TG21530886 Report 1
TG21530886 Report 1
DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS
COVID-19 RT PCR
Specimen Nasopharyngeal / oropharyngeal Swab
Notes:
Pathogen information:
Coronaviruses are non-segmented positive-stranded RNA viruses with a roughly 30 kb genome surrounded by a protein envelope. Most coronaviruses cause
diseases in their particular host species; those that can infect humans through cross-species transmission have become an important threat to public health.
Since December, 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) hasbeen recognised as the causal factor in a series of severe cases of
pneumonia originating in Wuhan in Hubei province, China. This disease has been named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by WHO. Severe acute
respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) is a species of coronavirus that infects humans, bats and certain other mammals. It is a member of the
genus Betacoronavirus and subgenus sarbecoronavirus. Two strains of the virus have caused outbreaks of severe respiratory diseases in humans: SARS-CoV ,
which caused the 2002-2004 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and SARS-CoV-2, which is causing the 2019–20 pandemic of coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19). Other strains of Sarbecovirus are only known to infect non-human species: bats are a major reservoir of many strains.
Interpretation:
Positive results are indicative of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA; clinical correlation with patient history and other diagnostic information is necessary to
determine patient infection status. Positive results do not rule out bacterial infection or co-infection with other viruses.
Negative results do not preclude SARS-CoV-2 infection and should not be used as the sole basis for patient management decisions. Negative results must be
combined with clinical observations, patient history, and epidemiological information. A false negative result may occur, if inadequate number of organisms are
present in the specimen due to improper collection, transport or handling. False negative results may also occur if amplification inhibitors are present in the
specimen. A single negative test result, particularly if this is from an upper respiratory tract specimen, does not exclude infection. Repeat sampling and testing
of lower respiratory specimen is strongly recommended in severe or progressive disease. The repeat specimens may be considered after a gap of 2 – 4 days after
the collection of the first specimen for additional testing if required.
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