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Chapter 4 And3 AIS Midterm Answers

The document discusses key concepts related to data modeling, relational databases, and enterprise systems. It defines common terms like ERP, REA, and multiplicity analysis. It also provides examples of one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships. Finally, it outlines advantages and disadvantages of cloud-based computer systems.

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15 views

Chapter 4 And3 AIS Midterm Answers

The document discusses key concepts related to data modeling, relational databases, and enterprise systems. It defines common terms like ERP, REA, and multiplicity analysis. It also provides examples of one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships. Finally, it outlines advantages and disadvantages of cloud-based computer systems.

Uploaded by

kareema
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 3 and Chapter 4Data Modeling and Relational Databases and Enterprise Systems

Chapter 3 and Chapter 4

(Data Modeling and Relational Databases and Enterprise Systems)

1. What do the initials “ERP” stand for? To integrate a company’s operations what are the five most

common ERP modules that a company would implement? What are the advantages of a relational

database model over the traditional hierarchical model?

2. What do the initials “REA” stand for? What does REA modeling allow us to determine in database
design?

3. What role does multiplicity analysis play in database design? Describe one real world business
example

for each of the following:

 One-to-one relationships

 One-to-many relationships

 Many-to-many relationships

Which relationship is most common? Which does a relational database handle most easily? How is a

many-to-many relationship resolved?

4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a cloud based computer system?

Step 1

1. ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning):

Definition: ERP stands for Enterprise Resource Planning.

Five Most Common ERP Modules:

Financial Management: Handles financial transactions, accounting, and budgeting.

Human Resource Management: Manages employee information, payroll, and HR processes.

Supply Chain Management: Manages the flow of goods and services, including procurement and
inventory.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM): Manages interactions with customers, sales, and
marketing.
Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP): Helps in planning and executing manufacturing processes.

Advantages of Relational Database Model over Hierarchical Model:


Flexibility: Relationships can be easily established between tables.

Scalability: Easily adaptable to changes in data and structure.

Complex Queries: Supports complex queries and data retrieval.

Data Integrity: Ensures data integrity through normalization.

Security: Provides better security controls over data access.

Explanation:

Initials "ERP" stand for: Enterprise Resource Planning.

Five most common ERP modules: Typically, a company would implement modules for:

Finance and Accounting: Manages financial transactions and reporting.

Human Resources: Handles employee-related processes.

Supply Chain Management: Manages the flow of goods and services.

Sales and Marketing: Deals with customer relationship and sales processes.

Manufacturing/Production: Monitors and manages the production process.

Advantages of a relational database model over hierarchical model:

Flexibility: Relational databases allow for more flexible querying and data retrieval.

Data Integrity: Enforces integrity constraints, reducing data anomalies.

Scalability: Easier to scale horizontally and accommodate growing datasets.

Normalization: Supports normalization, minimizing data redundancy.

Complex Queries: Supports complex queries and relationships between data entities.

2. REA (Resources, Events, Agents):


Definition: REA stands for Resources, Events, Agents.

REA Modeling in Database Design:

REA modeling allows the determination of how resources, events, and agents are related in a business
process.

It helps in identifying and defining entities, relationships, and attributes in a database.

Explanation:
Initials "REA" stand for: Resource-Event-Agent.

REA modeling allows us to determine in database design: It allows the identification of entities
(resources), events that affect these resources, and agents (people or other entities) participating in
events. It helps in designing a database that reflects real-world economic activities.

Step 2

3. Multiplicity Analysis and Business Examples:

Multiplicity Analysis: Determines the number of instances of an entity that can be associated with
another entity.

Business Examples:

One-to-One Relationships: Passport and Person (each person has one passport).

One-to-Many Relationships: One university department has many professors.

Many-to-Many Relationships: Students can enroll in multiple courses, and courses can have multiple
students.
Common Relationship: One-to-Many relationships are most common.

Relational Database Handling: Relational databases handle One-to-Many relationships most easily.

Resolution of Many-to-Many Relationship: Resolved by introducing a junction table or associative


entity.

Explanation:
Role of multiplicity analysis: It helps define the cardinality and participation constraints between entities
in a relationship.

Real-world business examples:

One-to-One Relationship: A person may have one passport, and a passport is assigned to one person.

One-to-Many Relationship: A customer can place multiple orders, but an order is placed by only one
customer.

Many-to-Many Relationship: Students can enroll in multiple courses, and a course can have multiple
students.

Common and Relational Database Handling:

Common Relationship: One-to-Many relationships are most common.

Relational Database Handling: Relational databases handle One-to-Many relationships most easily.

Many-to-Many Relationship Resolution: Resolved by introducing a junction table that breaks down the
relationship into two One-to-Many relationships.
4. Cloud-Based Computer Systems:

Advantages:
Scalability: Easily scalable based on demand.

Cost Savings: Reduced hardware and maintenance costs.

Accessibility: Accessible from anywhere with an internet connection.

Collaboration: Facilitates collaboration and remote work.

Disadvantages:

Security Concerns: Data security and privacy issues.

Dependency on Internet: Relies on a stable internet connection.

Limited Customization: Some applications may have limitations on customization.

Downtime Concerns: Service outages can impact operations.

Explanation:

Advantages:

Scalability: Easily scale resources up or down based on demand.


Cost Savings: Often more cost-effective than maintaining on-premises hardware.

Accessibility: Accessible from anywhere with an internet connection.

Collaboration: Facilitates collaboration among distributed teams.

Disadvantages:

Security Concerns: Data security and privacy issues may arise.

Dependency on Internet: Relies on a stable internet connection.

Limited Customization: Some cloud services may have limitations on customization.

Downtime: Relies on the cloud service provider's uptime.

Answer

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP):

ERP stands for: Enterprise Resource Planning.


Five common ERP modules: Finance and Accounting, Human Resources, Supply Chain Management,
Sales and Marketing, Manufacturing/Production.

Advantages of relational database model: Flexibility, Data Integrity, Scalability, Normalization,


Complex Queries.

Resource-Event-Agent (REA):

REA stands for: Resource-Event-Agent.

REA modeling in database design: Identifies entities, events, and agents in real-world economic
activities.

Multiplicity Analysis in Database Design:

Role of multiplicity analysis: Defines cardinality and participation constraints.

Real-world examples: One-to-One (Person - Passport), One-to-Many (Customer - Order), Many-to-


Many (Student - Course).

Relational database handling: One-to-Many relationships are most common and handled most easily.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloud-Based Computer Systems:

Advantages: Scalability, Cost Savings, Accessibility, Collaboration.

Disadvantages: Security Concerns, Dependency on Internet, Limited Customization, Downtime.

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