Scribd
Upload
15 views3 pages

MICRO Ncert

Uploaded by

adityakanttripathi07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views3 pages

MICRO Ncert

Uploaded by

adityakanttripathi07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

MICRO -ORGANISMS

NCERT ANSWERS
(Paste pictures of microorganisms as already discussed)
Question 1. Fill in the blanks.
(a) Microorganisms can be seen with the help of a________________.
(b) Blue-green algae fix ______________ directly from air to enhance fertility.
(c) Alcohol is produced with the help of __________.
(d) Cholera is caused by ____________.
Solution :
(a) Microorganisms can be seen with the help of a microscope.
(b) Blue-green algae fix nitrogen directly from air to enhance fertility.
(c) Alcohol is produced with the help of yeast.
(d) Cholera is caused by bacteria.

Question 2 : DO IN BOOK

Question 3. Match the organisms in Column A with their action in Column B.

Column I Column II
(a) Bacteria (i) Fixing nitrogen
(b) Rhizobium (ii) Setting of curd
(c) Lactobacillus (iii) Baking of bread
(d) Yeast (iv) Causing malaria
(e) A protozoan (v) Causing cholera
(f) A virus (vi) Causing AIDS
Solution :

Column I Column II
(a) Bacteria (i) Causing cholera
(b) Rhizobium (ii) Fixing nitrogen
(c) Lactobacillus (iii) Setting of curd
(d) Yeast (iv) Baking of bread
(e) A protozoan (v) Causing malaria
(f) A virus (vi) Causing AIDS

Question 4. Can microorganisms be seen with the naked eyes? If not, how can
they be seen?
Solution : Micro-organisms are too small to be seen through naked eyes. They can be
seen with the help of a magnifying glass or microscope.
For example, fungus that grows on bread is so small that it can be seen only with the
help of a magnifying glass or microscope.
No, microorganisms cannot be seen with the naked eye. They can only be seen with the
help of microscope.

Question 5. What are the major groups of microorganisms?


Solution : There are five major groups of micro-organisms:
→ Bacteria - They are single celled disease-causing micro-organisms. They can be
spiral or rod- shaped.
→ Fungi - They are mostly multicellular disease-causing microbes. Bread moulds are
common examples of fungi.
→ Protozoa - They mainly include organisms such as Amoeba, Plasmodium,etc. They
can be unicellular or multicellular.
→ Virus -Viruses are disease-causing microbes that reproduce only inside the host
organism.
→ Algae - They include multicellular, photosynthetic organisms such as Spirogyra,
Chlamydomonas, etc.

Question 6. Name the microorganism which can fix atmospheric nitrogen in the
soil.
Solution : Certain bacteria such as Rhizobium and blue green algae present in the soil
fix atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into compounds of nitrogen.

Question 7. Write 10 lines on the usefulness of microorganisms in our lives.


Solution : Micro-organisms are too small to be seen through naked eyes. However,
they are vital to plants and the environment.
1. Rhizobium present in the roots of pulse plants fix nitrogen from air and supply
nitrogen compounds to the pulse plants.
2. Micro-organisms are also used in winemaking, baking, pickling, and other food
making processes.
3. Alcoholic fermentation by yeast is widely used in the preparation of wine and bread.
4. Microbes are used to reduce pollution. For example, decomposers such as bacteria
and fungi break down dead bodies and excreta to form inorganic compounds, which can
be absorbed by plants.
5.Microbes also play an important role in the preparation of medicines. Antibiotics are
chemicals produced by micro-organisms to kill bacteria. Penicilin is an antibotic made
from Penicilium.
6. Bacteria present in our intestine helps in proper digestion and release Vitmain B
which is absorbed by intestine.
7. Many vaccines are prepared from micro-organisms. These vaccines are given to
children to protect them from disease.
8. Certain microbes are also used in the biological treatment of sewage and industrial
effluents.
9.Yeast is used in making idlis, bhaturas, bread, pastries and cakes.
10.Lactobacillus is used to form curd from milk.
Question 8. Write a short paragraph on the harms caused by microorganisms.
Solution : The harm caused by microorganisms are as follows-
a. They cause many communicable diseases like cholera, common cold, tuberculosis
etc.
b. Malaria is caused by a microorganism called plasmodium.
c. Several plants diseases are caused by bacteria and fungi.
d. Food poisoning is caused by microorganism.
e. They are responsible for spoiling of food.

Question 9. What are antibiotics? What precautions must be taken while taking
antibiotics?
Solution : The medicines that kill or stop the growth of the disease-causing
microorganism are called antibiotic. Streptomycin, tetracycline, erythromycin etc. are
common antibiotics. They are manufactured by growing specific micro-organisms and
are used to cure a variety of diseases.
Precautions to be taken while using antibiotics :
* Antibiotics should be taken under the supervision of a well qualified doctor.
* Course (intake) of antibiotics should be completed as per the prescription given by the
doctor.
* Antibiotics should be taken in the right amount and at the right time. A wrong dose of
antibiotics makes the drug ineffective. Also, excessive consumption of drugs may kill the
useful bacteria present in our body

You might also like