NAME: ________________________ BATCH: _______________ DATE: ______________

CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Subject: Chemistry Topic: Solutions

1. The B.P. elevation constant for benzene is 2.57oC/m. The boiling point of benzene is
80.1oC. Determine the B.P. of a solution formed when 5 gm of C14H12 is dissolved in
15 gm of benzene. Ans. 84.86oC

2. What mass of cane sugar must be dissolved in 4 kg of H2O to yield a solution that will
freeze at –3.72oC. (Kf = 1.86oC/m) Ans. 2736 gm

3. If a cold climate water gets frozen causing damage to the radiator of cars. Ethylene
glycol is used as an antifreezer. Calculate the amount of glycol to be added to 4 kg of
water to present it from freezing at –6oC. Kf of water is 1.86 K/m.

4. What % by mass of I2 is needed to reduce the f.p. of benzene to 3.5oC. The f.p. and
cryoscopic constant of pure benzene are 5.5oC and 5.12 K/m.

5. What is the osmotic pressure of a solution made by mixing 100 ml of 0.1 M acetone
and 100 ml of 0.2 M fructose solution at 30oC?

6. A solution containing 2.7 gm of urea per 100 ml of the solution is isotonic with a
solution of sucrose. How many grams of sucrose are present in 500 ml of the
solution.

7. A 0.1 M solution of Na2SO4 is dissolved to the extent of 90%. What would be its
osmotic pressure at 27oC? Ans. 6.896 atm

8. Acetic acid associates in benzene to form a dimmer. 1.65 gm of acetic acid when
dissolved in 100 gm of benzene raised the boiling point by 0.36oC. Calculate Van’t
Hoff factor and degree of association of acetic acid. (Kb for benzene = 2.57 K/m).
Ans. 0.982

9. When dissolved in benzene, a compound C38H30 dissociates by the following

equation: C38H30 2C19H15. 25.6 gm of C38H30 is dissolved in 400 gm of benzene,
the f.p. is lowered by 0.68oC. What % of C38H30 molecules have dissociated? (Kf =
4.9). Ans. 5.38%

10. The total v.p. of a solution of A and B is 600 torr. The mole fraction of A in liquid
and vapour phase are 0.7 and 0.35 respectively. What are the v.p. of pure A and pure
B? Ans. 300 & 1300 torr

11. A 0.025 M solution of a monobasic acid has a f.p. of –0.06oC. Find the value of Ka of
this acid. Kf of water = 1.86 K/m (assume molality = molarity). Ans. 2.96 x 10–3

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12. V.p. of benzene at 30oC is 164.88 mm of Hg. When in 3 moles of benzene, 6 gm of
acetic acid was added, the solution has a v.p. of 162.04 mm of Hg. Calculate (i) Van’t
Hoff factor, (ii) the degree of association of benzene at 30oC.
Ans. i = 0.533,  = 0.932

13. 1 gm monobasic acid when dissolved in 100 gm of pure water lowers the f.p. of
0.168oC. 0.2 gm of the same acid when dissolved and titrated required 15.1 ml of
N/10 base. Determine the degree of dissociation of the acid. Kp of water is 1.86 K/m.
Ans. 0.16

14. The f.p. depression of 0.1 molal NaCl solution is 0.372 K. What conclusion can you
draw about the molecular state of NaCl in water. (Kf = 1.86).

15. A weak electrolyte XY is 5% dissociated in water. What is the f.p. of a 0.01 molal aq.
Solution of XY. The cryoscopic constant of water is 1.86 K/m.

16. The v.p. of a dil. aq. Solution of glucose (C6H12O6) is 750 mm Hg at 373 K.
Calculate (i) molality, (ii) mole fraction of the solute? Ans. 0.732, 0.013

17. Addition of 0.643 g of a compound to 50 ml benzene (d = 0.879 g/ml) lowers the f.p.
from 5.51oC to 5.03oC. If Kf for benzene is 5.12 K gm mol–1, calculate molar mass of
compound. Ans. 156.06 gm mol–1

18. Chloroacetic acid, a monoprotic acid, has a Ka of 1.36 x 10–3. Calculate boiling point
of 0.01 M aqueous solution. Kb = 0.51 mol–1 kg K, b.p. (H2O) = 100oC. Assume
0.01 molar = 0.01 molal.

19. Sea water is found to contain 5.85% NaCl and 9.50% MgCl2 by weight of solution.
Calculate its normal b.p. assuming 80% ionization for NaCl and 50% ionization of
MgCl2 (Kb (H2O) = 0.51 kg mol–1 K).

20. The vapour pressure of pure liquid A at 300 K is 575 torr and that of pure liquid B is
390 torr. These compounds form ideal liquid and gaseous mixtures. Consider the
equilibrium composition of a mixture in which the mol fraction of A in the vapour is
0.350. Calculate the total pressure of the vapour and the composition of the liquid
mixture.

21. At 90oC, the vapour pressure of toluene is 400 torr and that of O-xylene is 150 torr.
What is the composition of the liquid mixture that boils at 90oC when the pressure is
0.50 atm.? What is the composition of the vapour produced?

22. A 0.001 molal solution of Pt(NH3)4Cl4 in water had a freezing point depression of
0.0054oC. What is the complex? Kf (H2O) = 1.86 kg mol–1 K. Assume 100%
ionization of the complex.

23. A certain non-volatile, non-electrolyte contains 40.0% carbon, 6.71% hydrogen and
53.3% oxygen. An aqueous solution containing 5% by mass of that solute which
boils at 100.15oC. Kb(water) = 0.512 K kg mol−1 . Calculate the molecular formula
of that solute.
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24. A complex is represented as CoCl3.xNH3. Its 0.1 m solution in aqueous solution
shows Tf = 0.558o , Kf ( H2O ) = 1.86 mol−1 K and assume 100% ionization and co-
ordination number of Co(III) is six. What is the complex?

25. The freezing point of an aqueous solution of KCN containing 0.1892 mol kg −1 of
solvent was found to be – 0.704oC. On adding 0.095 mol of Hg(CN)2, the freezing
point of the solution was found to be – 0.530oC. If the complex – formation takes
place according to the following equation.
Hg(CN)2 + nKCN K n  Hg(CN)n +2 
What is the formula of the complex? K f ( H2O ) = 1.86 kg mol−1 K.

26. The freezing point of a solution of acetic acid (mole-fraction is 0.02) in benzene 277.4
K. Acetic acid exist partly as a dimer 2A A2 . Calculate equilibrium constant for
dimerisation. Freezing point of benzene is 278.4 k and (Kf for benzene is 5).

27. An element X (atomic mass = 25) exists as X4 is benzene. 51 g of saturated solution

of X in benzene was added to 50 g of pure benzene. The resulting solution showed a
depression of freezing point of 0.55 K. If X be the solubility per 100 g of benzene.
(Kf for benzene = 5.5 K kg mol−1 ). The value of X will be

28. The freezing point of a 0.08 molal aqueous solution of NaHSO4 is . Calculate the
dissociation constant for the reaction.
HSO−4 H+ + SO−42
Assuming no hydrolysis (Kf of water = 1.86 k kg/mole)

29. Calculate the Van’t Hoff factor when 0.1 mole NH6Cl is dissolved in 1 L of water.
Degree of dissociation of NH4Cl is 0.8 and its degree of hydrolysis is 0.1.

ANSWERS
18. 100.007oC
19. 102.29oC
20. 434.4 torr, Composition: A = 24 mol %, B = 76 mol %
21. 92 mol % toluene, 96.8 mol % toluene
22. [Pt(NH3)4Cl2]Cl2
23. C6H12O6
24. [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2
25. K2[Hg(CN)4]
26. 3.39 kg mol−1
27. 3
28.  = 0.5
29. i = 1.88

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