Unit 6.

GLOBAL WARMING
VOCABULARY
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. We need to cut down on the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
A. intake B. retake C. uptake D. discharge
2. Land erosion is mainly caused by widespread deforestation.
A. afforestation B. reforestation C. logging D. lawn mowing
3. In the past, a lot of countries denied having contributed to global warming.
A. agreed B. refuted C. approved D. avoided
4. Most people admit that they contribute to global warming.
A. be partly responsible for B. disapprove
C. neglect D. cause
5. We must admit that people are heavily polluting the environment.
A. decline B. rebut C. deny D. accept
6. In the polluted environment, infectious diseases can be passed easily from one person to another.
A. fatal B. safe C. contagious D. immune
7. Global warming has severe impact on water supplies.
A. very good B. very bad C. normal D. long-lasting
8. Global warming occurs when the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap the heat from the sun.
A. catch B. discharge C. dispose D. release
9. Such unhygienic conditions encourage the spread of diseases.
A. decline B. stability C. decrease D. increase
10. Deforestation is one of the biggest environmental threats to the ecological balance in the world.
A. sureties B. certainties C. dangers D. safety
11. As fossil fuel resources are running out, it is important for the government to find some types of
alternative energy.
A. irreplaceable B. substitute C. impossible D. practical
12. Local people have cut down the forests to make way for farming.
A. allow farming to take place B. lose way in farming
C. have a way of farming D. give way to farming
13. Because farmers had been informed about the bad effects of chemical fertilisers, they started using
them sparingly on their farms.
A. carelessly B. moderately C. recklessly D. irresponsibly
14. Global warming is one of the biggest issues facing humans nowadays.
A. causes B. factors C. concerns D. agreements
15. The biggest cause of global warming is carbon dioxide emissions from coal burning power plants.
A. fauna B. flora C. trees D. factories
16. Global warming effects on people and nature are catastrophic.
A. destructive B. constructive C. evaluative D. creative
17. Coal burning releases a large amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
A. discourages B. reduces C. relaxes D. discharges
18. The demand for cars is increasing rapidly in the modern world.
A. need B. offer C . reply D. discovery
19. Forests absorb and capture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
A. take up B. take in C. take over D. take to
20. The process of forests absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere has been disrupted by the
current alarming rate of deforestation.
A. discussed B. discovered C. disturbed D. distributed
21. Flood and drought are two major causes of famine.
A. family B. obesity C. hygiene D. hunger
22. Water shortages are likely to delay economic growth and damage ecosystems.
A. aid B. advance C. deter D. defer
23. It is important to maintain the biological diversity of the rainforests.
A. similarity B. identity C. variety D. compatibility
24. We may help if we cut down on energy use by using LED lightbulbs and unplug unused electronic
devices.
A. reuse B. reduce C. recycle D. reproduce
25. Reusing and recycling glass, plastic, paper and other products help to reduce waste and pollution,
and conserve natural resources.
A. preserve B. reserve C. converse D. reverse
26. The thick layer of global warming gases keeps more heat from the sun, which leads to the increase
in the earth temperature.
 A. catches B. releases C. allows D. loses
27. Global warming results in climate change and extreme weather patterns.
A. results from B. causes C. originates D. is due to
28. Our city is going to ban supermarkets from using plastic bags.
A. reduce B. encourage C. prohibit D. allow
29. Many species are threatened with extinction due to deforestation and loss of habitat.
A. damaged B. spoilt C. treated D. endangered
30. It is important to raise money to help people who have to suffer consequences of global warming.
A. collect B. donate C. sponsor D. contribute
31. Everyone should remember to switch off the lights before going out.
A. go off B. turn off C. take off D. log off
32. We may help to control global warming by reducing carbon footprints in our homes.
A. putting up with B. getting down to C. cutting down on D. going back to
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
33. Cutting down on energy use is the best way to help reduce global warming.
A. Shrinking B. Declining C. Decreasing D. Increasing
34. We should grow more trees so that they can absorb more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
A. emit B. take in C. consume D . cut off
35. Releasing too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere can lead to global warming.
A. result in B. result from C. cause D. activate
36. Farmers turned to bio-fertilisers after they had been told about the dangers of chemical fertilisers.
A. trusted B. disbelieved C. counted on D. depended on
37. The factory owner denied having said that he should take responsibility for the damage that his
factory caused to the surrounding environment.
A. refuted B. rejected C. opposed D. accepted
38. Some scientists are accused of not having reported the effects of climate change.
A. exonerated B. blamed C. charged D. complained
39. They were criticised for having acted irresponsibly towards the environment.
A. blamed B. commended C. condemned D. denounced
40. The factory was fined for having dumped a huge amount of rubbish into the river.
A. penalised B. levied C. compensated D. punished
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
41. The president of the company officially apologised to the local residents ____ having dumped a
large amount of raw sewage in the area.
A. about B. with C. at D. for
42. The factory was accused ____ having caused higher level of pollution to the environment.
A. about B. on C. of D. for
43. We all admire him ____ having changed both his attitude and behaviours towards the environmental
issues.
A. about B. for C. with D. at
44. Human activities are also blamed ____ having contributed to global warming.
A. for B. on C. at D. with
45. We congratulated him ____ having invented an energy-saving device.
A. for B. at C. about D. on
46. He was criticised ____ not having put the elephant poachers in jail.
A. at B. about C. for D. on
47. His company was punished ____ not having dumped the rubbish properly.
A. by B. for C. about D. because of
48. The city mayor praised all voluntary students ____ having cleaned the playgrounds for the children.
A. for B. because of C. at D. due to
49. He thanked us ____ having contributed to cleaning the surrounding environment.
A. on B. to C. with D. for
50. He was suspected ____ having received presents from the local companies and ignored their
violations of the environmental law.
A. about B. on C. of D. for
51. Even when arrested, he denied ____ cut down that tree.
A. has B. having C. have D. have had
52. Those farmers admitted ____ having used more chemical fertilisers than needed.
A. on B. about C. for D. to
53. He forgot ____ promised to cut down on the carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere.
A. to promise B. have C. having D. had
54. I remembered having ____ off the lights before leaving home.
A. switched B. switch C. switching D. switches
55. He regretted not ____ registered for military service last spring.
A. have B. having C. having had D. having done
56. The local residents suspected the authorities ____ having kept the pollution level secret from the
local people.
A. about B. on C. of D. for
57. He denied having polluted the environment, ____ no one believed him.
A. however B. despite C. but D. in spite of
58. Thank you for having ____ the information about global warming.
A. shared B. sharing C. share D. shares
59. He regretted ____ killed and eaten several rare species.
A. to have B. having C. have D. has
60. His company was fined ____ dumped tons of toxic waste near the residential area.
A. to have B. because of having C. for having D. of having
61. These students were rewarded ____ actively taken part in voluntary activities.
A. with B. before C. on having D. for having
62. She was praised ____ donated a lot of money to the wildlife protection organisation.
A. for having B. to have C. because of having D. due to having
63. I remember ____ advised you to stop hunting endangered animals.
A. to have B. having C. have D. had
64. The local authorities were blamed ____ ignored the pollution issues in the area.
A. about having B. on having C. for having D. before having
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
65. Having seen people suffer global warming consequences, we decided to reduce carbon footprints.
A. We decided to reduce carbon footprints before seeing people suffer global warming
consequences.
B. We saw people suffer global warming consequences after we decided to reduce carbon
footprints.
C. We decided to cut down on carbon footprints after we saw people suffer global warming
consequences.
D. We decided to cut down on carbon footprints before we saw people suffer global warming
consequences.
66. Climate change leads to numerous catastrophic consequences.
A. Numerous catastrophic consequences result in climate change.
B. Numerous catastrophic consequences result from climate change.
C. Climate change results from numerous catastrophic consequences.
D. Numerous catastrophic consequences cause climate change.
67. The increase in earth's temperature can cause heat-related illnesses.
A. Heat-related illnesses result from the increase in earth's temperature.
B. Heat-related illnesses result in the increase in earth's temperature.
C. Heat-related illnesses lead to the increase in earth's temperature.
D. Heat-related illnesses trigger the increase in earth's temperature.
68. Carbon dioxide is one of the primary greenhouse gases that cause global warming.
A. Carbon dioxide is the only greenhouse gas that causes global warming.
B. Global warming results in greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide.
C. One of the main greenhouse gases that lead to global warming is carbon dioxide.
D. Global warming causes greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide.
69. Planting trees can contribute to reducing global warming.
A. Global warming can't be controlled by planting trees.
B. Planting trees is the only way to control global warming.
C. Planting trees can accelerate global warming.
D. Planting trees can help reduce global warming.
Exercise 12. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of
sentences in the following questions.
70. He said that he would take responsibility for his company's damage to the area. But then he denied
that.
A. Having denied his company's damage, he took responsibility for it.
B. He denied having damaged to his company's area.
C. He denied having taken responsibility for the damage to his company's area.
D. He denied having said that he would take responsibility for his company's damage to the area.
71. He donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns. He was admired for that.
A. Unless he donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns, he was admired.
B. He was admired for having donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns.
C. If he had donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns, he would have been
admired.
D. If he donates a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns, he will be admired.
72. They decided to cut down their carbon footprints. They were praised for that.
A. They were praised for having decided to decrease their carbon footprints.
B. They were not punished for having decided to decrease their carbon footprints.
C. Unless they decided to cut down their carbon footprints, they were praised for that.
D. If they decided to cut down their carbon footprints, they would be praised for that.
73. We have advised you on how to cut down your energy use. We remember that.
A. We can no longer remember having advised you on how to decrease your energy use.
B. We remember having advised you on how to maintain your energy use.
C. We remember having advised you on how to decrease your energy use.
D. We remember to have advised you on how to decrease your energy use.
74. Some scientists have distorted the effects of climate change. They were accused of that.
A. Some scientists were accused of having falsify the effects of climate change.
B. Some scientists were accused of having been honest about the effects of climate change.
C. Although some scientists have distorted the effects of climate change, they were not accused.
D. Some scientists were accused of having falsified the effects of climate change.