JAHANGIRABAD INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Department of Computer science and engineering

Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow

LAB MANUAL
Subject Code: KCS-653 H

Subject Name: COMPUTER NETWORK

 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:

1. Study of Socket Programming

2. Client- Server chat using TCP/IP
3. Echo Client and Echo Server using TCP sockets.
4. File transfer using TCP sockets.
5. Write a code simulating PING and TRACEROUTE command.
6. Write a program to implement RPC(Remote Procedure Call).
7. Implement to stop and wait protocol and sliding window protocol.
8. Write a code simulating ARP/RARP.
9. Create a socket for HTTP for web page upload and download.
10.Study of Network simulator (NS).and Simulation of Congestion Control Algorithms
using NS
 EXPERIMENT NO-1

STUDY OF SOCKET PROGRAMMING

AIM:
To study about socket programming for developing the client server application.

DESCRIPTION

A socket is an endpoint for communication. Two processes can communicate by creating

sockets and sending messages between them. A socket type is uniquely determined by a
<domain, type, protocol> triple.

a= socket(addressfamily,type of socket,protocol)

addressfamily=AF_INET type of socket=SOCK_STREAM (or)

SOCK_DGRAM protocol= 0 (for system default protocol)
a=unique descriptor
In order to hold information about the socket, socket address structures are used.

int bind (socket descriptor, socket address structure,

sizeof(socketaddressstructure)) return 0 if OK,-1 on error

int listen( int sockfd, int backlog)

return 0 if OK,-1 on error

int accept(int sockfd, void *addr, void

*addrlen); return positive value if OK, -1 on
error

int connect(int sockfd, socket address structure, sizeof(socketaddressstructure))

RESULT:

Thus the socket programming was studied.

AIM

To write a C program for creating a socket

ALGORITHM

1. Include the necessary header files.

2. Declare 2 variables as TCP and UDP file descriptors for holding the values of
TCP and UDP socket.
3. Call the System function Socket ( ) with the following parameters type of family, type
of socket and type of protocol for creating the socket.
4. If the System function returns negative value then the print error message else
print socket created with socket value.

SOCKET BINDING
AIM
To write a C program for socket binding

ALGORITHM

1. Include the necessary header files.

2. Declare 2 variables as TCP and UDP file descriptors for holding the values of
3. TCP and UDP socket.
4. Call the System function socket() with the following parameters type of family, type
of socket and type of protocol for creating the socket.
5. Call the system function bind() with the following parameters socket descriptor,
socket address structure and size of socket address structure.

RESULT:

Thus the socket creation and socket binding was performed.

 EXPERIMENT NO-2
CLIENT – SERVER CHAT USING TCP/IP

Aim:

To write a C program for client – server chat using TCP

Theory

TCP

TCP stands for Transaction Control Protocol. This is one of the transport layer protocols. TCP offers a
connection-oriented, reliable, byte stream service. This also provides a good flow control and
congestion control. The term connection-oriented means any two applications using TCP must
establish a connection with each other before they can exchange data. This can be done by using
three-way handshaking.

Data is divided into small chunks and each chunk of data is called as Segments. The data sent
using TCP follows a single route and it can be in out-of-order. The receiver will rearrange the data
using the sequence numbers.

Flow control is established by using a finite amount of buffer space on both sides. With this
the receiver allows the sender to send only the amount of data it can accept in the buffer. TCP also
provides error control. A checksum is maintained in the header and data.

Services provided by TCP

• Connection- oriented: setup required between client, server
• Reliable transport between sending and receiving process
• Flow control: sender won’t overwhelm receiver
• Congestion control: throttle sender when network
overloaded Services not provided by TCP
• Timing and minimum bandwidth

Algorithm

Server

1. Start the program.

2. Include all the necessary header files and declare necessary variables.
3. Create a stream socket “sersock” using socket() and check if the socket is created
successfully or not.
4. Initialize the server socket structure variable – ser_ip(family, port & address).
5. Use bind() to assign the local socket address ser_ip to the socket identified by sersock.
6. Accept the request to connect from the client by using the accept() and store the
socket information in nsersock.
7. Send and receive data to and from the client by using send () & recv() respectively. Print the
received data.
8. Goto step 7 until client sends “exit”.
9. Close all open sockets.
10. Stop the program.
Client

1. Start the program.

 2. Include all the necessary header files and declare necessary variables.
3. Create a stream socket “clisock” using socket() and check if the socket is created
successfully of not.
4. Initialize the client socket structure variable – cli_ip(family, port & address).
5. Send a request to connect with the server using connect().
6. Send and receive data to and from server using send() & recv() respectively.
7. Repeat step 6 until either of the users wants to quit by typing “exit”.
8. Close all open sockets.
9. Stop the program.

Program
Serverchat
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class Serverchat{
public static void main(String[]args)throws IOException{
ServerSocket sock=null;
BufferedReader fromClient=null,fromUser=null;
PrintWriter toClient=null;
Socket client=null;
try{
sock=new ServerSocket(4444);
System.out.println("Server Ready");
client=sock.accept();
System.out.println("Client connected");
fromClient=new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));
toClient=new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream());
fromUser=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
String line,Usermsg;
while(true){
line=fromClient.readLine();
if((line==null) || (line.equals("bye")))
break;
System.out.println("Client:" +line);
System.out.print("me:");
Usermsg=fromUser.readLine();
toClient.println(Usermsg);
toClient.flush();
}
fromClient.close();
toClient.close();
client.close();
System.out.println("Client disconnected");
}
catch(IOException ioe){
System.out.println(ioe);
}
}
}

Clientchat
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class Clientchat{
public static void main(String[]args)throws IOException{
BufferedReader fromServer=null,fromUser=null;
PrintWriter toServer=null;
Socket sock=null;
try{
if(args.length==0)
sock=new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(),4444);
else
sock=new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(args[0]),4444);
fromServer=new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(sock.getInputStream()));
fromUser=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
toServer=new PrintWriter(sock.getOutputStream(),true);
String Usermsg,Servmsg;
System.out.println("Type \"bye\" to quit");
while(true){
System.out.print("me:");
Usermsg=fromUser.readLine();
if(Usermsg==null||Usermsg.equals("bye")){
toServer.println("bye");
break;
}
els
e toServer.println(Usermsg);
Servmsg=fromServer.readLine();
System.out.println("Server:" +Servmsg);

}
fromUser.close();
fromServer.close();
toServer.close();
sock.close();
}
catch(IOException ioe){
System.err.println(ioe);
}
}
}

Result

Thus the C program for client-server chat using TCP is written, entered, executed and the
results are verified.
 EXPERIMENT NO-3
ECHO CLIENT AND SERVER USING TCP SOCKETS

AIM:

To implementation of echo client server using TCP/IP

ALGORITHM:

1.start the program

2 To create a socket in client to server.

3. 3he client establishes a connection to the server.

4. The client accept the connection and send data to server and the server to replay

the echo message to the client

5. The client communicate the server to send the end of the message

6. Stop the program.

Program

Server

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class Serverecho{
public static void main(String[]args)throws IOException{
ServerSocket sock=null;
BufferedReader fromClient=null;
OutputStreamWriter toClient=null;
Socket client=null;
try{
sock=new ServerSocket(4444);
System.out.println("Server Ready");
client=sock.accept();
System.out.println("Client connected");
fromClient=new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));
toClient=new OutputStreamWriter(client.getOutputStream());
String line;
while(true){
line=fromClient.readLine(); if((line==null)||
(line.equals("bye")))
break;
System.out.println("client[" +line+ "]\n");
toClient.write("server[" +line+ "]\n");
toClient.flush();
}
fromClient.close();
toClient.close();
 client.close();
System.out.println("Client disconnected");
}
catch(IOException ioe){
System.out.println(ioe);
}
}}
Client
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class Clientecho{
public static void main(String[]args)throws IOException{
BufferedReader fromServer=null,fromUser=null;
PrintWriter toServer=null;
Socket sock=null;
try{
if(args.length==0)
sock=new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(),4444);
else
sock=new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(args[0]),4444);
fromServer=new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(sock.getInputStream()));
fromUser=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
toServer=new PrintWriter(sock.getOutputStream(),true);
String Usermsg,Servmsg;
System.out.println("Type \"bye\" to quit");
while(true){
System.out.println("Enter msg to server:");
Usermsg=fromUser.readLine();
if(Usermsg.equals("bye")){
toServer.println("bye");
break;
}
els
e toServer.println(Usermsg);
Servmsg=fromServer.readLine();
System.out.println(Servmsg);

}
fromUser.close();
fromServer.close();
toServer.close();
sock.close();
}
catch(IOException ioe){
System.err.println(ioe);
}
}
}

Result
Thus the echo client server using TCP/IP was implemented successfully.
 EXPERIMENT No- 4
File transfer using TCP sockets

Aim

To write a java program for applaction using TCP Sockets

Algorithm

1. Start the program.

2. Get the frame size from the user
3. To create the frame based on the user
request. 4.To send frames to server from the
client side.
5. If your frames reach the server it will send ACK signal to client otherwise it
will send NACK signal to client.
6. Stop the program

Program
Clientfile

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.String;
public class ClientFile{
public static void main(String [] args)throws IOException{
int i;
//String s="ServerFile.txt";
InputStream is=null;
BufferedOutputStream bos=null;
Socket sock=null;
try{
if(args.length==0)
sock=new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(),4000);
else
sock=new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(args[0]),4000);
System.out.println("Connecting...");
String s1="clientFile.txt";
File myfile = new File(s1);
byte [] arrayy=new
byte[1500];
is=sock.getInputStream();
bos=new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(myfile));
i=is.read(arrayy,0,arrayy.length);
bos.write(arrayy,0,i);
bos.flush();
}
catch(IOException ioe){
System.out.println(ioe);
}
 }
}

Serverfile

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.String;
public class ServerFile{
public static void main(String [] args)throws IOException{
ServerSocket sock=null;
BufferedInputStream bis=null;
Socket client=null;
OutputStream os=null;
int a;
try{
sock=new ServerSocket(4000);
System.out.println("Waiting...");
client=sock.accept();
System.out.println("Server Ready");
System.out.println("Accepted connection:" +client);
String s="ServerFile.txt";
File myfilee=new File(s);
byte [] array=new byte[(int)myfilee.length()];
bis=new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(myfilee));
a=bis.read(array,0,array.length);
os=client.getOutputStream();
os.write(array,0,a);
os.flush();
}
catch(IOException ioe){
System.out.println(ioe);
}
}
}

Result
Thus the file transfer using TCP sockets was executed successfully.
 EXPERIMENT NO-5
Write a Code simulating PING and TRACEROUTE Commands
Aim:
To Write The java program for simulating ping and traceroute commands

ALGORITHM:
1. Start the program.
2. Get the frame size from the user
3. To create the frame based on the user
request. 4.To send frames to server from the
client side.
5. If your frames reach the server it will send ACK signal to client otherwise it
will send NACK signal to client.
6. Stop the program

Program

//pingclient.java
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Calendar;
class pingclient
{
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
{
String str;
int c=0;
long t1,t2;
Socket s=new Socket("127.0.0.1",5555);
DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(s.getInputStream());
PrintStream out=new PrintStream(s.getOutputStream());
while(c<4)
{
t1=System.currentTimeMillis();
str="Welcome to network programming world";
out.println(str);
System.out.println(dis.readLine());
t2=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(";TTL="+(t2-t1)+"ms"); c+
+;
}
s.close();
 //pingserver.java
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.text.*;
class pingserver
{
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ss=new ServerSocket(5555);
Socket s=ss.accept();
int c=0;
while(c<4)
{
DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(s.getInputStream());
PrintStream out=new PrintStream(s.getOutputStream());
String str=dis.readLine();
out.println("Reply from"+InetAddress.getLocalHost()+";Length"+str.length());
c++;
}
s.close();
}
}

Result:
Thus the program was implementing to simulating ping and traceroute commands
 EXPERIMENT NO-6
Write a program to implement RPC
Aim:
To write a java program to implement RPC (remote procedure call

Algorithm :
1. Start the program.
2. Get the frame size from the user
3. To create the frame based on the user
request. 4.To send frames to server from the
client side.
5. If your frames reach the server it will send ACK signal to client otherwise it
will send NACK signal to client.
6. Stop the program

Program:
RPC PROGRAM
Client
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
class Clientrpc
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
try
{
BufferedReader in=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
Socket clsct=new Socket("127.0.0.1",139);
DataInputStream din=new DataInputStream(clsct.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream dout=new DataOutputStream(clsct.getOutputStream());
System.out.println("Enter String");
String str=in.readLine();
dout.writeBytes(str+'\n');
clsct.close();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
Server
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
 import java.util.*;
class Serverrpc
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
try
{
ServerSocket obj=new ServerSocket(139);
while(true)
{
Socket obj1=obj.accept();
DataInputStream din=new DataInputStream(obj1.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream dout=new DataOutputStream(obj1.getOutputStream());
String str=din.readLine();
Process p=Runtime.getRuntime().exec(str);
}
}
catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}

OUTPUT
Server
Y:\networks\remote>java Serverrpc
Client
Y:\networks\remote>java Clientrpc
Enter String
Calc

Result :
Thus the program was implementing to implement RPC (remote procedure call)
 EXPERIMENT NO-7
Implementation of Stop and Wait Protocol and Sliding Window Protocol

AIM:
To write a java program to perform sliding window.

ALGORITHM:
1. Start the program.
2. Get the frame size from the user
3. To create the frame based on the user
request. 4.To send frames to server from the
client side.
5. If your frames reach the server it will send ACK signal to client otherwise it
will send NACK signal to client.
6. Stop the program

Program :
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.rmi.*;
public class slidsender
{
public static void main(String a[])throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ser=new ServerSocket(10);
Socket s=ser.accept();
DataInputStream in=new DataInputStream(System.in);
DataInputStream in1=new
DataInputStream(s.getInputStream()); String sbuff[]=new
String[8];
PrintStream p;
int sptr=0,sws=8,nf,ano,i;
String ch;
do
{
p=new PrintStream(s.getOutputStream());
System.out.print("Enter the no. of frames : ");
nf=Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());
p.println(nf);
if(nf<=sws-1)
{
System.out.println("Enter "+nf+" Messages to be send\n");
for(i=1;i<=nf;i++)
{
sbuff[sptr]=in.readLine();
p.println(sbuff[sptr]); sptr=++sptr
%8;
}
sws-=nf;
System.out.print("Acknowledgment received");
ano=Integer.parseInt(in1.readLine());
System.out.println(" for "+ano+" frames");
sws+=nf;
}
else
{
System.out.println("The no. of frames exceeds window size");
break;
}
System.out.print("\nDo you wants to send some more frames : ");
ch=in.readLine(); p.println(ch);
}
while(ch.equals("yes"));
s.close();
}
}
RECEIVER PROGRAM
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
class slidreceiver
{
public static void main(String a[])throws Exception
{
Socket s=new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(),10);
DataInputStream in=new DataInputStream(s.getInputStream());
PrintStream p=new PrintStream(s.getOutputStream());
int i=0,rptr=-1,nf,rws=8;
String rbuf[]=new String[8];
String ch; System.out.println();
do
{
nf=Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());
if(nf<=rws-1)
{
For(i=1;i<=nf;i++)
{
rptr=++rptr%8;
rbuf[rptr]=in.readLine();
System.out.println("The received Frame " +rptr+" is : "+rbuf[rptr]);
}
rws-=nf;
System.out.println("\nAcknowledgment sent\n");
p.println(rptr+1); rws+=nf; }
else
break;
ch=in.readLine();
}
while(ch.equals("yes"));
}
}
OUTPUT:

//SENDER OUTPUT
Enter the no. of frames : 4
Enter 4 Messages to be send
hiii
how r u
i am
fine
how is evryone
Acknowledgment received for 4 frames
Do you wants to send some more frames : no

//RECEIVER OUTPUT
The received Frame 0 is : hiii
The received Frame 1 is : how r
u
The received Frame 2 is : i am fine
The received Frame 3 is : how is everyone

Result
Thus the program was implemented successfully.
 EXPERIMENT NO-8

Write a code simulating ARP /RARP protocols.

Aim:
To write a java program for simulating arp/rarp protocols

ALGORITHM:
server
1. Create a server socket and bind it to port.
2. Listen for new connection and when a connection arrives, accept it.
3. Send server‟s date and time to the client.
4. Read client‟s IP address sent by the client.
5. Display the client details.
6. Repeat steps 2-5 until the server is terminated.
7. Close all streams.
8. Close the server socket.
9. Stop.
Client
1. Create a client socket and connect it to the server‟s port number.
2. Retrieve its own IP address using built-in function.
3. Send its address to the server.
4. Display the date & time sent by the server.
5. Close the input and output streams.
6. Close the client socket.
7. Stop.

Program
Program for Address Resolutuion Protocol (ARP) using TCP
Client:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
class Clientarp
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Try
{
BufferedReader in=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
Socket clsct=new Socket("127.0.0.1",139);
DataInputStream din=new DataInputStream(clsct.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream dout=new DataOutputStream(clsct.getOutputStream());
System.out.println("Enter the Logical address(IP):");
String str1=in.readLine();
dout.writeBytes(str1+'\n');
String str=din.readLine();
System.out.println("The Physical Address is: "+str);
clsct.close();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
Server:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
class Serverarp
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
try
{
ServerSocket obj=new ServerSocket(139);
Socket obj1=obj.accept();
while(true)
{
DataInputStream din=new DataInputStream(obj1.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream dout=new DataOutputStream(obj1.getOutputStream());
String str=din.readLine();
String ip[]={"165.165.80.80","165.165.79.1"};
String mac[]={"6A:08:AA:C2","8A:BC:E3:FA"};
for(int i=0;i<ip.length;i++)
{
if(str.equals(ip[i]))
{
dout.writeBytes(mac[i]+'\n');
break;
}
}
obj.close();
}
}
catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}

Output:
E:\networks>java Serverarp
E:\networks>java Clientarp
Enter the Logical address(IP):
165.165.80.80
The Physical Address is: 6A:08:AA:C2

Program for Reverse Address Resolutuion Protocol (RARP) using UDP

Client:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
class Clientrarp12
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
try
{
DatagramSocket client=new DatagramSocket();
InetAddress addr=InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
byte[] sendbyte=new byte[1024];
byte[] receivebyte=new byte[1024];
BufferedReader in=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println("Enter the Physical address (MAC):");
String str=in.readLine();
sendbyte=str.getBytes();
DatagramPacket sender=new DatagramPacket(sendbyte,sendbyte.length,addr,1309);
client.send(sender);
DatagramPacket receiver=new DatagramPacket(receivebyte,receivebyte.length);
client.receive(receiver);
String s=new String(receiver.getData());
System.out.println("The Logical Address is(IP): "+s.trim());
client.close();
}
catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
Server:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
class Serverrarp12
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
try
{
DatagramSocket server=new DatagramSocket(1309);
while(true)
{
byte[] sendbyte=new byte[1024];
byte[] receivebyte=new
byte[1024];
DatagramPacket receiver=new DatagramPacket(receivebyte,receivebyte.length);
server.receive(receiver);
String str=new
String(receiver.getData()); String
s=str.trim();
//System.out.println(s);
InetAddress addr=receiver.getAddress();
int port=receiver.getPort();
String ip[]={"165.165.80.80","165.165.79.1"};
String mac[]={"6A:08:AA:C2","8A:BC:E3:FA"};
for(int i=0;i<ip.length;i++)
{
if(s.equals(mac[i]))
{
sendbyte=ip[i].getBytes();
DatagramPacket sender=new DatagramPacket(sendbyte,sendbyte.length,addr,port);
server.send(sender);
break;
}
}
break;
}
}
catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}

Output:
I:\ex>java Serverrarp12
I:\ex>java Clientrarp12
Enter the Physical address (MAC):
6A:08:AA:C2
The Logical Address is(IP): 165.165.80.80

Result :
Thus the program for implementing to display simulating ARP /RARP protocols.
 EXPERIMENT NO-9
Create a socket for HTTP for web page upload and download.
Aim:
To write a java program for socket for HTTP for web page upload and download .
Algorithm
1. Start the program.
2. Get the frame size from the user
3. To create the frame based on the user
request. 4.To send frames to server from the
client side.
5. If your frames reach the server it will send ACK signal to client otherwise it
will send NACK signal to client.
6. Stop the program

Program :
Client
import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import javax.imageio.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public class Client{
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
Socket soc;
BufferedImage img = null;
soc=new Socket("localhost",4000);
System.out.println("Client is running.

"); try {

System.out.println("Reading image from disk. ");

img = ImageIO.read(new File("digital_image_processing.jpg"));
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

ImageIO.write(img, "jpg", baos);

baos.flush();
 byte[] bytes =
baos.toByteArray(); baos.close();
System.out.println("Sending image to server. ");
OutputStream out = soc.getOutputStream();
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(out);
dos.writeInt(bytes.length);
dos.write(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
System.out.println("Image sent to server. ");

dos.close();
out.close();

}catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Exception: " + e.getMessage());
soc.close();
}
soc.close();
}
}
Server
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import javax.imageio.*;
import javax.swing.*;
class Server {
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
ServerSocket server=null;
Socket socket;
server = new ServerSocket(4000);
System.out.println("Server Waiting for image");

socket = server.accept();
System.out.println("Client connected.");

InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();
DataInputStream dis = new
DataInputStream(in);

int len = dis.readInt();

System.out.println("Image Size: " + len/1024 + "KB");

byte[] data = new byte[len];

dis.readFully(data);
dis.close();
in.close();
InputStream ian = new
ByteArrayInputStream(data); BufferedImage
bImage = ImageIO.read(ian); JFrame f = new
JFrame("Server");
ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(bImage);
JLabel l = new JLabel();
 l.setIcon(icon);
f.add(l);
f.pack();
f.setVisible(true);
}
}
Download
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.net.URL;
public class Download {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

try{
String fileName = "digital_image_processing.jpg";
String website = "http://tutorialspoint.com/java_dip/images/"+fileName;

System.out.println("Downloading File From: " + website);

URL url = new URL(website);

InputStream inputStream = url.openStream();
OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];

int length = 0;

while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {

System.out.println("Buffer Read of length: " + length);
outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length);
}

inputStream.close();
outputStream.close();

}catch(Exception e){
System.out.println("Exception: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Output
When you run the client code, following output screen would appear on client side.

Result
Thus the web page was uploaded and downloaded successfully using HTTP Sockets
 EXPERIMENT NO-10

Study of Network simulator (NS).

Network Simulator:
A network simulator is a piece of software or hardware that predicts the
behavior of a network, without an actual network being present.

Uses of network simulators:

1. Network simulators serve a variety of needs. Compared to the cost and time involved in
setting up an entire test bed containing multiple networked computers, routers and data
links. Network simulators are relatively fast and inexpensive.

2. They allow engineers to test scenarios that might be particularly difficult or expensive
to emulate using real hardware. For an instance, simulating the effects of a sudden burst in
traffic or a DoS attack on a network service.

3. Networking simulators are particularly useful in allowing designers to test new

networking protocols or changes to existing protocols in a controlled and
reproducible environment.

4. Network simulators, as the name suggests are used by researchers, developers and QA to
design various kinds of networks, simulate and then analyze the effect of various
parameters on the network performance.

5.A typical network simulator encompasses a wide range of networking technologies

and help the users to build complex networks from basic building blocks like variety of nodes
and links.

6. With the help of simulators one can design hierarchical networks using various
types of nodes like computers, hubs, bridges, routers, switches, links, mobile units etc.

7. There are a wide variety of network simulators, ranging from the very simple to the
very complex. Minimally, a network simulator must enable a user to represent a network
topology, specifying the nodes on the network, the links between those nodes and the traffic
between the nodes.

8. More complicated systems may allow the user to specify everything about the protocols
used to handle network traffic.

9. Graphical applications allow users to easily visualize the workings of their simulated
environment. Text-based applications may provide a less intuitive interface, but may
permit more advanced forms of customization.
GTNets, are programming-oriented, providing a programming framework that the user then
customizes to create an application that simulates the networking environment to be tested.