MIL REVIEWER ZOOM

L1 MEDIA AND INFORMATION - To move the camera closer or further

LANGUAGE away from the subject.
LANGUAGE PEDESTAL
- A system of arbitrary, vocal symbols - Camera angle that involves
that permit all people in a given ascending or descending the entire
culture, or other people who have camera, instead of just the angle of
learned the system of that culture to the camera.
communicate or to interact. TILT
MEDIA LANGUAGE - Like panning, the camera is held on
- Codes, conventions, formats, a fixed position, but instead on
symbols and narrative structure that moving the camera side to side, it is
indicate the meaning of media moved up and down.
messages to an audience. PANORAMA
MEDIA CODES - To move the camera from side to
- Tools used to contract or suggest side or horizontally in a stationary
meaning in media forms and product position.
that have a commonly established DOLLY
meaning to the target audience. - Dolly shot refers to a camera
there are three types of codes: movement that involves the camera
attached on a track and is moved
- Technical Code towards, or away from the subject.
- Symbolic Code TRUCK
- Written Code - Similar to dolly, but instead of
>TECHNICAL CODE moving the camera toward or away
- Refers to methods of how an from the subject, the camera goes
equipment or device is used to tell from side to side.
the story. This includes how CINEMATIC LIGHTING
cameras work in a film, its framing, - is a film lighting technique that goes
lighting, etc. beyond the standard three-point
CAMERA SHOT lighting setup to add drama, depth,
- is composed of the series of frames and atmosphere to the story.
that are shot uninterrupted from the SOUND EFFECT
moment the camera starts rolling. - is a sound recorded and presented
CAMERA ANGLE so it will make a specific storytelling
- is used to specify the location where or creative point without the use of
the camera is placed to take a shot. dialogue or music..
CAMERA MOVEMENT >SYMBOLIC CODE
- is a powerful filmmaking tool - Demonstrates or shows what lies
employed to modify the relationship below what the audience see. For
between the subject and the camera instance, an actor or a character’s
frame, with the goal of altering actions depicts or describes how or
viewer's perspective what that character feels or thinks.
SETTING MEDIA CONVENTION
- refer to the place where an event - Possible methods in which codes
happens. In the picture above, we are organized in a product; based on
can conclude that the photo took a standard or norm that acts as a
place in London during the Victorian rule governing behavior.
era judging the way they dress or MEDIA PRODUCERS
the transportation used by the - Refers to people who engaged or
people in the picture. who are part of the process in
BODY LANGUAGE creating and finishing the media
- refers to an example of nonverbal product
communication through gestures or MEDIA AUDIENCE
movements. For example, on the left - Refers to the recipients of or anyone
side of the picture below shows a that is exposed to the message
man who is nervous, and on the shown through media.
right side of the picture shows a man MEDIA STAKEHOLDERS
with confidence. - Providers of information that can be
used in the media project such as
Other types of Symbolic Codes: libraries, archives, museums, and
• Color internet
• Language
L7 LEGAL AND SOCIETAL ISSUE IN
• Clothing SOCIAL MEDIA

WRITTEN CODE ETHICS

- Use of language style and textual - Also known as moral philosophy,
layout (headlines, captions, speech refers to the morals connecting to
bubbles, language style, etc.) human behavior, whether certain
SUBTITLES actions are morally accepted or not.
- Captions displayed at the bottom of
a movie or television screen that It emphasizes the importance of:
translate or transcribe the dialogue
or narrative. • Critical evaluation of information and
CLOSED CAPTION
media content.
- are a text version of the spoken part
of a television, movie, or computer • Wise contribution and use of
presentation. Closed captioning was information and media content.
developed to aid hearing-impaired • Managing one’s rights online,
people, but it's useful for a variety of including privacy and intellectual
situations property.
HEADLINES • Combating online hate speech and
- Is that headline is a heading or title cyberbullying.
of an article while caption is
• Promoting equality, free expression,
(typography) the descriptive heading
tolerance, and intercultural dialogue
or title of a document or part thereof.
through media and ICTs
AREAS OF ETHICAL CONCERNS IN - Some issues include excessive
DIGITAL MEDIA violence and its effect to the players,
the question whether proper
SOCIAL NETWORKING guidelines in making a game is
- Refers to use of websites and applied, the values people get in
applications to interact or to playing, respecting races and
communicate with other people. culture, and most of all, addiction in
Since social networking sites is games.
vastly used nowadays, it is
questionable whether people apply INSTANT MESSAGING
ethical use of social media. - Often shortened to “IM” or “IM'ing”,
BLOGGING instant messaging refers to the act
- Blog refers to a website that intends of exchanging message through a
to inform people or to discuss about software application in real time.
a particular topic. It is sometimes This software usually includes the
used to advertise products that are ability to easily let the user know if a
considered useful in their own person to be contacted is online or
experience. It is sometimes used by connected through the application.
people as their online journal to tell UPLOADING
stories about their daily lives or - Media, especially social media, can
adventures. be considered as a great place
wherein a person can share or flaunt
- According to Article III, Section 4 skills in creating something. But,
of the Philippine Constitution, uploading and sharing original
there is no law that should be creations throughout media can be a
passed that relates in reducing or big risk on the original creator’s part,
removing people’s right to express. some people may post another
Although the Philippine Constitution person’s original creation as their
protects people’s right to free own without the original creator’s
speech and expression, this does knowledge, therefore getting credit
not give them the freedom to write to on something they did not create in
harm other people. the first place.
DOWNLOADING
GAMING - Downloading music, movies, books
- The gaming industry grows, more or any other media off the internet is
and more people – especially people considered as a norm in today’s
in younger generations – are society. But unlike many others
engaging with games on various believe, downloading these type of
platforms. Each year, games files without proper permission is an
become more and more realistic to act of piracy. Piracy refers to the
the eyes of every player which unauthorized use or reproduction of
changes the way people interact another’s work.
with games.
 FAIR USE
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY - Refers to the author’s sole right and
- Intellectual property (IP) refers to the author’s limitation – which was
creations of the mind, such as given by copyright law – to an
inventions; literary and artistic works; original work. This may include
designs; and symbols, names and criticism, researching, commentary,
images used in commerce. news broadcasting, scholarship,
search engines, and library
• Patents: Exclusive rights granted for archiving.
an invention, allowing the owner to
decide how it’s used by others. NETIQUETTE
- Refers to ethical guidelines in
• Copyrights: Rights that creators
communication or using the
have over their literary and artistic
Internet. This includes rules
works.
on how to act during
• Trademarks: Signs capable of discussions and also the
distinguishing the goods or services unique nature of the medium.
of one enterprise from those of Netiquette is usually
others. administered by people who
• Industrial Designs: The ornamental can immediately recognize
or aesthetic aspect of an article. violators or violations of
• Geographical Indications: Signs netiquette.
used on goods with a specific
geographical origin and qualities. For instance, the following is an example of
netiquette in electronic mailing based on
• Trade Secrets: IP rights on
Virginia Shea’s 2004 online book called
confidential information which may “Netiquette”:
be sold or licensed.
1. Introduce yourself – always begin
COPYRIGHT by identifying yourself so that the
receiver will can easily know the
sender and at the end of a message,
use a signature or footer with
information about yourself.
descriptive phrase that express the
topic of the message.
2. Do not use sarcasm – avoid using
sarcasm because some might
misinterpret the message and will
COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT
cause conflict.
- Using or reproducing someone
3. Value and have respect for others’
else’s work without permission
privacy – do not send out or share
PLAGIARISM
somebody else’s email without
- Claiming a work or an intellectual
permission.
property as your own
 4. Immediately respond to messages CYBERBULLYING OR
5. Be cautious in copying – avoid CYBER-HARASSMENT
copying everyone you know on each A type of bullying done online. This includes
message. sending threats, sexually harassing others,
6. Enter a subject line – in the subject posting rumors, sharing private information,
line, include a Do not spam or send or negative comments or posts against a
out junk mail – do not respond or person.
massively send out worthless email
postings like chain letters, rumors, VIRTUAL SELF
gossip, etc. This refers to the digital identity or assumed
7. Be curt – be concise in responding identity in the virtual world.
or sending out email
8. Observe proper language – avoid L8:OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES,
rude language, use proper grammar, AND POWER OF MEDIA AND
and check spelling INFORMATION
9. Use proper emotion icons (or
emoticons) to help express meaning OPPORTUNITY
– use appropriate emoticons like A time or set of circumstances that makes it
smileys = ) or : - ) to accentuate possible to do something.
emotions or feelings. • Economy
• Education
SOME ISSUES RELATED IN SOCIAL
MEDIA & INFORMATION • Social
• Political
DIGITAL DIVIDE
Originally, digital divide refers to the gap ECONOMY
between users when it comes to access of - Media and information have a
information and communication technology significant impact on the economy,
(e.g. those who have Internet connection at both as an opportunity and as a
home vs. those who don’t). But since challenge. The rise of digital media
information and communication technology and the internet has fundamentally
is within our reach nowadays, digital divide transformed the way people
may refer to the gap between users when it consume and share information, and
comes to skills in using information and this has created new economic
communication technology or the gap opportunities in various areas,
between users who have less and more including E-commerce, advertising,
bandwidth. data analysis, content creation.

ADDICTION EDUCATION
Commonly called PIU or Problematic - Media and information technology
Internet Use that refers to too much use of have transformed the way education
Internet to the point that affects daily life. is delivered, making it more
accessible and engaging for
learners. The opportunity lies in
 leveraging these technologies to communities and share information
enhance the learning experience about candidates and issues.
and improve outcomes for students.
Some of the ways in which media CHALLENGES
and information can be used in A challenge is something new and difficult
education include e-learning which requires great effort and
platforms and digital textbooks, determination.
• Illegal Content
SOCIAL MEDIA
• Cybercrime
- Social media has provided immense
opportunities for media and • Copyright Infringement
information sharing. Here are some • Citizen Journalism
of the opportunities that social media • Human Trafficking
has created rapid spread of
information, crowdsourcing, ILLEGAL CONTENT
user-generated content, access to - The rise of digital media and social
diverse perspectives networking sites has made it easier
than ever to create and share
POLITICAL content online. However, it has also
- The media and information industry created new challenges in
plays a crucial role in the political combating the spread of illegal
arena by providing an opportunity for content, such as pirated material,
politicians to communicate with their child pornography, hate speech, and
constituents, shape public opinion, terrorist propaganda.
and mobilize support for their
campaigns. Political communication CYBERCRIME
and information sharing are - The media and information industry
essential components of democratic faces significant challenges in the
governance and help to ensure that realm of cybercrime. The rise of
citizens are well-informed and digital technology has brought about
engaged in the political process. new opportunities for cybercriminals
to hack into computer systems, steal
- The rise of social media and digital sensitive information, and commit
technology has dramatically fraud. Some of the challenges facing
transformed the way politicians the media and information industry
interact with the public. Social media in relation to cybercrime include data
platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and breaches, malware and phishing
Instagram have become powerful attacks, online harassment and
tools for political communication, cyberbullying, disinformation and
allowing candidates to engage with fake news
voters directly, bypassing traditional
media outlets. Social media has also
enabled voters to organize
themselves into political
COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT women, and even children,
- Copyright infringement is a are trafficked into different
significant challenge for the media countries in the world that
and information industry. Copyright makes a large profit
laws are in place to protect the estimating many billions of
creators of original content, including dollars per year.
music, movies, books, and other
forms of intellectual property. - Human trafficking is
However, the ease of digital considered as a concealed
reproduction and distribution has crime for there are rarely
made it increasingly difficult to reports involving human
enforce copyright laws and prevent trafficking because of victims
infringement. The following are to look for help because of
some of the challenges posed by fear of the traffickers,
copyright infringement in the media judgement, or sometimes,
and information industry like piracy fear of the law enforcement.

CITIZEN JOURNALISM - Traffickers catch their victims

- This refers to people or citizens that by taking advantage of the
gather and share news or victim’s vulnerability, lack of
information. Can also be known as knowledge and awareness of
“public journalism”, “street the human trafficking, natural
journalism”, “democratic journalism”, disasters, or poverty to lure
“participatory journalism”, or “guerilla them into human trafficking.
journalism”.
POWER MEDIA
- Courtney C. Radsch defines citizen - The media's most important and
journalism as an “activist” alternate obvious function is to disseminate
type of gathering and disseminating information so that people can better
news that functions outside the understand what is happening in the
typical way of broadcasting news world. The media covers every kind
and information. Meanwhile, citizen of news, whether it be about politics
journalism, according to Jay Rosen, or crime, to ensure that everyone is
simply refers to the audience that informed about the world they live in.
informs other audiences using the People are kept informed about
press tools they own. significant events and developments
by the media.
HUMAN TRAFFICKING
- Human trafficking refers to - On the other hand, there are
the use of threats or tricking benefits and drawbacks to media.
people into doing some type There are numerous different sorts
of labor or forcing or of media can be found everywhere,
commercial sex act. Millions allowing us to quickly access
of people including men, information with just one click.
NEGATIVE POWER MEDIA POSITIVE POWER MEDIA
- Misinformation: The media has the - Raising awareness: The media can
power to spread false information, use its reach and influence to raise
which can have harmful effects on awareness about important social
individuals and communities. and political issues. By highlighting
Misinformation can lead to fear, social injustices and bringing
confusion, and even harm people's attention to marginalized
health and safety. communities, the media can
promote a more inclusive and just
- Sensationalism: The media tends society.
to prioritize sensational stories over
important ones, leading to a - Fostering transparency: The
distorted view of reality. This can media can act as a watchdog,
create an exaggerated or skewed holding those in power accountable
perception of events and perpetuate and promoting transparency. This
stereotypes and prejudices. can help prevent abuses of power
and promote good governance.
- Stigma and Discrimination: The
media can perpetuate stigma and - Providing information: The media
discrimination towards certain has the power to provide information
groups, particularly marginalized on a wide range of topics, from
communities. This can lead to science and technology to politics
further social exclusion and harm and culture. This can help people
individuals' mental and physical make informed decisions and
wellbeing. promote a more educated and
engaged citizenry.
- Invasion of Privacy: The media can
invade the privacy of individuals by - Promoting diversity: The media
publishing personal information, can promote diversity by providing
images, or other sensitive data. This platforms for marginalized
can have devastating consequences communities to share their stories
for individuals, causing harm to their and perspectives. This can help
personal and professional lives. challenge stereotypes and promote
a more inclusive society.
- Bias: The media has the power to
present information with a particular - Celebrating achievements: The
bias, which can influence public media can use its power to celebrate
opinion and perpetuate inequalities. achievements and inspire others to
This can lead to a lack of diversity in follow in their footsteps. By
perspectives and further marginalize highlighting the successes of
certain groups. individuals and communities, the
media can promote positive role
models and inspire positive change.
 VOICE & TONE RECOGNITION
L9 CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS OF - At present, voice recognition is
MEDIA AND INFORMATION widely used by some technologies
(e.g. commanding a smart phone to
HAPTICS TECHNOLOGY do a certain task, confirm a person’s
- A type of technology wherein the identity, etc.).
user’s sense of touch is used to feel
force, vibrations, or motions for - Voice and tone recognition
several purposes. Haptics technology can be used to identify a
Technology is most applied in video person’s health or sense emotional
games, movies, or in the virtual arts, state. This technology can become
such as synthesis of sound, and for useful in the field of security and
graphics designing and animation. healthcare.

>GAME CONTROLLER INTELLECT ROUTE

- Vibrations are felt on the controllers - This future technology will become
whenever there are obstacles on the handy to those people who are
game to alert the player. always on the move. For instance,
intelligent routing can provide
>STEERING WHEELS CONTROLLER location just by taking a picture of
- According to popsci.com, there are the street, or by giving specific
new steering wheels that utilizes description using smart phones and
haptics technology wherein instead GPS or the Global Positioning
of using the voice of GPS System. Intelligent routing might
applications as a guide for direction, become helpful to people from
the steering wheel will vibrate to tell response teams during calamities, or
you which way to turn. to alert the authorities in case of
unexpected incidents.
CONTEXT AWARENESS
- Context awareness, or contextual EYE TRACKING TECHNOLOGY
awareness, gathers information from - Eye tracking refers to a form of
the user and predicting or technology that analyzes the
anticipating the user’s needs from movements or positions of a
those choices or preferences. person’s eyes through computer
applications. Nowadays, in some
- For example, a user has input the institutions, eye tracking is used for
same route to work every day, identifying or confirming one’s
context awareness can advise the identity. Eye tracking has potential
user to leave earlier than the usual application in the following fields:
time, or to take a different route
because it sensed traffic jams on the
route that the user usually takes.
USES OF EYE TRACKING TECHNOLOGY USES OF INTERNET GLASS

1. Road Safety – drivers who are 1. See location of other people, or the
feeling sleepy or distracted can be structure of a building
alerted 2. One can see information while giving
2. Health Care – people with a speech on-stage
disabilities can easily communicate 3. See directions while walking to a
with their aid and can push location
themselves when roaming around 4. Follow recipe while also executing it
on electric wheelchair 5. Locate friends nearby while walking
3. Security – catch people with down the street
suspicious behavior
4. Interaction between human and L10:MEDIA AND INFORMATION
computer – users can blink or gaze LITERATE INDIVIDUAL
on an icon to control
5. Retail – examining customer MEDIA LITERATE INDIVIDUAL
behavior on certain products or - Enables people to interpret and
goods to improve marketing make informed judgements as users
strategies information and media as well as to
6. Law enforcement – for lie detection become skillful creators and
producers of media messages in
AR & VR their own right. And the importance
- AR uses a real-world setting while of media and information literate
VR is completely virtual. AR users means being able to access,
can control their presence in the real analyze, and evaluate information,
world; VR users are controlled by which we receive through media.
the system. VR requires a headset
device, but AR can be accessed with OVERALL IMPACT OF MEDIA AND
a smartphone. AR enhances both INFORMATION
the virtual and real world while VR
only enhances a fictional reality. PERSONAL IMPACT INDIVIDUAL
- Due to the vast development of
INTERNET GLASSES technology, use of media has always
- Internet glasses refer to technology been part of our daily routine. Almost
currently being developed that everything is within our reach by
displays visuals directly on the eyes using media. For instance, many
that doesn’t block one’s line of sight. years ago, people find it hard to
contact with people whom you once
- Internet glasses can be utilized in knew somewhere – a childhood
eyeglasses and can be used for friend, a school mate when you were
e-Gaming, military defense, or can in high school – some people even
even replace Smartphones. Internet lost touch with these people
glasses has the following potential permanently. But with the use of
applications: media, it has become very easy to
 reconnect with them. Media has a new ways of communicating
large impact not just in terms of between the manufacturer and the
communication, but also in terms of consumer. Also, advertisement of
entertainment and information products has become more efficient
gathering. and efficient to attract more
customers. Examples of these are
PROFFESIONAL IMPACT INDIVIDUAL commercials we see on the
- Media has had a profound effect in television or hear on the radio,
the professional world. Most online advertisements, the billboards
recruitment agencies and companies we see on the road, etc.
make their hiring decisions based on
information they find on the Internet. - According to Rayman-Bacchus and
To do a background check, the Molina, tourism has greatly
company may call the people on the transformed tourism by mass
applicant’s character references or communication – especially Internet
the previous companies he has been – for it has empowered new tourists
employed in. The company may to become more knowledgeable.
research about an applicant through Internet is considered as a vital part
social media. of making transaction because of the
development of online sales in the
EDUCATIONAL IMPACT INDIVIDUAL tourism industry. The number of
- In education as individual, the use of sales has tremendously increased
media has tremendously helped not because of successful online
just the students, but for teachers as booking platforms for airlines, hotels,
well. Through media, students have travel agencies, etc.
easy access when it comes to
gathering numerous information EDUCATIONAL IMPACT SOCIETY
about an assignment, research - Media educates the people in the
paper, or project. Teachers also use most effective and efficient way. For
media to gather more knowledge example, print media (e.g.
and examples about a topic they are workbooks, textbook, manuals) is
lecturing. Also, students and still being used in most schools; the
teachers use media to communicate television, on the other hand, is
with their each other outside of preferred by other learners when it
school vicinities regarding their comes to gathering information
studies. about a topic, and; of course, the
internet is considered as a huge
ECONOMIC IMPACT SOCIETY home library of information that can
- The use of media has played a big be accessed in just one click.
part in the development in improving
the economical aspect of every SOCIAL IMPACT SOCIETY
country. Through media, production - Almost every person in the world
and distribution of goods has uses media as a means of
become much easier because of the communication. Whether it’s to be
 update on your friends, or to contact PHOTO JOURNALIST
someone who is far away, or to - Refers to people who capture, edit,
make new friends, it has become and present images to convey
more simple through the use of information. They are often
media like internet, radio, or even employed in newspaper and
television. magazine publishing companies.
BROADCAST JOURNALIST
POLITICAL IMPACT SOCIETY - Refers to media people who deliver
- Through media, political information information on-air. Examples of this
has become more accessible to are news anchors, field reporters
citizens of a country. For example, and radio announcers.
when politicians run for a position, it MULTIMEDIA JOURNALIST
is much easier for the citizens to - Refers to people who capture, edit,
search the credibility and the and present images to convey
background of the candidates who information. They are often
are running for the position, employed in newspaper and
therefore, it is much easier for them magazine publishing companies.
to decide who they will vote. Also,
citizens can be easily updated on PEOPLE AS MEDIA
the latest political activities and news - These are media users who are
through media like newspapers, make use media sources and
television, radio, or online news messages to provide information to
websites. people with limited access to media
and information or lower-end users.
L11: PEOPLE MEDIA IMPORTANCE OF PEOPLE IN MEDIA
- people who are well-oriented to
PEOPLE MEDIA media sources and messages and
- Refers to persons that are involved able to provide information as
in the use, analysis, evaluation and accurate and reliable as possible.
production of media and information. They are intermediaries who provide
There are two types of People information to lower-end Refers to
Media: People as Media and People persons that are involved in the use,
in Media analysis, evaluation and production
of media and information.
PEOPLE IN MEDIA > PEOPLE AS MEDIA
> LOWER END USER OPINION LEADERS
- Refers to people who are actively
PEOPLE IN MEDIA use media and interprets or delivers
messages for lower-end users. Their
PRINT JOURNALIST opinions are usually accepted by a
- Refers to people who provide group.
information by writing articles about CITIZEN JOURNALISM
a news on printed materials like - Refers to an individual or a group of
magazines and newspapers. citizens without proper training for
 journalism that uses media – usually
through Internet – to make or deliver
information. They are usually the
witnesses of an event worth sharing
SOCIAL JOURNALISM
- Refers to journalists who delivers
information through social media to
make their content more accessible
to people.
CROWDSOURCING
- These are people who provide
services, ideas, or content that are
sponsored by a large group of
people, especially from the online
community.

DIFFERENCE OF PEOPLE IN MEDIA AND

PEOPLE AS MEDIA
- People in media are media
practitioners which means they are
media-related professionals while
people as media are not but rather
media users.