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Bridge Bearings Modified by AKC-April'16

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8 views

Bridge Bearings Modified by AKC-April'16

Uploaded by

balram12122000
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bearings for Bridges

BY
Prof. Arun Kumar Chakraborty

Department of Civil Engineering


Indian Institute of Engineering Science & Technology
(Formerly, Bengal Engineering and Science University),
Shibpur, Howrah- 711 103, West Bengal , India

1
Bridge Bearings

2
Bridge Bearings

Function Of Bearings
 Bridge bearings are used to transfer forces
from the superstructure to the substructure,
allowing the following types of movements of
the superstructure:
 Translational movements; and
 Rotational movements

3
Bridge Bearings

Until the middle of this century, the bearings used


consisted of following types:
 Pin
 Roller
 Rocker
 Metal sliding bearings

4
Pin Bearing

 A pin bearing is a type of fixed bearings that accommodates


rotations through the use of a steel
 Translational movements are not allowed.
 The pin at the top is composed of upper and lower
semicircularly recessed surfaces with a solid circular pin
placed between.
 Usually, there are caps at both ends of the pin to keep the pin
from sliding off the seats and to resist uplift loads if required.
 The upper plate is connected to the sole plate by either
bolting or welding. The lower curved plate sits on the masonry
plate.

5
Pin Bearing

Steel Pin

• Rotational Movement is allowed


• Lateral and Translational Movements are Restricted
6
Roller Type Bearings

Single Roller Bearing Multiple Roller Bearing

• AASHTO requires that expansion rollers be equipped with “substantial side bars”
and be guided by gearing or other means to prevent lateral movement, skewing,
and creeping (AASHTO 10.29.3).
• A general drawback to this type of bearing is its tendency to collect dust
and debris.
7
Roller Type Bearings

Roller Type Bearing with Gear Arrangement

• Longitudinal movements are allowed


• Lateral Movements and Rotations are
Restricted
8
Rocker Type Bearing

• A rocker bearing is a type of expansion bearing that comes in a great


variety.
• It typically consists of a pin at the top that facilitates rotations, and a
curved surface at the bottom that accommodates the translational
movements
• Rocker and pin bearings are primarily used in steel bridges.

9
Sliding Bearings

• A sliding bearing utilizes one plane metal


plate sliding against another to
accommodate translations.
• The sliding bearing surface produces a
frictional force that is applied to the
superstructure, substructure, and the
bearing itself.
• To reduce this friction force, PTFE
(polytetrafluoroethylene) is often used as a
sliding lubricating material. PTFE is
sometimes referred to as Teflon, named
after a widely used brand of PTFE

10
Sliding Bearings

• Sliding Bearings be used alone or more often used as a component in other


types of bearings
• Pure sliding bearings can only be used when the rotations caused by the
deflection at the supports are negligible. They are therefore limited to a span
length of 15 m or less by ASHTTO [10.29.1.1]

11
Knuckle Pinned Bearing

• It is special form of Roller Bearing in which the Knuckle pin is provided for easy
rocking. A knuckle pin is inserted between the top and bottom casting. The top casting
is attached to the Bridge superstructure, while the bottom casting rests on a series of
rollers
• Knuckle pin bearing can accommodate large movements and can accommodate
sliding as well as rotational movement
12
Pot Bearings

13
Pot bearing

14
Pot Bearings

 A POT BEARING consists of a shallow steel


cylinder, or pot, on a vertical axis with a neoprene
disk which is slightly thinner than the cylinder and
fitted tightly inside.
 A steel piston fits inside the cylinder and bears on
the neoprene.
 Flat brass rings are used to seal the rubber between
the piston and the pot.
 The rubber behaves like a viscous fluid flowing as
rotation may occur.
 Since the bearing will not resist bending moments, it
must be provided with an even bridge seat.

15
Plain Elastomeric Bearings

16
Laminated Elastomeric Bearings

Elastomeric material interspersed with steel plates

17
Laminated Elastomeric Bearings

• consist of a laminated elastomeric bearing


equipped with a lead cylinder at thecenter of
the bearing.
• The function of the rubber-steel laminated
portion of the bearing is to carry the weight
of the structure and provide post-yield
elasticity.
• The lead core is designed to deform
plastically, thereby providing damping
energy dissipation.
• Lead rubber bearings are used in
seismically active areas because of their
performance under earthquake loads.

18
Other Types of Bearings

19
Selection of Bearing Type

 AASHTO LRFD provides guidelines for selection of suitable


bearings for bridges as per requirements in Table 14.6.2-1

20
Selection of Bearing Type

Bearing Suitability: AASHTO Table 14.6.2-1


Rotation about bridge
Movement Axis indicated Resistance to Loads Score Rank
Type of Bearing
Long Trans Long Trans Vert Long Trans Vert S L R U

Plain elastomeric pad L L S S L L L L 2 6 0 0 18


Fiberglass reinforced pad S S S S L L L L 4 4 0 0 20

Cotton duck reinforced pad U U U U U L L S 1 2 0 5 7


Steel-reinforced elastomeric
bearing S S S S L L L S 5 3 0 0 21
Plane sliding bearing S S U U S R R S 4 0 2 2 14
Curved sliding spherical
bearing R R S S S R R S 4 0 4 0 16
Curved sliding cylindrical
bearing R R U S U R R S 2 0 4 2 10
Disk bearing R R S S L S R S 4 1 3 0 17
Double cylindrical bearing
R R S S U R R S 3 0 4 1 13
Pot bearing R R S S L S S S 5 1 2 0 19
Rocker bearing
S U U S U U R S 3 0 1 4 10
Knuckle pinned bearing U U U S U S R S 3 0 1 4 10
Single roller bearing S U U S U U R S 3 0 1 4 10
Multiple roller bearing S U U U U U U S 2 0 0 6 6

S = suitable, U = unsuitable, L = suitable for limited applications, R = may be suitable, but requires special considerations or additional
elements such as slider or guideways. 21
Elastomeric Bearing Design -Example

22
Elastomeric Bearing Design -Example

23
Elastomeric Bearing Design -Example
Maximum Longitudinal Movement at the Abutment

24
Elastomeric Bearing Design -Example
Preliminary Thickness of Bearing

25
Elastomeric Bearing Design -Example

26
Elastomeric Bearing Design -Example

27
Elastomeric Bearing Design -Example

28
Elastomeric Bearing Design -Example

7mm
0.6mm

15mm
62.4mm

L = 240 mm

FINAL DESIGN
29
30

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