‫الجامعة االسمرية اإلسالمية‬

‫كلية الهندسة‬
‫قسم الهندسة الكهربائية‬
‫معمل دوائر كهربائية ‪1‬‬

‫''‪Homework''3‬‬

‫إعداد الطالب‪ :‬فرج صالح الضعيفي‬

‫رقم القيد‪219080679 :‬‬
‫تحت اشراف‪ :‬د‪ .‬سالم عمر الهمالي‬
‫تاريخ التسليم‪18/06/2022‬‬
ECE303 Electric Circuits Lab I 2nd Experiment

Al-Asmarya Islamic University

Faculty of Engineering-Electrical and Computer Engineering Department

Electric Circuits Lab 1 ECE303

This Laboratory is intended to cover selected experiments related to:
1- Fundamentals of electrical engineering and measurements.
2- Correlation of theoretical and experimental results with regard to basic DC circuits and network theorems.

3th Experiment
The characteristics of parallel DC circuits.

2020-2021
Feb. 2021

Table of Content
Table of figures.................................................................................................................................................................. 3
Table of tables ................................................................................................................................................................... 3

2
ECE303 Electric Circuits Lab I 2nd Experiment

Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................................... 3
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 3
2 Methods ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3
3 Discussion .................................................................................................................................................................. 4
4 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................................. 5
5 References ................................................................................................................................................................. 5
Appendices........................................................................................................................................................................ 5

Table of figures
Figure 1 A parallel DC circuit to be investigated ............................................................................................................... 3
Table of tables
Table 1 Characteristices of the investigated parallel DC circuit ........................................................................................ 4
Table 2 Power distribution in a parallel DC circuit ............................................................................................................ 4
Abstract
With an aim to study the characteristics of parallel DC circuits, a parallel DC circuit was drawn in NI Multisim software.
The circuit’s total resistance was examined when the circuit's elements are changed. The characteristics of each element
including the voltage, current, and power were investigated at different conditions. The simulation results were compared
with the theory-based results.
1 Introduction
 Resistors in parallel. Resistors R1 and R2 are in parallel if they are connected to the same two nodes

and have exactly the same voltage across their terminals. then be combined into a single resistor Rp,

where Rp = R1R2/(R1 + R2).hen trying to determine the equivalent resistance at a pair of terminals of a

network composed of an interconnection of numerous resistors, it is recommended that the analysis

begin at the end of the network opposite the terminals. Two or more resistors are combined to form a

single resistor, thus simplifying the network by reducing the number of Resistors

2 Methods
1) Draw the circuit shown in figure 1 using Multisim software.

Is I1 I2 I3

+ +
+ + R3 = 400 Ω
E=24 V - R1=10 Ω V2 R2 =220 Ω V3
V1 100% = 1600 Ω
- -
-

Figure 1 A parallel DC circuit to be investigated

2) Using a multimeter measure the circuit's total resistance (RT). Then, with an ammeter measure the source
current (Is).

3
ECE303 Electric Circuits Lab I 2nd Experiment

3) Calculate the circuit total resistance (RT) for the parallel resistors. Then, using Ohm’s law calculate the
source current (Is).
4) Record your measurements and results in table 1.
5) Using an ammeter measure the current through each resistor.
6) Apply the Current Divider Rule (VDR) to calculate the current through each resistor. Use the total resistance
and the total current obtained in steps 2 and 3.
7) Record your measurements and results in table 1.
8) Measure and calculate the voltage across each resistor.
9) Record your measurements and results in table 1

R3 RT (Ω) Is (A) I1 (A) I2 (A) I3 (A) V1 (V) V2 (V) V3 (V)

(Ω) M C M C M C M C M C M C M C M C
400 9.3 9.3 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 0.1 0.10 0.0 0.0 24 24 24 24 24 24
42 42 69 69 09 9 6 6
800 9.4 9.4 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 0.1 0.10 0.0 0.0 24 24 24 24 24 24
52 52 39 39 09 9 3 3
1200 9.4 9.4 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 0.1 0.10 0.0 0.0 24 24 24 24 24 24
9 9 29 29 09 9 2 2
1600 9.5 9.5 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 0.1 0.10 0.0 0.0 24 24 24 24 24 24
08 08 24 24 09 9 15 15
M=measured and C=calculated. R1= 10 Ω and R2 = 220 Ω
Table 1 Characteristices of the investigated parallel DC circuit

10) Using a wattmeter measure the supplied power by the source and the dissipated power by the resistors.
11) Record your measurements in table 2.
Supplied Power Dissipated Power (W)
R3 PE (W)
(Ω) M C PR1 PR1 PR2 PR2 PR3 PR3 The total dissipated
M C M C M C power M (W)
400 61.658 61.658 57.6 57.6 2.618 2.618 1.44 1.44 61.658
800 60.938 60.938 57.6 57.6 2.618 2.618 0.72 0.72 60.938
1200 60.698 60.698 57.6 57.6 2.618 2.618 0.48 0.48 60.698
1600 60.578 60.578 57.6 57.6 2.618 2.618 0.36 0.36 60.578
M=measured and C=calculated. R1= 10 Ω and R2 = 220 Ω
Table 2 Power distribution in a parallel DC circuit

12) Change the value of R3 to the following values (800 Ω, 1200 Ω, and 1600 Ω).
13) Repeat the steps above.
14) If R3 was removed from the circuit, what would happen to the total current?
15) Examine the use of two voltage sources (Batteries) with the same voltage (Bothe of them 24 V). What would
happen to the total current? And why?
3 Discussion
Discuss your results.
 How does the total resistance change as the values of the parallel resistance change?

 We know that resistors connected in parallel, the result is less than the smallest resistance

 How does the current through each resistor change with the resistor's resistance?

 The reason for changing the current is because the resistors are connected in parallel

 What is the relation between the current source and the current through each resistor?

 The relationship between the source current and the currents in resistors is the algebraic sum of the
currents in all resistors
4
ECE303 Electric Circuits Lab I 2nd Experiment

 Does the voltage change for parallel elements.

 We know that the voltage in parallel circuits is the same across all branches of the circuit

 Comment on whether the supplied power equals the total dissipated power.

 This explains that the resistors do not have an error rate

 What is the relation between the dissipated power and the resistance values in parallel circuits?

 It is known that when the value of the resistance increases, the lost power dissipated , and vice versa
when the resistance decreases
 Compare the above observation with the same relation in series circuits.

 In series circuits, we know that as the value of the resistance increases, the value of the power
dissipated increases, and vice versa, when the resistance decreases, the power decreases

 Summarize in a table the main characteristics of series and parallel DC circuits.

parallel DC circuits series DC circuits Variables in the circuit

The value of the current varies from one branch to the other The current is equal in the circuit the current

The value of the voltage is equal to the voltage of the source at two points The voltage is different on each resistance voltage

The higher the resistance value, the lower the power The higher the resistance value, the lower the power power

4 Conclusion
 We conclude that in parallel circuits, the voltage in each branch of the circuit is the same as the

source voltage, but the current differs from the other branch according to the value of the resistance

 The equivalent resistance of two parallel resistors is equal to the product of their resistances divided

by their sum

 we know the supplied power equals the total dissipated power

5 References
 Fundamentals of electric circuits / Charles K. Alexander, Matthew N. O. Sadiku. — 4th ed. p. cm

 Basic engineering circuit analysis/J. David Irwin, R. Mark Nelms.—11th edition. 1 online resource

Appendices