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Basics of Information Technology - Full Notes

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32 views

Basics of Information Technology - Full Notes

Uploaded by

binu.janardhanan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Computer Application

Unit 1: Basics of Information Technology


Full Notes
1. Computer Basics
Definition: A computer is an automatic electronic device that processes input and produces
desired output.

The basic structure of the computer system is as follows –

A computer system consists of four main units:

1. Input Unit – The computer takes input through input devices. The most popular
input devices are mouse, keyboard, joystick, microphone, camera, etc.
2. Processing Device – The most important unit device of a computer is known as
CPU (Central processing Unit). A CPU is the brain of the computer. It is
responsible for all the functions and processes.
3. Memory Unit– It is a device that stores data or information in the computer's
memory. The data can be stored in memory for a temporary period or
permanently.
4. Output Device –This unit provides the result of the operation performed by the
computer. The most common used output devices are monitor and printer.
Characteristics of a Computer System
The characteristics of a computer system let us know about its capabilities. The following
are the key characteristics of the computer system.

Figure: Computer characteristics


a. Speed: The computer is a much faster device. A computer machine can solve very
complex problems faster than a person. It gives results within a second.
b. Data Storage: A computer system can store a large amount of data for a long
period of time. The data can be stored in internal as well as external devices. The
internal device of data storage is Hard disk and external storage devices are Pen
drive, External Hard disk, etc.
c. Accuracy: Computers can generate reliable results with high computational speed.
The output is dependent on the instructions and input data given to the computer.
d. Versatility: Computer can perform various tasks.
e. Diligence: Computer is free from tiredness, lack of concentration and fatigue. It
can perform most boring tasks continuously without any errors.
f. No IQ: It performs a task that is exactly as directed by the user because it does
not have intelligence.
g. Reliable: It always gives reliable output.

Computers work through an interaction of the hardware and software.


Hardware refers to the parts of the computer that you can see and touch. Hardware items
such as monitor, printer, mouse, keyboard, and other components are called as Hardware
devices
Software refers to instructions or programs that tell the hardware what to do. A word
processing program that we use to write letters is a type of software. The operating System
(OS) is software that manages the computer and the devices connected to it.

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