Unit 1: scaling the heights

1.a reading

1. scale the heights be successful

ex: the athlete scaled the heights when he won
gold on his all races
2. bare-bones (a) basic; e.g: a bare-bones budget: ngân sách cơ
bản
3. the bare bones of the basic facts
sth e.g: the bare bones of the story
4. tandem (n) xe đạp đôi
5. staggering (a) surprising, shocking, unbelievable, mind-
/ˈstæɡərɪŋ/ boggling
ex: the banker earns a staggering two billion
dollars per year.
6. top-notch (a) excellent, of the highest quality
= excellent, ex: the restaurant is really top-notch
cracking, first-rate, ex: the major football teams rely on top-notch
ace sponsors to finance them.
7. acclaim (n) sự đánh giá, khen…
ex: international/popular/critical acclaim
8. acclaim (v) praise, welcome sb/sth publicly
e.g: this painting is acclaimed as a masterpiece.
e.g: the book has been widely acclaimed as a
modern classic
9. exclusive (a) only, sole, unique – duy nhất, độc quyền
→ exclusivity (n): e.g: the hotel has a exclusive access to the
sự độc quyền beach
exclusiveness

10. exclude (v) loại trừ

 >< include : bao gồm
11. inclusive (a) bao hàm, bao gồm
→
inclusion/inclusivi
ty/ inclusiveness
12. inclusionary (a) bao hàm → inclusionary vison.
>< exclusionary
13. essentials (n) những thứ thiết yếu
14. quest (n) search
(formal) ex: the quest for happiness/knowledge/
ex: he set off in quest of adventure..
15. quest for sth (v) search for sth
– formal
16. stunt (n) a dangerous or difficult action that entertain
people
e.g: he did a stunt that jumped over a car.
17. fearlessness (n) không sợ
ex: he had shown his fearlessness in the face of
danger.
18. hail (v) acclaim,acknowledge
ex: the book has been widely hailed as a
modern classic
19. execute (v) perform, do sth
– thực hiện– ex: They drew up and executed a plan to
formal reduce fuel consumption
ex: the computer has executed your
commands.
20. gaping (a) big and wide
ex: a gaping hole/wound/mouth
→ gape (v)
21. spontaneous (a) not planned, decide at that time
22. upbringing (n) sự nuôi dưỡng → bring up
e.g: His upbringing in the UK and Dubai
made him open to other cultures.
1.b vocabulary
1. baby boom (n) a period when many babies are born than
usual. → baby boomer (n): a person was born
during this period
2. bring about cause →e.g: what brought about in his
attitudes
3. budding (a) beginning to develop; become successful
chớm nở, mới thành công
e.g: budding artist/writer/entrepreneur.
4. realise one’s achieve/fulfill one’s ambitions/goals
ambitions thực hiện được tham vọng, hoài bão
ex: she realised her ambitions when she
became a doctor.
5. accrue (v) accumulate; increase over a period of time
(formal) dồn lại, tích lũy
accrue sth e.g: interest will accrue if you save your
money in a saving account
e.g: economic benefits eccruing to the country
from tourism.
6. industrious (a) hard-working
7. accomplish (v) succeed in doing sth
=finish, complete, → accomplishment
achieve, fulfill. e.g: she accomplished her career goals by the
age of 50
8. troubleshoot (v) analyse and solve serious problems for the
 company. → xử lí sự cố
9. troubleshooter người khắc phục sự cố
(n) >< troublemaker
10. troubleshooting the process of solving problems.
(n)
11. troublesome (a) rắc rối, khó khăn
e.g: troublesome cough/problem
12. bold (a) brave, fearless.
e.g: few people have been bold enough to
criticise the manager.
→ bold as brass (idm): táo bạo
→ be/make as bold as to do sth (idm): mạnh
dạn làm gì (formal)
13. gutsy (a) brave and determined = bold
=plucky (a): gan dạ
=courageous (a):
can đảm
14. mediocre (a) not very good; if only average standard.
/ˌmiːdiˈəʊkə(r)/ tầm thường
>< top-notch (a): excellent; of the highest
→ mediocrity (n)
quality
e.g: a mediocre musician/performance
e.g: I thought the play was so mediocre.
e.g: Although mediocre, I make a conscious
effort to fulfill my goals.
15. mediocrity (n) sự tầm thường
e.g: his acting career started brilliantly, then
sank into mediocrity.
16. honourable (a) deserving great respect. – đáng kính
→ honour (n,v) e.g: if you lost, it would be honourable to
congratulate the winner.
17. noble (a) cao quý trong phẩm chất
ex: it is noble of him to forgive her mistakes.
18. vain (a) useless
→ in vain (idm): without success.
19. vainglorious (a) tính hay khoe khoang
→ vainglory (n)
20. mercy (n) humanity – nhân từ
21. merciless (n) tàn nhẫn
22. pitiless (a) show no pity; cruel
=ruthless: tàn nhẫn
→ ruthlessness
23. selfless (a) care for other people more than yourself.
→ selflessness (n) e.g: it takes a selfless person to volunteer to the
>< selfish community.

23. impartial = khách quan, công bằng, không thiên vị

objective
24. timid (a) nhút nhát rụt rè
→ timidity = nervous, shy, diffident,..

25. modest (a) humble, self-effacing : khiêm tốn

→ modesty (n):
tính khiêm tốn
=humbleness
→ immodest (a)
26. sentimental (a) tình cảm, đa cảm
>< unsentimental
27. sentimentalist người đa cảm
(n)
28. sentiment (n) opinion, view
 e.g: public sentiment is against any change in
the law.
e.g this is a sentiment i wholeheartedly agree
with. = completely
29. sentimentalize ủy mị hóa
(v) e.g: jack tried not to sentimentalise country life
30. upbeat (a) optimistic and happy - lạc quan vui vẻ
ex: the dance music created an upbeat mood at
the party.
31. downbeat (a) disappointed, pessimistic, depressing
ex: Their assessment of the UK’s economic prospects is
downbeat.

32. triumphant (a) showing great pleasure or joy about a victory

/traɪˈʌmfənt/ or success
ex: a triumphant smile on his face
ex: he felt triumphant when he won the gold
medal.
33. triumph (n) winning, victory, accomplishment
34. triump over sb chiến thắng
e.g: triumphed over the enemies.
35. apprehensive nervous about the future – e ngại
(a) /ˌæprɪˈhensɪv/ ex: he felt apprehensive about spending
money.
→ apprehension (n) ex: you have no reason to be apprehensive of
=anxiety the future

36. apprehend (v) catch sb and arrest them

(formal +C2) e.g: the theft was apprehended in the act of
stealing a car
e.g: the police have apprehended an armed
suspect near the scene of the prime.
37. apprehend (v) understand and recognise sth
e.g: eventually he apprehended the danger
38. apprehension sự bắt giữ tội phạm
(n) (formal) → the apprehension of the terriorists in the
early hour of this morning.
39. conceit (n) sự tự phụ, cho là quan trọng
40. conceited (a) self-centre, vain, vainglorious
ex: you are conceited if you think you’re a
person mattering
41. concede (v) admit, confess to sth : thừa nhận, cộng nhận,
thú nhận
e.g: i had to concede the logic of these
sentiments
42. ignorant (a) not have any knowledge or information about
/ˈɪɡnərənt/ things that you should know; not educated
dốt
→ ignorance ex: at that time i was young and ignorant, with
blissful ignorance little experience of the world
(idm)
ex: i was ignorant about/of modern technology.
ex:
43. pig-ignorant (a) very stupid, ngu như heo
44. ignoramus (n) người không có kiến thức’
/ˌɪɡnəˈreɪməs/ e.g: when it comes to music, i was a
wholeheartedly ignoramus
e.g: chemical ignoramus
45. headstrong (a) pig-headed : unwilling to change sth
= pig-headed bướng bỉnh, cứng đầu, ngoan cố
→ pig-headedness
(n)
46. stubborn (a) headstrong, unwilling to change
e.g: she can be as stubborn as a mule (=
 extremely stubborn) - cứng đầu, ngoan cố,
bướng
47. obstinate (a) stubborn, headstrong, pig-headed
/ˈɒbstɪnət/