University of Regina ENEV 223 Final Examination Term Fall 2020

ENEV 223 Engineering, Environment, and Society

Final Examination

Name: Student ID:

Note:
• This is a closed-book examination.
• Students are required to join the lecture zoom meeting throughout the whole exam.
• Any conduct that is inappropriate in a conventional examination is prohibited except using your
computer to access the examination questions and submit your answers in UR Course.
• Communication with anyone other than the instructor is not allowed.
• Students should not use any electronic tools except a non-smart calculator.
• Please attach your scratch sheet scan to the end of your submission.
• Please submit your exam to UR Course NO LATER than 15:45, Dec 18nd, 2020.
• Please allow at least 10 minutes for scanning and uploading your answers to UR Course.

Section 1 Multiple Choices (20 questions, 20 points)

Choose all that apply.
1. ( ) Air pollution may have various effects, including:
a. Reduced crop productivity
b. Reduced visibility
c. Compromised building structures
d. Aggravated respiratory ailments
e. None of above
2. ( ) Photochemical smog is a type of air pollution that requires multiple factors to occur, including:
a. Sunlight
b. Proper precipitation
c. NOx
d. VOCs
e. Temperature greater than 18°C
3. ( ) Hazardous waste materials may exhibit characteristics such as:
a. Flammability
b. Odor
c. Corrosiveness
d. Toxicity
4. ( ) Radioactive waste should be handled through:
a. Landfilling
b. Incineration
c. Composting
d. Reduction/reusing/recycling
e. Integrated waste management
f. Hazardous waste management
5. ( ) Which of the following is/are not hazardous waste?
a. Acids
b. Heavy metals
c. Sharp metal pieces
d. Infectious waste
6. ( ) The major agricultural challenges are:
a. Loss of farmable land
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 University of Regina ENEV 223 Final Examination Term Fall 2020
b. Loss of domestic varieties
c. Insufficient crop production
d. Control environmental impacts
e. Insufficient investment
f. All of the above
7. ( ) The major mines in operation in Saskatchewan are:
a. Uranium
b. Diamond
c. Coal
d. Asbestos
e. Potash
8. ( ) Based on nutrient enrichment levels, lakes could be divided into:
a. Oligotrophic lake
b. Freshwater lake
c. Mesotrophic lake
d. Eutrophic lake
e. Saltwater lake
9. ( ) Chihuahuas, beagles, and Rottweilers are an example of:
a. Ecosystem diversity
b. Biodiversity
c. Species diversity
d. Genetic diversity
10. ( ) Standing-water ecosystems could be divided into different zones, including:
a. Littoral zone
b. Buffering zone
c. Limnetic zone
d. Profundal zone
e. All of the above
11. ( ) Wetlands consists of different functional zones. They are:
a. Aquatic zone
b. Grassland zone
c. Riparian zone
d. Tree-land zone
e. Upland zone
f. All of the above
12. ( ) To calculate population growth rate, we need to know:
a. Birth rate
b. Death rate
c. Gender ratio
d. Immigration rate
e. Emigration rate
13. ( ) The stages of demographic transition are:
a. Preindustrial
b. Transitional
c. Industrial
d. Primeval
e. Post-industrial
14. ( ) In environment impact analyses, common numerous assessment methodologies are:
a. Quantified checklist
b. Interactive matrix
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 University of Regina ENEV 223 Final Examination Term Fall 2020
c. Monetary comparison
d. Common parameter weighed checklist
15. ( ) Habitat loss is caused by:
a. Degradation of genetic diversity
b. Over hunting by human beings
c. Conversion of natural areas
d. Fragmentation of ecosystems
16. ( ) Typically, lakes are stratified into epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion in ___________.
a. Spring
b. Summer
c. Autumn
d. Winter
17. ( ) BOD is a parameter that is used to indicate the concentration of _________ in water.
a. Biodegradable carbon
b. Total carbon
c. Dissolved oxygen
d. Certain nitrogenous pollutants
e. Certain phosphorus-containing pollutants
18. ( ) Nitrification is done by_________.
a. E. coli
b. Nitrosomonas
c. Nitrifiers
d. Nitrobacter
e. Denitrifiers
19. ( ) The major water related issues are_______.
a. Water pollution
b. Water delivery
c. Water scarcity
d. Flooding
20. ( ) Throughout the term, how many guest lectures did we have? How many lecturers were invited?
a. 2; 7
b. 3; 7
c. 4; 6
d. 3; 3

Section 2 Completion of the Statements (5 questions, 20 points)

1. The solid inorganic portion of the Earth is termed _____________.
2. In this course, LID stands for _____________.
3. A typical drinking water treatment train consists of ____________, __________, sedimentation,
filtration, and __________.
4. ED50 refers to __________ at which 50% of test subjects ______________________.
5. _______________ are areas with high numbers of endemic species.

Section 3 Short Answers (10 questions, 40 points)

1. Draw a schematic diagram of the hydrologic cycle and explain.
2. What does a typical drinking water treatment train consist of?
3. Briefly explain the relationship between resilience and diversity of ecosystems.
4. According to what this course has covered, is it a good idea to introduce foreign species to enrich
biodiversity?
5. Define global warming potential.
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 University of Regina ENEV 223 Final Examination Term Fall 2020
6. What is integrated waste management? What are its advantages and disadvantages?
7. What is the modern approach to address urban flooding and draught issues?
8. In general, what are the potential environmental and ecological impacts of agriculture production?
9. Draw the three dose-response curves and briefly explain.
10. What are the major watersheds in Canada?

Section 4 Calculations (1 question, 20 points)

A wastewater treatment plant for a city discharges its treated plant effluent into a stream, but the treatment is
inadequate. You are in charge of the city’s public works, and you hire a consulting engineer to assess the problem
and to offer solutions. She estimates that expanding the capacity of the treatment plant to achieve the required
effluent quality will be an expensive proposition. She figures out that the city can meet the downstream water
quality standard by building a large holding basin for the plant effluent (discharge) and holding back the treated
wastewater during dry weather (low river flow) and discharging only during high stream flows (rainy weather).
The amount of organic pollution being discharged would remain the same, of course, but now the stream standards
would be met, the river water quality would be acceptable for aquatic life, and the city would be off the hook.

Your consulting engineer did some calculations before making her recommendation, of course. The cost of
increasing the plant capacity is $2.0 million and the cost of the holding basin is $2.5 million. The annual operating
cost of the treatment plant expansion is $450,000, and the operating cost of the holding pond is $120,000/yr. The
city can borrow money at 8% interest; the expected life of the treatment plant expansion is 12 years, and the
expected life of the holding pond is 20 yr.

(1) On the basis of economics alone, is the engineer right (use both annual cost and present worth methods)? (10
pts)
(2) Would you recommend this solution to the city council? (5 pts)
(3) What type of decisions would you make to determine your final recommendation? (5 pts)

(Note: The information and values in the question are for knowledge-testing only, not representing any reality.)

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