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Portprotocols

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7 views

Portprotocols

rfgdghfhdf

Uploaded by

sameerfuddi99556
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ports are virtual places within an operating system where network connections

start and end. They help computers sort the network traffic they receive.

Some of the Well-Known Port Numbers Internet Protocol


80 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
443 HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)
530 RPC (Remote Procedure Call)
21 FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
23 Telenet
53 DNS (Domain Name System)
22 SSH (Secure Shell)
25 SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
194 IRC (Internet Relay Chat)

--TCP Port Number 21 and How It Works With FTP


The File Transfer Protocol provides a framework to transfer information
between two networked computers, much like Hypertext Transfer Protocol
does through a web browser. FTP, however, operates on two different
Transmission Control Protocol ports: 20 and 21. FTP ports 20 and 21
must both be open on the network for successful file transfers.

--TCP Port Number 22 and how it works with SSH


Port 22 is a well-known port number used in computer networking.
It is specifically associated with the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol,
which is commonly used for secure remote administration and secure
file transfer over an unsecured network.
Secure Shell (SSH): SSH is a cryptographic network protocol that
provides secure communication between networked devices. It establishes
an encrypted connection, allowing users to remotely access and
administer systems securely. SSH is widely used in various operating
systems, including Unix, Linux, and macOS.
It’s important to note that port 22 must be open and accessible on
the network for SSH connections to be established.

--TCP port no. 53 and how it works with DNS


A DNS port is a network port used for communication between a DNS
client and server. The standard port for DNS is port 53.

DNS client applications use the DNS protocol to query and request
information from DNS servers, and the server returns the results to
the client using the same port. Port 53 is used for both TCP and
UDP communication.

For example, when a user types a URL into their web browser,
the browser first sends a DNS query to a DNS server to translate
the domain name into an IP address. The response from the server is
sent back to the browser on the same port — port 53.

--TCP Port no. 80 and how it works with HTTP


Port 80 is the port number assigned to commonly used internet
communication protocol, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). It is
the default network port used to send and receive unencrypted web pages.
Although some cybersecurity experts suggest that closing port 80 can
help with system protection, others believe that port 80 should be kept
open. Proponents of enabling this port point out that it’s helpful
in redirecting traffic from HTTP to HTTPS.

-- TCP port 443 and how it works with HTTPS


Whether you’re a website owner or a site visitor, browsing over an
unencrypted connection where your data travels in plaintext and can
be read by anyone eavesdropping on the network poses a serious threat
to security. Though there are limitations to the security benefits
provided by an SSL/TLS connection over HTTPS port 443, it’s a
definitive step towards surfing the internet more safely.

There are several reputable certificate authorities (CA) who can issue
digital certificates depending on your specific requirements and the
number of domains you want to secure. Additionally, another
consequence of Google’s initiative for a completely encrypted web
is the way that websites are ranked. Since 2014, Google has been using
HTTPS as a ranking signal for its search algorithms. And with a
majority of netizens avoiding unsecure websites, it means that SSL
certificates have become a must.

--TCP port 587 and how it works with SMTP


Originally, the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) used port 25.
Today, SMTP should instead use port 587 — this is the port for encrypted
email transmissions using SMTP Secure (SMTPS).
SMTP is the protocol, or set of rules for formatting data, that helps
emails travel across the Internet. It transfers emails from mail server
to mail server until they reach their final destination. At that point,
other protocols are used to retrieve the emails and allow users to read
them.

(Like HTTP, SMTP is an application layer protocol that runs on top


of TCP/IP.)
An SMTP port is the port designated for use by SMTP — as stated above,
this has been ports 25, 465, 587, and 2525 at various times and in
various situations.

-- TCP port 110 and 995 and how it works with POP3
Post Office Protocol 3, or POP3, is the most commonly used protocol
for receiving email over the internet. This standard protocol, which
most email servers and their clients support, is used to receive
emails from a remote server and send to a local client.
POP3 is a one-way client-server protocol in which email is received
and held on the email server. The "3" refers to the third version of
the original POP protocol.
The server starts POP3 service by listening on TCP port 110. When a
client wishes to use POP3 for email retrieval, it establishes a TCP
connection with the server host. Once this connection is established,
the POP3 server sends a greeting. At this point, the session enters
the authorization state.
After the POP3 session enters the update state, the POP3 server
deletes the message.

How are POP3, IMAP and SMTP related?


-How are POP3, IMAP and SMTP related?
IMAP is an alternative email retrieval protocol. Similar to a remote file
server, IMAP allows the user to retain email on the server, where the
email can be organized in folders.

Like POP3, IMAP is supported by all modern email clients and web servers.
But unlike POP3, IMAP also synchronizes the email across multiple devices
or clients, making it more suitable than POP3 when a user is working
with many devices or wants to access email from multiple locations.
IMAP works on ports 143 and 993.
POP3 and IMAP both pertain to the receipt of email but differ from the
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), a protocol for transferring email
across the internet. SMTP sends email, a mail handler receives it on the
recipient's behalf, and the mail is read using POP3 or IMAP.

--Telnet port
Telnet is an application that is used to connect to a remote host’s
command line terminal interface. Network and system administrators use
this application to configure and administer network devices such as
servers, routers, switches, etc. This application is based on the
connection-oriented Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). By default,
a telnet server listens on port 23 for incoming connections from
clients.
All information exchanged in a telnet session between a client and
server is unencrypted and, for this reason, in the last years this
application has been replaced by SSH, which provides the same type of
service, but encrypted, as it’s based on the Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
protocol.

--RDP port
The Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is a protocol, or technical standard,
for using a desktop computer remotely. Remote desktop software can use
several different protocols, including RDP, Independent Computing
Architecture (ICA), and virtual network computing (VNC), but RDP is the
most commonly used protocol. RDP was initially released by Microsoft
and is available for most Windows operating systems, but it can be used
with Mac operating systems too.
Remote desktop is the ability to connect with and use a faraway desktop
computer from a separate computer. Remote desktop users can access their
desktop, open and edit files, and use applications as if they were
actually sitting at their desktop computer. Employees often use remote
desktop software to access their work computers when they are traveling
or working from home.

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