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20 views

Topic1 - Slide Notes

Topic 1

Uploaded by

yvonneadhiambo2000
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CIT 4404 Mobile App Development

Topic1: Introduction to Android Platform

Dr. Fullgence Mwakondo


Institute of Computing and Informatics
Technical University of Mombasa
[email protected]

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Introduction to Android Technology
 Meaning of Android
 Android Versions
 Android Architecture
 Android Devices
 Android Studio Installation

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


What is Android?
 Open software platform for mobile development
 Originally developed by a startup company named
“Android”
 2005 Google purchased the startup
 Powered by Linux operating system and Java
technology
 Most of Android code is open source under the
Apache 2 license i.e. an open Handset Alliance (OHA)
project
 A complete stack – OS, Middleware, Applications
 Comes in many versions
CIT 4404: Mobile App Development
Android Versions
 1.1: Feb 9, 2009; 1.5: April 30, 2009, Cupcake
 1.6: Sep 15, 2009, Donut; 2.0/2.1: Oct 26, 2009, Eclair
 2.2: May 20, 2010, Froyo; 2.3: Dec 6, 2010, Gingerbread
 3.0/3.1/3.2: Feb 22, 2011, Honeycomb
 4.0: Oct 8, 2011, Ice Cream Sandwich
 4.1: July 9, 2012, Jelly Bean
 4.4: Oct 31, 2013, KitKat
 5.0: Nov 12, 2014, Lollipop
 6.0: Oct 5, 2015, Marshmallow
 7.0: Aug 22, 2016, Nougat
 8.0: Aug 21, 2017, Oreo

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Android Architecture

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Linux Kernel

• Works as a HAL
• Device drivers
• Memory management
• Process management
• Networking

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Libraries
• C/C++ libraries
• Interface through Java
• Surface manager – Handling UI Windows
• 2D and 3D graphics
• Media codecs, SQLite, Browser engine

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Android Runtime

• Dalvik VM
– Dex files
– Compact and efficient than class files
– Limited memory and battery power
• Core Libraries
– Java 5 Std edition
– Collections, I/O etc…

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Application Framework

• API interface
• Activity manager – manages application
life cycle.

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Applications

• Built in and user apps


• Can replace built in apps

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Android Devices in the Market
 SmartPhones
 Tablets
 Smartwatches
 Internet TVs
 Automobile
 E-Reader Devices

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Android Development Tools &
Installation
 Android Studio:
http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html
 Android SDK
 Java SE Development Toolkit 8:
www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-
downloads-2133151.html
 As of 2021, the Android SDK and Java Development Kit
(JDK) are a part of Android Studio
 As a result, once a developer downloads Android Studio,
it can function in the background, and they don’t have to
take the pain to download two separate applications

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


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Start Android Studio so that the Welcome screen is visible. Click Start a New
Android Studio Project. You see the Create New Project Wizard.

Set up a HelloWorld project. Type Chapter1Helloworld in the Application Name field

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Set target Android devices. Accept default, click next

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Add and Activity to Mobile. Accept default, click next

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Customize the Activity. Accept default, click next

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


After clicking finish, shows the open Android Studio IDE

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Creating Android Virtual Devices
 Android Studio offers an emulator for testing of Android apps
 Steps in creating AVD

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Launch the AVD manager by selecting Tools => Android => AVD Manager.
Click the +Create Virtual Device button to create a new AVD

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


AVD configuration: select the Nexus 5x hardware profile and click next

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


System image: select and install the latest option. Click the x86 Images tab,
select N from the list of images, then click Next

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Accept default, click Finish

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Launching your first Android App
 By default, when you create a new application in Android Studio, it
creates a Hello World application.
 Steps on launching the app

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


Select Run ➪ Run app from the Android Studio menu bar. You should
see the Select Deployment Target dialog shown below:

Select the Nexus 5x API N. Wait for a


while for the emulator to show up.

CIT 4404: Mobile App Development


CIT 4404: Mobile App Development

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