ICT

Concepts & Characteristics

 What is Computer ?
➢ Computer is an electronic device.

➢ Can store large amounts of data.

➢ Can performing operations on data.

➢ Performing given function on the data & displays the result

as output.

➢ Process data whenever needed.

➢ Known from ‘to compute’

 What is Process?
➢ Computer works on data as per programme is called process.

➢ Processing means operations like…..

➢ Calculations,

➢ Logical decision making,

➢ Outputting data,

➢ Communicating with others computer etc.

 Characteristics

▪ Speed ▪ Retrieving Data and

▪ Arithmetical and Logical Programme

Operations ▪ Automation
▪ Accuracy ▪ Versatility (Flexible)
▪ Reliability ▪ Consistency
▪ Storage ▪ Communications
 Applications of Computer

• Science research • Management aids

• Education • Engineering designing

• Business applications • Road traffic control

• Banking • Railway

• Office Automation • Medicine

• Desktop publishing • Information services

 What is Internet

▪ Inter connection of many computers via network.

▪ Global connected through network (through LAN or WAN)

▪ To provide the various application services i.e. E-Mail, Usenet (News),

WWW, Telnet, FTP, etc
 Uses of Internet
▪ Searching
▪ E-mail service
▪ Commercial Services
▪ Electronic books & Publication
▪ Video Conferencing
▪ Sharing data and results quickly
▪ Retrieving files & Program of all types
▪ Find information databases and tutorials
▪ News paper columns
▪ Banking
▪ Downloading / Uploading any information
▪ News, sports, stocks, music etc.
▪ Use of internet in various fields like education, Business, governance, etc.
▪ And many more ………………..
Internet as a ICT tools
 What is ICT?

➢ During last decade of twentieth century there was extraordinary development in

information and communication technology (ICT) which led to a transmutation of
processes and practices in almost all aspects of human activities.

➢ Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are the technologies used in

the conveying, manipulation and storage of data by electronic means.

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 Information and Communication Technologies

➢ Information is data that has been sorted and arranged.

➢ It consists of organized facts and opinions people receive during daily life.

➢ Changing data into information is called data processing or information processing.

➢ It involves gathering, organizing, and reporting data so it is useful to people.

➢ It is often done using information technology.

 Information and Communication Technologies

➢ People often use the terms information and communication together.

➢ These terms are related, but each means something different.

➢ Two words we need to know to understand communication technology are data and
information.

➢ Data includes individual facts, statistics (numerical data), and ideas.

➢ These facts and ideas are not sorted or arranged in any manner.
 What is Communication?

➢ Communication is simply the act of transferring

information from one place to another.

➢ Exchanging Information from computer to another

computer

➢ The classic communication system is made up

of an information source, an encoder, a transmitter, a
receiver, a decoder, storage, retrieval, and an
information destination.
➢
 Synchronous Communication

• Online Chat
– Text based
– Audio based
– Video based

• Mobile Technology
– Conferencing
– Phone

• Satellite
– Television channel
– Video Conferencing

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 Asynchronous Communication

 Discussion Forums
 Blogs
 e-Groups
 Wikepedia (Knowledge base)
 Google (search engine)
 Mobile SMS, MMS & Podcasting

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 Scope of Internet as a ICT

• Education
• Research
• Communication
• Leisure and Entertainment
• Exploring the world
• Finance
• Shopping

• And many more ….

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 Scope of Internet as a ICT in Education

➢ ICT as a tool to innovate teaching-learning practice via Internet

(i.e. digital content, multimedia, teaching-learning methods,
learning environment)
➢ ICT as an administrative tool (i.e. education management
information systems (EMIS)
➢ ICT as an expanding learning opportunity (i.e. distance learning, e-
Learning)
➢ ICT as a facilitator of higher-order thinking skills (i.e. learner-
centered, self-directed learning, tailored learning)

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 Traditional v/s Internet based ICT education
Approach
Traditional Classroom ICT In Education
Classroom  Physical – limited size  Unlimited
 Synchronous  Anytime, anywhere

Content  PowerPoint / transparency /  Multimedia / simulation

etc  Digital library
 Textbooks / library  On demand
 Video  Syn & Asyn. Communication

Personalisation  One learning path  Learning path and pace

determined by learner

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ICT can help learning

➢ Develop understanding

❖ Speed and automatic functions of ICT can enable teachers to demonstrate,

explore or explain aspects of their teaching, and students learning, more

effectively e.g. use of a spread sheet to perform calculations in order that

patterns can be concentrated on rather than the calculating.

ICT can help learning

➢ Extend access to sources

❖ the capacity and range of ICT can enable teachers and students to gain access

to historical, recent or immediate information, through, for example,

accessing information on CD-ROM or the Internet

➢ Enhance enquiry skills

❖ search for and compare information from different sources
ICT can help learning

➢ Enhance the communication of ideas

❖ communicate with other people, locally and over distances, easily and

effectively

❖ present information in ways which are accessible in different forms for

different audiences.
Does ICT increase access to learning opportunity?

 Education opportunities in dispersed locations where conventional schools are

not viable;

 A choice to students and parents of what they want to learn i.e. Choice based
credit system (CBCS);

 A safety net for school drop-outs so they do not lapse into illiteracy;

 Alternative venue to schools.

 Second chance education.

 Standardised curriculum materials

 Lifelong learning concept

 Limiting fraud in assessment process

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 Useful Keys Internet
• Network: Connecting computers with each other For exchanging
information

• Client : It is a programme or computer for getting special

information from another compute.

• Server: It is a programme or computer, which gives information

to the client computer.

• Protocol: It’s a rules for connecting to the internet. (TCP/IP)

• Portal: It is a website. Known as a gateway of internet.

(Search engine)

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Router: It is a device, which decides where data will be send
(Network point)

www : World Wide Web

Browser: It is a programme which helps us to use internet

Website: Group of different web pages.

URL : Universal Resource Locator

 Types of Website (Domain)

.com : Commercial organization

.net : Large Networks
.gov : Government organization
.org : non-profit making organization
.edu : educational organization
.mil : military organization
.in : India
.au : Australia
.us : United States
.uk : United Kingdom
Thank You