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33 views

Class VIII Daisy Work

Uploaded by

Kiran Mittal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 24

11.05.

2024
PRIME FACTORISATION OF PERFECT CUBES
i) 216
Prime factorisation of 216 is:

As we can see here, all the factors are in triplets form. So


216 is a perfect cube.
ii) 128
Prime factorization of 128 is:

128 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×2
As we can see here, all the factors are not in triplets form.
So, 128 is not perfect cube.
EX-4B
Q.1. State which of the following are perfect
cubes using the method of prime
factorisation:-
a. 23328
Ans. Prime factorization of 23328 is (2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
× 3 × 3 × 3 × 3)
It needs number 2 so that it will make perfect cube. Hence it
is not perfect cube.
b. 10648
Ans. On prime factorization of given number,
10648= 2×2×2×11×11×11
= 2×11
= 22
Hence, the given number is a perfect cube of 22.

Q.2. The smallest number by which 5400 must be multiplied


so that it becomes a perfect cube:
a. 5400
Ans. 5400=2×2×2 × 3×3×3 × 5×5=23×33×52
We should multiply 5400 with 5 to get a perfect cube.
b. 24,696
Ans. First factorise 24696.
Its factors are 2×2×2×3×3×7×7×7.
Here 3 is coming only two times but for making perfect cube
we need three numbers. So we will multiply 24696 with 3.
Then we will get 74088.
Q.3. What is
the smallest number that must divide each of
the following numbers to make it
a perfect cube?
a. 3,70,440
Ans. 370440 can be written as 2 × 2 ×2 ×3 ×3
×3 × 5 × 7 ×7 ×7

So, it must be divided with 5 to make it a


perfect cube.
13.05.2024
CUBES AND CUBE ROOTS
Finding the cube roots by Prime Factorisation:
Let us find the cube root of
a. 64.
64 = √ 2× 2× 2× 2 ×2 ×2 = 2×2 = 4 ans.
3

64
b.- 125

Let us find the cube root of 64.


As we know that cube root of 64 is 4.
And we have to find the cube root of 125.
= √ 5 ×5 ×5 = 5
3

64 4
Hence cube root of - 125 is - 5 ans.
PROPERTIES OF THE CUBE ROOTS:
Units Digit of the cube root:-
Units place of 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
the cube
Units place of 0 1 8 7 4 5 6 3 2 9
the cube roots
2. Number of digits in the cube root:
729 = 9 × 9×9
2nd group 1st group

There are two groups, so the cube root of 729 has two
digits.

Ex- 4C
Q.1. Find the cube roots of the following:
a. (9)3 = 9 × 9 × 9
Cube root of (9)3 = √ 9 ×9 × 9 = 9 ans.
3

b. (-6)3 = -6 × -6 × -6
Cube root of (-6)3 = √−6 ×−6 ×−6 = -6 ans.
3

Q.2. Find the cube roots of the following cubic


numbers by prime factorization:
a. 343
Sol. 343 = √ 11×11×11
3
= 11 ans.
d. 4.096
4096
Sol. 4.096 = 1000

4096 = √ 16 ×16 ×16 = 16


3
1000 = √ 10 ×10 ×10 = 10
3

4096 16
Cube root of 1000 = 10 = 1.6 ans
Q.3. Find the units digits of the cube roots of
the following cubic numbers:
a. 17576
Sol. 6
e. -32768
Sol. 2
Q.4. Find the tens digits of the cube roots of
the following cubic numbers:
a. 17576
Sol. (6)3 = 6
After that, we have to leave the three
digits from right side of given question.
17576
Now 17 is remaining. So 17 is between the
(2)3 and (3)3. Check that (3)3 > 17. Hence
leave (3)3.
Take 2. So answer is 2.
Q.5. Find the cube roots of the following
perfect cubes using estimation:
a. 592704
Ans. Make the pair of that number by using 3
digits.
592 704
592 is 2nd group and 704 is 1st group
In 704, see units digit, that is 4. The unit digit
of its cube root is 4.
Take 592, The largest cubic number less than
592 is 512. That is (8)3.
So the tens digit is 8 and units digit is 4. So
answer is 84.

.
14.05.2024
Playing With Numbers
Magic Squares
3 × 3 Magic Square

It has 3 rows and 3 columns. So it is called 3 × 3 magic


square.

4 × 4 Magic Square
It has 4 rows and 4 columns. So it is called 4 × 4 magic
square.
GENERAL FORM OF A NUMBER
We know that the number 362 can be written as:
362 = 3 × 100 + 6 × 10 + 2
So, if we write abc,
abc = a × 100 + b × 10 + c = 100a + 10b +c
Similarly:
3a4 = 3 × 100 + a × 10 + 4 = 300 + 10a +4
15/05/2024
Playing With Numbers
Ex- 6 A
Q.1. Look at this sum. What will be the biggest digit in
the box?
a b c
+ x y z
p q r
Q.2. Find the values of the unknowns:
a. 3 4 a 6
+ b 1 6 8
1 1 6 4 4

c. a 7 b
- 3 9 8
4 c 7

16/05/2024
Playing With Numbers
Ex- 6 A
Q.7. Make a 3 × 3 magic square to get a sum equal
to 54.
Ans.
17 22 15
16 18 20
21 14 19

y-1 y+4 y-3


y-2 y y+2
to build the 3 × 3
Formula
magic
y+3 y-4 y+1 square
Q.8. Make a 4 × 4 magic with 16 consecutive
numbers starting from 31. What is the magic sum?
Ans. Numbers starting from 31 - 31, 32, 33, 34,
35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46
31 32 33 34
35 36 37 38
39 40 41 42
43 44 45 46
46 32 33 43
35 41 40 38
39 37 36 42
34 44 45 31

Table for the Divisibility Test


Divisibility by number Divisibility rule
Divisibility by 2 The last digit should be even.

The sum of the digits should be


Divisibility by 3 divisible by 3.

The last digit should either be 0 or


Divisibility by 5 5.

The sum of the digits should be


Divisibility by 9 divisible by 9.

Divisibility by 10 The last digit should be 0

1.as. 2(7)54(8)×3 =(8)2(6)(4)4........


7#3=4
2#1=1
-
7@3=17
14+3=17

17/05/2024
Representing Solids on Paper
Views of 3-D Shapes
Solid shapes, also known as 3D shapes or three-dimensional shapes, are
geometric objects that exist in three dimensions: length, width, and height.

Faces, Edges, and Vertices of Solid Shapes


Face
A face refers to any single flat surface of a solid object. Solid shapes can have
more than one face. The polygonal regions which a solid is made of are called
faces.
Edges
An edge is a line segment on the boundary joining one vertex (corner point) to
another. They serve as the junction of two faces. The faces meet at edges which
are lines.
Vertices
A point where two or more lines meet is called a vertex. It is a corner. The point
of intersection of edges denotes the vertices. These edges meet at vertices which
are points
View of 3D Shapes
Any three-dimensional figure or shape has a top view, side view, and front view.
Top View: Shape of the object when you see the object from the top or from
directly above called as Top view of an object.
Side View: Shape of the object when you see the object from one side as
mentioned in the below figure.
Front View: Shape of the object when you see the object from the front direction
as mentioned in the below figure.
Now look at the cube, we will look at the top view, side view, and front view

Front View:
All we see a front face which is a square.

Top View:

All we see a top view which is also a square.


Side View:
This is the side view (left and right) of the cube which also a square.
Cylinder

Top view: When we see the cylinder from the top then it looks like a circle.
Circle

Front View: When we see the cylinder from the front view then its looks like a
rectangle.

Front View

Side View: When we see the cylinder from the side view then its looks like a
rectangle.
Side View

Square Pyramid
A pyramid is a 3-dimensional geometric shape formed by connecting all the
corners of a polygon to a central apex.
Side view of pyramid will look like a triangular shape for left and right side.
Bottom of the pyramid has square shape.
Faces = 5
Edges = 8
Vertices = 5

Triangular Pyramid
Side view of the pyramid will look like a triangular shape for the left and right
sides.
Bottom of the pyramid has a triangle shape.
Faces = 4
Edges = 6
Vertices = 4

Cone

Cone
Side view for cone, it will look like a triangle.
From the top, it will look like a circle.
Faces = 2
Edges = 2
Vertices = 1
2. What is Euler’s formula for polyhedron?

Solution:

Euler’s formula for polyhedron states that for solid shape, number of vertices (V) minus the
number of edges (E) plus the number of faces (F) always equals to 2.

So, F + V – E = 2

(iv) A square pyramid F – E + V = 2 ⇒5-8+5=2 ⇒10-8=2 ⇒2=2

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