Rift valley university Assignment of English

Name __________________________________ group _____ id______

PART I. SECTION ONE: Word Order
DIRECTIONS; From the alternatives A-D given in each case, choose the letter that contains the
correct order of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on the separate answer
sheet provided.
1. philosophy my hours old boring talks teacher for.
A. My philosophy old boring teacher talks for hours.
B. My old philosophy boring teacher talks for hours.
C. My boring philosophy old teacher talks for hours.
D. My boring old philosophy teacher talks for hours.
2. Teferi hyena their tiny killed.
A. Their Teferi tiny hyena killed. C. Hyena killed their Teferi tiny.
B. Teferi killed their tiny hyena. D. Their tiny hyena Teferi killed.
3. Him I he say to for did want for all us thank.
A. I want to say thank him for all he did for us.
B. He want to say I thank him for all did for us.
C. I did want him for all for us to say thank he.
D. He say I want to thank him for all did for us
SECTION TWO: Paragraph Coherence
DIRECTIONS: The sentences below are not in the correct order. Choose the letter of the
correct order and Write the letter of your choice in the answer sheet provided
4. a. The country with the highest life expectancy is Kenya.
b. Hence, nuns and philosophers often lived to great ages.
c. Historically, women died in childbirth and young men in wars.
d. Now, childbearing is less risky and there are fewer wars.
e. There are the average age from age for men is 68 and for women is 66.
A. C, B, D, A, E C. A, E, C, D, B
B. B. A, C, D, B, E D. C, D, A, B, E
5. a. One kind comes from animals.
b. We get meet and other things from animals.
c. We got vegetables and fruit from plants.
d. There are two kinds of food.
e. The other comes from plant.
A. D, A, C, E, B C. D, A, B, E, C
B. D, A, C, B, E D. C, A, B, E, D
6. a. Mining in some countries has remained fixed.
b. This is because value service is reportedly reduced.
c. That left many things unsystematic and nasty.
d. What is more, the industry seems to lack effective management.
e. In other, however, it is growing at the same time as markets are in failure.
A. A, B, D, E, C C. A, C, B, D, E
B. A, B, C, D, E D. A, E, B, D, C
SECTION THREE: Reading Comprehension (7-12)
DIRECTIONS: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions 10-23according
to the information there in. Each question has four choices, A-D. Choose the best alternative
and write the letter of your choice in the separate answer sheet provided.
Passage
1) Science plays a crucial role in identifying problems related to how natural systems function and deteriorate,
particularly when they are affected by an external factor. In turn, scientific findings shape the policies
introduced to protect such systems where necessary. Experts are frequently called upon by politicians to
provide evidence
which can be used to make scientifically sound, or at least scientifically justifiable policy decisions.

2) Issues arise as there are frequent disagreements between experts over the way data is gathered and
interpreted. An example of the former is the first scientific evidence of a hole in the ozone layer by the British
Antarctic Survey. (1) The findings were at first greeted by the scientific community with skepticism, as the
British Antarctic Survey was not yet an established scientific community. (2) Moreover, it was generally
believed that satellites would have picked up such ozone losses if they were indeed occurring. (3) It was not
until the methodology of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center was reviewed that it became apparent that data
had been
overlooked. (4)

3) With regards to the latter, controversy between scientists may arise where data analysis appears to support
one policy over another. In 1991, the World Resource Institute (WRI) published estimates of net emissions and
sinks of greenhouse gases for a number of countries, including India. The report provoked criticisms among
Indian scientists who argued that the figures had failed to take some significant factors into account, leading to
overestimated emission values. The WRI was accused of blaming less economically developed countries for
global warming; a stance which, if accepted, could impede industrialization and sustain, even widen, the wealth
gap.

4) Problems regarding the scientific method are well documented and it is widely accepted by the scientific
community that, however consistent scientists are in their procedures, the results born under different
circumstances can vary markedly. A number of factors influence research, among them the organization of a
laboratory, the influence of prevailing theories, financial constraints and the peer review process.
Consequently,
scientists tend to believe they are not in a position to bear universal truths but to reveal tendencies.

5) However, this is countered by two factors. Firstly, certain scientific institutions wish to maintain a degree of
status as „bearers of truth‟. Further, policy makers uphold this understanding by requesting scientific
certainties in order to legitimize their policy decisions. According to a number of authors who have documented
this process, decision makers do not necessarily try to obtain all the information which is or could be made
available regarding an issue. Rather, they select that information which is necessary to fulfil their goals,
information termed as „half-knowledge‟. Attempts to underplay transboundary issues such as water provision
and pollution are cases in point. Politicians clearly cannot pretend that certain data do not exist if they are
wellknown in scientific communities or national borders, but some discretion is evident, especially where there
is controversy and
uncertainty.

6) It is important to note that policies regarding scientific issues are influenced in no small part by societal
factors. These include the relative importance of certain environmental issues, the degree of trust in the
institutions conducting the research, and not least the social standing of those affected by the issue. In other
words, environmental problems are in many ways socially constructed according to the prevailing cultural,
economic and political conditions within a society. It has been suggested, for example, that contemporary
'post-materialist' Western societies pay greater attention to 'quality' - including environmental quality – than
'quantity'. This theory does not necessarily assume that people of low-income countries have no interest in
environmental protection, as the example of the Chipko movement in India clearly demonstrates, but
demonstrates that the way a resource
is valued varies widely among different communities.

7) Finally, it cannot be denied that the „issue of the day‟ changes constantly. One issue becomes more or less
urgent than another, based on current events. Concurrently, new issues enter the political agenda. It has been
noted that it often takes a 'policy entrepreneur', someone who dedicates time, energy and financial resources
to a certain issue, to raise its profile. Furthermore, whether an issue is taken up by political, environmental or
media
groups, depends very much on the degree to which it suits their particular agenda, not to mention budget.

1. With reference to paragraph 1, which of the following pieces of research would be NOT being relevant
to this article?
A. the effect of climate change on weather patterns in Africa
B. whether or not low level radiation increases the risk of cancer
C. how acid rain impacts species within a lake ecosystem
D. a comparison of the species present in two areas of woodland
2. What is the purpose of the example of ozone data given in paragraph 2?
A. to show that NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center used unreliable methods of gathering scientific
data
B. to show how data gathering methods and the status of scientists may affect the way data is
regarded
C. to prove that it is wrong to dismiss evidence which comes from a non-established source
D. to show how NASA and the British Antarctic Survey disagreed over the correct way to gather ozone data.
3. Paragraph 3 gives an example of a dispute over…
A. which country was most responsible for producing greenhouse gases
B. the pollution caused by multinational companies in India.
C. how statistics were interpreted and presented.
D. erroneous data which resulted from a poorly-funded experiment
4. In paragraph 5, „this‟ refers to…
A. the scientific method and its inherent problems.
B. the belief that scientists cannot reveal universal truths.
 C. the variation in scientific results under different circumstances
D. the list of factors which influence scientific research.
5. What is meant by this sentence? „Further, policy makers uphold this understanding by requesting
scientific certainties in order to legitimize their policy decisions
A. Politicians when seeking evidence for policy-making do not understand the fact that scientists are
unable to act as „bearers of truth‟.
B. Politicians consider the scientific research that supports their policies as more legitimate than other
research.
C. Scientific institutions encourage politicians to use them for policy-making in order to improve their
status.
D. Politicians, when seeking evidence for policy-making, encourage the belief that scientists can
produce incontestable facts.
6. Which sentence best sums up the ideas in paragraph 4?
A. Scientists are aware that their work cannot present incontrovertible facts
B. If scientists were more consistent, they could create more reliable evidence.
C. Variations in how research is conducted often affect its validity.
D. Scientists spend more time documenting problems than conducting research
SECTION FOUR: Vocabulary
Substitution (13-18)
DIRECTIONS: Choose the best alternatives from the given distractors that keep the meaning
of
the given sentence and write the letter of your choice on the separate answer sheet provided .
7. The world has become small and a country can no longer live in isolation.
A. agreement B. dispute C. solitude D. harmony
8. In most advanced countries the legal apparatus for controlling crimes are many and highly specialized.
A. machineries B. departments C. authorities D. ministries
9. I was furious when I found out my friend hadn’t told me the truth.
A. Very angry B. brave C. happy D. afraid extra
10. Some pictures of the Loch Ness monster were not real and proved to be hoaxes.
A. gifts B. tricks C. real D. evidence
11. The police are trying to trace the prisoner that have escaped the prison.
A. locate B. stop C. punish D. shoot
12. Let us round up our discussion for today.
A. conclude C. reconsider
B. paragraph D. examine in detail
SECTION FOUR: Grammar (43-75) DIRECTIONS: Question 19-75 are incomplete sentences.
There are four alternative words or phrases, A-D, given below each question. Choose the
word/phrase that best completes the sentence and write the letter of your choice in the
separate answer sheet provided.
13. The lecture was boring and irrelevant : ____. Some of the students began fall a sleep.
A. As a result B. because C. therefore D. However
14. No sooner _____ at the auditorium than the bomb exploded
A. The guest had arrived C. had the guest arrived
B. Arrived the gest D. the guest arrived
15. The old woman insisted on _________ about their unfair decision.
A. To complain B. complaining C. complain D. complain
16. Application are accepted only if you submit them no ____ than the end of this mount. That is the dead line.
A. Later B. Faster C. after D. sooner
17. Neither the children nor their father _________ interested in feepaying school
A. Seems to be B. seem to be C. are D. is not

18. ________ I didn’t know any body at the party. I had a good time.
A However B. Even though C. Because D. Despite
19. Every since we started t use English in class and out side our English has got ______
A. Good and better B. better and best C. best and best D. better and better
20. The owners, together with, the director _______ very hard working.
A. Is B. are C. has D. was
21. This question is a bit ________ the rest of the questions.
A. So easy as B. easier than C. the easiest of D. as easy as
22. I have _________ many books ____ I can lend you one of the them
A. Si . . . that B. such . . . that C. such a….that D. too __ to
23. Will you let me ______ your camera?
A. To use B. uses C. using D. use
24. I wish I ________ a doctor. My mind was less stressful when I was a doctor.
A. Was B. had been C. were D. am
25. It’s high time he _________ in Dire Dawa now.
A. were B. being C. was D. had been
26. I found him ______ some of her goods.
A. Stealing B. steal C. to steal D. stole
27. If he knew that it is dangerous, he ___________.
A. Won’t come B. might have come C. wouldn’t come D. wouldn’t come
28. There was _________ flour lest, so we could not make bread.
A. Few B. little C. a little D. a few
29. She visited the bale mountains _______ Tuesday.
A. On B. in C. at D. during
30. No one attended the meeting, _________ ?
A. Did they B. didn’t they C. do they D. don’t they
31. The team easily lost the championship ______ they made a very limited preparation
A. Because B. despite C. although D. so
32. Which one of the following closing is appropriate begins from “ Dear Dr. .Adem”?
A. Yours sincerely B. faithfully yours C. with regards, D. best wishes
33. We don’t allow ________ in the class room.
A. Disturb B. disturbing C. to disturb D. to disturbing
34. The famer’s son was made ______ after the cows.
A. To look B. looks C. looking D. look
35. As soon as the man had given the police man and addres, he _____ to go home
A. Was allowed B. allowed C. had been allowed D. has been allowed
36. She gave ___________ all the money to the needy.
A. Out B. in C. through D. away
 37. Your can hardly avoid________ her you both working in the same office.
A. To meet B. meet C. for meeting D. meeting
38. The ______ you prepared yourself for the exam, the ________ mark you get.
A. Ealier /best B. earlier / good C. early / best D. earlier / better
39. Solomon is a good speaker ________ he also writes very well.
A. In addition B. consequently C. however D. thus
40. If you don’t mind, I _______ finish my coffee before we leave.
A. Would have B. would trather C. would like D. would
41. I think teacher Chala _________ in this school since 1990 or be earlier.
A. Has thought B. is teaching C. teaches D. taught
42. I enjoyed reading the story. It was rather sad, _________.
A. Also B. But C. so D. though
43. I am a hard working person in the organization. I hope _____ the promotion.
A. To get B. to C. for getting D. in getting
44. ________ they had been waiting in line all night, I was sure they would get tickets.
A. As though B. because of C. since D. until
45. A as soon as the war was over, the refugees _______ to go back to the villages they
_____ about five years earlier
A. tried / had left C. have tried /were left
B. had tried / left D. were tried / have left

SECTION SIX: Communicative Activities (46-50)

DIRECTIONS: Question 46-50 are presented in a form of dialogue. The part said by one of the
speaker is given, and blank space is left for the other. For each of the blank spaces four
alternative answers, A-D, are given. Choose the one that is most appropriate to complete the
following dialogue and write the letter of your choice in the separate answer sheet provided .
46. Abenezer: I suggest that we raise some money for famine victims.
Emmanuel:______________________________
A .Drought is a periodic phenomenon.
B: Has anybody been displaced?
C. That is a noble idea.
D. Who suffers like children.
47. Mary:Yared run over a poor old man as he was driving back home yesterday.
Bethelhem:_________________________________________
A. No wonder he did that , he always drives drunk.
B. That is terrible news ,I am sorry for him.
C.I never knew he actually could drive.
D. Is he going to be imprisoned then?
48. Mesfin : My wife has just given birth to a beautiful baby girl.
Abdi: ______________________________________
A. Babies are sweet things.
B.I didn‟t know you want more babies.
C. Congratulations ,I am happy for you.
D. Not a good news in this time of poverty.
 49. Eyerus:___________________________
Yordi: Sure, as long as you give me back soon.
A.I owe you some money.
B .Can I lend you some money?
C. Can you borrow some money from me?
D. Can you lend me some money?
50. A: I am getting fatter by the day and I feel awful about it, what shall I do?
B:_______________________________________________
A.I don‟t mind about you getting fatter.
B.I think you should consult a physician.
C. Who cares about weight?
D.I too were fat once

ANSWER SHEET
Name ________________________________ grade & sec _____________ Rno.______

WORD ORDER
1 D
2 B
3 D
4 C
5 C
6 B
.
Reading Comprehension
1 D
2 B
3 C
4 B
5 D
6 A

Vocabulary
1 C
2 A
3 A
4 B
5 A
6 A

GRAMMAR
1 C 15 ? D/C 29 A
2 C 16 D 30 D
3 B 17 A 31 A
4 A 18 A 32 C
5 C 19 A 33 A
6 B 20 C 34 C
7 D 21 B 35 B
8 B 22 A 36 C
9 B 23 A 37 D
10 A 24 A 38 B
11 D 25 D 39
12 C 26 D 40
13 B 27 A
14 A 28 B