7

Electronics
Quarter I – Module 5:
Basic Electonic Symbols, Diagrams,
and Tools
Electronics – Grade 10
Self-Learning Module
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Regional Office VIII

Regional Director: Ramir B. Uytico EdD, CESO IV
Assistant Regional Director: Arnulfo M. Balane, CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Henry A. Singcol
Language Editors: Name
Content Editors: Name
Illustrators: Name
Layout Artist: Name
Management Team:
Rosemarie M. Guino EdD, OIC – Chief, CLMD
Ryan R. Tiu EdD, EPS, CLMD – Science
Joy B. Bihag, EPS, CLMD – LRMS
Name, Chief, CID
Name, EPS, CID – Science
Name. EPS, CID - LRMS

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Regional Office VIII

Office Address: Government Center, Candahug, Palo, Leyte

Telefax: 053 - 3233156

E-mail Address: [email protected].
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand
each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

At the end of each module, you need to answer the test to self-check your
learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will
be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and
tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

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Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
For the learner:

Welcome to the Electronics 10 Self – Learning Module 1on (Basic Symbols,

Diagrams, and Tools)!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create, and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

Explore
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module. A brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one. The
new lesson will also be introduced to you in
various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a
problem opener, an activity, or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
Learn
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
Apply sentence/paragraph to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.

Assess This is a task which aims to evaluate your level

of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
This contains answers to all activities in the
Answer Key module.

This contains the learner’s reflection. Learners

Reflect
are encouraged to think about the lessons
particularly the parts that went well (they have
understood) and the parts that were weak (they
have difficulty) and write about it briefly.
Learners can share their thoughts and feeling
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Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 about the lessons.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in
developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
3. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
5. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 Explore

Introduction:
Assembling electronics project and making it works is a good start in helping one to
learn troubleshooting methods as well as becoming familiar with your tools, test
equipment, electronic schematic symbols and circuit diagrams. Electrical &
electronic symbols and images are used by engineers in circuit diagrams and
schematics to show how a circuits component are connected together.

Graphical symbols not only identify components position but the type of electrical
element too, whether its resistive, inductive, capacitive, mechanical, etc. Thus, in
circuit diagrams and schematics, graphical symbols identify and represent
electrical and electronic devices and show how they are electrically connected
together while drawing lines between them represents the wires or component
leads.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify the schematic symbols, circuit diagrams, and hand tools in making
electronic circuit;
2. classify the different kinds of hand tools according to their specification in
electronics servicing;
3. draw schematic symbols and circuit diagrams.

What I Know
A. Directions: Match the electronic and electrical symbols in Column A with
the corresponding descriptions in column B. Write the letter of your answer
on a separate sheet.
Column A Column B

_____ 1. a. NPN Transistor

b. individual voltaic cell
c. fixed resitor
_____ 2.
d. fixed capacitor
_____ 3.
e. rectifier diode
_____ 4.
f. transformer
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_____ 5. Module 5
Q1_STE_Electronics_
 B. Direction: Answer the following questions. Write the letter of your answer
on a separate sheet.

1. A geometric figure usually used to represent a stage in a block

diagram.
a. Rectangle c. Pentagon
b. Circle d. Hexagon

2. Usually drawn as simple as possible to trace out the connection of a circuit

a. Wiring diagram c. Pictorial diagram
b. Block diagram d. Schematic diagram

3. It shows the relationship between the various component groups or

stages in the operation of the circuit.

a. Wiring diagram c. Pictorial diagram

b. Block diagram d. Schematic diagram

4. It shows the components used in their interconnection

a. Wiring diagram c. pictorial diagram
b. Block diagram d. schematic diagram

5. It shows the pictures of the actual components and wiring connections

a. Wiring diagram c. pictorial diagram
b. Block diagram d. schematic diagram

6. Which equipment does NOT belong to the group?

a. Screw driver c. Diagonal cutter
b. Long nose pliers d. Side cutting

7. Which hand tools specifically designed to insert and tighten, or to

loosen and remove screws.
a. Pliers c. desoldering tool
b. Screwdrivers d. hand drill

8. What equipment is used to measure voltage, current, and

resistance?
a. VOM c. OHS
b. PPE d. All of those mentioned

9. Which is NOT part of the group?

a. Soldering iron c. Soldering tool stand
b. Desoldering tool d. Wire stripper

10. Which hand tool is used solely for cutting metals?

a. Utility knife c. Magnifying glass
b. Hacksaw d. Paint brush

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Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 Learn

Schematic Symbols Defined

Basic electrical and electronic graphical symbols that are commonly used within
circuit diagrams, schematics and computer aided drawing packages to identify the
position of individual components and elements within a circuit.

Notes to the Teacher

Symbols are used in electronic diagram because it is the quickest
and easiest way to convey the needed information. Simple symbols
are a form of electronic shorthand. The circuit can be sketched in
a short time; and because the symbols are standard, it can be
easily interpreted.

The basic electrical and electronic graphical symbols presented here are the more
generally accepted graphical symbols because of their common usage across a
range of electrical and electronic fields. The individual graphical symbols below are
given along with a brief description.

Voltage and Current Sources

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Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 Ground Symbols

Resistors

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Capacitors
Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 Inductors (Coils)

Transformers

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 Switches

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 Protective Devices

Lamp

light bulb

Test Instruments

Diodes

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Transistors
Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 Thyristors
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 Operational Amplifier (Op Amp)

Figure 1. Schematic Symbols

Here we have seen a number of basic electrical and electronics schematic symbols
in graphical form used by engineers to show how a particular circuit is connected
together and operates by the types of symbols used within it so that other
engineers may understand.

Circuit Diagram
All electronic circuits from the simplest to the most complex design need diagrams
to be used as reference in designing, modifying, and troubleshooting the circuit. The
most common used electronic diagrams are schematic, pictorial, wiring, and block
diagrams. Each one of these diagrams has its own unique characteristics in
presenting the circuit. The different diagrams that you should be familiar with are
the following:

Pictorial diagram - It shows the pictures of the actual components and wiring
connections although it does not provide the exact size of components. It shows
exact shape in proportion to the actual component or device.

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Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 Figure 2. Pictorial Diagram of a Regulated Power Supply

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 Block Diagram – This form usually uses block of squares, rectangles or triangles to
represent components, group of components or units of equivalent. Block diagrams
are particularly used to represent internal components of an integrated circuit.

POWER DIODES OR FILTER CIRCUIT REGULATOR

RECTIFIERS

Figure 3. Block Diagram of a Regulated Power Supply

Schematic diagram - It shows the components used in their interconnection. Each

graphic symbol is also accompanied with a reference designation to distinguish it
from other similar symbols. It does not illustrate the physical size, shape or chassis
location of the component parts and devices.

Figure 4. Schematic Diagram of a Regulated Power Supply (power transformer is NOT

shown)

Wiring diagram – It shows wiring connection in a simplified, easy to follow manner.

It may show either internal or external connections or both and is usually drawn as
simple as possible to trace out the connection of a circuit. The components of the
circuit are identified by name or are represented by means of pictorial illustrations
that do not follow any well- defined standard form.

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Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 Figure 5. Wiring diagram of a selector switch for different input multi-media equipment

Basic Hand Tools

Driving Tools

1. Screwdrivers are hand tools specifically designed to insert and tighten, or to

loosen and remove screws. A screwdriver comprises a head or tip, which
engages with a screw, a mechanism to apply force by rotating the tip, and
some way to position and support the screwdriver, the tip of which is shaped
in to fit a particular type of screw.

a. Slotted Screwdriver is used to drive or fasten negative

Pageslotted
16 of 39 screws.
Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 b. Phillips Screwdriver – used to drive or fasten positive slotted screws. It is
a screwdriver that could take greater torque and could provide tighter
fastenings.

c. Jeweler's Screwdriver Set – is a set of small screw drivers

composed of slotted and Phillips screwdrivers.

Soldering Tools

1. Soldering Iron – is a device for applying heat to melt solder in attaching two
metal parts. A soldering iron is composed of a heated metal tip and an
insulated handle. For electrical work, wires are usually soldered to printed
circuit boards, other wires, or small terminals. A low-power iron (20-30 Watts)
is suitable for this work.

2. Soldering Tool Stand – is a place where the soldering iron is placed during
usage. This will keep the soldering iron away from flammable materials. The
stand often comes with a sponge used in cleaning the tip of the soldering iron.

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Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 3. Desoldering tool is used in removing soldered wires and components on
printed circuit boards for troubleshooting and repair purposes

Splicing Tools

1. Long Nose is used for holding, bending, and stretching the lead of
electronic component or connecting wires.

2. Side Cutter is a wire-cutting pliers, though they are not used to grab or
turn anything, but are used to cut wires.

3. Wire Stripper is a pair of opposing blades much like scissors or wire

cutters. The addition of a center notch makes it easier to cut the
insulation without cutting the wire.
Notch

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Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 Boring Tools

1. 12V Mini-Drill – is used to bore or drill holes in the printed circuit board
(PCB) with sizes from 1/32” – 1/16”.

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Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 2. Portable Electric Drill is used for boring hole(s) in plastic or metal chassis with
the used of drill bits having sizes from 1/6” to approximately 1/4”.

3. Metal Files These are hand tools having a series of sharp, parallel ridges or
teeth. Most files have a narrow, pointed tang at one end to which a handle
can be fitted.
 Flat File is parallel in width and tapered in thickness; they are used for
flat surfaces and edges.
 Half Round File is tapered in width and thickness, coming to a
point, and is narrower than a standard half round and used for
filing inside of rings.
 Round File - is also called rat-tail file which is gradually tapered
and used for many tasks that require a round tool, such as
enlarging round holes or cutting a scalloped edge.

triangular file

flat file

half-round file

round file

Cutting Tools

1. Utility Knife is a common tool used in cutting various trades and crafts for
a variety of purposes.

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Q1_STE_Electronics_ Module 5
 2. Hacksaw is used for cutting metals. Some have pistol grips which keep the
hacksaw firm and easy to grip. The small hand-held hacksaws
consist of a metal arch with a handle that fits around a narrow,
handle

blade

pistol grip
rigid blade.

Auxiliary Tools

1. Magnifying Glass is a convex lens which is used to produce a magnified

image of an object. The lens is usually mounted on a frame with a handle.
Roger Bacon is the original inventor of the magnifying glass. A magnifying
glass works by creating a magnified virtual image of an object behind the
lens. Some magnifying glasses are foldable with built-in light.

2. Paint Brush – made of bristles set in handle, use for cleaning dirty parts
of a circuit or an object.
Electronic Equipment
Aside from hand tools, equipment is also needed for more accurate and
quality output. In this connection, three of the most used equipment are
presented here for you to be familiar with their uses and the proper way of
maintaining them.

a. Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter. It is an equipment that combines three

functions: as a voltmeter that measures both ac and dc voltages; an
ohmmeter that measures resistance; and milliammeter that measures
small amount of dc current. As safety precautions in the maintenance
of this instrument, the following should be observed:

 Always rest the function switch at 250V AC if an OFF position is

not available in the instrument.

 For current and voltage measurements, always set the function

switch in the correct setting which is a little higher than the
expected current or voltage present in the circuit.

 Place the instrument in a cool dry place, away from any magnetic
devices, and free from vibrations.

Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter Signal generator

Oscilloscope

b. Oscilloscope. An oscilloscope (commonly abbreviated CRO, for cathode-

ray oscilloscope, or scope) is a piece of electronic test equipment that
allows signal voltages to be viewed, usually as a two-dimensional graph
of one or more electrical potential differences (vertical axis) plotted as a
function of time or of some other voltage (horizontal axis).

c. Signal generator. A signal generator is a device which produces simple

wave forms.

Such devices contain an electronic oscillator, a circuit that is

capable of creating a repetitive waveform. These are typically used in
simple electronics repair and design where they are used to stimulate a
circuit under test.
 Engage

Activity 1.1
Direction. Draw the schematic symbol of the given electronic components. Use
separate sheet of paper for your answer.

Component Symbol
1. DC voltage source

2. Chassis ground

3. Fixed resistor

4. Electrolytic capacitor

5. Fixed inductor (air core)

6. Iron-core transformer

7. SPST

8. Fuse

9. Rectifier diode

10.NPN Transistor
Activity 1.2
Direction. Match the different hand tools with their pictures. Write the letter of
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Desoldering tool 6. Paint Brush

2. Screwdriver 7. Portable electric drill
3. Long nose pliers 8. Side-cutter pliers
4. Soldering stand 9. Soldering iron
5. Magnifying glass 10. Wire Stripper
 Apply

Activity 2.1 Schematic Symbols and Circuit Diagrams

Direction. Use circuit symbols to construct schematic diagrams for the following
circuits. Use separate sheet of paper for your answer.
a. A single cell, light bulb (resistor) and spst switch are placed together in a circuit
such that the switch can be opened and closed to turn the light bulb on.
b. A three-pack of D-cells is placed in a circuit to power a flashlight bulb (resistor).

c. d.

Activity 2.2 Hand Tools

Direction. Match column A with column B. Use separate sheet of paper for your
answer.

Column A Column B
1. Cut the insulation without cutting the wire a. Screwdriver
2. Drill holes in the printed circuit board b. Long nose
3. Tighten, loosen or remove screws c. Wire stripper
4. Remove soldered wires d. 12 V Mini-drill
5. Hold, bend, stretch the lead of electronic e. Desoldering tool
component or connecting wires
f. Paint brush
6. Cut metals
g. Hacksaw
7. Clean dirty parts of an object
h. Signal generator
8. Produce a magnified image of an object
i. Magnifying glass
9. measure voltage, current, and resistance
j. VOM
10. wire-cutting pliers
k. Side-cutter
 Assess

A. Direction. Identify at least 10 different electronic components/devices found

in the circuit below and draw the schematic symbol. Use separate sheet of
paper for your answer.

B. Direction: Shown below are different electronic diagrams. Write the name of
the diagram in the space provided for at the bottom of each diagram.

1. _______________________ 2. ______________________
 3. _________________________ 4. ______________________

5. ________________________

C. Direction: Identify the following hand tools and classify according to their
specification in Electronics Servicing. Fill in the table below. Write your answer
on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Used in removing soldered wires and components on printed circuit
boards for troubleshooting and repair purposes.
2. A pair of opposing blades much like scissors or wire cutters.

3. A wire-cutting pliers, though they are not used to grab or turn anything,
but are used to cut wires.

4. Used for holding, bending, and stretching the lead of electronic component
or connecting wires.
5. Used to bore or drill holes in the printed circuit board (PCB) with sizes
from 1/32” – 1/16”.
6. A convex lens which is used to produce a magnified image of an object.
7. A place where the soldering iron is placed during usage.
8. Hand tools specifically designed to insert and tighten, or to loosen and
remove screws.
9. A device for applying heat to melt solder in attaching two metal parts.
10. Used for boring hole(s) in plastic or metal chassis with the used of drill
bits having sizes from 1/6” to approximately 1/4”.
 Hand tools Classification

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.
 Reflect

What to reflect…
1. What is the importance of understanding the electronic graphical symbols and
circuit diagrams?
2. In any activity involving electronic servicing skills, why we need to follow
standard procedure in doing the particular task like choosing the right tool or
equipment properly?
 Answer Key

What I know Engage

A. B. Activity 1.1 Activity 1.2

1. b 1. a 6. a Refer Fig.1 1. d 6. k

2. a 2. a 7. b Schematic 2. l 7. i
Symbols
3. c 3. b 8. a 3. c 8. c

4. d 4. d 9. d 4. a 9. b

5. e 5. c 10. b 5. h 10.f

Apply

Activity 2.1 Activity 2.2

1. c
2. d
1.
3. a
4. e
2. 5. b
6. g
7. f
8. i
3.
9. j
10. k

4.
 Assessment
A.
 Assessment
B. C.

1. schematic diagram Components Classifications

2. wiring diagram 1. desoldering tool Splicing tools
3. schematic diagram 2. wire stripper Splicing tools
4. pictorial diagram
3. side-cutter pliers Splicing tools
5. block diagram
4. long nose pliers Splicing tools

5. 12v mini drill boring tools

6. magnifying glass Auxiliary tools

7. soldering stand Soldering tools

8. screwdriver Driving tools

9. soldering iron Soldering tools

10. portable electric
Boring tools
drill
References
https://www.industrial-electronics.com/schematic_diag_1.html
https://www.makerspaces.com/basic-electronics/
https://www.electronics-project-design.com/ElectronicTools.html
http://www.penguintutor.com/electronics/reference-tools
https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/resources/basic-schematic-symbols.html
Consumer Electronics Servicing Module, Exploratory Course Grade 7 and 8.
Mitchel_E._Schultz_Grobs_Basic_Electronics__2010.pdf
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Department of Education – Regional Office VIII – Curriculum and Learning

Management Division (CLMD) - Learning Resources Management Section (LRMS)

Government Center, Candahug, Palo, Leyte, 6501

Telefax: (053) 323-3156; 323-3854; 824-4627

Email Address: *[email protected]

*[email protected] *[email protected]