► D”P gva¨wgK \ †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (cÖ_g cÎ) \ Aa¨vqwfwËK Av‡jvPbv I Abykxjbxg~jK cÖ‡kœi DËi

D”P gva¨wgK \ †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (cÖ_g cÎ)

2q Aa¨vq: mykvmb

mykvmb n‡jv GK ai‡bi kvmb cªwµqv hvi gva¨‡g ¶gZvi myôy PP©v 2. A_©‰bwZK: gy³evRvi A_©bxwZ I †emiKvwiKiY
nq| GB kvmb cªwµqvq RbMY ¯^vaxbfv‡e AskMªnY Ki‡Z cv‡i, 3. mvgvwRK-ms¯‹…wZK: cwðgv ms¯‹…wZi cªmvi Ges
miKv‡ii bxwZ I Kg©KvÛ m¤ú‡K© AeMZ _v‡K Ges bvix-cyiæl 4. Z_¨ I cªhyw³: wek¦Ry‡o Z_¨-cªhyw³i cªmvi|
¯^vaxbfv‡e gZvgZ cªKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i| GwU ¯^”QZv, Revew`wnZv I
AvB‡bi kvmb wbwðZ K‡i| mykvm‡bi msÁv
mykvm‡bi Bs‡iwR cªwZkã n‡jv ÔGood GovernanceÕ| GLv‡b
mykvm‡bi aviYv Governance kãwU wMªK fve© kubernaein [kubernáo] †_‡K
mvaviYZ kvmb n‡”Q wm×všÍ Mªn‡Yi I Zv ev¯Íevq‡bi GKwU cªwµqv| DrcwË jvf K‡i‡Q|
kvm‡bi aviYv †Kvb bZyb welq bq eis GUv gvbe mf¨Zvi g‡ZvB wek¦e¨vs‡Ki g‡Z, mykvmb n‡jv Ggb GK cªwµqv †hLv‡b ivR‰bwZK
cyivZb| kvmb e¨e¯’vi A_© I gvÎv m¤ú‡K© wek¦Ry‡o wewfbœ Av‡jvPbv KZ©…Z¡ I cªvwZôvwbK m¤ú` mgv‡Ri mgm¨v I Pvwn`v c~i‡Y e¨eüZ
I weZK© i‡q‡Q| nq|
mykvmb kãwU wewfbœ †¶‡Î †hgb: AvšÍR©vwZK kvmb, RvZxq kvmb, g¨vKKiwb MacCorney.-Gi g‡Z, Ômykvmb n‡jv iv‡óªi mv‡_ mykxj
¯’vbxq kvmb, †hŠ_kvmb BZ¨vw` wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡Z cv‡i| eZ©gv‡b mgv‡Ri, miKv‡ii mv‡_ kvwmZ RbM‡bi, kvm‡Ki mv‡_ mvwk‡Zi
mykvmb‡K GKwU †`‡ki Dbœq‡bi w`K wb‡`©kbv cª`vbKvix wn‡m‡e †`Lv m¤úK©Õ| Good governance is the relationship between
nq| civil society and the state, between government and
kvmb ej‡Z eySvq ¶gZv‡K wKfv‡e cª‡qvM Kiv nq, wKfv‡e RbM‡Yi tgoverned, the ruler and ruled.
`vwe-`vIqvi cªwZ mvov cª`vb Kiv nq wKsev wKfv‡e GKwU Rbmgwó wek¦e¨vs‡Ki g‡Z mykvm‡bi msÁv n‡jv, ÒGovernance is the
kvwmZ I cwiPvwjZ nq| manner in which power is exercised in the
mvaviY A‡_© mykvmb n‡jv Ggb GK cªwµqv hv GKwU †`‡ki management of a countryÕs economic and social
ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK Dbœq‡b Kvh©Ki f~wgKv
resources for development.Ó
iv‡L| GB kvmb cªwµqvq RbM‡Yi AvZ¥wbf©ikxjZv e…w× cvq|
UNDP Gi g‡Z, mykvmb n‡jv A_©‰bwZK, ivR‰bwZK Ges cªkvmwbK
miKv‡ii ¯^”QZv-Revew`wnZvi m‡½ wbwðZ nq mvgvwRK b¨vq wePvi I
KZ©…‡Z¡i wewae× PP©v hvi gva¨‡g GKwU †`‡ki Dbœqb Kvh©vewj
mvgvwRK-mvs¯‹…wZK eûZ¡ev`| mykvm‡bi g~j wfwË n‡jv g~j¨‡eva|
cwiPvjbv Kiv nq|
†h kvmb e¨e¯’vq AvB‡bi kvmb, `vwqZ¡kxjZv, Revew`wnZv, ¶gZv
wewfbœ cªKvi mykvmb we‡K›`ªxKiY Ges RbM‡Y AskMªnY MbZvwš¿K Dcv‡q mywbwðZ nq
K. ivR‰bwZK mykvmb Zv‡KB mykvmb e‡j|
L. mvgvwRK mykvmb mykvmb n‡jv cªvwZôvwbK cwi‡ek hvi gva¨‡g bvMwiK wb‡Ri mv‡_ Ges
M. A_©‰bwZK mykvmb miKvwi Kg©KZ©v ev G‡RwÝi mv‡_ GK‡Î KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i, hv‡Z
N. mvs¯‹…wZK mykvmb bvMwiK‡`i AvZ¥-gh©v`v Dcjwä‡Z mg_©b †hvMvq I Av_©mvgvwRK
Z…Zxq we‡k¦i Dbœqb I kvmb cªwµqvq mykvmb GK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| iƒcvšÍ‡i mnvqZv K‡i| ivóªxq kvmb KvVv‡gv‡K RbM‡Yi Kj¨v‡Y Kv‡R
bvMwiK AwaKvi cªwZôv, miKv‡ii Revew`wnZv, bvixi ¶gZvqb, jvMvevi Rb¨ beŸB `k‡K kvmbe¨e¯’vq GKwU bZyb aviYvi AeZviYv
`yb©xwZ `~ixKiY, A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb, wkívqb me †¶‡ÎB mykvmb Riæwi| n‡q‡Q| Avi GB aviYvwU n‡jv bvbv ai‡bi G‡RwÝ I `vZvms¯’v cª`Ë
Z…Zxq we‡k¦ mykvm‡bi mgm¨v‡K me mgm¨vi g~j KviY wnmv‡e mbv³ mykvmb m¤úwK©Z aviYv|
K‡i‡Q `vZviv| Zv‡`i g‡Z, Gme iv‡óª m¤ú‡`i ¯^íZv i‡q‡Q| Z‡e
Gi †_‡KI eo mgm¨v n‡jv m¤ú‡`i e¨e¯’vcbv I `yb©xwZ| GKwU
mykvm‡bi Dcv`vb
eûgyLx aviYv wnmv‡e multi-dimensional mykvm‡bi D™¢e nq g~jZ
1. ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv: ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv n‡”Q mykvm‡bi
1989 mv‡j| wek¦e¨vsK cª_g GB aviYv Dc¯’vcb K‡i| ÔmeyR wecøeÕ
cªavb Dcv`vb| GwU miKv‡ii ¯^”QZv I AvB‡bi kvm‡bi Dci
Avi ÔKvVv‡gv mgš^q Kg©m~wPÕi e¨_©Zvi ci wek¦e¨vsK I AvšÍR©vwZK
wbf©i K‡i| Revew`wnZvi gva¨‡gB mykvmb cªwZôv cvq| ïay
A_© Znwej IMF. Dbœq‡bi kZ© wnmv‡e G aviYvi AeZviYv K‡i| miKvwi cªwZôvb¸‡jv‡ZB bq eis †emiKvwi cªwZôvb I mykxj
mgv‡Ri Revew`wnZvI Avek¨K| `yb©xwZ Kgv‡Z I ivR‰bwZK
mykvm‡bi cªavb †¶Îmg~n nj Dbœq‡b Revew`wnZv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K,
1. ivR‰bwZK: MYZš¿ I miKv‡ii ¯^”QZv-Revew`wnZv wbwðZKiY AvBb I bxwZ gvb¨ K‡i hLb †Kvb wm×všÍ MªnY I Zvi ev¯Íevqb
1
 ► D”P gva¨wgK \ †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (cÖ_g cÎ) \ Aa¨vqwfwËK Av‡jvPbv I Abykxjbxg~jK cÖ‡kœi DËi

Kiv nq ZLb Zv‡K ¯^”QZv e‡j| wm×všÍ ev cwiKíbv cªYq‡b bv hZ¶Y bv ch©šÍ cªkvmb wbi‡c¶fv‡e f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
¯^”QZv wbwðZ n‡j mn‡RB mwVK Z_¨ cvIqv hvq| ¯^PQZv wbi‡c¶Zv Avm‡Z n‡j †gavi wfwˇZ miKvwi PvKywi w`‡n n‡e|
cªwZôv †c‡j miKvwi A_© e¨‡q `yb©xwZ A‡bKvs‡k K‡g hvq| Ab¨w`‡K, `vwqZ¡kxjZv bv _vK‡j KL‡bvB †Kvb KvR my›`ifv‡e
2. AskMªnY: cwiKíbv cªYqb I ev¯Íevq‡b cª‡Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki m¤úbœ Kiv hvq bv| miKvwi, †emiKvwi Ges e¨w³MZ cª‡Z¨KwU
AskMªnY mykvm‡bi Ab¨Zg GKwU Dcv`vb| mykvm‡bi g~j wfwË Kv‡Ri †¶‡Î `vwqZ¡kxj n‡Z n‡e| GKgvÎ `vwqZ¡kxjZvB cv‡i
bvix Ges cyiæl Dfq‡iB AskMªnY| wek¦e¨vsK g‡b K‡i, mK‡ji mwVKmg‡q KvR m¤úbœ Ki‡Z|
AskMª‡Yi gva¨‡gB Kvh©Kix Dbœqb m¤¢e| AskMªn‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ 5. Rbcªkvm‡bi DrKl©Zv I we‡K›`ªxKiY: mykvmb Avbq‡bi Rb¨
n‡”Q RbMY‡K AwaK ¶gZvkxj Kiv| ivR‰bwZK AskMªn‡Yi Rbcªkvm‡bi DrKl© mvab Ki‡Z n‡e| GB DrKl© mvab Kivi
†¶‡Î me‡P‡q Zvrch©c~Y© n‡”Q †fvU`vb| Rb¨ Rbcªkvmb‡K AvgjvZvwš¿K RwUjZv I MZvbyMwZK aviv
3. AvB‡bi kvmb: mykvm‡bi Av‡iKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb n‡”Q †_‡K †ei n‡Z n‡e| Rbcªkvm‡bi DrKl©Zv mvab ej‡Z †evSvq
AvB‡bi kvmb| GwU GKwU iv‡óªi me‡P‡q cª‡qvRbxq I ˆea Rbcªkvm‡b `¶Zv Avbqb, cªhyw³ e¨enviKiY I Kvh©Ki †KŠkj
DcKiY| gvbevwaKvi wbwðZKi‡Y me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv MªnY Kiv| mykvm‡bi Av‡iKwU Dcv`vb n‡”Q we‡K›`ªxKiY|
cvjb K‡i AvB‡bi kvmb| cªkvm‡bi cª‡Z¨KwU †¶‡Î AvB‡bi ¶gZvi we‡K›`ªxKi‡Yi gva¨‡gB mKj wefvM myôyfv‡e `vwqZ¡
kvmb _vKv `iKvi| AvB‡bi gva¨‡gB †¯^”QvPvix ¶gZv I cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i| GwU cªkvm‡bi KZ©…Ze¡ v`x cªeYZv Kwg‡q †`q
AvwacZ¨ †iva Kiv hvq| AvBb n‡Z n‡e Aek¨B wbi‡c¶| Ges cªkvmb‡K RbM‡Yi †`vW় †MvW়vq †cŠu‡Q †`q| ZvB GKwU
iv‡óªi msweavb n‡”Q GKwU iv‡óªi AvB‡bi cªavbZg Drm| iv‡óªi mykvmb cªwZôvq miKv‡ii cªwZwU wefv‡M we‡K›`ªxKiY
4. wbi‡c¶Zv I `vwqZ¡kxjZv: c¶cvZnxb Ae¯’v ev wbi‡c¶ZvB Acwinvh©|
cv‡i mykvmb wbwðZ Ki‡Z| mykvmb ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ cªwZôv cv‡e

cixÿv cÖ¯‘wZi Rb¨ Abykxjbxg~jK m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I DËi

1. cª‡dmi †Mvjvg ieŸvbx m¤cÖwZ 'K' ivóª mdi K‡ib| wZwb M. 'K' iv‡óªi ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’vq mykvm‡bi Ici ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Kiv
†`L‡Z cvb, †mLvbKvi ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’vq RbM‡Yi gZvgZ nq| †h kvmb cªwµqvq RbM‡Yi AskMªn‡Yi my‡hvM cªkvm‡bi
LyeB cªvavb¨ cvq| ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi mv‡_ iv‡óªi hveZxq Revew`wnZv, ˆeaZv, ¯^”QZv _v‡K Ges evK-¯^vaxbZvmn me
Kg©KvÐ cwiPvwjZ nIqvq miKv‡ii RbwcªqZv w`b w`b evo‡Q| ivR‰bwZK ¯^vaxbZv myi¶vi e¨e¯’v _v‡K †K mykvmb e‡j|
K. RbgZ Kx? mykvm‡bi Ab¨Zg ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q cªkvmwbK Kv‡Ri ¯^”QZv,
L. ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹…wZ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? miKv‡ii ˆeaZv, ivR‰bwZK w¯’wZkxjZv Ges Rbg‡Zi cªwZ
M. 'K' iv‡óªi ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’vq Kx‡mi Ici ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Kiv ¸iæZ¡| Pjgvb we‡k¦ ivR‰bwZK †¶‡Î mykvm‡bi ¸iæZ¡
nq| e¨vL¨v Ki| me©Rb¯^xK…Z| mykvmb cªwZwôZ n‡j ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’vq ¯^”QZv I
N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z e¨e¯’v A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb‡K Z¡ivwš^Z K‡i Revew`wnZv weivR K‡i, RbM‡Yi evK&-¯^vaxbZv I †gŠwjK
Zywg wK GKgZ? AwaKvi wbwðZ nq Ges miKvi I RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ m¤úK© `…p nq|
Gi d‡j ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’vq w¯’wZkxjZv weivR K‡i|
 1 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi  DÏxc‡K †`Lv hvq, cª‡dmi †Mvjvg ieŸvbx ÔKÕ ivóª mdi K‡ib|
K. msL¨vMwi‡ôi hyw³wm× I mywPwšÍZ gZvgZB RbgZ| wZwb †`L‡Z cvb †mLvbKvi ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’vq RbM‡Yi gZvgZ
L. ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹…wZ ej‡Z †Kv‡bv †`‡k we`¨gvb ivR‰bwZK cªvavb¨ cvq| ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi mv‡_ iv‡óªi hveZxq
e¨e¯’vi cªwZ RbM‡Yi g‡bvfve, g~j¨‡eva, wek¦vm, Abyf~wZ I Kvh©µg cwiPvwjZ nIqvq miKv‡ii RbwcªqZv evo‡Q| A_©vr 'K'
`…wófw½i mgwó‡K †evSvq| iv‡óªi ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’vq mykvm‡bi Ab¨Zg Dcv`vb RbM‡Yi
ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹…wZ K_vwUi cª_g cªe³v n‡jb Av‡gwiKvb AskMªnY, ¯^”QZv, Revew`wnZv I ivR‰bwZK w¯’wZkxjZv
ivóªweÁvbx c¨vweª‡qj A¨vjgÛ (Gabriel Almond)| Zvui cwijw¶Z nq| ZvB ejv hvq, ÔKÕ iv‡óªi ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’vq
g‡Z, ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹…wZ g~jZ †Kv‡bv ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’v Ges Gi mykvm‡bi Ici ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q|
wewfbœ As‡k e¨w³i wbR f~wgKv m¤ú‡K© ivR‰bwZK g‡bvfve I N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z e¨e¯’v A_©vr, mykvmb A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb‡K
`…wófw½i mywbw`©ó cªwZK…wZ ev w`Kwb‡`©kbv| ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹…wZ Z¡ivwš^Z K‡i K_vwUi mv‡_ Avwg GKgZ|
†Kv‡bv †`‡k ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’vi `c©Y¯^iƒc GKwU iv‡óªi Av_©- mykvmb n‡”Q miKv‡ii ¯^”QZv, Revew`wnZv Ges RbM‡Yi
mvgvwRK, ivR‰bwZK, ag©xq wek¦vm I g~j¨‡evamn wewfbœ wel‡qi AskMªn‡Yi wfwˇZ kvmbKvh© cwiPvjbv| iv‡óªi me©¯Í‡i mykvmb
wfwˇZ †mLvbKvi ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹…wZ M‡o I‡V|
2
 ► D”P gva¨wgK \ †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (cÖ_g cÎ) \ Aa¨vqwfwËK Av‡jvPbv I Abykxjbxg~jK cÖ‡kœi DËi

cªwZôvi gva¨‡g ¶yav I `vwi`ª¨gy³ mgvR cªwZôv Ges Av_©- †mev`v‡bi †¶‡Î miKv‡ii ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv _vKv Ges
mvgvwR †¶‡Î mvg¨ mywbwðZ Kiv m¤¢e| AvB‡bi kvmb I b¨vqwePvi cªwZôv KivB n‡jv mykvmb| Avi
mykvm‡bi Avw_©K bxwZ n‡jv ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi wfwˇZ miKvwi Kv‡R Awbqg, `yb©xwZ Ges Ae‡njv mykvmb cªwZôvq evav
ivóªxq A_© RbKj¨v‡Y e¨q n‡e| mykvmb iv‡óªi Avw_©K LvZmn m…wó K‡i| DÏxc‡K ejv n‡q‡Q, wg. Y GKRb miKvwi Kg©KZ©v|
me Dbœqbg~jK Kvh©µ‡g ¯^”QZv wbwðZ K‡i| wek¦e¨vs‡Ki g‡Z wZwb `vwqZ¡ cvjbKv‡j Ae‡njv, Awbqg, A‰ea Dcv‡q A_©
'mykvmb A_© I gvbem¤ú` e¨env‡ii Rb¨ `¶ Ges Dchy³ DcvR©bmn eû AcK‡g© Rwo‡q c‡ob| wg. Y Gi G ai‡bi
e¨e¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g †`‡ki ev‡RU I wnmveiÿ‡Y ¯^”QZv wbwðZ Kvh©Kjvc mykvmb cªwZôvi AšÍivq| †Kbbv Zvi Kg©Kv‡Ð `yb©xwZ
K‡i Ges miKvwi cªwZôvbmg~‡n `¶ e¨e¯’vcbv cªwZôv K‡i| I Awbq‡gi cªwZdjb N‡U‡Q| Avi mykvmb cªwZôvi †¶‡Î
mykvmb cªwZwôZ n‡j RbM‡Yi m¤ú‡`i m‡e©vËg e¨envi wbwðZ me‡P‡q eo evav n‡jv `yb©xwZ e¨w³MZ ¯^v_© nvwm‡ji D‡Ï‡k¨
nq| mykvmb cªwZwôZ bv n‡j ivR‰bwZK w¯’wZkxjZv webó nq| Awc©Z ¶gZvi Ace¨enviB `yb©xwZ| wb‡Ri ev wb‡Ri †Mvôxi
ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jvi mwnsm AvPiY Ges R¡vjvI-‡cvovI bxwZ ¯^v‡_© cªfve LvwU‡q A‰ea my‡hvM †bIqv, RbM‡Yi AwaKvi‡fv‡M
Aej¤^‡bi d‡j A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb evavMª¯Í nq| we‡`wk weN&b m…wó Kiv, Dr‡KvP MªnY `vwq‡Z¡ Ae‡njv Kiv cªf…wZ `yb©xwZi
D‡`¨v³viv wkí-KviLvbv ¯’vc‡b ev cyuwR wewb‡qv‡M AvMªn nvwi‡q AšÍfy³© | `yb©xwZ cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK I RvZxq Dbœq‡bi
†d‡j| d‡j A_©bxwZ‡Z e¨vcK ¶wZ mvwaZ nq| wKš‘ mykvmb AšÍivq| `yb©xwZi Kvi‡Y miKvwi cªwZôvb¸‡jv h_vh_fv‡e KvR
cªwZwôZ n‡j | we‡`wk D‡`¨v³viv wewb‡qvM K‡i, RvZxq Ki‡Z cv‡i bv ev bvMwiK‡`i wewfbœ AwaKvi I †mev wbwðZ Kiv
Drcv`b e…w× cvq, `yb©xwZ nªvm cvq Ges ivóª A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi hvq bv| G Kvi‡YB mykvmb evavMª¯Í nq| ZvB ejv hvq, wg. Y
c‡_ AMªmi nq| cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, mykvmb cªwZwôZ n‡j ivóªxq Gi Kg©KvÛ mykvmb cªwZôvi AšÍivq|
m¤ú‡`i m‡e©vËg e¨envi wbwðZ nq| A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb Z¡ivwš^Z N. DÏxc‡Ki wg. X Gi Kg©ZrciZvq mykvmb cªwZwôZ n‡e| Avi
nq| iv‡óªi Dbœq‡b mykvmb cªwZôvi f~wgKv AZ¨šÍ Zvrch©c~Y©|
mykvmb Kj¨vYg~jK ivóª MV‡bi †¶‡Î Acwinvh© kZ© wn‡m‡e
2. wg. X Ges Y `yBRb miKvwi Kg©KZ©v| wg. X cªkvmwbK we‡ewPZ| iv‡óªi ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK I
Kg©Kv‡Ð `¶Zvi mv‡_ Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cªhyw³ e¨envi K‡ib, AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ mykvm‡bi ¸iæZ¡ Ab¯^xKvh©|
`yb©xwZ‡K N…Yv K‡ib, Zvi Awd‡mi †mev MªnYKvix‡`i ¯^”Qfv‡e mykvm‡bi d‡j miKv‡ii Revew`wnZv | ¯^”QZv e…w× cvq| iv‡óªi
`ªæZ †mev w`‡q _v‡Kb| wKš‘ wg. Y `vwqZ¡ cvjbKv‡j Ae‡njv, bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨ †kvlYgy³ mgvR cªwZôv, bvMwiK‡`i g‡a¨
Awbqg, A‰ea Dcv‡q A_© DcvR©bmn A‡bK AcK‡g© Rwo‡q m¤ú‡`i mylg eÈb I my‡hvM-myweav wbwðZ Kiv, AvB‡bi kvmb
c‡ob| cªwZôv, b¨vqwfwËK, `yb©xwZgy³ mgvR I ivóª cªwZôvi Rb¨ mykvmb
K. 'mykvmb' cªZ¨qwU cª_g †Kvb cªwZôvb e¨envi K‡i? wbwðZ Kiv cª‡qvRb| mykvmb cªwZwôZ n‡jB mvaviY RbM‡Yi
L. ivR‰bwZK Revew`wnZv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœqb Ges Zv‡`i AwaKvi cªwZwôZ n‡e| iv‡óªi
M. wg. Y Gi Kg©KvÐ †Kvb ai‡bi kvmb cªwZôvi AšÍivq? me‡¶‡Î mykvmb cªwZwôZ n‡j miKvwi m¤ú‡`i m‡e©vËg e¨envi
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| n‡e Ges `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb n‡e| mykvmb †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi
N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K wg. X Gi Kg©ZrciZvq Kx cªwZôv m¤cÖmvi‡YI f~wgKv iv‡L|
cv‡e? ivóªxq Dbœq‡b Gi f~wgKv g~j¨vqb K‡iv| DÏxc‡Ki wg. X GKRb miKvwi Kg©KZ©v| wZwb cªkvmwbK Kv‡R
`¶Zvi mv‡_ Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvMcªhyw³ e¨envi K‡ib| A_©vr wZwb
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K. mykvmb cªZ¨qwU cª_g wek¦e¨vsK e¨envi K‡i| K‡ib Ges Zvi Awd‡mi †mev MªnYKvix‡`i ¯^”Qfv‡e `ªæZ †mev
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K_v I Kv‡Ri `vqe×Zv‡K †evSv‡bv nq| mykvm‡bi Ab¨Zg kZ© †Kv‡bv iv‡óªi Dbœq‡b mykvmb cªwZôv Kiv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|
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Revew`wn Ki‡Z eva¨ _v‡Kb| Gi d‡j ivR‰bwZK Kg©KvÐ Ges
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3
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A‡bKUvB wecixZ| DcwiD³ Av‡jvPbvi †cªw¶‡Z ejv hvq, DÏxc‡Ki †mvnv‡bi
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wek¦ e¨vsK `yb©xwZi loh‡š¿i Awf‡hv‡M cÙv †mZy cªKí †_‡K M. mykvm‡bi c‡_ evav `~ixKi‡Y DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cª_g `ywU
Zv‡`i cªZ¨vnvi K‡i wb‡jI loh‡š¿i †Kvb cªgvY w`‡Z cv‡i wb| ¯Í‡¤¢i ¸iæZ¡ eY©bv K‡iv|
GgbwK evsjv‡`k `yb©xwZ `gb Kwgkb Ges KvbvWvi Av`vjZI N. ÒDÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Z…Zxq I PZy_© ¯Í¤¢ mykvm‡bi cvkvcvwk
`yb©xwZi †Kv‡bv cªgvY cvq wb| A_P †Kv‡bv GK A`…k¨ Kvi‡Y, MYZš¿‡K mywbwðZ K‡i Zywg wK Gi mv‡_ GKgZ?
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 ► D”P gva¨wgK \ †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (cÖ_g cÎ) \ Aa¨vqwfwËK Av‡jvPbv I Abykxjbxg~jK cÖ‡kœi DËi

K. g‡Zi c‡¶ hyw³ `vI| miKv‡ii Kg©Kv‡Ð ¯^”QZv, Revew`wnZv I mykvmb cªwZôvi †¶‡Î AvBwb KvVv‡gv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| ivóªxq
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mykvmb (Good Governance) e‡j| †`‡k mykvmb wbwðZ n‡e| cvkvcvwk MYZ‡š¿i Ab¨Zg kZ© n‡jv
L. ¯^RbcªxwZi mvaviY A_© n‡jv AvZ¥xq ev NwbôR‡bi cªwZ AvB‡bi kvmb|
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`yb©xwZ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq| †fvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e| bvix-cyiæl, abx-`wi`ª, RvwZ, ag©, eY©
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Nwbô‡`i my‡hvM-myweav w`‡j Zv‡K ¯^RbcªxwZ (Nepotism) ejv RbM‡Yi AskMªnY AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| kvmbKv‡R RbM‡Yi
nq| †hgb miKvwi-†emiKvwi PvKwi‡Z wb‡qvM, e`wj, c‡`vbœwZ AskMªnY bv _vK‡j †mLv‡b Awbqg I `yb©xwZi m¤¢vebv _v‡K Ges
BZ¨vw` †¶‡Î mvaviYZ D”Pc‡`i KZ©viv A‡bK mgq ¯^RbcªxwZi Rb¯^v_© D‡cw¶Z nq| d‡j RbMY Zv‡`i b¨vh¨ AwaKvi I
Avkªq MªnY K‡ib| d‡j cªkvmbmn wewfbœ †¶‡Î A`¶ I my‡hvM-myweav †_‡K ewÂZ nq| RbM‡Yi AskMªn‡Yi gva¨‡g
A‡hvM¨ †jvK wbhyw³ cvq| Ab¨w`‡K †hvM¨, `¶ I †gavix kvmbKvR cwiPvwjZ n‡j †h‡Kv‡bv bxwZ I wm×všÍ Mªn‡Yi †¶‡Î
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M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wek¦e¨vs‡Ki wPwýZ mykvm‡bi PviwU cªavb RbKj¨vYwe‡ivax ev Rb¯^v_© cwicwš’ †Kv‡bv wm×všÍ mn‡R wb‡Z
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c‡_ evav `~ixKi‡Y ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| Ic‡ii Av‡jvPbvi cwi‡cªw¶‡Z ejv hvq, AvBwb KvVv‡gv I
mykvmb n‡jv GKwU AskMªnYg~jK cªwµqv, †hLv‡b mgv‡Ri mevi †`‡ki kvmbKv‡R RbM‡Yi AskMªnY mykvmb cªwZôvi cvkvcvwk
AwaKvi †fv‡Mi my‡hvM _v‡K| mykvmb cªwZwôZ n‡j miKvwi me MYZš¿‡KI mywbwðZ K‡i|
Kvh©µ‡g RbM‡Yi Avkv-AvKvO&¶vi cªwZdjb N‡U| Z‡e mykvmb
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Av‡M †_‡K Zv wba©vwiZ _vK‡j kvmbKvh© cwiPvjbvq †Kv‡bv we`¨gvb|
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m‡PZb n‡j Ges miKv‡ii bxwZ I wm×všÍ ev¯Íevq‡b h_vh_fv‡e M. DÏxc ewY©Z 'K' iv‡óª †Kvb ai‡bi kvm‡bi Afve i‡q‡Q?
KvR Ki‡j †`‡k mykvmb cªwZwôZ n‡e| miKvwi Kg©Kv‡Ði e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
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Kg©Kv‡Ði ¯^”QZv wbwðZ Ki‡Z cvi‡j †`‡k mykvmb cªwZôvi c_ K. miKv‡ii Kg©Kv‡Ði ¯^”QZv, Revew`wnZv Ges RbM‡Yi
myMg n‡e| ZvB ejv hvq, DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cª_g `ywU ¯Í¤¢ AskMªn‡Yi wfwˇZ cwiPvwjZ kvmbB mykvmb (Good
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PZy_© ¯Í¤¢ mykvm‡bi cvkvcvwk MYZš¿‡K mywbwðZ K‡i e³‡e¨i iv‡óªi Kg©Kv‡Ði g‡a¨ mvgÄm¨ _v‡K| GB e¨e¯’vq kvmK ïay
mv‡_ Avwg GKgZ| kvmbB K‡ib bv, eis kvmbe¨e¯’v‡K myk…•Lj I wbqgZvwš¿K
wek¦e¨vs‡Ki g‡Z mykvmb welqwU `vwqZ¡kxjZv, ¯^”QZv, AvBwb ivLvi †Póv K‡ib| iv‡óªi bvMwiK‡`i g‡a¨ m¤ú‡`i mylg eÈb
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G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Z…Zxq I PZy_© A_©vr 'AvBwb KvVv‡gv' I 'AskMªnY' gvbevwaKvi wbwðZKiY, mvgvwRK b¨vqwePvi cªwZôv, bvixi
mykvm‡bi cvkvcvwk MYZš¿‡K wbwðZ K‡i| AwaKvi cªwZôv; b¨vqwfwËK, `yb©xwZgy³ mgvR I ivóª cªwZôvi
Rb¨ mykvmb wbwðZ Kivi weKí †bB| Avi GB welq¸‡jv myôy

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 ► D”P gva¨wgK \ †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (cÖ_g cÎ) \ Aa¨vqwfwËK Av‡jvPbv I Abykxjbxg~jK cÖ‡kœi DËi

MYZvwš¿K e¨e¯’viB ˆewkó¨| ZvB †Kv‡bv iv‡óª hw` mykvmb cªwZôv cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, mykvm‡bi DcKvi‡fvMx g~jZ iv‡óªi RbMY|
Kiv hvq Zvn‡j MYZ‡š¿i AbyK~j cwi‡ekI m…wó nq| G Kvi‡YB GRb¨ mykvmb cªwZôv I Zv Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z 'K' iv‡óªi RbMY‡K
ejv nq mykvmb MYZ‡š¿i c~e©kZ©| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e|
M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z 'K' iv‡óª mykvm‡bi Afve i‡q‡Q|
†Kv‡bv iv‡óªi cªkvm‡b hw` Revew`wnZv I ¯^”QZv _v‡K Ges 6. Rbve mvw`K GKwU Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki bvMwiK| ¯^”QZv I
ivR‰bwZK ¯^vaxbZvi myi¶v, wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv I AvB‡bi Revew`wnZvi Afv‡e Zvi †`‡k AvB‡bi kvmb mywbwðZ bq|
kvmb we`¨gvb _v‡K Zvn‡j †m kvmb‡K mykvmb ejv hvq| eZ©gv‡b †`kwUi RbMY I ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jv MYZvwš¿K Dcv‡q
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†`Iqv nq| DÏxc‡Ki cªexY msev`Kg©x wg. 'M' Gi cwVZ cªe‡Ü K. AvBb Kx?
'K' bv‡gi GKwU iv‡óªi cwiw¯’wZ Zy‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| IB †`‡ki L. `vwqZ¡kxjZv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
ivRavbx‡Z wKQy AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb n‡jI †`kwU‡Z AvB‡bi M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Rbve mvw`‡Ki †`‡ki mgm¨v¸‡jv
kvm‡bi Abycw¯’wZ, ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’wZkxjZv, ¯^RbcªxwZ, h_vh_ †Zvgvi cvV¨eB‡qi Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
wk¶vi Afve BZ¨vw` mgm¨v j¶ Kiv hvq| G wPÎ †_‡K N. Rbve mvw`‡Ki †`‡k we`¨gvb mgm¨v¸‡jv mgvav‡b †Zvgvi
cªZxqgvb nq, †`kwU‡Z mykvmb †bB| †Kbbv mykvmb cªwZôvi mycvwik e¨³ K‡iv|
c~e©kZ© n‡jv miKv‡ii ¯^”QZv, `vwqZ¡kxjZv, Revew`wnZv,
`¶Zv, ivóªxq Kv‡R RbM‡Yi AskMªnY, AvB‡bi kvmb, ¯^vaxb  6 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
wePvi wefvM, mwµq mykxj mgvR, cªPvi gva¨‡gi ¯^vaxbZv K. AvBb n‡jv mgvR¯^xK…Z Ges ivóª KZ©…K Aby‡gvw`Z wbqg Kvbyb,
BZ¨vw`| wKš‘ 'K' iv‡óªi †¶‡Î mykvm‡bi DwjøwLZ †Kv‡bv hv gvby‡li evwn¨K AvPiY wbqš¿Y K‡i|
ˆewkó¨B we`¨gvb †bB| †mLv‡b wbQK AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœq‡bi L. Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ mwVKfv‡e Ges h_vmg‡q cvjb KivB
Ici †Rvi †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| RbM‡Yi `…wó Ab¨Î mwi‡q ivL‡Z `vwqZ¡kxjZv|
A‡bK mgq A‡hvM¨ AMYZvwš¿K kvmKiv GiKg K‡i _v‡Kb| GKwU iv‡óªi miKvwi I †emiKvwi Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvixe…›`‡K Zv‡`i
d‡j GK_v ¯úófv‡e ejv hvq, 'K' bv‡gi iv‡óª mykvm‡bi Afve wba©vwiZ K‡g©i Rb¨ EaŸ©Zb KZ©…c‡¶i Kv‡Q Revew`wn Ki‡Z
i‡q‡Q| nq| `vwqZ¡kxj e¨w³ivB †Kej Zv‡`i KvR mgqg‡Zv myPviæiƒ‡c
N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z 'K' ivóªwUi Ae¯’v we‡kølY K‡i mn‡RB ejv hvq, m¤úv`b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| RvZxq †bZvmn wewfbœ †¶‡Îi kxl©
†mLv‡b mykvmb Abycw¯’Z| Aciw`‡K ÔLÕ ivóªwU‡Z AvB‡bi kvmb e¨w³Z¡‡`i Kv‡QB †ewk `vwqZ¡kxjZv Avkv Kiv nq| we‡kl K‡i
we`¨gvb| Avi †hLv‡b AvB‡bi kvmb we`¨gvb †mLv‡b mykvmb GKRb †bZv‡K †`k I RvwZi ¯^v‡_© m‡e©v”P `vwqZ¡kxjZvi
_vKviB K_v| AZGe wbtm‡›`‡n ejv hvq, `ywU iv‡óªi cwiPq w`‡Z nq| †Kbbv Zvi mwVK †bZ…Z¡ I `vwqZ¡kxjZvi Ici
kvmbe¨e¯’vq †ek cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| †`k I RbM‡Yi g½j wbf©i K‡i|
DÏxc‡K †`Lv hvq, 'L' bv‡gi iv‡óª AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœq‡bi M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Rbve mvw`‡Ki †`‡ki mgm¨v¸‡jv n‡jv
cvkvcvwk AvB‡bi kvmb i‡q‡Q| †hLv‡b AvB‡bi kvmb we`¨gvb ¯^”QZv, Revew`wnZv I AvB‡bi kvm‡bi Afve|
†mLv‡b mykvm‡bi Ab¨vb¨ ˆewkó¨I Kg‡ewk mgvbfv‡e KvR †Kv‡bv iv‡óªi cªkvmwbK e¨e¯’vq ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv bv _vK‡j
Ki‡e| mykvm‡bi Ab¨ ˆewk󨸇jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q cªwZwbwaZ¡kxj †Kv‡bvfv‡eB mykvmb wbwðZ Kiv m¤¢e bq| hw` miKv‡ii kvmb
kvmb e¨e¯’v, `vqe× kvmb wefvM, AvBb wefv‡Mi Kvh©Ki wefvM Zv‡`i Kv‡Ri Rb¨ AvBb wefv‡Mi wbKU Revew`wn bv
f~wgKv, ¯^vaxb wePvi wefvM, `¶ AvgjvZš¿, MYgva¨‡gi K‡i Zvn‡j mykvmb wewN&bZ nq| Avi mykvmb ZLbB cªwZwôZ
¯^vaxbZv, †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii mvsweavwbK ¯^xK…wZ, Kvh©Ki nq hLb | iv‡óª A_ev cªkvm‡b AvB‡bi kvmb we`¨gvb _v‡K|
MYZvwš¿K `je¨e¯’v, mwµq mykxj mgvR cªf…wZ| †Kbbv AvB‡bi kvm‡bi g~jK_vB n‡jv AvB‡bi `…wó‡Z mK‡jB
ÔLÕ ivóªwU‡Z mykvmb we`¨gvb Ges 'K' ivóªwUi Ae¯’v Zvi mgvb, mK‡jiB AvB‡bi Avkªq jv‡fi mgvb my‡hvM i‡q‡Q|
cy‡ivcywi wecixZ| ÔKÕ iv‡óª mykvmb cªwZôv Ki‡Z n‡j AvB‡bi G‡¶‡Î AvBb n‡Z n‡e | mywbw`©ó, ¯úó I mnR‡eva¨| GQvovI
kvmb, ivR‰bwZK w¯’wZkxjZv, wePvi wefvM I MYgva¨‡gi AvB‡bi kvm‡bi Rb¨ cª‡qvRb miKv‡ii b¨vqcivqY AvPiY,
¯^vaxbZv, cªkvmbmn me©¯‡Í i ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv BZ¨vw` iv‡óªi wbcxobgy³ ¯^vaxb cwi‡ek Ges wbi‡c¶ I ¯^vaxb wePvi
wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| MYZš¿ I mykvmb weKwkZ bv nIqv †Kv‡bv wefvM| Avevi Revew`wnZvi Afve _vK‡j kvmb Kv‡R wek…•Ljv
†`‡ki Rb¨ ivZvivwZ G¸‡jv Kiv m¤¢e bq| wKš‘ †`kwUi m…wó nq Ges `yb©xwZ †e‡o hvq| myZivs, ivóª I RbM‡Yi Kj¨v‡Y
ivRbxwZK I bvMwiK mgvR‡K G j‡¶¨ wbišÍi cª‡Póv Pvwj‡q miKvi‡K Kvh©Ki c`‡¶c MªnY Ges Zv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e|
†h‡Z n‡e| Zvn‡j 'K' ivóªwU‡ZI GKw`b 'L' iv‡óªi g‡Zv mykvmb GKB mv‡_ ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ h_vh_
cªwZwôZ n‡e| c`‡¶c MªnYI Riæwi| †e‡o
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Rbve mvw`‡Ki †`‡k we`¨gvb mgm¨v¸‡jv
mgvav‡b mycvwik wb‡gœ Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡jv-
6
 ► D”P gva¨wgK \ †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (cÖ_g cÎ) \ Aa¨vqwfwËK Av‡jvPbv I Abykxjbxg~jK cÖ‡kœi DËi

1. Revew`wnZv ev `vqe×Zvi bxwZ cªwZôv: ivóª cwiPvjK ev L. †cŠibxwZ I mykvm‡bi mv‡_ ivóªweÁvb wel‡qi Mfxi m¤úK©
miKvi cªavb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i cªkvm‡bi mKj ¯Í‡i we`¨gvb|
Revew`wnZv ev bvqeÜZvi bxwZ cªwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡bv †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb n‡jv bvMwiKZv welqK weÁvb| Avi
j¶¨ AR©‡b Kvi Kx `vwqZ¡, †Kvb mg‡qi g‡a¨ Zv m¤úbœ ivóªweÁvb n‡jv ivóª‡Kw›`ªK weÁvb| †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb
Ki‡Z n‡e, Kvi wbKU Revew`wn Ki‡Z n‡e, Zvi my¯úó bvMwiKZv welqK weÁvb n‡jI Zv iv‡óªi wewfbœ welq ivR‰bwZK
wb‡`©kbv w`‡Z n‡e| msMVb, miKv‡ii wewfbœ wefv‡Mi MVb, ¶gZv I Kvh©vewj,
2. `yb©xwZ I ivRbxwZ gy³ Revew`wng~jK cªkvmb cªwZôv: AvšÍR©vwZK m¤úK©. cªf…wZ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i| Avevi ivóªweÁvb
†UKmB RvZxq Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ miKvi ev ivóª cwiPvjK ivóª‡Kw›`ªK weÁvb n‡jI bvMwiKZvi wewfbœ welq bvMwiK
†_‡K ïiæ K‡i me©¯‡Í ii kvmb KZ©…c‡¶i g‡a¨ cªkvmwbK AwaKvi, KZ©e¨ Ges bvMwiK Rxe‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ wewfbœ
Revew`wnZv ev `vqe×Zvi bxwZ ev¯Íevqb Acwinvh©| mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK cªwZôv‡bi MVb I Kvh©vewj. wb‡q
†Kbbv miKvwi bxwZwba©viY I bxwZ ev¯Íevq‡b hw` Av‡jvPbv K‡i _v‡K| myZivs ejv hvq, Df‡qi m¤úK© wbweo I
cªkvmwbK Revew`wnZv bv _v‡K Zvn‡j †h‡Kv‡bv wm×všÍ Nwbô|
c¶cvZ`yó nq; hv mykvm‡bi AšÍivq| ZvB `yb©xwZ †iva DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ dviæ‡Ki f~wgKv `yb©xwZi cwiPq enb K‡i|
K‡i cªkvmwbK ¯^”QZv m…wói cvkvcvwk G‡K ivRbxwZgy³ ivR‰bwZK, cªkvmwbK, mvgvwRK ¶gZv I cªwZcwË LvwU‡q A‰ea
KivI GKvšÍ cª‡qvRb| my‡hvM †bIqv, Kv‡iv m¤úwË `Lj Kiv, RbM‡Yi AwaKvi †fv‡M
3. AvB‡bi kvmb cªwZôv: mykvmb ZLbB cªwZwôZ nq hLb weN&b m…wó Kiv, Gme KvR `yb©xwZi AšÍfy³ © | `yb©xwZ RbM‡Yi
†`‡k AvB‡bi kvmb we`¨gvb _v‡K| AvB‡bi kvm‡bi `y‡f©vM e…w× K‡i| GQvov mykvmb cªwZôvi Ab¨Zg evav n‡jv
g~jK_vB n‡jv| AvB‡bi `…wó‡Z mK‡jB mgvb, mK‡jiB `yb©xwZ| †Kbbv `yb©xwZ b¨vh¨Zv, gvbevwaKvi, ¯^”QZv BZ¨vw`i
AvB‡bi Avkªq jv‡fi mgvb my‡hvM i‡q‡Q; G‡¶‡Î cwicš’x|
nvivwbg~jK †Kv‡bv c`‡¶c †bIqv hv‡e bv| AvBb n‡Z DÏxc‡K †`Lv hv‡”Q, wg. Avãyi iwng cvm‡cvU© wb‡Z H Awd‡mi
n‡e mywbw`©ó, ¯úó I mnR‡eva¨| GQvovI AvB‡bi kvm‡bi Kg©Pvix dviæ‡Ki Kv‡Q A‡bK NyivNywi Ki‡jI Zv cvbwb| ZvQvov
Rb¨ cª‡qvRb miKv‡ii b¨vqcivqY AvPiY, iv‡óªi dviæK‡K cª‡`q UvKvI †diZ cvbwb| dviæK e¨w³¯^v‡_©B Zvi
wbcxobgy³ ¯^vaxb cwi‡ek Ges wbi‡c¶ I ¯^vaxb wePvi Ici Awc©Z ¶gZvi Ace¨env‡ii gva¨‡g wg. Avãyi iwn‡gi
wefvM| KvR Ki‡Z Mwogwm K‡i‡Q, hv `yb©xwZi ch©vqfy³| KviY
DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Rbve mvw`‡Ki †`‡k AvB‡bi kvm‡bi Abycw¯’wZ e¨w³¯^v_© nvwm‡ji D‡Ï‡k¨ Awc©Z ¶gZvi Ace¨enviB `yb©xwZ|
j¶ Kiv hvq| Dc‡i DwjøwLZ c`‡¶c¸‡jv Mªn‡Yi gva¨‡g Zvi `yb©xwZ wbqš¿Y bv Kiv †M‡j mykvmb cªwZôv Kiv hvq bv| myZivs
†`‡k we`¨gvb mgm¨v¸‡jvi mgvavb m¤¢e n‡e| ejv hvq, dviæ‡Ki f~wgKvq mykvm‡bi Ab¨Zg eo mgm¨v `yb©xwZi
wPÎ dy‡U D‡V‡Q|
7. wg. Avãyi iwng we‡`k hvIqvi j‡¶¨ cvm‡cvU© Kivi Rb¨ N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ c×wZwU Z_v B-Mf‡b©‡·i f~wgKv mykvmb
cvm‡cvU© Awd‡mi Kg©Pvix dviæ‡Ki kiYvcbœ nb| Zvi Kv‡Q cªwZôvq Acwinvh©|
A‡bK †NvivNywi K‡iI cvm‡cvU© cvb wb| cª‡`q UvKvI †diZ AvB‡bi kvmb, RvwZ, ag©, eY©, wj½ wbwe©‡k‡l mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb
cvb wb| c‡i cªwZ‡ekx GKRb ¯‹yj wk¶‡Ki civg‡k© wZwb AwaKvi, RbM‡Yi †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii ¯^xK…wZ I myi¶v, ¯^vaxb
BDwbqb Z_¨ †mev †K‡›`ª hvb Ges AbjvB‡b cvm‡cv‡U©i Rb¨ wePvi wefvM, `¶ cªkvmbe¨e¯’v, RbM‡Yi AskMªnY, Z‡_¨i
Av‡e`b K‡ib| †Kv‡bv iKg †fvMvwšÍ QvovB wZwb ¯^ímg‡q Aeva cªevn, Revew`wnZv cªf…wZi mgš^‡q mykvmb M‡o I‡V|
cvm‡cvU© †c‡q hvb| Avi mykvmb cªwZôvi Ab¨Zg cªavb nvwZqvi n‡jv B-Mf‡b©½|
K. g~j¨‡eva Kx? DÏxc‡K ewY©Z wg. Avãyi iwng cvm‡cvU© Awd‡mi Kg©Pvix
L. †cŠibxwZ I mykvm‡bi mv‡_ †Kvb wel‡qi Mfxi m¤úK© dviæ‡Ki Kv‡Q A‡bK NyivNywi K‡iI cvm‡cvU© †c‡Z e¨_© nb|
we`¨gvb? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| c‡i cªwZ‡ekx ¯‹yj wk¶‡Ki civg‡k© BDwbqb Z_¨ †mev †K‡›`ª
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ dviæ‡Ki f~wgKv Kx‡mi cwiPq enb wM‡q AbjvB‡b cvm‡cv‡U©i Rb¨ Av‡e`b K‡ib Ges †Kv‡bviKg
K‡i? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| †fvMvwšÍ QvovB ¯^ímg‡q cvm‡cvU© †c‡q hvb| GwU B-Mf‡b©‡Ýi
N. mykvmb cªwZôvq DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ c×wZi f~wgKv Acwinvh© Kvi‡YB m¤¢e n‡q‡Q| B-Mf‡b©Ý cªwZwôZ n‡j miKvwi Kv‡Ri
wKbv g~j¨vqb K‡iv| MwZ e…w× cvq| d‡j RbMY †fvMvwšÍi wkKvi nq bv, hv mykvmb
cªwZôvq f~wgKv iv‡L|
 7 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi  B-Mf‡b©Ý Pvjy n‡j mKj miKvwi cªwZôv‡bi cvkvcvwk
K. †h wPšÍvfvebv I msKí gvby‡li mvgwMªK AvPvi-e¨envi †emiKvwi cªwZôvbmg~nI Z_¨ I cªhyw³ wbf©i n‡e| d‡j
Kg©KvЇK wbqwš¿Z I cwiPvwjZ K‡i ZvB g~j¨‡eva| cªkvmwbK `yb©xwZ nªvm cv‡e, KvRK‡g©i MwZ evo‡e, `¶Zv I
¯^”QZv wbwðZ n‡e| GK K_vq mykvmb cªwZôvi c_ myMg n‡e|
7
 ► D”P gva¨wgK \ †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (cÖ_g cÎ) \ Aa¨vqwfwËK Av‡jvPbv I Abykxjbxg~jK cÖ‡kœi DËi

ZvB ejv hvq, mykvmb cªwZôvq B-Mf‡b©Ý c×wZi f~wgKv †`‡k GwUI we`¨gvb| Gi Kvi‡Y Zvi †`‡ki RbMY mn‡R
Acwinvh©| wkw¶Z n‡Z cv‡i bv| d‡j Zviv bvMwiK AwaKvi I KZ©e¨
m¤ú‡K© †Zgb mRvM bq| Avevi †`‡ki †fZ‡i emevmiZ wewfbœ
8. Avãyj nvwjg AvwdªKvi mvgwiK evwnbx kvwmZ GKwU AbybœZ a‡g©i, e‡Y©i, †Mv‡Îi Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ m¤cÖxwZ bv _vK‡j mykvmb
†`‡ki bvMwiK| Zvi †`‡k i‡q‡Q `yb©xwZ, ivR‰bwZK cªwZwôZ nq bv| Gi d‡j RvZxq †PZbv I †`k‡cªg Pig fv‡e
Aw¯’wZkxjZv, RvwZMZ `vjv, A_©‰bwZK ˆelg¨, `vwi`ª¨ BZ¨vw` ¶wZMª¯Í nq Ges gvbevwaKvi f~jywôZ nq| Avãyj nvwj‡gi †`‡k
bvbv mgm¨v| Z‡e eZ©gv‡b wk¶v we¯Ív‡ii d‡j bvMwiK‡`i g‡a¨ RvwZMZ `v½vI i‡q‡Q| hv mykvmb cªwZôvi †¶‡Î evav wn‡m‡e
m‡PZbZv †e‡o‡Q Ges ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jv I mykxj mgvR DË KvR Ki‡Q| ZvB ejv hvq, Avãyj nvwj‡gi †`‡k mykvm‡bi cªvq
mgm¨v¸‡jv mgvav‡b LyeB AvMªnx| me ˆewk‡ó¨iB Afve i‡q‡Q|
K. mykvmb Kx? N. Avãyj nvwjg Gi ivóªwU‡Z wKQy c`‡¶c Mªn‡Yi gva¨‡g mykvmb
L. mykvmb Kxfv‡e AvB‡bi kvmb wbwðZ K‡i? cªwZôv Kiv m¤¢e|
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ivóªwU‡Z mykvm‡bi †Kvb †Kvb ˆewk‡ó¨i mykvm‡bi evav wn‡m‡e D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡jv `yb©xwZ, ivR‰bwZK
Afve i‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| Aw¯’wZkxjZv, RvwZMZ `v½v, A_©‰bwZK ˆelg¨, `vwi`ª¨ cªf…wZ|
N. Avãyj nvwjg Gi ivóªwU‡Z Kxfv‡e mykvmb cªwZôv Kiv Z‡e wk¶v we¯Ív‡ii d‡j bvMwiK‡`i g‡a¨ m‡PZbZv evo‡j Ges
m¤¢e? we‡kølY K‡iv| ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jv I mykxj mgvR D³ mgm¨v mgvav‡b AvMªnx
n‡j we`¨gvb mgm¨v¸‡jv `~i K‡i mykvmb cªwZôv Kiv m¤¢e|
 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi  DÏxc‡K Avãyj nvwj‡gi iv‡óª mykvmb cªwZôvi Rb¨ me©cª_g
K. †h kvmbe¨e¯’vq cªkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv, ˆeaZv, ¯^”QZv Ges `yb©xwZ cªwZ‡iva Ki‡Z n‡e| `yb©xwZ RvZxq m¤ú‡`i mwVK eȇb
mK‡ji AskMªn‡Yi my‡hvM Db¥y³ _v‡K Zv‡K mykvmb e‡j| evav cª`vb K‡i Ges abx I Mix‡ei g‡a¨ ˆelg¨ m…wó K‡i|
L. GKwU †`‡k mykvmb cªwZôvi Ab¨Zg wfwË n‡jv AvB‡bi kvm‡bi Gici ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’wZkxjZv `~ixf~Z Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv,
ev¯Íevqb| ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’wZkxjZvi Kvi‡Y †`‡k AivRKZvi m…wó nq|
†h kvmbe¨e¯’vq cªkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv, ˆeaZv, ¯^”QZv, †`‡k AvBb k…•Ljvi Pig AebwZ N‡U| mykvm‡bi c_ evavMª¯Í
Rbmvavi‡Yi AskMªn‡Yi my‡hvM Db¥y³ _v‡K, evK¯^vaxbZv, wePvi nq| GKwU †`‡ki mykvmb cªwZôvi Rb¨ RvwZMZ `vjv cªwZnZ
wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv, AvB‡bi Abykvmb BZ¨vw` ˆewkó¨ we`¨gvb Ki‡Z n‡e| iv‡óªi bvMwK‡`i g‡a¨ HK¨ weivR bv Ki‡j mykvmb
_v‡K Zv‡K mykvmb e‡j| Avi AvB‡bi kvmb ej‡Z abx-Mwie, cªwZôv Kiv m¤¢e n‡q I‡V bv| GQvov iv‡óªi bvMwiK‡`i g‡a¨
†QvU-eo, bvix-cyiæl, ag©-eY© †kªwY wbwe©‡k‡l AvB‡bi †Pv‡L A_©‰bwZK ˆelg¨ `~i K‡i| mK‡ji gv‡S mgvb A_©-m¤ú` eÈb
mevB mgvb Ges mgv‡Ri me©Î AvB‡bi cªvavb¨ eRvq _vKv‡K Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv, iv‡óª A_©‰bwZK ˆelg¨ _vK‡j bvMwiK‡`i
†evSvq| mykvm‡b AvB‡bi kvm‡bi cvkvcvwk | AskMªnY, g‡a¨ H‡K¨i m…wó nq bv m‡e©vcwi mykvmb cªwZôvi Rb¨ GKwU
¯^”QZv, ms‡e`bkxjZv, Revew`wnZv, mvg¨, `yb©xwZgy³ cªkvmb, iv‡óª `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv, `vwi`ª¨ bvMwi‡Ki
w¯’wZkxj ivR‰bwZK cwi‡ek BZ¨vw`I _vK‡Z nq| Avi Gme AwaKvi AR©‡bi cªwZeÜK wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| GwU wewfbœ ai‡bi
wKQy wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡j AvB‡bi kvm‡bi cª‡qvM NUv‡Z n‡e| Aciv‡ai Ab¨Zg KviY|
Gfv‡e mykvm‡b AvB‡bi kvmb wbwðZ nq| Dch©y³ Av‡jvPbvi †cªw¶‡Z ejv hvq, Avãyj nvwj‡gi iv‡óª hw`
M. DÏxcKwU we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv hvq, DwjøwLZ iv‡óª mykvm‡bi cªvq `yb©xwZ cªwZ‡iva, ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’wZkxjZv `~ixf~Z, RvwZMZ `vjv
mKj ˆewkó¨B Abycw¯’Z| mykvmb ej‡Z Ggb GK KvwO&¶Z cªwZnZ, A_©‰bwZK ˆelg¨ `~i Kiv, `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb cªf…wZ
kvmbe¨e¯’v‡K †evSvq, †hLv‡b ¯^”QZv, Revew`wnZv, evK ev¯Íevqb Kiv hvq Z‡e mykvmb cªwZôv Kiv m¤¢e|
¯^vaxbZvmn me ivR‰bwZK ¯^vaxbZv myi¶vi e¨e¯’v _vK‡e,
RbM‡Yi Pvwn`vi cªwZ miKvi ms‡e`bkxj I `vwqZ¡kxj n‡e 9. Rbve nviæb AvwdªKvi mvgwiK evwnbx kvwmZ GKwU AbybœZ
Ges msweavb Z_v AvB‡bi gva¨‡g miKv‡ii ¶gZv mxgve× †`‡ki bvMwiK| Zvi †`‡k i‡q‡Q `yb©xwZ, ivR‰bwZK
_vK‡e| Aw¯’wZkxjZv, RvwZMZ `v½v, A_©‰bwZK ˆelg¨, `vwi`ª¨ BZ¨vw`
mvgwiK evwnbx kvwmZ Avãyj nvwj‡gi †`kwU‡Z mykv‡bi bvbv mgm¨v| Z‡e eZ©gv‡b wk¶vwe¯Ív‡ii d‡j bvMwiK‡`i g‡a¨
A‡bK¸‡jv ˆewk‡ó¨i Abycw¯’wZ j¶ Kiv hvq| †hgb- †Kv‡bv m‡PZbZv †e‡o‡Q Ges ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jv I mykxj mgvR D³
†`‡k mykvm‡bi eo AšÍivq n‡jv `yb©xwZ| `yb©xwZi Kvi‡Y mgm¨v¸‡jv mgvav‡b LyeB AvMªnx|
m¤ú‡`i e›U‡b AmgZv m…wó nq Ges AvBbk…•Ljvi AebwZ N‡U| K. AvBb Kx?
DÏxc‡Ki Avãyj nvwj‡gi †`‡k `yb©xwZ Av‡Q e‡jB bvbv wek…•Ljv L. ¯^”QZv ej‡Z Kx †evS?
we`¨gvb| ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’wZkxjZv mykvmb cªwZôvi Ab¨Zg eo M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ivóªwU‡Z mykvm‡bi †Kvb †Kvb ˆewk‡ó¨i
evav| Avãyj nvwj‡gi †`‡kI ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’wZkxjZv we`¨gvb| Afve i‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki|
Avevi `vwi`ª¨v mykvm‡bi Av‡iKwU eo evav| Avãyj nvwj‡gi N. Rbve nviæb Gi ivóªwU‡Z Kxfv‡e mykvmb cªwZôv Kiv m¤¢e?
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 ► D”P gva¨wgK \ †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (cÖ_g cÎ) \ Aa¨vqwfwËK Av‡jvPbv I Abykxjbxg~jK cÖ‡kœi DËi

gva¨‡g kvmb wefv‡Mi Kv‡Ri ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv wbwðZ n‡e

 9 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi  Ges mykvm‡bi c_ myMg n‡e| GKwU ¯^vaxb I wbi‡c¶ wePvi
K. AvBb n‡jv mgvR¯^xK…Z I ivóª KZ©…K Aby‡gvw`Z wbqg-Kvbyb hv wefvM mykvmb cªwZôvq mnvqK| ZvB wePvi wefvM‡K AvBb I
mgv‡Ri evwn¨K AvPiY‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i| kvmb wefv‡Mi wbqš¿Y I KZ©…Z¡gy³ Kivi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi
L. ¯^”QZv n‡jv Ggb GKwU weg~Z© aviYv hv Øviv gvbyl Dcjwä cvkvcvwk ivóªxq mKj `vwqZ¡ I ¶gZv †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii nv‡Z bv
Ki‡Z cv‡i †h, †Kv‡bv Kg©KvÐ KZUyKy bxwZm½Z ev ˆea| GK †i‡L AvÂwjK I ¯’vbxq ms¯’vmg~‡ni wbKU wKQy `vwqZ¡ I ¶gZv
K_vq ¯^”QZv n‡jv my¯úóZv| GwU mykvm‡bi GKwU Ab¨Zg cªavb n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡j cªkvmwbK RwUjZv `~i n‡e Ges mykvmb cªwZôvq
ˆewkó¨| miKvwi Kg©Kv‡Ði ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi Ici mykvmb mnvqK n‡e| †mB mv‡_ miKvi I cªkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv wbwðZ
wbf©i K‡i| ZvB ¯^”QZv ZLbB cªwZwôZ n‡e hLb miKvi Zv‡`i Ki‡Z n‡e Ges miKvi I cªkvm‡bi `¶Zv evov‡Z n‡e| Dch©y³
Kg©KvÐ, bxwZgvjv I wm×všÍ RbMY‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| c`‡¶c¸‡jv MªnY Ki‡j DÏxc‡Ki nviæ‡bi ivóªwU‡Z mykvmb
M. DÏxcKwU we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv hvq, DwjøwLZ iv‡óª mykvm‡bi cªvq cªwZôv Kiv m¤¢e n‡e e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi|
mKj ˆewkó¨B Abycw¯’Z|
mykvmb ej‡Z Ggb GK KvwO&¶Z kvmbe¨e¯’v‡K †evSvq, †hLv‡b 10. Rbve gnwmb m`¨ miKvwi PvKwi †_‡K Aemi wb‡q‡Qb| wZwb
¯^”QZv, Revew`wnZv, evK ¯^vaxbZvmn me ivR‰bwZK ¯^vaxbZv mr I `¶ Kg©KZ©v wnmv‡e AZ¨šÍ mybv‡gi mv‡_ KvR K‡i‡Qb|
myi¶vi e¨e¯’v _vK‡e, RbM‡Yi Pvwn`vi cªwZ miKvi ms‡e`bkxj wKš‘ AemiKvjxb †cbkb Zyj‡Z wM‡q wZwb c‡` c‡` `yb©xwZ Avi
I `vwqZ¡kxj n‡e Ges msweavb Z_v AvB‡bi gva¨‡g miKv‡ii nqivwbi wkKvi n‡q‡Qb| EaŸ©Zb Kg©KZ©v GgbwK gš¿xi mv‡_
¶gZv mxgve× _vK‡e| mv¶v‡Zi c‡iI Zvi mgm¨v mgvavb nqwb| eva¨ n‡q wZwb
mvgwiK evwnbx kvwmZ nviæ‡bi †`kwU‡Z mykvm‡bi A‡bK¸‡jv RbMY‡K mv‡_ wb‡q `yb©xwZ Avi Awbq‡gi weiæ‡× RbgZ MV‡bi
ˆewk‡ó¨i Abycw¯’wZ j¶ Kiv hvq| †hgb- †Kv‡bv †`‡k Av‡›`vjb ïiæ K‡i‡Qb|
mykvm‡bi eo AšÍivq n‡jv `yb©xwZ| `yb©xwZi Kvi‡Y m¤ú‡`i K. ¯^RbcªxwZ Kx?
e›U‡b AmgZv m…wó nq Ges AvBbk…•Ljvi AebwZ N‡U| L. AvB‡bi kvmb ej‡Z Kx †evS?
DÏxc‡Ki nviæ‡bi †`‡k `yb©xwZ Av‡Q e‡jB bvbv wek„Ljv M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Rbve gnwmb mykvm‡bi †Kvb AšÍiv‡qi
we`¨gvb| ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’wZkxjZv mykvmb | cªwZôvi Ab¨Zg m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Q e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
eo evav| nviæ‡bi †`‡kI ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’wZkxjZv we`¨gvb| N. Rbve gnwm‡bi Av‡›`vjb mdj n‡j iv‡óª Gi Kx cªfve
Avevi cvwi`ª¨ mykvm‡bi Av‡iKwU eo evav| nviæ‡bi †`‡k GwUI co‡Z cv‡i? eY©bv K‡iv|
we`¨gvb| Gi Kvi‡Y Zvi †`‡ki RbMY mn‡R wkw¶Z n‡Z cv‡i
bv| d‡j Zviv bvMwiK AwaKvi I KZ©e¨ m¤ú‡K© †Zgb mRvM  10 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
bq| Avevi †`‡ki †fZ‡i emevmiZ wewfbœ a‡g©i, e‡Y©i, K. wb‡qvM, e`wj, c‡`vbœwZ I Ab¨vb¨ my‡hvM-myweav `v‡bi †¶‡Î
†Mv‡Îi Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ m¤cÖxwZ bv _vK‡j mykvmb cªwZwôZ nq †hvM¨e¨w³i e`‡j ¯^Rb‡`i AMªvwaKvi cª`vbB ¯^RbcªxwZ|
bv| Gi d‡j RvZxq †PZbv I †`k‡cªg Pig fv‡e ¶wZMª¯Í nq L. AvB‡bi kvmb ej‡Z AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mevB mgvb Ges AvB‡bi
Ges gvbevwaKvi f~jywôZ nq| nviæ‡bi †`‡k RvwZMZ `v½vI cªvavb¨ eRvq _vKv‡K †evSvq| abx-Mwie, †QvU-eo, bvix-cyiæl,
i‡q‡Q| hv mykvmb cªwZôvi †¶‡Î ৰvLv wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Q| ZvB ag©-eY©-‡kªwY wbwe©‡k‡l mevB AvB‡bi Kv‡Q mgvb| †KD we‡kl
ejv hvq, nviæ‡bi †`‡k mykvm‡bi cªvq me ˆewk‡ó¨iB Afve gh©v`vi AwaKvix bq| †KD AvBb f½ Ki‡j Zv‡K wePv‡ii
i‡q‡Q| KvVMovq `vuov‡Z n‡e Ges b¨vqwePvi cªwZôv Kiv n‡e- GUvB
N. GKwU iv‡óª mykvmb cªwZôvq eûgyLx mgm¨v _vK‡Z cv‡i Z‡e AvB‡bi kvm‡bi mv_©KZv| AvB‡bi kvmb g~jZ e¨w³i mvg¨ I
Gme mgm¨v †_‡K DËi‡Yi Rb¨ wewfbœ c`‡¶c †bIqv †h‡Z ¯^vaxbZvi i¶vKeP|
cv‡i| †h kvmbe¨e¯’vq cªkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv, ˆeaZv, ¯^”QZv, M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Rbve gnwmb mykvm‡bi †h AšÍiv‡qi m¤§yLxb
mK‡ji AskMªn‡Yi my‡hvM Db¥y³ _v‡K Zv‡K mykvmb e‡j| n‡q‡Q †mwU n‡j `yb©xwZ|
mykvmb `vwqZ¡kxj, AskMªnYg~jK, ¯^”Q I b¨vqm½Z cªwµqv, hv `yb©xwZ ej‡Z e¨w³¯^v_© nvwm‡ji D‡Ï‡k¨ Awc©Z ¶gZvi
iv‡óª AvB‡bi kvmb Kv‡qg K‡i| g~jZ AvB‡bi kvmb cªwZôvi Ace¨envi Kiv‡K †evSvq| mykvmb cªwZôvi †¶‡Î GKwU eo
gva¨‡g iv‡óª mykvmb Z¡ivwš^Z nq| G‡¶‡Î AvB‡bi kvmb evav n‡jv `yb©xwZ| mv¤cÖwZKv‡j `yb©xwZ Ab¨Zg GKwU mvgvwRK
cªwZôvi j‡¶¨ miKvi | RbMY‡K GK‡hv‡M KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| I ivóªxq mgm¨v wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡”Q| G `yb©xwZ‡K †`Lv nq
msm`xq MYZ‡š¿ AvBbmfvi m`m¨iv n‡jb RbM‡Yi wbe©vwPZ GKUv Awfkvc wn‡m‡e| mgvR I ivóªxq e¨e¯’vq hw` `yb©xwZ
cªwZwbwa| AvBbmfvi m`m¨MY wbR wbR wbe©vPwb GjvKvi cª‡ek K‡i Z‡e †mLv‡b b¨vqcivqYZv, AvB‡bi kvmb Avkv Kiv
RbM‡Yi Avkv-AvKvO&¶v, mgm¨v BZ¨vw` AvBbmfvq Zy‡j a‡ib hvq bv| b¨vqcivYqZv I AvB‡bi kvm‡bi Abycw¯’wZ mykvm‡bi
Ges hy‡Mvc‡hvMx AvBb cªYqb K‡ib| ZvB Kvh©Kwi AvBbmfvi c‡_ mivmwi evav wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| m‡e©vcwi kvmbe¨e¯’vq
`yb©xwZ RbmvaviY‡K cªvc¨ AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ K‡i, mvgvwRK
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 ► D”P gva¨wgK \ †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (cÖ_g cÎ) \ Aa¨vqwfwËK Av‡jvPbv I Abykxjbxg~jK cÖ‡kœi DËi

ˆelg¨ m…wó K‡i Ges fvimvg¨nxbZv ˆZwi K‡i| GgZve¯’vq

`yb©xwZ mykvmb cªwZôvq evav m…wó K‡i|
DÏxc‡K †`Lv hvq Rbve gnwmb m`¨ PvKwi †_‡K Aemi MªnY
K‡i AemiKvjxb †cbkb Zyj‡Z wM‡q c‡` c‡` wZwb `yb©xwZ Avi
nqivwbi wkKvi n‡q‡Qb| EaŸ©Zb Kg©KZ©v GgbwK gš¿xi mv‡_
mv¶v‡Zi c‡iI Zvi mgm¨vi mgvavb nqwb| hv mykvm‡bi eo
AšÍivq `yb©xwZi mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y©|
N. Rbve gnwmb RbMY‡K mv‡_ wb‡q `yb©xwZ Avi Awbq‡gi weiæ‡×
RbgZ MV‡bi Av‡›`vjb ïiæ K‡i‡Qb| iv‡óªi mykvmb cªwZôvq G
ai‡bi Av‡›`vj‡bi BwZevPK cªfve co‡e|
MYZvwš¿K kvmb e¨e¯’vq RbgZ I mykvm‡bi ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg|
cªwZwbwaZ¡g~jK MYZ‡š¿ RbcªwZwbwa wbe©vPb I miKvi MV‡bi
†¶‡Î RbgZ gyL¨ f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| ¶gZvmxb `j I we‡ivax
`j RbgZ †K fq K‡i P‡j| RbgZ MYZvwš¿K miKvi‡K mwVK
c‡_ cwiPvwjZ K‡i| miKvi RbKj¨vY mva‡bi Rb¨ †h Kg©m~wP
cªYqb I Kvh©Ki c`‡¶c MªnY K‡i, Zv mvaviYZ Rbg‡Zi w`‡K
j¶ †i‡LB Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
RbgZ miKvi‡K MwZkxj n‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| Rbg‡Zi Pv‡c
miKvi hy‡Mvc‡hvMx I cªMwZkxj Kg©m~wP MªnY Ki‡Z eva¨ nq|
MYZvwš¿K iv‡óª miKvi Rbg‡Zi Pv‡c RbKj¨vYKi AvBb cªYqb
K‡i _v‡K| MYZvwš¿K iv‡óª mykvmb cªwZôvqI RbgZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| miKvi Rbg‡Zi Pv‡c `yb©xwZ `~i Ki‡Z
m‡Pó nq, cªkvmb‡K `¶ I MwZkxj K‡i †Zv‡j, AvB‡bi kvmb
cªwZôv Ki‡Z eva¨ nq| Gfv‡e Rbg‡Zi Pv‡c mykvmb cªwZwôZ
nq|
Dch©y³ Av‡jvPbvi †cªw¶‡Z ejv hvq, Rbve gnwmb `yb©xwZ
cªwZ‡iv‡a †h c`‡¶c MªnY K‡i‡Qb Zv h_v_©| †Kbbv, MYZvwš¿K
iv‡óªi miKvi Rbg‡Zi Pv‡c eva¨ n‡qB `yb©xwZi weiæ‡× e¨e¯’v
†b‡eb|

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