons and all together civil
its and
three been to Congressthree
three castes,
India's ofindustrialists,
villagers,urbanoften strength. 1885
began factors
main after transformed
various Independence, found social
disobedience speaking, social
fall continue Delhi lower Congress
termed 1952 in contradictory.
factorsAll factors
independence. coalition
broadly diverse andcoalition-likefoitrs
as
lndla
in of scenariofactorselectionsreasons 2014 the forreligions diversity space base
India.
to the interests. and
workers urban a coalition
Do Party first the upper party
(C) 1966 to widened.
as into upper
in groups, Party
2008that you Congress
responsible that dominance
for and movement elite.
an dominatefor in in the the dominated which
All in three a and caste,
agree? era inIndia India. the terms classes evolved
helped Indian almost helped the whose
135
of 2009 of
it
 Ans.
3. Ans. 136
Mexico.
only
dominanceThere india
2012All different
Mexico? two How
(i) traditional
(vi)The During(v) (iv) (iii)
had It dominance The
(ii) ())
dictatorshíp.
Mexico behalf Innot
Institutional dominance. electorate.
party
one the the elite
disobediencc
movement.
mass civil at Vallabhbhai
waspolitical was popularised due to
Congress popular
leader.
Jawaharlalvery
Jawaharlal
Nehru peasants cducated candidatcs.
Congress
classes ThestrugglcMany asthe lhe The Congress
India, grass
dominance In a In low of freedom
Congress roots
of Mexico, in from 'one popularity, Congress inheritor
ruled difference Congress
level period many peoplc. leaders
popular the root were till
India system your worked becausebusiness of
tparty
he Nchru,
Patel Raja C 1967Party
onCongress
Revolutionary of level popular of
behalf because this and opinion, loyalities political of It Party now whostruggle. the Party thissucceed
consensus 'one continued Nchru but also cxtraordinary successofdue
wasbetween
One is
dominance' Congress
participation
at was ctc. of
the
the inupper
its
classescontesting
was national
were go to
of Party a better party Moreover faces
like got Congress back
:oneParty
which consciousness Congress charismatic socialist followlng in
perfect one
made powerful supported
support and
in
Party but
dominated was level gopalachari, forefront maintaining
party to
systemparty and system Congress, benefitto middle
movement.
clections the O
(PRI) of in as nature. was Chapterwise
attained
narrow well from reasons
system why? the India and by lcgacy
in in from of seen
of on of as clites its
a a as the
of :
Ans. CBSE
5.
followselection
as: The election
poor guiding
(iii) (ii) (i) philosophy. e1952
Election, the thExplain (iv) (iii) dominance : In
Accommodates (ii) (i) Indía
our (i)InSolved
India. Nehru
failure gamble
Organiser
'Organiser' in
scholars
appeared
, history. In
with nearlyEurope
prosperous
democracy 1951 significance It and world.
history maintains
Bear same.
the
Ensure based
wereon
was in participation Encourage dominated
is PRI.by place,
this held was opiníon
better
was
universal and illiterate principle and India howrespect also
India,
of
would regard,
everyone and held where Popers:
state in the Andpeople´s Al of democratic
universal of very 21st because one clections
fair free
wrote countries
North hadbetween 1952 of India' big s democracy
of
india were the
even large
live
magazine country.
that boldadultIndia's was existedFebruary, India' test
s democratic 2008 general party
malpractices,
but the and
to could representation number social clectiorns in POLITICAL
Mexico,losing
adult that America a for this fair
confess
itand
wasfranchise literate. i.e., 25th of
first landmark spirit dominance-like
experiment first
bedemocracy opposition. diversities sort
Jawaharlal named risky. only1952. general all of
franchise the mainly October, understood elections as of election
where general well of
the biggest in over 8CIENCE
Some, Earlier
the
in is in as took
in the
in a of
 (iv) (ii) general :
Following
(iü) election(i) (vi) (v) DominCHAPanceTER (iv)
conduct Over
completed.
Delimitationprepared.
the Electoralset-up The practiseddemocratic
conditions It It seats.
of there
scat,conducted
represented The
electoral Election
prOved democracy was
3 02:
lakh in steps no It 86were first
the roll
January anywhere that longer became with general Era
officers
elections
constituencies were of
elections 314 for
orCommission
of 26
democracy poverty all tWO of
drawing eligible taken constituencies Indian 489
1950. possible over a
and landmark seats clections
constítuencies, One-Porty
were in could
voters to the or the
polling the lack and states.
trained. was
of hold
world. could to
world.
boundaries India not
argue which
was of inone
staff the At
be be
education. the with with
was first held that that were
to history one
three time
of in

Ans.
UValue
1.
It
following socialist forced
Constitution
having 1948,moregroup formed The Mention compelled
(ii) criticised
(i) Delhl separate
2016they Highlight
peasants.
landlords.
For For Congress
the a radical the of criticised
ignoring within
favouring two party dual Congress young any Based
tsocialists
he socialist
to and the the
grounds inparty Socialist
the
CongresS prevent leaders two
the 1948. egalitarian thesocialists
circumstances
capitalists membership. amended Congress
to
workers form
groundspartyQuestion
Congress
: its who Party
party
members
a
and separate Congress.
iwanted
ts in
(CSP) in to
and on on
1934 1948. form
the This Party.
which that(VBQ)
was
from aby
In a 137