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C.D.I.7 - Drug Paraphernalia

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29 views4 pages

C.D.I.7 - Drug Paraphernalia

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titusfangki123
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What are drug paraphernalia

- The term refers to any equipment that is used to produce, conceal, and consume illicit
drugs. It includes but is not limited to items such as bongs, roach clips, miniature
spoons, and various types of pipes.

Where are drug paraphernalia sold?


- Can be obtained through various means. Either through internet and through mail-order
business. They are frequently sold at tobacco shops, trendy gift and novelty shops, gas
stations, and convenience stores.

Examples of drug paraphernalia


 Pipes (metal, wooden, acrylic, glass, stone, plastic, or ceramic)
 Water pipes
 Roach clips
 Miniature spoons
 Chillums ( cone-shaped marijuana/hash pipes)
 Bongs
 Cigarette papers
 Cocaine freebase kits

Drug administration can be:


 Oral (swallowing) * rectal (jay ubet, rectum)
 Intraocular (into the eye) * vaginal (obvious di na kailangan iexplain)
 Intraotic (into the ear) * transdermal ( through the skin)
 Nasal (through the nose) * subcutaneous (under the skin)
 Sublingual (under the tongue) * intramuscular (injection into muscle)
 Buccal (between the gums and cheek) * intravenous ( into the vein)
 Inhaled * intra-aerial (into the artery)
 Enteral, directly into their digestive tract * intraosseous (into the bone marrow)

Designer Drugs
- Illegal drugs that are created synthetically in the lab
- Made to mimic the effects of existing drugs
Examples of designer drugs:
 LSD ( lysergic acid diethylamide)- a.k.a as “acid”, hallucinogenic compound
 MDMA (methylenedioxymethamphetamine) – commonly referred to as “ecstasy”,
psychoactive compound, heightens energy pleasure and empathy for shorts period of
time.
 GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate)- suppresses cental nervous system, a depressant, used
as a date rape drug.
 Rohypnol- cocaine addicts call it as “roofies”, to reduce side effects of cocaine addiction
The US DEA recognized 7 different types of designer drugs:
 Cannabinoids- type of chemical in marijuana that causes drug-like effects all through the
body, including the central nervous system and the immune system.
 Phenethylamines - class of substances with documented psychoactive and stimulant
effects and include amphetamine, methamphetamine and MDMA
 Phencyclidines or arylcycloexamines- substances that cause hallucinations
 Tryptamines- act predominately as hallucinogens (psychedelics), mimics lsd
 Piperazines- central nervous stimulants mimicking effects of cocaine, amphetamines,
etc.
 Pipradols- CNS stimulant
 N-ring systems

Gateway drugs
- Drugs that can open the door to exposure to or experimentation with the harsher
substances, a habit-forming drug (alcohol or marijuana)
- Theory- Consummation of softer drugs leads to consuming more potent substances
- National Center on Addiction nad substance abuse, found that, teens are 266 times
more likely to develop substance use disorders and cocaine addiction than those who
do not.

Types of gateway drugs


 Alcohol
 Caffeine
 Marijuana
 Nicotine
 Prescription drugs

Alcohol
- A gateway drug that impairs brain function and motor skils.

Caffeine
- The ultimate gateway drug, considering its addictive nature and wide use across all ages
- Not illegal or in the spotlight
- Parents may give it to their kids

Marijuana
- A gateway drug that changes a person’s attention, motivation, memory and ability to
learn.
- Most abused illicit drug in the United states.

Nicotine
- Tobacco products (nicotine)
- Experiment with rats resulted to the rats showing increased response to cocaine after
experiments
- Teens start out of curiosity and eventually become addicted to nicotine rush.

Prescription Drugs
- Linked to heroin use and prescription drug abuse
- Used non-medically as per National Institute on Drug abuse (NIDA)
- Opioids are the most abused prescription drugs.

Facts About Gateway Drugs


• People that smoke cigarettes as teens and even younger are up to 100 times more likely to
smoke marijuana. Those same people are also significantly more likely to try illicit substances
such as cocaine and heroin than people who do not smoke cigarettes.
• Of those teenagers and young adults who have used marijuana 3 to 10 times, 20% go on to
use cocaine. Of those who use marijuana 100 or more times,
75% go on to use cocaine.
• Marijuana smokers who tried this drug for the first time before age 17 have up to a 6 times
greater chance of developing a substance dependence problem.
• Teens who are heavy drinkers, meaning they consume at least five drinks on five occasions
over 30 days, are 12 times more likely to use illegal drugs than those who do not drink.
• Nearly 90% of cocaine users had first smoked tobacco, drank alcohol, or used marijuana.

APROACHES TO THE DRUG PROBLEM


A. The law enforcement approach -
B. The treatment and rehabilitation approach
C. The educational approach
D. The international efforts against drugs abuse approach

A. The law enforcement approach


- Comprehensive drugs act of 2002 or republic act no. 9165
- Demand reduction strategy – preventive education and information campaigns to
prevent further demand of society, particularly, the youth, treatment of rehabilitation of
drug dependents. (taking the public away from drugs)
- Supple reduction strategy- Dangerous drug law enforcement, judicial and legislative
measures. (taking the drugs away from the public)

 Supply reduction strategy: example- PNP Anti-illegal Drugs campaign plan: double barrel
- Lower barrel- project tokhang (toktokaHangyo) , toktok-knock, hangyo- plead.
- Upper barrel- project HVT(high value target), includes buy bust, service of search and
arrest warrants, manhunts, raids, and checkpoints against high value and street level
targets involved in trafficking and selling of illicit drugs.
- Alternative development project- aims to reduce and eliminate the illicit cultivation of
marijuana.

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