Instruction book

High Speed Separator

PX 55

Product No. 881263-03-02/1

Book No. 587424-02 Rev. 3
Published By:
Alfa Laval Tumba AB
SE-147 80 Tumba, Sweden
Telephone: +46 8 530 650 00
Telefax: +46 8 530 310 40

© Alfa Laval Tumba AB 22 October 2009

This publication or any part there of may not be
reproduced or transmitted by any process or
means without prior written permission of
Alfa Laval Tumba AB.
 INSTRUCTION BOOK

1 Read This First .............................................................. .7

2 Safety Instructions ..................................................... .9

2.1 Warning signs in text ............................................. 14
2.2 Environmental issues ............................................ 15
2.3 Requirements of personnel.................................. 16

3 Basic Principles Of Separation ....................... .17

3.1 Separation By Gravity............................................ 17
3.2 Centrifugal Separation .......................................... 18
3.3 Temperatures ........................................................... 18

4 Design ............................................................................... .19

4.1 Overview .................................................................... 19
4.1.1 Mechanical power transmission .................................... 20
4.1.2 Motor ............................................................................. 21
4.1.3 Process main parts........................................................ 22
4.1.4 Operating water module compact (OWMC) ................. 26
4.1.5 Cyclone ......................................................................... 32
4.1.6 Flushing ......................................................................... 33
4.1.7 Jackets in separator frame ............................................ 34
4.2 Sensors....................................................................... 35
4.2.1 Check points ................................................................. 36
4.3 Separating Function ............................................... 38
4.3.1 Normal separation ......................................................... 38
4.3.2 Sediment discharge cycle............................................. 42
4.4 Factors influencing the separation result ...... 46
4.4.1 Interface position........................................................... 46
4.4.2 Size and shape of sediment particles ........................... 48
4.4.3 Phase proportions ......................................................... 48
4.4.4 Throughput .................................................................... 48
4.4.5 Properties of the sediment ............................................ 48
4.4.6 Disc stack...................................................................... 48
4.4.7 Sediment discharge ...................................................... 49
4.5 Sediment discharge interval ............................... 50
4.5.1 Different sediment discharge volumes.......................... 50
4.5.2 Time interval .................................................................. 50

5 Operating Instructions.......................................... .53

5.1 Operating routine .................................................... 53
5.1.1 Before first start ............................................................. 53
5.1.2 Bowl flushing ................................................................. 54
5.1.3 Ready for start ............................................................... 54
5.1.4 Start ............................................................................... 56
5.1.5 Running ......................................................................... 59
5.1.6 Normal stop ................................................................... 62
5.1.7 Emergency stop ............................................................ 63

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INSTRUCTION BOOK

6 Service, Dismantling, Assembly ..................... .65

6.1 Periodic Maintenance ............................................ 65
6.1.1 Maintenance intervals.................................................... 65
6.1.2 Maintenance procedures............................................... 65
6.1.3 Tightening of screws...................................................... 66
6.1.4 Service kits .................................................................... 66
6.1.5 Cleaning ........................................................................ 66
6.2 Maintenance Log ..................................................... 67
6.3 Dismantling ............................................................... 70
6.3.1 Introduction.................................................................... 70
6.3.2 Tools............................................................................... 71
6.3.3 Frame hood and outlet device....................................... 72
6.3.4 Inlet device .................................................................... 74
6.3.5 Bowl (standard) ............................................................. 77
6.3.6 Driving device vertical ................................................... 89
6.3.7 Horizontal driving device ............................................... 98
6.4 Actions Before Assembly ................................... 105
6.4.1 Cleaning .................................................................... 105
6.4.2 Inspection for corrosion ............................................. 106
6.4.3 Inspection for cracks ................................................. 107
6.4.4 Inspection for erosion ................................................ 108
6.4.5 Exchange of frame feet ............................................... 111
6.4.6 Bowl spindle taper and bowl body nave taper............ 113
6.4.7 Lock ring: wear and damage ...................................... 114
6.4.8 Guide surfaces ............................................................ 116
6.4.9 Lock ring; priming
(non-food applications only) ........................................ 117
6.4.10 Cyclone; seal rings ...................................................... 119
6.4.11 Cover with turning unit
(Centrizoom TM) .......................................................... 119
6.4.12 Lubrication of bowl parts ............................................. 120
6.4.13 Bowl hood seal ring ..................................................... 121
6.4.14 Seal ring....................................................................... 122
6.4.15 Distributor .................................................................... 123
6.4.16 Distributing cone ......................................................... 123
6.5 Common maintenance directions .................... 124
6.5.1 Ball and roller bearings................................................ 124
6.6 Assembly .................................................................. 128
6.6.1 Driving device horizontal ............................................. 128
6.6.2 Driving device vertical ................................................. 137
6.6.3 Inlet device .................................................................. 148
6.6.4 Bowl ............................................................................. 152
6.6.5 Outlet and frame hood................................................. 165
6.7 Actions after assembly ....................................... 171
6.7.1 Control of machine plates and safety labels .............. 171

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 INSTRUCTION BOOK

6.8 Oil Change ............................................................... 173

6.8.1 When changing oil....................................................... 173
6.8.2 Oil change procedure ................................................. 175
6.8.3 Lubrication chart, general ........................................... 176
6.8.4 Recommended lubricants ........................................... 178
6.8.5 Recommended lubricating oils ................................... 182
6.8.6 Recommended oil brands........................................... 183
6.9 Lifting instructions ............................................... 185
6.9.1 Lifting the separator .................................................... 185
6.9.2 Lifting the bowl ............................................................ 187
6.9.3 Other parts .................................................................. 188
6.10 Operating water module (OWMC) ................... 189
6.10.1 Dismantling (MS-service) ............................................ 190
6.10.2 Assembly (MS-service) .............................................. 192
6.10.3 Air tank ....................................................................... 193

7 Fault Finding ...............................................................195

7.1 Mechanical functions .......................................... 195
7.1.1 Smell............................................................................ 195
7.1.2 Noise ........................................................................... 195
7.1.3 Separator vibrates ....................................................... 196
7.1.4 Starting power too high ............................................... 196
7.1.5 Starting power too low ................................................. 197
7.1.6 Speed too low.............................................................. 197
7.1.7 Starting time too long .................................................. 197
7.1.8 Water in worm gear housing........................................ 197
7.2 Separating functions............................................ 198
7.2.1 Unsatisfactory separation result .................................. 198
7.2.2 Outgoing heavy phase contains light phase............... 198
7.2.3 Light phase discharges through heavy phase
outlet (broken liquid seal) ............................................ 199
7.2.4 Bowl fails to open for sediment discharge .................. 200
7.2.5 Bowl opens accidentally during operation .................. 200
7.2.6 Unsatisfactory sediment discharge............................. 201
7.2.7 Too much process liquid in sediment.......................... 201
7.2.8 High pressure in clean liquid outlet............................. 201
7.2.9 Liquid flows through the bowl casing drain
and/or sediment outlet................................................. 202
7.2.10 Air intermingles with the cleaned liquid ...................... 202
7.2.11 Bowl clogged with sediment ....................................... 202
7.2.12 OWMC related faults ................................................... 203

8 Technical Reference .............................................205

8.1 Product description .............................................. 205
8.2 Technical data ....................................................... 206
8.3 Connection List...................................................... 207

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INSTRUCTION BOOK

8.4 Interface Description ........................................... 210

8.4.1 Scope .......................................................................... 210
8.4.2 References................................................................... 210
8.4.3 Definitions .................................................................... 211
8.4.4 Goal ............................................................................. 211
8.4.5 Description of separator modes .................................. 212
8.4.6 Handling of connection interfaces............................... 213
8.5 Quality requirements ........................................... 225
8.5.1 Operating Water .......................................................... 225
8.5.2 Compressed Air........................................................... 226
8.6 Drawings .................................................................. 227
8.6.1 Basic size drawing ...................................................... 227
8.6.2 Foundation drawing ..................................................... 230
8.6.3 Interconnection diagram ............................................. 231
8.6.4 Electric motor............................................................... 232
8.6.5 Motor drive data .......................................................... 233
8.7 Guidelines for frequency converter drives ... 235
8.8 Dimensioning of a frequency converter......... 239
8.8.1 Dimensioning and programming of
a frequency converter ................................................. 239
8.8.2 Selecting the motor with correct voltage and
frequency for a variable frequency drive..................... 239
8.8.3 Dimensioning of a frequency converter for an
actual application ........................................................ 242
8.8.4 Programming the frequency converter........................ 243
8.8.5 Braking methods ......................................................... 244
8.9 Monitoring kit ......................................................... 247
8.9.1 Inductive sensor .......................................................... 248
8.9.2 Vibration sensor ........................................................... 249
8.9.3 Cover interlocking switch ............................................ 250
8.9.4 Pressure transmitter..................................................... 252
8.10 Paring disc characteristics................................ 253

9 Installation ................................................................. .255

9.1 Introduction............................................................. 255
9.1.1 Storage and transport of goods .................................. 256
9.1.2 Planning of installation ................................................. 258
9.1.3 Foundations ................................................................. 263
9.1.4 Protection and storage of goods ................................. 264
9.1.5 Maintenance service ................................................... 265
9.1.6 Connections to surrounding equipment ...................... 266
9.2 Storage at out of operation................................ 267
9.3 Before start-up ....................................................... 267

6
587424-02
INSTRUCTION BOOK 1 READ THIS FIRST

1 Read This First

This manual is designed for operators,
maintenance personnel and service engineers
working with the Alfa Laval PX 55 separator.

If the separator has been delivered and

installed by Alfa Laval as a part of a
processing system, this manual should be
viewed as part of the System Documentation.
Study carefully all instructions in any
System Documentation.

In addition to this Separator Manual a

Spare Parts Catalogue, SPC is supplied.

The Separator Manual consists of:

Safety Instructions
Pay special attention to the safety instructions
for the separator. Accidents causing damage to
equipment and/or serious injury to persons or
personnel can result if the safety instructions
are not followed.

Basic Principles of Separation

This chapter describes the purpose of separation
and separation principles.

Design and function

This chapter contains a description of the
separator.

Operating Instructions
This chapter contains operating instructions for
the separator only.

587424-02 7
INSTRUCTION BOOK 1 READ THIS FIRST

Service, Dismantling, Assembly

This chapter gives instructions for the
maintenance procedures. It also contains step-
by-step instructions for dismantling and
assembly of the separator for service and
repair.

Fault Finding
Refer to this chapter if the separator functions
abnormally.
If the separator has been installed as a part of a
processing system, always refer to the trouble-
tracing instructions, in the System
Documentation.

Technical Reference
This chapter contains technical data
concerning the separator and drawings.

Installation
This chapter contains specifications and
recommendations concerning separator
installation.

NOTE

A complete reading of this manual by personnel in

contact with the machine is essential to safety.
Do not allow personnel to clean, assemble, operate
or maintain the separator until they have read and
fully understood this manual.
Ensure that all personnel who operate and service
the separator are well-trained and knowledgeable
concerning the machine and the work to be carried
out.

8
587424-02
2 Safety Instructions

The centrifuge includes parts that rotate at

high speed. This means that:
• Kinetic energy is high
• Great forces are generated

G 0 0 10 42 1
• Stopping time is long

Manufacturing tolerances are extremely fine.

Rotating parts are carefully balanced to reduce
undesired vibrations that can cause a
breakdown. Material properties have been
considered carefully during design to withstand
stress and fatigue.
The separator is designed and supplied for a
specific separation duty (type of liquid,
rotational speed, temperature, density etc.) and
must not be used for any other purpose.
Incorrect operation and maintenance can result
in unbalance due to build-up of sediment,
reduction of material strength, etc., that
subsequently could lead to serious damage and/
or injury.
The following basic safety instructions
therefore apply:
• Use the separator only for the purpose and
parameter range specified by Alfa Laval.
• Strictly follow the instructions for installation,
operation and maintenance.
• Ensure that personnel are competent and
have sufficient knowledge of maintenance
and operation, especially concerning
emergency stopping procedures.
S0151211

• Use only Alfa Laval genuine spare parts and

the special tools supplied.

9
 2 Safety Instructions

Disintegration hazards

• When power cables are connected,

always check direction of motor rotation.
If incorrect, vital rotating parts could
unscrew.

S0 15 12 F 1
• If excessive vibration occurs, stop
separator and keep bowl filled with
liquid during rundown.

S0 15 12 N1
• Use the separator only for the purpose
and parameter range specified by
Alfa Laval.

S0 15 1 2P1
• Check that the gear ratio is correct for
power frequency used. If incorrect,
subsequent overspeed may result in a

S01 5 12 L1
serious break down.
• Since the separator is equipped with a
frequency controlled motor, it is
extremely important to ensure that the
motor speed does not exceed the
allowed maximum speed. A serious
break down may be the consequence.

• Wear on the large lock ring thread must

not exceed safety limit. φ-mark on lock
ring must not pass opposite φ-mark by
more than specified distance.
S01512G1

10
2 Safety Instructions

Disintegration hazards

• Welding or heating of parts that rotate

can seriously affect material strength.

S0 15 12 4 1
• Inspect regularly for corrosion and
erosion damage. Inspect frequently if
process liquid is corrosive or erosive.

S0 15 12 H1
Crush hazards

• Use correct lifting tools and follow lifting

instructions.

S01 5 12 M1
Do not work under a hanging load.

S0 15 12 Y1

Skin irritation hazards

• When using chemical cleaning agents,

make sure you follow the general rules
and suppliers recommendation
regarding ventilation, personnel
S01 5 12 D1

protection etc.
• Use of lubricants in various situations.

11
 2 Safety Instructions

Cut hazards

• Sharp edges on bowl discs and threads

can cause cuts.

S01 5 12 B 1
Flying objects

• Risk for accidental release of snap rings

and springs when dismantling and
assembly.

S0 15 1 2C1
Entrapment hazards

• Make sure that rotating parts have come

to a complete standstill before starting
any dismantling work.
S 01 51 2O 1

• To avoid accidental start, switch off and

lock power supply before starting any
dismantling work.
S0 15 12 6 1

Assemble the machine completely

before start. All covers and guards must
be in place.

12
2 Safety Instructions

Electrical hazard

• Follow local regulations for electrical

installation and earthing (grounding).
• To avoid accidental start, switch off and

S01 51 2 71
lock power supply before starting any
dismantling work.

Noise hazards

• Use ear protection in noisy

environments.

S0 15 12 9 1
Burn hazards

• Lubrication oil and various machine

surfaces can be hot and cause burns.

S 0 1 51 2A 1

Health hazard

• Risk for unhealthy dust when handling

friction blocks/pads. Use a dust mask to
make sure not to inhale any dust.
S01512V1

13
 2 Safety Instructions

2.1 Warning signs in text

Pay attention to the safety instructions in this
manual. Below are definitions of the three
grades of warning signs used in the text where
there is a risk for injury to personnel.

GE R
! DAN

DANGER indicates an imminently

hazardous situation which, if not avoided,
will result in death or serious injury.

ING
WARN
!

WARNING indicates a potentially

hazardous situation which, if not avoided,
could result in death or serious injury.

ON
CAUTI
!

CAUTION indicates a potentially

hazardous situation which, if not avoided,
may result in minor or moderate injury.

NOTE

NOTE indicates a potentially hazardous

situation which, if not avoided, may result
in property damage.

14
2 Safety Instructions

2.2 Environmental issues

Unpacking
Packing material consists of wood, plastics,
cardboard boxes and in some cases metal
straps.
Wood and cardboard boxes can be reused,
recycled or used for energy recovery.
Plastics should be recycled or burnt at a
licensed waste incineration plant.
Metal straps should be sent for material
recycling.

Maintenance
During maintenance oil and wear parts in the
machine are replaced.
Oil must be taken care of in agreement with
local regulations.
Rubber and plastics should be burnt at a
licensed waste incineration plant. If not
available they should be disposed to a suitable
licensed land fill site.
Bearings and other metal parts should be sent
to a licensed handler for material recycling.
Seal rings should be disposed to a licensed land
fill site. Check your local regulations.
Worn out or defected electronic parts should be
sent to a licensed handler for material
recycling.

15
 2 Safety Instructions

2.3 Requirements of
personnel
Only skilled or instructed persons are
allowed to operate the machine, e.g. operating
and maintenance staff.
• Skilled person: A person with technical
knowledge or sufficient experience to enable
him or her to perceive risks and to avoid
hazards which electricity/mechanics can
create.
• Instructed person: A person adequately
advised or supervised by a skilled person to
enable him or her to perceive risks and to
avoid hazards which electricity/mechanics
can create.
In some cases special skilled personnel may
need to be hired, like electricians and others. In
some of these cases the personnel has to be
certified according to local regulations with
experience of similar types of work.

16
INSTRUCTION BOOK 3 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SEPARATION

3 Basic Principles Of Separation

The purpose of separation can be to

• free a liquid of solid particles,

• separate two mutually insoluble liquids
with different densities while removing
any solids present at the same time,
• separate and concentrate solid particles
from a liquid.

3.1 Separation By Gravity

A liquid mixture in a stationary bowl will clear
slowly as the heavy particles in the liquid
mixture sink to the bottom under the influence
of gravity.
A lighter liquid rises while a heavier liquid and
solids sink.

G 08 70 11 1
Continuous separation and sedimentation can be
achieved in a settling tank having outlets
arranged according to the difference in density of
the liquids.
Heavier particles in the liquid mixture will settle Gravity
and form a sediment layer on the tank bottom.

Lighter
liquid
Heavier
liquid Sediment layer of
heavier particles
G 0 87 02 1 1

587424-02 17
INSTRUCTION BOOK 3 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SEPARATION

3.2 Centrifugal Separation

In a rapidly rotating bowl, the force of gravity
is replaced by centrifugal force, which is many Lighter liquid
times greater. Heavier liquid

Separation and sedimentation is continuous

and takes place very quickly.
The centrifugal force in the separator bowl can
achieve in a few seconds that which takes many
hours in a tank under influence of gravity.
The separation efficiency is influenced by
changes in the oil viscosity, separating
temperatures and in throughput.

G 0 87 03 1 1
Centrifugal force

3.3 Temperatures
For some types of process liquids a high
separating temperature will normally
increase the separation capacity. The
temperature influences oil viscosity and
density and should be kept constant
throughout the separation.

Viscosity Density difference

Viscosity is a fluids resistance against movement. Density is mass per volume unit. The greater the density
Low viscosity facilitates separation. Viscosity can be difference between the two liquids, the easier the
reduced by heating. separation. The density difference can be increased by
heating.

Low density difference

G 0 88 6 01 1
G 08 85 91 1

High density difference.

High viscosity Low viscosity

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INSTRUCTION BOOK 4 DESIGN

4 Design

220

221

Motor OWMC

G 08 70 6 S 1
201

4.1 Overview Heavier sediment is also separated out of the

liquid.
The separator comprises a processing part and
a driving part. It is driven by an electric motor. The bowl is fitted on the upper part of the
The motor is flanged to the frame. vertical spindle and rotates at high speed. The
bowl also contains the discharge mechanism
The bottom part of the separator contains the which empties sediment from the bowl.
horizontal driving device, driving shaft with a
flexible coupling, a worm gear and a vertical An operating water module, abbreviated
driving device. The bowl spindle is hollow and OWMC, initiates the sludge discharges for the
its lower end is connected to the liquid inlet separator. With the OWMC the discharge
(201). volumes can be regulated.

The bottom part also contains an oil bath for The inlet for the liquid to separate and the
the worm gear. separated liquid outlets are shown with
connection numbers in the illustration (201,
The upper part of the separator contains the 220 & 221). The separator is also provided with
processing parts, the bowl and the outlet device connections for supply of operating liquid,
with Centrizoom™. flushing liquid and cooling/heating liquid. The
connections are further described in chapter
The liquid is separated into two phases in the
‘‘8.3 Connection List” on page 207 and ‘‘8.6.1
separator bowl, one light liquid phase and one
Basic size drawing” on page 227.
heavy liquid phase.

587424-02 19
INSTRUCTION BOOK 4 DESIGN

4.1.1 Mechanical power

transmission

G 06 77 4T 1
The motor rotates the bowl via the flexible
coupling and the worm gear.
The worm gear has a ratio which increases the
bowl speed several times compared with the
motor speed. For correct ratio see chapter ‘‘8.2
Technical data” on page 206.
To reduce bearing wear and the transmission of
bowl vibrations to the frame and foundation,
the top bearing of the bowl spindle is mounted
in a bearing support with rubber buffers.
The worm wheel runs in a lubricating oil bath.
The bearings on the spindle and the worm
wheel shaft are lubricated by the oil splash
produced by the rotating worm wheel.
To keep the oil temperature low, a cooling coil is
installed in the worm gear housing.

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4 DESIGN INSTRUCTION BOOK

4.1.2 Motor

Frequency drive motor

The separator is direct driven by the motor, and
for this reason the motor must be able to
endure long run-up times. For this purpose this
separator is equipped with a frequency drive
motor, see ‘‘8.6.4 Electric motor” on page 232.
This motor is similar to a standard three phase
motor. The long running up time is, however,
controlled by a frequency converter, see ‘‘8.7
Guidelines for frequency converter drives” on
page 235.

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INSTRUCTION BOOK 4 DESIGN

4.1.3 Process main parts

Light phase outlet 220

Paring chamber
Adjusting part (Centrizoom™)

Heavy phase outlet 221 Upper paring chamber cover

Paring tube Outlet housing
Height adjusting rings Small lock ring
Paring chamber Lower paring chamber cover
Paring disc
Bowl hood
Distributor
Wing crown Top disc

Cap nut Disc stack

Large lock ring

Bowl body
Distributing cone
Seal ring

Sediment port

Sediment space Sliding bowl bottom

Drain channel

Operating slide Valve plug

Operating ring
Nozzle Hydraulic ring
G 1 01 1 96 1
201

Unseparated liquid inlet

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4 DESIGN INSTRUCTION BOOK

Inlet device
The inlet for product (201) is located in bottom
of the separator. The product is led via the
hollow bowl spindle up into the bowl.
The rotating bowl spindle and the non-rotating
inlet housing are sealed by a mechanical shaft
seal. The main parts of the seal are rotating
wear rings and non-rotating seal rings.
To reduce the friction between the rings, these
must always be in contact with liquid when the Bowl spindle
bowl rotates. The seal is therefore supplied
with sealing liquid (connections 615 & 616).
Separators with bowl flushing water have
connection 615 common with connection 204
and no outlet (616). See further in chapters ‘‘8.3 seal

Connection List” on page 207 and ‘‘8.6.1 Basic

size drawing” on page 227.
The bowl flushing water is fed into the bowl
between the distributing cone and the sliding
bowl bottom via the bowl spindle. The water is
Inlet housing
mixed with the heavy phase liquid which
implies that the heavy phase will get more
homogeneous and the separation efficiency
improved.

G 08 35 7Z 1

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INSTRUCTION BOOK 4 DESIGN

Outlet device
The outlet device consists of the following
parts:
• The outlet for heavy liquid phase (221). This
comprises the Centrizoom™ which consists
of the adjusting part and the three adjustable
paring tubes located in the upper paring
chamber. The tubes are connected to the
holder which can regulate the radius of the
paring pipes via the adjusting part during
operation. The Centrizoom™ unit is further
described on page 38.
• The outlet for light liquid phase (220). This
comprises the paring disc which is located
in the lower paring chamber in the top of the
bowl.
The paring disc serves as a stationary
discharge pump. The paring disc dips radially
into the rotating liquid which then is pared out.
To prevent aeration of the separated liquid it is
important that the paring disc is covered to a
certain extent, which is regulated by the back
pressure of the light phase liquid outlet.
The outlet device is held together by the outlet

G0631031
pipe threading which is fixed to the paring disc.
O-rings seal the connections between the parts.
Paring disc (discharge pump) for light phase liquid
The outlet housing is fastened to the separator
frame hood. Height adjusting rings under the
housing determine the height position of the
paring pipes and paring disc in the paring
chambers.

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587424-02
4 DESIGN INSTRUCTION BOOK

Separator bowl
The separator bowl with its sediment discharge
mechanism is built-up as follows:
The bowl body and bowl hood are held together
by the large lock ring. Inside the bowl are the
distributing cone, the distributor and the disc
stack. The disc stack is kept compressed by the
bowl hood. The sliding bowl bottom forms an
internal separate bottom in the bowl.
The bowl top is covered by the upper paring
chamber cover which is tightened to the bowl
hood by the small lock ring.
The sediment space is the space between the
sliding bowl bottom and the bowl hood in the
bowl periphery. It is kept closed by the sliding
bowl bottom which seals against a seal ring in
the bowl hood.
Sediment discharge mechanism
At intervals decided by the operator, the sliding
bowl bottom drops to empty the sediment from
the bowl.
The sediment discharge mechanism, which
controls the sliding bowl bottom, comprises the
operating slide and the operating liquid device
consisting of an operating ring; hydraulic ring
and a control paring disc. Passive parts are the
nozzle and the drain valve plugs. The operating
liquid device supplies discharge and make-up
water to the discharge mechanism via the
control paring disc.
The discharge liquid is injected by the
operating water module (OWMC), which is
further described next.
A closer description of the sediment discharge
mechanism can be found in ‘‘4.3.2 Sediment
discharge cycle” on page 42.

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INSTRUCTION BOOK 4 DESIGN

4.1.4 Operating water module

compact (OWMC)

Purpose
The separator bowl can be emptied from solids
by two different sediment discharge volumes
determined by the duration of the increased
operating liquid flow from the Operating Water
Module Compact (OWMC), i.e. the time the
bowl is open. The two discharge volumes may
be regarded as small and large respectively. See
‘‘4.5.1 Different sediment discharge volumes”
on page 50 for a further description.

Design
1. Check valve
2. Two-step adapter
3. Water cylinder
4. Piston
5. Servo valve
6. Air reservoir
7. Silencer
8. Needle valve

375. Inlet of discharge and make-up liquid to OWMC

506a. Air supply into air reservoir

506b. Signal air, small discharge
506c. Signal air, large discharge

A. Outlet of discharge and make-up liquid from

OWMC to bowl

The OWMC is designed as a stainless steel

construction consisting of an air reservoir (6), a
water cylinder (3) with piston (4) and a servo
valve (5). The module is equipped with
connections for air supply (506a) and signal air
(506b and c).
The OWMC is also equipped with a needle
valve (8) for regulating of air flow for the small
G 0 8 77 94 1

discharge and a silencer (7).

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4 DESIGN INSTRUCTION BOOK

The OWMC gives a two-step flow which implies

that the liquid flows into a one channel system
in two steps, see the illustration below. The
first step creates a high liquid flow which
triggers a sediment discharge and the second
step (with a lower flow) will allow the bowl to
close while closing (make-up) liquid is added to
the bowl. The flow between the two steps is
very low.

Flow

Discharge water

Closing water

Time

Working principle
Introduction
The OWMC is working as an integrated part of
the operating water system in this separator. It
creates an instant increase in the liquid flow to
the separator discharge mechanism which will
initiate the sediment discharge. A complete
sediment discharge cycle is described in section
‘‘4.3.2 Sediment discharge cycle” on page 42.
G0878411
Compressed air from the control air system
(506) is reduced in an air pressure regulator
(11). From the regulator the air is supplied 4. Piston
5. Servo valve
directly into the air reservoir (6) via connection
6. Air reservoir
(506a). 7. Silencer
The signal air (connections 506b and c) is 8. Needle valve
controlled by solenoid valves (10), see the 10. Solenoid valve
illustration. When signal air is supplied to the 11. Air filter regulator with pressure indicator
servo valve (5), the piston inside the valve is 12. Control cabinet in safe area
moved to one side and air is supplied into the
reservoir under the piston (4). The piston (4) 506. Pressurized air inlet (~7 bar)
moves upwards and presses the liquid inside 506a. Air supply into air reservoir
506b. Signal air, small discharge
the water cylinder into the operating liquid 506c. Signal air, large discharge
system in the bowl bottom.

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Initiating a large sediment discharge

A
When the solenoid valve for a large discharge
activates inlet (506c), air is fed into the left side
of the servo valve (5) during a period of about 5
seconds. The piston inside the valve moves to
the right and the supply air (506a) in the air
reservoir (6) flows up into the space under the
piston (4) which then moves the piston
upwards. The movement of the piston increases
1
the flow of liquid (A) to the bowl discharge
mechanism in order to open the bowl. The
check valve (1) ensures that no water flows
back to the liquid supply system.
The air reservoir (6) acts as a buffer in order to
supply sufficient of air to the cylinder under the
piston during the sediment discharge cycle.

4
506c
5

506a 6

G 0 87 85 9 1
Operating liquid is supplied into the separator bowl

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When the solenoid valve for the signal air

(506c) is deactivated, the piston in the servo
valve (5) moves to its neutral position and air
in the cylinder under the piston (4) is drained
by the servo valve out through the silencer (7). 375
The operating liquid supply from the liquid
supply system (375) presses the piston (4) back 1
to its original bottom position.

506a 6

G 08 78 5A 1
7
Operating liquid is supplied into the OWMC from the
liquid supply system (375)

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Initiating a small discharge

When the solenoid valve for a small discharge
activates inlet (506b), air is fed into the right
side of the servo valve (5) during a period of
about 5 seconds. The piston inside the valve
moves to the left and air is supplied into the
cylinder below the piston (4) via the valve. The
air flow is reduced when it passes the needle
valve (8).
A reduced air flow will result in a lower flow of
operating liquid into the bowl. This liquid is
continuously drained from the bowl. Because of
the lower flow, a larger amount of operating
liquid will be drained out from the bowl before
sufficient volume of the liquid has been built up
to create a sediment discharge. This implies
that the time the bowl is open for a sediment
discharge is shorter which will give a smaller
amount of discharged sediment i.e. small
discharge.

G 0 87 85 C1

Operating liquid is supplied into the centrifuge bowl

with a lower flow

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Settings
Start to set the large discharge volume.
Proceed in following way:
1 Set the air pressure regulator (11) to 200 kPa
(2 bar).
2 Initiate a discharge by opening solenoid
valve for air supply inlet (506c).
3 Measure the discharged volume.
4 Adjust the discharged volume by altering the
pressure of the compressed air. A higher
pressure gives a larger volume. The air
pressure can be regulated between
2 - 6 bar.

G0878411
Continue with the small discharge in following
way:
1 Open the needle valve (8) 3 turns.
2 Initiate a discharge by opening solenoid
valve for air supply inlet (506b).
3 Measure the discharged volume.
The recommended volume for a small
discharge is the sediment space volume of
the bowl given in ‘‘8.2 Technical data” on
page 206.
4 Adjust the discharged volume by regulating
the needle valve. A more open valve (anti-
clockwise) gives a larger volume.

NOTE

Do not adjust the air pressure to change the

volume for the small discharge. If doing so, the
volumes for both large and small discharges
will be changed.
The needle valve only sets the ratio between the
large and small discharges.

NOTE

The separator bowl must not be discharged

with a too small volume as this leads to build-up
of sediment in the sediment space as well as in
the disc stack resulting in an impaired
separation efficiency.

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4.1.5 Cyclone
When accumulated sediment in the bowl is
discharged, it leaves the bowl at high speed. To
prevent reaction forces on the separator this
speed must be reduced before the sediment
leaves the separator. This is done in the outlet
cyclone where the sediment will rotate while its
speed is gradually reduced by the wall friction
until its speed is low enough to be discharged
by gravity by outlet 222.
When the sediment is suddenly discharged into
the cyclone there will be a positive gas pressure
shock in the cyclone and a corresponding
negative pressure shock in bowl enclosure

G 09 64 33 1
because a certain volume of material is
suddenly moved from one region to another.
After the discharge the pressure will be
equalized by back flow of gas from the cyclone
to the bowl enclosure. This back flow will
contain some sediment that might cause build
up of sediment deposits on the surfaces in the
bowl cover. A part of the pressure shock will
also go out by the connection 222 into the
external sediment receiving system where it
can damage the system or spread aerosols to
the surroundings.
The cyclone is equipped with one blocked
connections at the top. It can be used for
ventilation of the cyclone which will reduce the
pressure shock at a sediment discharge. If the
cyclone is full and the discharged sediment can
not leave the bowl enclosure then the rotating
bowl can hit the discharged sediment which
will cause the separator to stop by overload
and/or vibration that might damage the
equipment.

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4.1.6 Flushing
To avoid sediment deposits inside the bowl
enclosure, the separator is equipped with
several flushing possibilities. Possibility to
connect flushing (normally plugged) at the top
of the separator (connection 302), to give a
spray that hits the outside of the bowl. By the
bowl rotation the liquid is thrown to the inside
of the frame hood which then will be cleaned.
Another nozzle is placed in the sediment
channel (connection 304) to clean this channel
and one nozzle is placed below the bowl
(connection (303) to clean the inside of the
frame top part and outside of bowl.

G 0 96 4 34 1
How to use the flushing possibilities depends
on the process and the properties of the
product. In many cases no flushing at all is
needed. In other cases it is only done at CIP
(cleaning in place) and in some cases both at
production and CIP.
Normally flushing is done in connection with
discharges. A typical sequence is that a few
seconds flush is given to wet the surfaces just
before the discharge. When the main part of the
discharged sediment has drained from the
cyclone a new flush is done to remove the final
part of the sediment. Possibly another flush can
be done after a new draining period. If the
separator is supervised by a control system
which controls the flushing the timers ought to
be adjustable so the flushing can be adapted to
suit the actual requirements.
When making a flush it could be possible to
feed flushing liquid to all flushing connections
at the same time. To minimize the flushing
liquid consumption and dilution of the
discharged sediment it is however of advantage
if the different flushing points could be
controlled individually.

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4.1.7 Jackets in separator frame

The frame top part and the frame hood are
equipped with jackets connected in series with
the inlet at connection 405 and the outlet at
connection 406. There are several purposes
with these jackets. One purpose is noise
suppression as a filled jacket will work as a
sound barrier. Another purpose is to cool the
bowl. When the bowl is rotating it is heated up
by air friction. If the bowl is operating without
feed and with no flow in the jackets then the
temperature might increase to a higher level
than the design temperature for the bowl which
means that it can be damaged. For this reason
there is a time limitation given in chapter
Technical data for running with no flow in the
bowl. This limitation is valid if the bowl is at
ambient temperature when the time
calculation starts. If cooling liquid is supplied

G 0 96 4 52 1
to the jacket then the risk of getting too high
bowl temperature is reduced. If the flow of
cooling liquid is supervised then the time can
be prolonged.
The purpose of cooling with the jackets can also
be to prevent sediment on the inside surfaces of
the bowl enclosure to dry and build up deposits
on these surfaces. Still another purpose of
cooling is to cool or avoid unnecessary heating
up of the discharged sediment if this is
temperature sensitive (e.g. biotech
applications).
The jackets can also be used to heat the
discharged sediment if this is needed to keep
the viscosity low or avoid solidifying. In such
cases the time for running in stand-by without
flow in the bowl must be reduced and if jacket
temperature is close to bowl design
temperature no such running is allowed.
The jackets are not designed for high pressure
which means that only low back pressure or no
back pressure at all can be applied on the
jacket outlet. If too high back pressure is used
it can deform and damage the separator. See
requirements/limits in chapter ‘‘8.3 Connection
List” on page 207 for further information.

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4.2 Sensors
Speed sensor Vibration sensor
The proximity speed sensor is of inductive type, giving a The vibration sensor is of accelerometer type.
number of pulses per revolution of the spindle shaft. The When any of the two limit values is exceeded appropriate
number of pulses is stated in chapter Connection List. The countermeasures should be undertaken. The two levels are
bowl speed may also be calculated from the gear ratio and warning for unacceptable vibrations and safety stop
the r/minute of the motor shaft. respectively in case of extreme unbalance. The vibration
During normal operation the speed is allowed to vary within levels are further described in chapter Interface Description.
speed limits described in chapter Interface Description.
Cover interlocking switch
Temperature sensor
The cover of the separator is equipped with an interlocking
See page 215 and 207 switch. When cover is closed the interlocking circuit in the
control system is closed which makes it possible to start the
Pressure transmitter separator.
For technical references see page 252.

Cover interlocking switch, See page 250

Speed sensor, see page 248

Pressure
transmitter
see page
252

G 0 8 70 0J 1
Vibration
sensor
See page
249

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4.2.1 Check points

Speed sensor
• Check that the electrical cables and
connections are not damaged.
• Check the clearance, 2 + 0,5 mm according
to the drawing.
• Check that the sensor and its bracket are
well attached. The tightening torque of the
nuts fixing the sensor in the bracket are 50
Nm.

Vibration sensor
• Check that the electrical cables and
connections are not damaged.
• Check that the sensor is well attached to the
frame. If the sensor has to be tightened:
– check that the contact surfaces on the
sensor and separator frame are clean.
– Tighten torque when mounting the sensor:
35 Nm.

Pressure transmitter
• Check that the electrical cables and
connections are not damaged.

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Cover interlocking kit

• Check that the electrical cables and
connections are not damaged.
• Check that the screws fixing the switch to the
frame are tightened.
• When the button is pushed, check that the
brown and blue wires are short-circuited and
the two black wires are open circuit.

Check also the reverse when the button not

pressed.

See the illustration for exact measurement

when the button is operated.

Contact closed

Contact open

For technical references see ‘‘8.9 Monitoring

G 05 4 81 41
kit” on page 247 and ‘‘8.9.3 Cover interlocking
switch” on page 250.

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4.3 Separating Function

4.3.1 Normal separation

G0503761

Centrifugal force Bowl parts

D1 Diameter of inner outlet (same as

Process liquid D1 the hole diameter in the neck of
the top disc)
D2 Diameter of outer outlet (same as
Heavy liquid phase D2 twice the radius of the paring
tubes)

Light liquid phase D3 D3 Diameter of interface

Sediment (solids)

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Purifier bowl (two liquid outlets)

Unseparated liquid (201) is fed into the bowl
through the bowl spindle and is forced via the
distributor towards the periphery of the bowl.
When the liquid reaches slots in the base of the
distributor, it will rise through the channels
formed by the disc stack where it is evenly
distributed and divided among the interspaces
between the bowl discs, where the liquid
phases are separated from each other by action
of the centrifugal force.
The heavy phase and any sediment move along
the underside of the bowl discs towards the
periphery of the bowl, where the sediment
accumulates in the sediment space. The heavy
phase proceeds along the upper side of the top
disc towards the neck of the bowl hood and
leaves the bowl via the three adjustable paring
tubes - the outer way (dark coloured in
illustration on previous page).
The light phase moves along the upper side of
the bowl discs towards the bowl centre and
leaves the bowl via the hole in the top disc neck
and the paring disc - the inner way (light
coloured in the illustration on previous page).

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Position of interface
An interface (1) must be formed between the
light and heavy phases in the bowl. In order to
achieve optimum separation, the interface
must be maintained in the correct position,
which is between the disc stack and the outer
edge of the top disc. If the interface moves
outside the outer edge of the top disc the liquid
seal will break and light phase will be
discharged with the heavy phase. An interface

G0047061
positioned inside the disc stack will cause bad
separation results.
Where the interface is formed is dependent on Interface position (1)
the difference of specific gravities between the
heavy and light phases and the viscosity of the
heavy phase.
The position of the interface can be adjusted by
altering the pressure balance of the liquid
phases inside the separator. That is done by
altering the back pressure in the light phase
outlet and/or altering the radius of the paring
tubes in the heavy phase chamber. The paring
tubes are parts of the Centrizoom™ which is
further described below.

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Centrizoom™
For the heavy phase outlet, this separator is
equipped with a Centrizoom™ unit. This
makes it possible to regulate the position of the
light-heavy liquid interface during operation by
turning the knob (2). The knob can be set in
seven different positions (1-7). When altering
the knob position the end position of the
working range for the rotary actuator (3) is
altered and the paring tubes (4) move outwards
or inwards via the transmission in the gear
case (1) and turning socket (6).
The liquid interface position moves in
accordance with the movement of the paring

G 0 66 8 32 1
tubes. The knob in position 1 gives the
innermost position of the paring tubes and is
used during sediment discharges. The other A. Radius of paring tubes
positions (2-7) are used during normal
1. Gear case
processing. 2. Turning knob
3. Rotary actuator
The different positions of the turning knob give
4. Paring tube
following radius (A) of the paring tubes:. 5. Paring tube holder
6. Turning socket

Knob position Paring tube

radius (mm)
1 54,0
2 55,4
3 58,1
4 61,5
5 64,9
6 67,6
7 69,0
G 08 35 62 1

1. Tooth segment
2. Spur gear

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4.3.2 Sediment discharge cycle

The illustrations in this description of a sediment discharge cycle are of a general nature and
do not necessarily correspond exactly to the actual bowl
.

R1
R2

10

11
12

20

19
13

G 09 6 48 E 1
375 R3
S01240C1
S0124051

Operating liquid (375) Sediment

Closed bowl (normal operation) The operating liquid exerts an upward pressure
Discharge of the solids takes place through a on the sliding bowl bottom (12) exceeding the
number of slots or ports (11) in the bowl counter-acting downward pressure from the
wall. Between discharges, these ports are process liquid, because the underside of the
closed by a large valve slide, the so-called sliding bowl bottom has a larger pressure surface
sliding bowl bottom (12), which constitutes (radius R1) than its upper side (radius R2).
an inner bottom in the separating space. The
Operating liquid (375) is supplied at the
sliding bowl bottom is forced upwards
underside of the bowl through a paring disc
against a seal ring (10) by the liquid force
device. Leakage or evaporation of operating
acting on its underside.
liquid is made up for automatically by the paring
The operating slide (13) is pressed upwards disc, which maintains a constant operating
by the hydraulic force and the valve plugs liquid level (radius R3) as its pumping effect
(19) then cover the drain channels (20). counter balances the static pressure from the
supply. During a sediment ejection, this feed of
During rotation, the pressure of the liquid
operating liquid continues even during the
increases with the distance from the axis of
ejection cycle described in the following
rotation because of the centrifugal force.
illustrations.

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12

20

19
13

G 0 96 48 F1
18 375 R3

Bowl opens for discharge

Pressurized operating liquid injected by the
OWMC is now supplied at a higher rate of flow
for a number of seconds (see ‘‘4.1.4 Operating
water module compact (OWMC)” on page 26 for
a further description). The liquid flows to the
chamber (radius R3) and through a channel up
to the upper side of the operating slide (13).
When the liquid flows out towards the
operating slide periphery it is throttled by a
nozzle (18).
The operating liquid pressure on the upper side
of the operating slide (before the nozzle)
overcomes the hydraulic force and the
operating slide is pressed downwards. The
valve plugs (19) open and the closing liquid
drains out via the drain channels (20) as
illustrated on next page.

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11

12

20

19
13

G 09 64 8G 1
18 375 R3

When the valve plugs (19) are opened, the

operating liquid pressure on the underside of
the sliding bowl bottom (12) is reduced. The
sliding bowl bottom is pressed downwards,
thereby uncovering the sediment ports (11) in
the bowl wall through which the sediment
discharges.

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12

20

19
13

G 09 64 8H 1
18 375

Bowl closes after discharge

After that the injection of operating liquid by
the OWMC has ended and most of the liquid
has been drained from the upper side of the
operating slide (13) via the nozzle (18), the
forces directed upwards on the operating slide
from the hydraulic force move the operating
slide upwards.
The drain channels (20) are closed by the drain
valve plugs (19) and the increasing force from
the operating liquid presses the sliding bowl
bottom (12) upwards. The bowl closes and the
sediment discharge has been accomplished.The
remaining opening water above the operating
slide leaves the separator.

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4.4 Factors influencing

the separation result

4.4.1 Interface position

A. Correct interface position

B. Wrong interface position - broken liquid seal

C. Wrong interface position - bad separation

G0011721

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Factors influencing the interface position

1 Density differences and throughput
Phases with small density differences, as well
as high throughput, will position the liquid
interface closer to the bowl periphery than if
the phases have great density differences.

G0011831
A. Small density differences/high throughput
B. Great density differences/low throughput

2 Paring tube radius

To compensate for the above factors the
interface is adjusted to a correct position by
altering the radius of the paring tubes
regulated by the Centrizoom™. Increasing the
radius will move the interface towards the bowl
periphery whereas decreasing the radius will
move the interface closer to the bowl centre.

A. Paring tubes with great radius

G0011961
B. Paring tubes with small radius

3 Excessive back pressure

Excessively high back pressure in the light
phase outlet prevents the light phase from
being pumped out. The interface position will
move outwards towards the bowl periphery.
The effect is a wrong interface position, which
may cause broken liquid seal.
G0012021

A. Excessive back pressure

B. Normal back pressure

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4.4.2 Size and shape of sediment

particles
The round and smooth sediment particle (A) is x
more easily separated out than the irregular A
one (B).
Rough treatment, for instance in pumps, may B
cause a splitting of the particles resulting in
slower separation. Larger particles (1) are more
easily separated out than smaller ones (2) even
if they have the same density.

y
4.4.3 Phase proportions

G0613321
An increased quantity of heavier phase in a 2 1
process liquid will influence the separating 1. Large particle
result through the optimum transporting 2. Small particle
capacity of the disc set. An increased A. Smooth particle
B. Irregular particle
concentration in the process liquid can be x. Throughput
compensated by reducing the throughput in y. Particle size
order to restore the optimum separating
efficiency.

4.4.4 Throughput
The throughput depends on the separating
ability and the sediment space volume of the
bowl relative to the concentration, particle size,
density and viscosity of the process liquid.

4.4.5 Properties of the sediment

Some types of sediment can through adhesion
form deposits in the bowl, thereby reducing the
G0677541

separating efficiency. In such cases the cleaning

procedure after separation must be adjusted.
The sediment space in separator bowl

4.4.6 Disc stack

A neglected disc stack – containing deformed
discs or discs coated with deposits – will impair
the separating result.

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4.4.7 Sediment discharge

With a high content of solids in the process
liquid discharges are required at shorter
intervals. An overfilled sediment space impairs
the quality of the separated liquid. However,
keep the discharge within the min. and max.
time stated in chapter ‘‘8.2 Technical data” on
page 206. How to calculate the discharge
interval is described in ‘‘4.5 Sediment discharge
interval” on page 50.

G0677731
Never overfill the sediment space

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4.5 Sediment discharge

interval

4.5.1 Different sediment discharge

volumes
The separator is of a controlled partial-
discharge type. The bowl of the separator can
be emptied from solids by two different
sediment discharge volumes determined by the
duration of the increased operating liquid flow
from the operating water module (OWMC), i.e.
the time the bowl is being open.
The volume of the sediment discharge has to be
chosen in accordance with the process condition
and the prevailing process flow. The following
exemplifies the difference between two
different sediment discharge volumes.

G0830811
• A normal sediment discharge is represented
by the volume (X). This discharge may be
regarded as “small” and should as a rule be Small discharge volume
used in order to avoid loss of process liquid.
• A sediment discharge used during e.g. a
stand by program is represented by the
volume (Y). This discharge may be regarded
as “large” and is used for obtaining a large
discharge volume from the separator bowl.
The operating water module (OWMC) is
described in ‘‘4.1.4 Operating water module
compact (OWMC)” on page 26.
G0830821

Large discharge volume

4.5.2 Time interval

The appropriate time to be chosen between
sediment discharges depends on local
conditions because many factors influence
accumulation and hardening of sediment
between discharges. However, keep the
discharge interval within the min. and max.
time stated in chapter Technical data.

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Long intervals between sediment discharges

can cause accumulation and compaction of
sediment. The sediment may then break-up
unevenly on discharge and cause the bowl to
become unbalanced. If such unbalance is too
large, there is risk of serious separator damage
and injury to personnel.

ING
WARN
!

Disintegration Hazards
Ensure that correct discharge intervals and
cleaning procedures are used.
Unbalance due to improper discharge of
solids may lead to solids accumulation and
unbalance which may lead to contact between
rotating and non-rotating parts.

If the solids content of the process liquid

expressed in per cent by volume of wet
sediment is known or can be established (for
instance in a test-tube centrifuge), the formula
below can serve as a guidance for the selection
of sediment ejection intervals.

t = Theoretic maximum time in minutes

between two ejections.
p = Percent by volume of wet sediment in the
process liquid.

G0697931
Q = Throughput in litres/hour.
V = The sediment volume (in litres or dm3) 1. Total sediment space volume
which may be allowed to accumulate in V. Allowed sediment volume
the bowl without impairing the
separating result or without packing too
firmly. As a rule, “V” should be maximum
three quarters of the sediment space
volume, calculated from the outer edge of
the top disc. The sediment space volume
can be found in chapter Technical data.

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5 Operating Instructions
These operating instructions describe routine
procedures to follow before and during the
start, running and stopping sequences of the
separator.

If system documentation is available, always

follow the operating instructions therein. If
there is no system documentation, the
instructions below are to be followed.

5.1 Operating routine

5.1.1 Before first start

Technical demands for connections and logical
limitations for the separator is described in the
following documents:
– Technical data
– Basic size drawing
– Connection list
– Interface description
– Foundation drawing
Before first start the following check points shall
be checked:
• Ensure the machine is installed correctly and
that feed-lines and drains have been flushed
clean.
• Fill oil in the gear housing. Fill up to slightly
above the middle of the sight glass. Use the
correct grade of oil.

Oil volume: approx. 12,5 litres.

Suitable oil brands can be found in chapter
Recommended oil brands.
G0262011

• After the separator has been started, the

discharge volumes at sediment ejections has
to be set. This is described in chapter Fill oil in the gear housing
‘‘ Settings” on page 31.

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5.1.2 Bowl flushing

At delivery of the separator two plugs are fitted
in the distributing cone. If the separator is
going to be operated with bowl flushing these
two plugs must be removed. The plugs are
secured with Loctite 242.

G 0 84 02 4 1
Alternating between flushing and Two plugs must be removed from the distributing cone
non-flushing of bowl when operating with bowl flushing
If altering the operation from flushing of bowl
to non-flushing, remember two things:
1 Fit the two plugs in the distributing cone.
Secure with Loctite 242.
2 Open the outlet for sealing liquid (616) at the
inlet, see the chapters ‘‘8.3 Connection List”
on page 207 and ‘‘8.6.1 Basic size drawing”
on page 227.
Proceed in the opposite way when altering from
non-flushing to flushing of bowl.

5.1.3 Ready for start

To achieve the best separation results the bowl
should be in a clean condition.
1 Check that the bolts of the frame hood are
fully tightened.
2 Check that all inlet and outlet connections
have been correctly made and properly
tightened.
S0009821

ON
CAUTI
! Check for leakages (not admitted)

Burn and corrosive hazards

Make sure that hose connections and flange
couplings are properly assembled and
tightened.

Escaping hot and/or corrosive liquid can

cause skin injuries.

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3 Check that the oil level is slightly above

middle of the sight glass.

Be aware of that a very small quantity of oil

may remain at the bottom edge of the sight
glass even when the gear housing is
emptied for oil.

G0262011
Fill if necessary. See chapter ‘‘6.8.6
Recommended oil brands” on page 183 for
a list of recommended oils. Check the oil level

NOTE

During running the oil level should be slightly

below the middle of the sight glass.
Too much or too little oil can damage the
separating bearings.

4 Check that the frequency converter is set to

parameters corresponding to the Bowl
speed synchrounos specified in ‘‘8.2
Technical data” on page 206

ON
CAUTI
!

Disintegration Hazard
This machine must not be operated with
higher bowl speed than max. allowed speed;
6250 r/minute.

55
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5.1.4 Start

1 Open the cooling / sealing liquid supplies

a Open following cooling / sealing liquid

supplies;

- Cooling liquid for frame part (405)

- Cooling liquid for oil cooler (409)

- Sealing liquid for inlet device (615).

Be sure that liquid flows through the

outlet (616) before starting the
separator.

Drain hole
NOTE

To reduce the friction

between sealing element
and wear ring in the
mechanical seal, these
must always be in contact Sealing liquid inlet
with liquid when the bowl Sealing liquid outlet
spindle rotates Otherwise
the seal will get destroyed.

If liquid comes out from the drain holes

(A) above the inlet housing; check inlet
seal.
G 0 83 57 D1

b Start the separator.

56
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2 Check the direction of rotation

S00 6 88 21
a Check the direction of rotation of the
bowl by checking that the direction ING
WARN
of the motor fan corresponds to the !
arrow on the plate fixed on the
motor.
Disintegration hazard
When power cables have
been connected, always
check direction of rotation.
If incorrect, vital rotating
parts could unscrew.

b Check the separator for vibration.

Some vibration can occur for short
periods during the starting cycle,
when the separator passes through
its critical speeds. This is normal
and passes without danger. Try to
learn the vibration characteristics of
the critical speed pattern.

In the trouble-tracing chapter

‘‘7.1.3 Separator vibrates” on page
196, a number of causes are
described that can create vibration.

S0 05 56 11
ING
WARN
!

Disintegration hazard
When excessive vibration occurs, keep bowl
filled and stop separator.
The cause of the vibration must be identified
and rectified before the separator is
restarted. Excessive vibration may be due to
incorrect assembly or insufficient cleaning of
the bowl.

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3 Check that the separator has reached full speed

a Check, if possible, the current

drawn by the motor starter to ensure
ING
that the separator has reached full WARN
speed. !
The time to reach full speed may not
Disintegration hazard
exceed the limit given in chapter
When the separator is equipped with
Technical data.
a frequency controlled motor, it is
extremely important to ensure that
the motor speed does not exceed the
allowed maximum speed. A serious
break down may be the
consequence.

Frequency drive motor

During start the ammeter will increase
to about the rated motor current. At full
speed the ammeter decrease to an
idling value.

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5.1.5 Running

1 Open outlets and the process liquid feed

220

a Make sure that the outlets for

the separated liquids (220 & 221
221) are fully open.

b When the process liquid

conditions are correct, open
the process liquid feed (201)
and adjust to a suitable
throughput. This must not
exceed the flow permissible
and must be suited to the
separability of the process
liquid, see ‘‘8.3 Connection
List” on page 207.

G 08 70 6T 1
201

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2 Adjust the Centrizoom™

a For best possible separation result, set the interface

position of the light-heavy liquid phase with the
Centrizoom™ in the following way:

ING
WARN
!
The turning knob may be hot.

Start with the turning knob (1) in position 1 and set the
back pressure of the light phase to about 150 kPa (1,5
bar).

G 06 68 3 31
Then gradually increase the position of the turning knob
until required separation is achieved. When the light
phase is wanted more free from the heavy one, the 1 = Turning knob
interface should be placed nearer the bowl periphery
(higher value on the setting of the turning knob).

b With the turning knob in optimal

position make the fine adjustment of
the interface by altering the back
pressure of the light phase.
NOTE

With the paring tubes in too The diagram paring disc

outwards position this will result in characteristics, see page 250, shows
light phase losses through the heavy within which outlet pressures (Pmin
phase outlet. and Pmax) the back pressure should
If the liquid seal brokens, the light be for different process flows.
phase will be discharged through the
heavy phase outlet.

3 Discharge the sediment from the separator

a Discharge the sediment from the separator

when the interval time for the sediment ING
WARN
discharge has elapsed. The discharge is !
initiated by supplying discharge liquid (375)
until the discharge has occurred. The
discharge interval must be adjusted Disintegration hazard
according to the solid contents in the feed. Ensure that correct discharge
See Sediment discharge interval on page 50 intervals and cleaning procedures
how to calculate the discharge interval. are used.
Unbalance due to improper
Keep the discharge interval within the values
discharge of solids may lead to
given in chapter Technical data
solids accumulation and unbalance
which may lead to contact between
rotating and non-rotating parts.

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4 Daily condition checks

a Check all pipe and

hose connections
for leakage. ING
WARN
!

Burn and corrosive

hazards

S00 0 98 21
Make sure that hose
connections and flange
couplings are not leaking.
Escaping hot and/or
corrosive liquid can cause
skin injuries.
b Check that the cooling / sealing
liquid flows are sufficient
(connections 405, 409, 615).

c Check the separator for noise and

vibration.
ING
WARN
!

Disintegration hazards
When excessive vibration occurs, keep bowl
filled and stop separator.
The cause of the vibration must be identified
and rectified before the separator is restarted.

S 00 55 61 1
d Check the oil level in gear housing.
Fill if necessary. See chapter ‘‘6.8.4
Recommended lubricants” on page 178 for a
list of recommended oils. G 02 62 01 1

NOTE

Burn and corrosive hazards

During running the oil level should
be slightly below the middle of the
sight glass.
Too much or too little oil can damage
the separator bearings.

e Check the electric motor for overheating.

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5.1.6 Normal stop

1 Stopping the separator

a Empty the separator bowl totally from solids

before stopping it. If not, a manual cleaning
has to be done before next start-up.

Discharge repeatedly until solids no longer is

remained in the bowl. The bowl must be filled
with liquid during the discharges.

b It is of great importance that the adjusting

mechanism for the paring tubes in the
processed liquid outlet is flushed with water
before the separator is stopped. Otherwise
the mechanism will be clogged which will
ING
cause bad function and consequently bad WARN
separation result. !

Disintegration hazards
The bowl must always be filled with liquid
c After the discharges and flushing, supply during the run-down period to prevent
liquid to the bowl and stop the separator with excessive vibration if there is uneven sludge
the bowl filled. accumulation in the bowl.

d After the bowl has come to a complete

standstill, turn off the sealing liquid supply
(615) for the axial seal in the product inlet
housing. For separator with bowl flushing
water (connection 204, not illustrated) this
water is fed into the same supply (615).
G 0 96 4 52 1

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5.1.7 Emergency stop

1 Stopping the separator

a If the separator begins to vibrate excessively

during operation, stop it immediately by
switching off the separator motor, e.g. by
pushing the safety stop button.

Keep the bowl filled during the run-down to

minimize the excessive vibration.

S0 00 99 1 1
b Evacuate the room. The separator may be
hazardous when passing its critical speeds
during the run-down.

ING
WARN CAUTI
ON
! !
Disintegration hazards Disintegration hazards
Do not discharge an excessive After a safety stop the cause of the
vibrating separator. fault must be identified.
Out-of-balance vibration can become If all parts have been checked and
worse if only part of the sediment is the cause remains unclear, contact
discharged. Alfa Laval for advice.

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6 Service, Dismantling, Assembly

6.1 Periodic Maintenance 6.1.2 Maintenance procedures

Periodic (preventive) maintenance reduces At each Intermediate and/or Major service,

the risk of unexpected stoppages and take a copy of the maintenance log and use it to
breakdowns. Follow the maintenance log in make notes during the service.
this chapter in order to facilitate the An intermediate and Major service should be
periodic maintenance. carried out as follows:
1 Dismantle the parts as described in ‘‘6.3
6.1.1 Maintenance intervals Dismantling” on page 70.

The following directions for periodic Place the separator parts on clean, soft
maintenance give a brief description of parts to surfaces such as pallets.
be cleaned, checked and renewed at different 2 Inspect and clean the dismantled separator
maintenance intervals. parts according to the maintenance log and
The maintenance log for each maintenance description in ‘‘6.4 Actions Before
interval on page 67 gives a detailed list of Assembly” on page 105.
actions to be performed. 3 Fit all the parts delivered in the service kit
while assembling the separator as
described in chapter ‘‘6.6 Assembly” on
Intermediate service i i page 128.
An Intermediate consists of an overhaul of the
4 When the separator is assembled, make
separator bowl, inlet/outlet, oil change and
final checks described in ‘‘6.7 Actions after
operating water device every 3 months or 2000
assembly” on page 171.
operating hours.
Seals in bowl and gaskets in inlet/outlet device
are renewed.
ING
WARN
!
Major service M
Disintegration Hazards
An Major consists of an overhaul of the Separator parts that are either missing, worn
complete separator (including separator bowl, beyond their safe limits or incorrectly
assembled, may cause severe damage or fatal
inlet/outlet and operating device) every 12
injury.
months or 8000 operating hours. Seals and
bearings in the separator are renewed.

ON
Oil change CAUTI
!
The oil should be changed every 2000 hours, or
at least once every year if the total number of
operating hours is less than 2000 hours/year. Burn and Corrode Hazards
Escaping hot and/or corroding process
material, which can be hazardous, may still
remain in the separator after stop.

65 587424-02
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The use of service symbols in the 6.1.4 Service kits

dismantling/assembly instructions
Special service kits are available for
Parts that have to be renewed from the service
Intermediate and Major service, OWMC,
kits (see below) are marked i i and/or M in
Foundation feet and Inlet service.
the assembly instructions.

Note that the parts for Intermediate are not

Example:
included in the Major service kit.
a Fit the O-ring ii .
The contents of the kits are described in the
When dismantling and assembling between Spare Parts Catalogue.
the service periods, some procedures do not
have to be carried out. These procedures are
marked i i and/or M . NOTE

Example: Always use Alfa Laval genuine parts as

otherwise the warranty may become invalid.
5 Renew the valve plugs on the operating Alfa Laval takes no responsibility for the
slide i i . safe operation of the equipment if non-
genuine spare parts are used.
All symbols used in the instructions refer to
activities mentioned in the maintenance logs.

ING
WARN
6.1.3 Tightening of screws !
Tightening all screws with the correct torque
Disintegration hazards
value is important.
Use of imitation spare parts may cause severe
These figures apply unless otherwise stated: damage.

Torque
6.1.5 Cleaning
Metric Stainless steel Carbon steel
thread CIP (Cleaning In Place)
Nm kpm Ib.ft Nm kpm Ib.ft
To prolong the intervals between manual
M4 1,7 0,17 1,2 2,5 0,25 1,8 cleaning of the separator the use of CIP
M5 3,4 0,34 2,5 4,9 0,5 3,6 together with repeated discharges can be used.

M6 7 0,7 5 8 0,8 5,9 Some CIP liquids can be corrosive to parts

which are included in the separator.
M8 17 1,7 13 20 2 14,7
M10 33 3,4 24 39 3,9 28,7 ON
CAUTI
!
M12 57 5,8 42 68 6,9 50
M16 140 14 100 155 15,8 114 Use only Alfa Laval recommended CIP liquids.

M20 270 28 200 325 33 239

M24 470 48 340 570 58 420

The figures apply to lubricated screws

tightened with a torque wrench.

587424-02 66
6 SERVICE, DISMANTLING, ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTION BOOK

6.2 Maintenance Log

Name of plant: Local identification:

Separator: PX 55 Manufacture No./Year:

Total running hours: Product No.: 881263-03-02/1

Date: Signature:
Intermediate

Check
Major

Part i M Action Page Note

Outlet device and frame hood
- All parts x x Clean, check for corrosion and cracks 105-108
- Outlet device x x Clean and check 105
x x Renew O-rings and rectangular rings 169
x x Renew bearings on the outlet pipe 169
- Paring tube mechanism x x Clean and inspect 105
- Frame hood x x Renew seal strip 165
x Control measure of paring disc height 168
x Check height adjusting rings 168
-Cyclone and pipe x Renew sealing rings 119
connections
- Outlet cover with turning x Lubricate transmission 119
unit
Bowl
- All parts x x Clean, check for corrosion and cracks 105-108
- All parts x x Check for erosion damages 108
- Bowl body x x Check for impact marks and corrosion 106
x x Renew seal ring, O-ring, gasket 156
- Operating slide x x Renew rectangular ring 153
x x Renew valve plugs 152
- Bowl hood x x Renew seal ring 121
x x Renew O-ring 159
- Wing crown x x Renew O-ring 157
- Disc stack x x Check disc stack pressure 163
- Hydraulic ring x x Renew O-rings and oval rings 145
- Control paring disc x x Renew O-rings 145
Frame
- Frame feet x Renew frame feet (including washers 111 3-year service kit
and screws)

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Intermediate

Check
Major
Part i M Action Page Note
Driving device vertical
- All parts x Clean, check for corrosion and cracks 105-108
- Bottom bearing housing x Renew O-rings 142
- Top bearing housing x Renew springs 139
- Bowl spindle x Pre-lubricate and renew ball bearing 155
x Pre-lubricate and renew self-aligning 141
roller bearing
x Renew rubber buffers 138,139
x Measure the radial wobble 143
x Lubricate 155
- Distributing cover x Renew gasket 145
Driving device horizontal
- All parts x Clean, check for corrosion and cracks 105-108
- Worm wheel shaft and x Check radial wobble of worm wheel 136
gear housing shaft
x Renew bearings, O-rings, sealings 128
and tolerance ring
x x Renew oil in gear housing 170
-Flexible coupling x Check axial play of elastic plates 132
Inlet device
- Inlet housing x Check for leakage
x Clean, check for corrosion and cracks
x Renew O-rings, rectangular ring and 148
throttle ring

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Intermediate

Check
Major
Part i M Action Page Note
Monitoring equipment
- Sensors x x Function check 36
OWMC
- Cylinder x Clean and check 191
x Renew seal and garter strap 191
- Piston x Clean and check, 191
x Renew seal rings 191
x Lubricate 192
- Two-pulse adapter x Clean and check 192
Electrical motor
- Electrical motor x Lubricate if nipples are fitted. See sign 232
on motor
Signs and labels on separator
- Machine plate x Check attachment and legibility 171
- Power supply frequency x Check attachment and legibility 171
- Lifting instructions x Check attachment and legibility 171
- Safety labels x Check attachment and legibility 171
- Name plate x Check attachment and legibility 171
- Representative label x Check attachment and legibility 171

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6.3 Dismantling

6.3.1 Introduction
The frame hood and heavy bowl parts must
be lifted by means of a hoist. Position the
hoist exactly above the bowl centre. Use a
lifting sling and lifting hooks with safety
catches.

The parts must be handled carefully. Don’t

place parts directly on the floor, but on a
clean rubber mat, fibreboard or a suitable
pallet.

NOTE

For safety reasons, it is essential that all

personnel who work with the separator read
this manual thoroughly and completely.
Do not allow personnel to clean, assemble,
operate or maintain the separator until they
have read and fully understood this manual.
Ensure that all personnel who operate and
service the separator are well-trained and
knowledgeable concerning the separator and
the work to be carried out.

ING
WARN
!

Entrapment hazard
To avoid accidental start, switch off and lock-
out the power supply before starting any
dismantling work.

Make sure that machine has come to a

complete standstill before starting any
dismantling work.

The motor fan indicate if separator parts are

S0068821

rotating or not.

The direction of rotation can also be checked by

comparing the direction of motor fan and the arrow on
the fixed plate on the motor.

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6.3.2 Tools
Special tools from the tool kit must be used
for dismantling and assembly, as well as
Standard tools (not included). The special
tools are specified in the Spare Parts Catalogue
and are illustrated at the beginning of each
dismantling section.

Standard Tools

1
2 3

6
4

G 0 96 3 2A 1
1 Screwdriver
2 Dial indicator with magnetic base
3 Heating equipment for bearings
4 Sliding calliper
5 Adjustable spanner
6 Spanners (various sizes)

71
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6.3.3 Frame hood and outlet device

Elbow pipe

Outlet pipe

Cover with turning unit

Bearings
O-rings

G 0 8 63 3C 1 O-ring
Turning socket

Outlet housing

O-ring
Height adjusting
G 0 86 05 C1

rings

1 Lifting eye (frame hood).

Frame hood
2 Screw spanner (outlet pipe).
3 Hook spanner (coupling nut)
4 T-handle with extension rod, sockets

ING
WARN
!
G 09 6 31 C1

Entrapment hazard
To avoid accidental start, switch off and lock-
out the power supply before starting any
dismantling work.

Make sure that machine has come to a

complete standstill before starting any
dismantling work.

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1 Removing the outlet housing.

a Disconnect and remove all

connections from the outlet housing
and cover with turning unit.

b Remove the elbow pipe.

c Unscrew and remove the

outlet pipe.

d Unscrew the screws and

remove the cover turning unit.

e Turn the turning socket

clockwise to stop and lift it
straight up.

f Unscrew the screws and

remove the outlet
housing.
G 0 96 31 D1

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6.3.4 Inlet device

O-ring
Throttle ring

O-ring

Sleeve
Inlet ring
Pipe bend

Plug, alternative

G 0 86 33 D1

O-rings
Snap ring
Height adjusting ring
G 08 60 5 J 1

Inlet housing upper

1 Hook spanner (coupling nut).
2 Hexagon head socket key (inlet housing).
O-rings
3 Mounting tool (mechanical seal)

Seal

Nut

Inlet housing lower

Screw

Rectangular ring

Elbow pipe
G 09 6 32 51

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1 Removing the lower parts.

a Remove the piping for process

liquid and sealing liquid.

c Unscrew the screws and remove

the lower part of the inlet housing.
Unscrew the nut.

b Disconnect and remove the elbow

pipe.

S00 7 28 21
G 09 63 2 61
2 Dismantle the seal.

a Fit the mounting tool (C) for the

mechanical seal in following way:

NOTE
- Match a groove in the seal with the
bayonet pin (A) fitted in the Before removing the
mounting tool (C). mechanical seal,
place rags or similar
- Turn the tool anti-clockwise on the base under
(seen from the bottom). the seal to protect it
when coming loose
- Adjust the position of the tool until the from the inlet
screw holes in the tool correspond housing.
with the threaded holes in the flange
(B) on the mechanical seal.

- Fit the longer screws (D) for

dismantling
ON
CAUTI
!
b Tighten the screws
successively, not more than one Crush hazard
turn at a time. Be careful when
G 08 3 57 X 1

tighten the screws.

The mechanical
seal can
unexpectedly
loosen

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3 Removing the upper parts.

The throttle ring can preferably

be removed after the bowl
spindle has been lifted out.

a Unscrew the upper part of the inlet

housing and remove the height
c Pull out the sleeve. The O-ring
adjusting rings
inside the sleeve can provide
resistance against the bowl spindle.

b Remove the snap ring and inlet ring

from the inlet housing.
Inlet housing

G 0 96 32 71
Height adjusting ring

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6.3.5 Bowl (standard) Lock ring

Paring chamber
cover
O-ring
Paring tube holder
O-ring
Paring chamber
O-ring cover lower
Paring disc
Lock ring
O-ring

O-ring
Bowl hood

G 08 63 3F 1
Rectangular
ring

1 2 3
Top disc

Seal ring
4 5 6
Disc stack

7 8
Bottom disc

Distributor
9
10
11

O-ring Wing crown

12 Cap nut
O-ring
Distributing cone
Screw (only if bowl
G 08 6 05 K 1

14 flushing model)
13

1 Mounting tool (lock nut). Sliding bowl

2 Lifting eye bolts (large lock ring). Seal ring bottom
3 Lifting tool (distributor). O-ring
4 Driving out pin (sealing ring. Screw with gasket
Screw
5 Spanner (large lock ring). Bowl body
6 Lifting tool (Bowl body)
7 T-handle (lock ring) (M5)
8 Lifting tool (sliding bowl bottom) Rectangular
9 Lifting tool (distributing cone) ring
Valve plug
10 Mounting tool (wear protection)
11 Spanner (small lock ring) O-rings Operating
12 Lifting tool (bowl hood) slide
13 Compressing tool Rectangular Nozzle
14 Lifting eye (distributing cover) ring Operating ring
O-ring Hydraulic ring with
G 1 01 19 1 1

O-rings O-rings

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1 Removing the frame hood.

a Remove the screws for the

frame hood and lift it off by
using two lifting eyes.

G0 53 0 9C1
2 Removing the paring chamber cover, paring tube and paring disc.

a Unscrew the small lock ring using the

special spanner included in the tool kit.

NOTE

Left-hand thread!
G 07 27 9L 1

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3 Removing the lock ring.

a Remove the upper paring chamber

cover.

b Remove the paring tube holder with

tubes.

c Remove the lower paring chamber

cover.

d Remove the paring disc.

G 0 96 3 1A 1

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4 Compressing the disc stack.

a Fit the lifting tool on the bowl

hood.

G 05 31 2 21
NOTE

Use the compressing tool to reduce shocks to

bearings and thread wear minimized when
unscrewing the large lock ring.

b Fit the compressing tool by screwing the pole of the

tool into the threads of the distributor using the
horizontal handle.
The control lever on the compressing tool should be
in position 0.

G 05 31 3 11

c Turn the control lever to position

1 for compression.
Compress the disc stack by
pumping the horizontal handle
until the oil pressure is released
through the relief valve.
G 0 53 3 62 1

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5 Removing the large lock ring.

a Fit the lock ring spanner and

unscrew the large lock ring.

NOTE

Left-hand thread!

G 0 5 31 41 1
b Release the pressure in the
compressing tool and remove it
from the lifting tool.

G 05 31 3 11
c Fit two eye bolts (M16) and
remove the large lock ring by a
hoist.

NOTE

The lock ring must be

kept lying horizontally
or it may become
distorted. Even the
slightest distortion
could make it
impossible to refit.
G05 3 15 C1

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6 Separating the bowl hood from the bowl body.

a Separate the bowl hood from the bowl body by using the
compression tool.

Remove the lifting tool from the bowl hood.

Fit the compressing tool by screwing the pole of the tool into the
threads of the distributor using the horizontal handle.
The control lever on the compressing tool should be in position 0.

G 0 5 43 95 1
b Fit the lifting tool on the bowl hood.

Turn the control lever to position 2 for expansion.

Separate the bowl hood from the bowl body by pumping the
horizontal handle.

Remove the lifting tool and the compressing tool.

G 0 54 40 11
Then refit the lifting tool.

c Lift off the bowl hood using a hoist.

Be careful not to scratch the bowl
hood seal ring.

ON
CAUTI
!

Cut hazard
G 05 3 99 21

If the top disc is stuck into

the bowl hood, remove it
now before it accidentally
falls out.

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7 Removing the disc stack.

a Remove the top disc.

ON
CAUTI
!

Cut hazard
Sharp edges on the bowl
discs may cause cuts

b Fit the lifting tool into the

distributor and lift the
distributor with disc stack
out of the bowl body using
a hoist.

c Carefully lift off the

disc stack assembly.
Lifting tool

G 09 63 16 1

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8 Removing the wing crown, cap nut and distributing cone.

a Carefully remove the wing crown by

means of a screwdriver.

Note that there are fitted one internal

and one external O-ring which can give
some resistance.

b Remove the cap nut, using the special

tool.

NOTE

Left-hand thread!

c Fit the lifting tool to the

distributing cone and lift
it out.
G 0 56 97 91

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9 Removing the sliding bowl bottom.

a Fit the lifting tool onto the sliding

bowl bottom and lift it out by a
hoist.

G 0 53 32 C1

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10 Removing the bowl body.

Guide lug

Screw
a Unscrew all hexagon socket
head screws in the bottom of the
bowl body and the screws for
hydraulic ring. Start with the
screw opposite the guide lug in
the bowl body wall and continue
with the others two 120o apart.

b Fit the lifting tool into the bowl body bottom with the
three screws.

Release the bowl body from the spindle by using the

lifting tool as a puller. Turn the handle at top of the
lifting tool until the bowl body comes loose from the
spindle taper.

Hydraulic ring

c Lift out the bowl body.

NOTE

Handle the bowl body carefully. If it is

roughly handled, the ejection d Observ that the hydraulic ring remains on the
mechanism may be damaged. distributing cover.
G 05 3 29 81

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11 Prepare for removal of operating slide and operating ring.

a Thread a strap through two

sludge ports and place the bowl
body on the side using a hoist.

b Unscrew the three screws, in the

bottom of the bowl body, holding
the operating ring.

G 08 6 10 D1

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12 Removing the operating slide and operating ring.

a Remove the operating ring.

b Fit lifting eyes to the operating

slide and lift it off from the bowl
body.

G 0 86 10 E1

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6.3.6 Driving device vertical 1 2 3 4

5 6 7

G 0 86 05 F 1
8 9 10

1 Ring (dism. bearing). 7 Washer (bearing)

2 Ring (mount bearing). 8 Driving off tool (bearing
3 Lifting tool (spindle) 9 Mounting tool

G 08 63 3E 1
4 Lifting tool (spindle) (rigid ball bearing)
5 Tube (mount bearing). 10 Sleeve (dismounting
6 Pin spanner (oil fan) top bearing

Control paring discc

O-rings

Distributing cover Rubber buffer

Ball bearing holder
Flat gasket Ball bearing
Screw Ball bearing holder
Protecting plate Compression spring
O-ring
Rubber buffer
Protecting collar
Top bearing
Screw
support
Guide ring
Screw
Protecting cap
Oil fan
O-ring
Worm
Screw
O-ring Spacing sleeve

Top bearing cover Roller bearing

O-ring
Protecting collar
O-ring
O-ring

Bottom bearing
housing
G 09 63 2U 1

Bowl spindle
Screw

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NOTE

Clean the space in the bowl casing thoroughly

before starting to dismantle the bowl spindle to
prevent contaminations falling down into the oil
gear housing.

1 Removing the control paring disc, hydraulic ring and the distributing cover.

a Remove the control paring disc b Unscrew the screws holding the
and the hydraulic ring. distributing cover.

Control paring disc

c Fit lifting eyes to the distributing
cover and lift it out from the
Hydraulic ring frame.

G 0 9 63 42 1
2 Removing the protecting plate and protecting collar.

b Remove the O-ring and pull off

the protecting collar.
a Unscrew the screws and remove
the protecting plate.
G 09 6 35 31

Guide ring

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3 Removing the guide ring, protecting cap and O-ring.

a Unscrew the screws and remove

the guide ring and protecting
cap.

b Remove the rubber ring.

G 0 9 63 65 1
4 Drain the oil.

Place a collecting tray under the oil

drain hole, remove the worm gear
cover and the drain plug and then
drain the oil from the worm gear
housing. ON
CAUTI
!

Burn hazard
Lubricating oil and various
machine surfaces can be
hot and cause burns.

G 0 48 4 24 1

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5 Prepare for removal of the spindle assembly

a Unscrew the screws holding the

top bearing cover.

G 0 9 63 72 1
6 Removing the worm wheel.

ON
CAUTI
!

Crush hazard
The worm wheel is quite
heavy. Hold it firmly when
dismantling. Risk of
jamming injury.

a On the horizontal driving device,

loosen the screws in the
clamping element uniformly and
successively in the order shown
in the illustration. In the first step,
do not loosen the screws more
than ¼ turn to avoid distortion in
the clamping element. Do not
unscrew the screws entirely.
G 0 2 07 92 1

b Push the worm wheel to one

side before removing the
spindle. If worm wheel is stuck
use a piece of wood to loosen it.

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7 Lifting out the spindle assembly

G 0 96 3 82 1
8 Removing the worm from the spindle.

a Pull off the worm together with

its spacing sleeve, roller bearing
and the protecting collar.

In addition to the special tools,

use a bar to stop the spindle
from turning (see the
illustration). Hit a few light blows
with a hammer on the end of the
screw if the worm will not loosen.
G 01 8 84 51

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9 Removing the oil fan.

a Place the spindle upside down

into the mounting tube.

b Unscrew and remove the oil fan

Mounting tube

G 0 18 95 31

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10 Removing the top bearing support and lower rubber buffer.

a Remove the screws fixing the

top bearing support to the top
bearing cover.

b Remove the top bearing support

and the lower rubber buffer. The
lower rubber buffer is provided
with springs.

G 01 8 86 81

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11 Removing the top bearing cover and upper buffer.

a Lift out the spindle, lay it down

and remove the top bearing
cover and the upper rubber
buffer.

G 0 1 88 73 1
12 Removing the ball bearing holders.

a Ease off the lower and upper

ball bearing holders by using
the three screws removed in
point 10.

G 0 18 8 84 1

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13 Removing the bearing.

a Lift out the spindle, lay it down

and remove the top bearing
cover and the upper rubber
buffer.

G 01 8 89 51
14 Removing the bottom bearing housing from the frame.

G 0 83 1 57 1

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6.3.7 Horizontal driving device

1 3
2

5
4
6

G 0 8 60 5H 1
7

1 Puller (worm wheel). 4 Ring (worm wheel shaft)

2 Puller (ball bearing 5 Washer (brake pulley).
worm wheel shaft). 6 Screw (bearing shield)
3 Dismounting tool 7 Lock ring
(brake pulley).

12 13
10 11
11A
3 4 6 8
2 7 9
1 5 21

11B 20
16
17 19
18

G 0 87 0 0C1
14
15
Worm gear end
1. Round nut* 9. Small ball bearing 14. Worm wheel shaft
2. Frame bottom part 10. Gasket 15. Cooling coil
3. Bearing housing* with O-ring 11. Bearing shield 16. Washer
4. Round nut 11A.O-ring 17. Nut
5. Large ball bearing 11B.Corrugated shim 18. Washer
6. Lock ring (left hand thread) 12. Seal strip 19. Screw
7. Worm wheel 13. Guard 20. Screw
8. Clamp element 21. Seal ring

* The bearing housing should normally remain sitting in the frame.

It should be dismantled only when it is necessary to replace it, or when the separator is to be reconditioned.
If it is to be removed, observe that the round nut (1) is locked with Loctite. The nut is therefore easier to unscrew
when heated. The bearing housing is also fixed with Loctite.
When fitting a new bearing housing, apply Loctite 243 on the threads.

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Drive motor end

1 Nut
2 Washer
3 Stud bolt
4 Screw
5 Nut
6 Coupling drum
7 Elastic plate
8 Screw
9 Spring washer
10 Washer
11 Coupling disc
12Motor

G 0 77 82 8 1
13Guide ring
14Motor adapter

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1 Removing the guard, the bearing shield and cooling coil

a Shut off the water supply and
disconnect the cooling water
connections to the cooling coil in the
worm gear housing.

b Remove the nuts and washers fixing

the cooling coil to the bearing shield
and press the two tube ends up into
the bearing shield.

c Remove the bearing shield:

ease it off by means of two of the
fastening screws.

G 0 21 24 2 1
ON
CAUTI
!

Crush hazard
The shield is quite heavy (15 kg
cast iron). Hold the shield firmly
or use two longer screws as
guide pins to prevent dropping
it during dismantling.

2 Removing the cooling coil

a Remove the protecting cover.

b Lift out the cooling coil, take

care of the gaskets (A).
G 07 9 80 41

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3 Removing the bearing, clamping element and worm wheel

a Fit the puller tool and pull off the ball

bearing from the worm wheel shaft.

G 0 2 12 52 1
b Remove the clamping element and
worm wheel.

ON
CAUTI
!

Crush hazard
The worm wheel is quite heavy.
Hold it firmly when dismantling.
Risk for jamming injury.

G 0 20 78 21

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4 Removing the motor and the elastic plates

a Disconnect the motor cables. Note the

positions of cables in the terminal box to re-
connect correctly (for correct direction of
rotation).

b Hook up the motor in a hoist and loosen the

motor from the separator frame.
Pull out the motor carefully.

G 0 7 78 29 1
c Remove the three elastic plates.
d If the coupling drum has to be dismantled, use a
washer to protect the threaded hole in the motor shaft.

5 Removing the coupling disc

a To remove the coupling disc from the

Centre screw
horizontal driving shaft, unscrew the centre
screw (A) and remove the plain washer (B).
Then tighten the screw (A) again to protect
the worm wheel shaft during next
operation. Plain washer
G 0 46 27 1 1

b Fit the puller tool illustrated below and

pull off the coupling disc.
4 8 44 11

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6 Removing the lock ring on the worm wheel and knock loose the worm wheel shaft

a Remove the lock ring on the

worm wheel side.
Left-hand thread!

G 01 92 3 11
b Knock loose the worm wheel
shaft by means of a piece of
wood and a tin hammer. Use
light blows from the motor side.

G 0 21 34 21

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7 Removing the ball bearing

a Unscrew the round nut fixing

the ball bearing. The nut is
locked with Loctite 243.

G 0 2 12 61 1
b Remove the ball bearing. Put
some cotton twist into the tool
to avoid damage to the shaft.
The pressure should be
applied to the inner race of the
ball bearing.

G 0 21 27 11

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6.4 Actions Before

Assembly

6.4.1 Cleaning i M
Clean the separator parts according to the
diagram below. Afterwards, protect all cleaned
carbon steel parts against corrosion by oiling.

Part Procedure Cleaning agents

Frame and The external cleaning of the frame and motor should be Water and de-greasing agent.
motor restricted to brushing, sponging or wiping while the motor is
running or still is hot.

ING
WARN
!

Electrical hazard
Never wash down a separator with a direct
water stream.
Never play a water jet on the motor. Totally
enclosed motors can be damaged by direct
hosing to the same extent as open motors,
resulting in short-circuit and internal corrosion.

Bowl Cleaning of bowl discs A chemical cleaning agent must

Inlet/ outlet Handle the bowl discs carefully in order to avoid damage to dissolve the deposits quickly without
the surfaces during cleaning attacking the material of the separator
parts.
1 Remove the bowl discs from the distributor and place them
individually in the cleaning agent.
ON
2 Allow the discs to remain in the cleaning agent until the CAUTI
deposits have been dissolved. This will normally take
!
between two and four hours.
3 Lastly, clean the discs with a soft brush. Cut hazard
Sharp edges on the separator
discs may cause cuts.
Cleaning of operating ring, paring chamber cover lower
and operating slide with nozzle.
Use 10% acetic acid solution to dissolve lime deposits. The
acid should be heated to 80 °C.
Clean the nozzle on the operating slide using a soft iron wire
or a similar object.

Driving device Use a sponge or a soft brush. White spirit, cleaning-grade kerosene
or diesel oil.

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6.4.2 Inspection for corrosion i

M
Inspect the separator parts for corrosion.
Evidence of corrosion attacks should be looked
for and rectified each time the separator is
dismantled.

Max. 1,0 mm
ING
WARN
!

G 0 2 05 24 1
Disintegration hazards
Always contact your Alfa Laval representative if
you suspect that the depth of the corrosion
damage exceeds 1,0 mm or if cracks have been
found. Do not continue to use the separator
until it has been inspected and given clearance
for operation by Alfa Laval.

Material Type of corrosive Appearance Measure

environment

Non-stainless steel Water or dampness Rust If damage exceeds 1,0 mm, contact
and cast iron parts Alfa Laval.

Stainless steel Chlorides or acidic Acidic solutions cause general Polish dark-coloured spots and
solutions corrosion. other corrosion marks with a fine
Chloride corrosion begins as small grain emery cloth. This may prevent
dark spots that can be difficult to further damage.
detect, and goes on to local damage If damage exceeds 1,0 mm contact
such as pitting, grooves or cracks. Alfa Laval.

ING
WARN
!

Disintegration hazard
Pits and spots forming a line may indicate
cracks beneath the surface.
All forms of cracks are a potential danger and
are totally unacceptable.
Replace any part where corrosion can be
suspected of affecting its strength or function.

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6.4.3 Inspection for cracks i M

Check the separator parts for cracks. It is
particularly important to inspect for cracks in
rotating parts, and especially the pillars
between the sludge ports in the bowl wall.

ING
WARN
!

Disintegration hazard
All forms of cracks are potentially dangerous as
they reduce the strength and functional ability
of components.
Always replace a part if cracks are present.

Cracks can occur from cyclic material stresses

and corrosion. Keeping the separator and its
parts clean and free from deposits will help to
prevent corrosion attacks.

ING
WARN
!

Disintegration hazards
Always contact your Alfa Laval representative if
you suspect that the depth of the damage
exceeds 1,0 mm.
Do not continue to use the separator until it
has been inspected and given clearance for
operation by Alfa Laval.

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6.4.4 Inspection for erosion i M

Erosion may occur when particles
suspended in the process liquid slide along
or strike against a surface.

Surfaces particularly subjected to erosion are:

Erosion is characterised by:

1 Burnished traces in the
material.
2 Dents and pits having a
granular and shiny surface.
The outer edge of the
paring tubes

The paring disc.

The top disc

The sealing edge of the sliding

bowl bottom

Pillars between the

sludge ports in the
bowl wall

The surface of the

sliding bowl bottom

G 1 01 19 71
that faces the conical
part of the distributor.
The underside of the distributor in the vicinity of the
distribution holes and wings

1 Inspect the bowl and inlet/outlet parts for 2 Replace parts if erosion is suspected.
erosion damages.

ING
NOTE WARN
!
Always contact your Alfa Laval representative if
you suspect that the depth of the damage Disintegration hazard
exceeds 1,0 mm. Do not continue to use the Erosion damage weakens parts by reducing
separator until it has been inspected and the thickness of the material.
cleared for operation by Alfa Laval. Pay special attention to the pillars between
the sludge ports in the bowl wall.
Replace parts if erosion is suspected of
affecting strength or function.

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Wear liners in the bowl

The wear liners protect the wall pillars in the
bowl body. They must be replaced before the
liners have been perforated by erosion.

Wear liners in wall pillars

When fitting new liners keep in mind that they
will be subjected to a very high service stress.
Forces up to 10 000 G are not unusual at the
bowl periphery. It is essential, therefore, that
the liners are being mounted carefully and in
full agreement with the following instructions.

1 Fitting new liners.

a Remove the old liner and place

the new liner blank in the wall
pillar.

S0 03 2 01 1
b Fasten the mounting tool
between the wall pillars. Clamp
the wear liner with the tool.

G 0 2 98 61 1

c Tighten the tool nut with a

spanner until the liner is firmly
pressed to its seat.
G 0 2 98 71 1

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2 Adjusting the new liners.

a Bend the shank (1) at right

angles to the outside of the bowl
wall using a drift.

G 0 2 98 92 1
b Back off the nut of the tool and
remove it.

G 0 29 89 41
Remove the liner and cut the
shank so that it ends 0,5-1,5
mm (A) from the bowl wall.

c Fit the wear liner in the wall pillar

and clamp it with the tool. Knock
the shank flat against the wall of
the pillar.
S00 31 8 11

d Remove the tool and check that

the wear liner is well attached
and that the shank (1) does not
G 02 98 82 1

protrude beyond the bowl

periphery. Fit the other liners as
described above.

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6.4.5 Exchange of frame feet

Renew the frame feet as described below.

When replacing the frame feet, the separator

must be lifted. Follow ‘‘6.9.1 Lifting the
separator” on page 185.

NOTE

Discard the old frame feet, screws and washers.

1 Fitting new frame feet

a Disconnect pipes, hoses and cables

connected to the separator.

b Remove the set screws, three for

each foundation foot.

c Lift the separator.

d Unscrew the screw which is

Rubber cushions

G 0 25 89 B 1
locked with Loctite and then
renew the two rubber cushions.
Set screw

e Apply Loctite 242 on the screw

thread and tighten it with 40 Nm.

f Level against the upper face of the three

holders. Screw the holders to compensate for
inclination, if any. Any gap between a holder and
a foundation foot must be eliminated by adding
or removing one or more adjusting washers.
Note that the total thickness of the adjusting
G 06 67 06 1

washers for one foot must not exceed

corresponding 4 washers.

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2 Lowering the frame

a After all rubber cushions have Rubber cushion

been renewed lower the
Frame foot Set screw
separator into the three holders.
Rectangular ring
Washer
b Tighten the set screws, first by Screw
hand (or by a hand tool, if Holder
necessary) until all of them are Adjusting washer
in contact with the frame feet. Foot on foundation plate

Then tighten the set screws with

G 0 68 38 31
100 Nm.

Note that the total thickness of the

adjusting washers for one foot must
NOTE not exceed corresponding 4
washers.
Tighten the set screws before
mounting the bowl or cyclone.

c Connect the previously

disconnected pipes, hoses and
cables.

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6.4.6 Bowl spindle taper and bowl

body nave taper

1 Remove impact marks

Impact marks on the spindle

taper or in the bowl body nave
taper may cause poor fit and
out-of-balance vibrations.

The bowl spindle and the nave

should also be checked if the
bowl spindle has been
dismantled or if the bowl runs
roughly.

Corrosion may cause the bowl

to stick firmly to the spindle
taper and cause difficulties
during the next dismantling.

NOTE

Always use a scraper with

great care. The taper shape
must not be deformed.

Remove any impact marks with a scraper and/

or whetstone.

Rust can be removed by using a fine-grain

G 0 54 7 96 1
emery cloth (e.g. No. 320).

Finish with polishing paper (e.g. No. 600).

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6.4.7 Lock ring: wear and damage

1 Check lock ring threads

Excessive wear or impact marks on threads,

guide and contact surfaces of the lock ring,
bowl hood and bowl body may cause
hazardous galling.

Check the thread condition by tightening the

lock ring (1) after removing the disc stack
and bowl hood O-ring (2) from the bowl.

G 05 35 21 1
2 Check alignment marks

In a new bowl the alignment marks on the lock ring

and the bowl body are exactly opposite each other.

If thread wear is observed, mark the lock ring at the

new position opposite the alignment mark on the
bowl body by punching in a new mark.
A
If the original φ−mark on the lock ring passes the
φ−mark on the bowl body by more than 25°
(which corresponds to A=100 mm), an Alfa Laval
representative must be contacted immediately.

If the marks become illegible, an Alfa Laval

representative should be contacted immediately to
inspect thread wear and for determining the position G 0 57 81 3 1
of new alignment marks.
(MAX 25 )

ING
WARN
!
Wear on large lock ring thread
must not exceed safety limit.
The φ-mark on lock ring must
not pass opposite φ-mark by
more than the specified
distance.

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3 Check and rectify damages

The position of the threads, contact and

guide surfaces are indicated by arrows in
the illustration.

Clean the threads, contact and guide

surfaces with a suitable degreasing agent,
see ‘‘6.1.5 Cleaning” on page 66.
Check for burrs and protrusions caused by
impact.

ON
CAUTI
!

Cut hazard
The lock ring thread may
have sharp edges which
can cause cuts.

G 0 53 72 N1
If damage is established, rectify by using a
whetstone or fine emery cloth
(recommended grain size 240). Do not use
rotating files etc. If the damage is
considerable, use a fine single-cut file,
followed by a whetstone.
Remove the damage material on top of the
surface. Just take away the damage, not the
undamaged material.

After remedy, the edges of the damaged

surfaces should be smooth.

Accomplish the treatment by priming the

damaged surfaces if Intermediate Service. If
Major Service, the whole lock ring should
anyway be primed as described in ‘‘6.4.9
Lock ring; priming (non-food applications
only)” on page 117.
G 06 86 6 21

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6.4.8 Guide surfaces

1 Check surfaces indicated A or B

Clean the illustrated parts with a suitable

cleaning agent. Do not degrease the contact A
surfaces indicated B. These surfaces are
primed with a slide lacquer which must not
be removed. A

G 0 37 82 V1
Sliding bowl bottom

NOTE

To avoid the risk of galling, the

contact surfaces indicated B are
primed with a slide lacquer at
every Major Service (MS).
The slide-lacquered surfaces will A
be destroyed if the surfaces are
degreased A

Check surfaces indicated A and B for burrs A

or galling. Rectify when necessary.
Bowl body

G 03 78 2 W1
Before fitting the parts, apply lubricant B
according to ‘‘6.8.4 Recommended
lubricants” on page 178 with a well-cleaned
brush on surfaces indicated A and B. B
G 0 3 78 2X 1

Operating slide

A
G 10 1 19 21

Operating ring
Hydraulic ring

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6.4.9 Lock ring; priming

(non-food applications only)

1 Threads, guide and contact surfaces to be primed.

Recommended agents for priming procedure:

Degreasing agent

Slide lacquer Molykote D321R (varnish or spray)

Small power drill

2 fibre brushes

G 0 53 72 O 1
2 Clean the lock ring and spray surfaces with slide lacquer.

a Clean the lock ring thoroughly with a

degreasing agent and wipe it off.

G 02 06 91 1

b Spray the threads, guide and contact

surfaces with slide lacquer Molykote
D321R. Let the lacquer air-cure for about
15 minutes.
G 0 20 70 11

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3 Polish, spray and polish again

a Use a fibre brush to polish the slide

lacquer into the surface. The black spray
will look like well-polished leather when
properly finished.

G 02 07 3 11
b Spray the lock ring a second time and let
it dry for about 15 minutes.

G 02 07 21 1
c Polish the slide lacquer to a black shiny
surface which will now last about a year.

NOTE

Proceed in the same way with the threads

G 0 20 7 31 1

of the bowl body and with the guide

surfaces of the bowl hood and bowl body.

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6.4.10 Cyclone; seal rings

1 Clean and renew seal rings

a Dismantle and clean the cyclone and the

adjoining pipes.
When assembly, renew the sealing rings
marked in the illustration.

The new sealing rings are included in the

Major Service (MS) kit.

G 07 78 5E 1
6.4.11 Cover with turning unit
(Centrizoom TM)

1 Lubricate parts (A) and (B)

a Separate the two b Mark the tooth segment and

parts of the cover. spur gear.

NOTE

The setting of the paring

tubes by the Centrizoom™
will be wrong if the relative
position between the tooth
c Knock out the segment and spur gear are
cylindrical pin altered.
and lift up the
tooth segment.

d Press the turning

stud out of the
cover.

e Lubricate the teeth of the tooth

segment (A) and fill the two
grooves in the turning stud (B)
with ball bearing grease. f Assemble the unit in reverse order.
G 0 8 35 68 1

Note the marks made during the

dismantling.

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6.4.12 Lubrication of bowl parts

a Apply lubrication, see ‘‘6.8.4 Recommended lubricants” on

page 178, on the following contact surfaces. For non-food
applications also apply D321 on the operating slide and the
bowl body guide pin.

Sliding bowl bottom

Bowl body
(for non-food applications also
apply D321 on guide pin)

Operating slide
G 10 11 9 31

Operating ring
Hydraulic ring

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6.4.13 Bowl hood seal ring

1 Removing the seal ring from the bowl hood.

Max. permitted indentation of Poor sealing between the bowl hood seal ring
the seal ring is 1 mm and the sealing edge of the sliding bowl
bottom will cause a leakage of process liquid
from the bowl.

a Knock out the old ring by

means of a pin inserted in the
holes intended for this purpose.

G 02 0 63 41
ING
WARN
!

Risk for eye injury from flying seal ring

parts or from splashing fluid
The seal ring breaks when removed from the bowl
hood and may cause trapped fluid to splash. Wear
safety goggles.

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2 Fit new seal ring i i to the bowl hood

a Press the ring into the groove

with a straight wooden board
placed across the ring.

G 02 06 4 11
NOTE

If the new ring is too

narrow, place it in hot
water (70-80 °C) for
about 5 minutes.
If it is too wide, it will
shrink after drying at
80-90 °C for about 24
hours.

6.4.14 Seal ring

1 Change seal ring on the sliding bowl bottom

a Turn the sliding bowl bottom

upside down and split the
seal ring with a sharp screw
driver so as to be able to
remove it from the groove.

Fit new seal ring M .

b Doing a Major service, heat

the new seal ring for approx.
five minutes in hot water
(70-80 oC) and fit to the 1. Seal ring, Note the correct
sliding bowl bottom. position!
2. Sliding bowl bottom
3. Bowl body
G 02 07 5 51

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6.4.15 Distributor

1 Check the deaeration hole in distributor

G05 6 97 C1
6.4.16 Distributing cone

1 Check that the two holes are free from impurities (only if no plugs are fitted)

G 0 84 0 24 1

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6.5 Common maintenance

directions

6.5.1 Ball and roller bearings

Special-design bearings for the bowl spindle

The bearings used for the bowl spindle are
specified to withstand the speed, vibration,
temperature and load characteristics of high-
speed separators.

G0587321
Only Alfa Laval genuine spare parts should be
used.
1 Outer race
A bearing that appears equivalent to the 2 Ball/roller
genuine may differ considerably in various 3 Inner race
4 Cage
respects: inside clearances, design and
tolerances of the cage and races as well as
material and heat treatment.

NOTE

Using an incorrect bearing can cause a serious

breakdown with damage to equipment as a
result.
Do not re-fit a used bearing. Always replace it
with a new.

Dismantling
For bearings where no driving-off sleeve is
included in the tool kit, remove the bearing
from its seat by using a puller. If possible, let
the puller engage the inner ring, then remove
the bearing with a steady force until the
bearing bore completely clears the entire length
of the cylindrical seat.
The puller should be accurately centred during
G0587411

dismantling; otherwise, it is easy to damage the

seating.
For bearings where no driving-off
sleeve is included in the tool kit, use a
puller when removing bearings
NOTE

Do not strike with a hammer directly on the

bearing.

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Cleaning and inspection

Check shaft (spindle) end and/or bearing seat
in the housing for damage indicating that the
bearing has rotated on the shaft (spindle) and/
or in the housing respectively. Replace the
damaged part(s), if the faults cannot be
remedied by polishing.

Assembly
• Leave new bearings in original wrapping
until ready to fit. The anti-rust agent
protecting a new bearing should not be
removed before use.
• Use the greatest cleanliness when handling
the bearings.
• To facilitate assembly and also reduce the
risk of damage, first clean and then lightly oil
the bearing seating on shaft (spindle) or
alternatively in housing, with a thin oil.

G0587511
Clean and oil the bearing seating
before assembly

• Bearings fitted with two seals (1) are filled

with grease at delivery.

These bearings should not be heated above

60-70 °C before fitting and never heated in
oil. G0873211

If heating in oil or exceeding the temperature Bearing with two seals (1)
above, the grease in the bearing will be
dissolved and the lifetime of the bearing will
be considerably reduced.

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• When assembling ball bearings without

seals, the bearings must be heated in oil to
max. 125 °C.

NOTE

G0587611
Heat the bearing in a clean container.

Use only clean oil with a flash point above

250 °C. The bearing must not be in direct
contact with the container
The bearing must be well covered by the oil and
not be in direct contact with the sides or the
bottom of the container. Place the bearing on
some kind of support or suspended in the oil
bath.

ING
WARN
!

Burn hazard
Use protective gloves when handling the heated
bearings.

• There are several basic rules for assembling

cylindrical bore bearings:
– Never directly strike a bearing’s rings,
cage or rolling elements while assembling.
A ring may crack or metal fragments break
off.
– Never apply pressure to one ring in order
to assemble the other.
– Use an ordinary hammer. Hammers with
soft metal heads are unsuitable as
fragments of the metal may break off and
enter the bearing.
– Make sure the bearing is assembled at a
right angle to the shaft (spindle).

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• If necessary use a driving-on sleeve that

abuts the ring which is to be assembled with
an interference fit, otherwise there is a risk
that the rolling elements and raceways may
be damaged and premature failure may
follow.

G0587711
Use a driving-on sleeve for
bearings that are not
heated.

Angular contact ball bearings

Always fit single-row angular contact ball

G0587211
bearings with the wide shoulder of the inner
race facing the axial load (upwards on a bowl
The wide shoulder of the
spindle). inner race must face the
axial load.

Lubrication

NOTE

Since roller bearings are normally treated only

with rust protection oil from the factory, an
initial lubrication of new bearings must always
be performed whenever bearings are replaced.
This is, however, not valid for bearings with
seals because they are already filled with
grease at delivery.

The initial lubrication implies adding a few

drops of lube oil to the bearings. Use the same
oil type as in the separator.

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6.6 Assembly

6.6.1 Driving device horizontal

NOTE

Renew all parts included in the IS- and MS-kits.

The O-rings and other sealing rings should be
lubricated with grease of silicone type, see
‘‘6.8.5 Recommended lubricating oils” on page
182

NOTE

When mounting some of the ball bearings and

bearing housings on the bowl spindle and
worm wheel shaft as described in this chapter,
these must be heated in oil to max. 125 °C.

ING
WARN
!

Burn hazard
Use protective gloves when handling the
heated bearings.

NOTE

Since roller bearings are normally treated only

with rust protection oil from the factory, an
initial lubrication of new bearings must always
be performed whenever bearings are replaced.
This is, however, not valid for bearings with
seals because they are already filled with
grease at delivery.

The initial lubrication implies adding a few

drops of lube oil to the bearings. Use the same
oil type as in the separator worm gear housing.

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1 Fit the large ball bearing M .

a Clean and oil the seat of the

large ball bearing on the
worm wheel shaft.

b Fit the large ball bearing. The

bearing is pre-lubricated and
sealed with two seals. It
should therefore not be

G 0 19 24 11
heated before fitting.

If necessary, knock the ball

bearing into its seat with the
driving-on sleeve tool and the Mounting tools
ring.

2 Fit the new seal ring M

a Fit a new seal ring inside the

bearing housing. Use soap
water to facilitate mounting.

Seal ring

G 0 57 6 65 1

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3 Fit the round nut

a Lock the ball bearing in its

position by tightening the
round nut.

G 01 91 6 11
4 Fit the worm wheel shaft into the frame M .

a Clean the ball bearing

housing in the frame and oil
the outer race of the ball
bearing.
Mounting tools

G 02 1 35 21
NOTE

The bearing must

cool down before
fitting the worm
wheel shaft into the
frame. Otherwise
the tolerance
between the outer
diameter of the
bearing and the b Force the worm wheel shaft
bearing housing into its position in the frame so
will be too narrow. that the ball bearing enters
correctly into its seat. Use the
driving-on sleeve and the ring
forcing the outer race of the
ball bearing.

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5 Fit the lock ring

a Fit the lock ring. Tighten it with

the pin spanner.

Left-hand thread!

G 0 24 60 11
6 Fit the coupling disc

a Fit the coupling disc. Check b Lock the coupling disc in its
that the key in the worm wheel position by means of the plain
shaft enters into the recess in washer, spring washer and
the nave of the disc. centre screw.

G 0 77 77 11
c If the pulley has been removed, first lubricate
the motor shaft, see page 178. Then knock the
disc on to the motor shaft as far as possible
using a piece of wood and a hammer.

Screw the tool illustrated into the motor shaft

as far it goes and apply some grease to its G 04 8 59 11

washer. Then turn the tool until the pulley is in

position. Lock with the lock screw.

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7 Fit the elastic plates M

a Check the three elastic plates

and guide ring. Clean or
renew, if needed.

b Fit the electric motor, using a

hoist.

G 0 7 78 29 1
8 Check the axial play

a Check the axial play between

two of the flexible plates.

Correct measure (A) is 4 +2 mm.

The measure can be adjusted by

moving the pulley (1) axially on
G 06 3 38 51

the motor shaft.

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9 Assemble the worm wheel and fit it onto the shaft

a Worm wheel assembly:

If the rubber buffers (1) have

been replaced in the worm
wheel, apply some Loctite
270 on the six screws (A).
Then tighten crosswise with
33 Nm.

G 0 19 1 92 1
b Clean the worm wheel shaft and the
inner surface of the worm wheel
nave thoroughly with a clean cloth.
Then oil the surfaces. The oil must
be of the same quality as used in
the worm gear housing.

G 05 71 83 1
Carefully push the worm wheel as
far as possible onto the shaft.

10 Fit the clamping element to the worm wheel

a Clean the inner surface of the

clamping element and oil it.
The oil must be of the same
quality as is used in the gear
housing. Slip the clamping
element onto the worm wheel.
The tightening is described in
conjunction with mounting the
bowl spindle on page 147.
G 0 2 13 81 1

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11 Fit the heated bearing onto the worm wheel shaft

a Mount the heated ball bearing

onto the free end of the worm
wheel shaft. If necessary,
apply the mounting tool and
hit a few blows on the bearing
to get it in the correct position. NOTE

G 0 48 56 11
Hitting with heavy
strokes can
damage the inner
bearing on the
worm wheel shaft.

12 Fit the cooling coil in the worm gear housing

a Fit gaskets M (A) onto the

cooling coil tubes and place
the cooling coil in the worm
gear housing.

G 0 79 80 5 1

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13 Fit corrugated shim, O-ring, seal strip and gasket in the bearing shield and cooling coil.

a Clean the bearing seat in the

bearing shield (11). Fit a new
O-ring (11A) M and
corrugated shim (11B) M
into the bearing shield.

G 0 82 86 C1
NOTE

Check that the end b Renew the gasket M (10)

bearing on the and fit the bearing shield
shaft has cooled using the two guide pins in
down. Otherwise the tool set. Note that the
the tolerance shield can be fitted in one
between the outer position only.
diameter of the If necessary, pull it into
bearing and the
position using the screws or
seat in the bearing
tap its centre with a tin
shield will be too
narrow. hammer.

c Press the two tube ends of the

cooling coil (15) into the
bearing shield.

d Fit the washers (16) and nuts

(17) and tighten the coil to the
shield.

G 07 9 79 11

e Connect the cooling water to

the coil. Supply the cooling
water and check for leakages.

f Fit the seal strip M (12) and

the guard (13) covering the
bearing shield.

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14 Check the radial wobble

a Check the radial wobble of the worm wheel shaft

by first camping a dial indicator in a magnetic
support and fasten it to the surface for the worm
wheel guard. Turn the worm wheel shaft by hand.
Permissible radial wobble is maximum 0,10 mm.

If the wobble is greater, the worm wheel shaft must

be removed from the frame for closer examination.
Get in touch with your Alfa Laval representative as
the worm wheel shaft may need to be renewed.

NOTE

Excessive wobble
on the worm wheel
shaft may cause
vibration and
noise.

G 0 24 6 17 1

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6.6.2 Driving device vertical

1 Mount the top bearing M and holders

a Wipe off and oil the bearing

seats before fitting the
bearing support and ball
bearings.

b Check the indentations in the

lower ball bearing holder and
the top bearing support made
by the springs. Admitted
indentations are max. 0,5 mm.

Lower bearing holder Top bearing support

Rubber buffer with springs

c Heat the upper and lower ball Upper bearing holder

bearing holders and fit them
on the top bearing M .

Top bearing

Lower bearing holder

G 0 18 90 2 1

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2 Fit the top bearing assembly on the spindle

a Heat the top bearing

assembly and fit it on the
spindle. Use the oil fan as a
tool to secure the correct
position of the top bearing
assembly.

Tighten the oil fan with the pin

spanner.
b Remove the oil fan
after about five

G 0 1 89 24 1
minutes.

3 Lower the spindle into the mounting tube

Upper rubber buffer a Fit the O-ring M on

the top bearing cover.
Top bearing cover

b Place the top bearing

O-ring cover and the upper
rubber buffer M , the
one without springs,
upside down in the
mounting tube tool.

Mounting tube
c Lower the bowl spindle
upside down into the
tube and be sure that the
parts come into their
positions.
G 0 18 9 34 1

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4 Place the lower rubber buffer, the top bearing support

a Place the lower

rubber M buffer
with springs on the
ball bearing holder.
Bearing support

b Fit a new O-ring M in

the top bearing cover and
fit the bearing support.

c Screw the top bearing

support together with the
top bearing cover by
tightening the three
screws.

G 01 89 42 1

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5 Fit the oil fan

G 0 1 89 54 1
6 Fit the worm wheel and spacing sleeve

a Force the worm wheel

by hand onto the
lower, cleaned
tapered part of the
bowl spindle.

b Fit the spacing

sleeve.

Wipe off and oil the

NOTE bearing seat before
fitting the bottom
The worm should bearing.
not be heated
before assembly.
G 01 8 96 61

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7 Fit the bottom bearing M and protecting collar onto the spindle

a Heat the bottom

bearing M and fit it
on the spindle.

b Heat the protecting

collar and fit it on the
spindle.

G 01 89 9 51

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8 Fit the bottom bearing housing to the frame

a Fit new O-rings M to

the bottom bearing
housing and fit the
housing to the frame.

G 0 83 15 8 1
9 Fit the spindle assembly into the frame

a When the bottom bearing and protecting

collar have cooled down, lift the bowl
spindle assembly into the frame with the
lifting tool fitted on the spindle top.

Lower the spindle with great care to avoid

damaging the worm teeth. Guide the
spindle into the bottom bearing housing.
Also guide the spindle so the screw holes
in the bearing housing are in line with the
holes in the frame.

If the spindle assembly does not quite

bottom in its seat, knock lightly on the
spindle top with a tin hammer.

b Fasten the bowl spindle assembly

in the frame with the six screws.
G 0 18 81 41

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10 Check radial wobble

a Set up a dial indicator on a magnetic (A) is max. allowed radial wobble
stand. Use the key for the large lock ring = 0,04 mm.
as a support for the stand.

G 0 68 14 11
b Use the coupling drum to
revolve the spindle manually.

Measure the wobble at the top

of the tapered end of the
spindle. Permissible radial
wobble (A) is maximum 0,04
mm.

G 06 81 91 1
c Because this is a hollow spindle, the wobble
should also be checked at the cylindrical part
right at the bottom of the spindle above the
thread.

Permissible radial wobble (A) is max.

0,04 mm.

If any of the wobbles is too large, renew all the

ball bearings on the spindle.

Excessive wobble can cause abnormal wear

of the axial seal and result in leakage.

Measure the wobble again after assembly. If it

is still excessive, the spindle is probably
G 0 68 33 1 1

damaged and must be renewed.

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11 Fit rubber ring M protecting cap and guide ring

b Fit the protecting cap,

guide ring and tighten
the six screws.
a Fit a new rubber ring
M in the frame top
part and a new O-ring
to the M top
bearing cover.

G 09 63 6 61
12 Fit the protecting collar, O-ring and protecting plate

a Fit the protecting collar

and a new O-ring M .

NOTE

Check that the protecting

collar is in the bottom
position (resting against
the thrust collar) before
tightening the protecting
plate.

Guide ring
b Fit the protecting
plate and tighten the
screws.
G 0 96 35 41

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13 Fitting the distributing cover, hydraulic ring and control paring disc.

a Fit new gasket M and the

distributing cover. Tighten the
screws.

b Fit the hydraulic

ring and the
control paring
disc with their
O-rings i .

See next page for height adjustment of

the control paring disc.

G 0 96 3 45 1

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14 Height adjustment of the control paring disc.

a Gaskets to be
mounted in such a way
that the dimension 173
+ 0,7 is obtained.

G 08 70 08 1
NOTE!
Always mount at least
one gasket.

15 Check for scraping noise

NOTE

Rotate the spindle by

rotating the coupling drum
by hand and check for
smooth run. No scraping

G 0 68 1 91 1
or other jarring sounds
must be heard.

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16 Fit the clamping elements

a Push the worm wheel on the

horizontal shaft into position
for driving the bowl spindle.

b Check that the inner surface

of the clamping element is
clean and oiled.

c Slip the clamping element

onto the worm wheel and fix
the worm wheel by first
tightening the three clamping
element screws A, B and C
but only such that the
clamping element just sticks
on the worm wheel.

d Then tighten all the screws uniformly

and successively around the

G 0 20 7 84 1
clamping ring in the order indicated in
the illustration (1-12). Do not tighten
crosswise.

Tightening torque: 29 Nm.

The tightening must be repeated

NOTE
several turns around the clamping
element until the screws are fully Check continuously that
tightened. the ring of the clamping
element fit evenly.

17 Fitting the clutch cover.

a Fit the cover and its

gasket covering the worm
gear housing. Also fit the
coupling cover if
removed.
G 0 6 83 41 1

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6.6.3 Inlet device

1 Fit the upper parts.

a Fit a new O-ring M inside the sleeve

and fit the sleeve onto the bowl spindle.
Press until firm contact has been
NOTE
obtained with the throttle ring, which
has already been fitted in the frame. Cleanliness and
accuracy is of greatest
importance when
handling the mechanical
seal.
Never exert the seal to
blows or other careless
handling.

Sleeve

Inlet ring Plug, alternative.

b Fit the O-rings M and

the inlet ring onto the upper
part of the inlet housing.

G 0 96 32 81
Secure with the snap ring. c Place the same height
adjusting rings in the
housing that were removed
during dismantling.

ING
WARN
!

Risk for eye injury by

flying snap ring
Be careful when
pressing in the snap ring
to avoid accidental
release.

d Fit the upper inlet housing

onto the separator frame.

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2 Check the height position.

a Check the height position (A) of

the upper inlet housing.

Correct distance of A is
29,5 ±0,7 mm.

If the height has to be adjusted,

add or remove appropriate

G 0 8 35 88 1
height adjusting rings
(thickness = 0,5 and 1,0 mm).

Nut (bottom edge)

NOTE

Check that the height adjusting rings are correctly

centred. Otherwise it can be difficult to fit the
mechanical seal.

Also Ensure that no visible damage is present

and leading edges are free from burrs.

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3 Assemble and refitting the seal.

b Fit the mounting tool (C) into the

mechanical seal in the same way
a Fit new O-rings to
as when removed the seal.
the seal.
Fit the shorter screws (D) for

G 08 3 58 21
assembly.

When mounting a new seal the

tool is normally already fitted onto
this seal.

e Remove the tool by unscrewing

d Carefully push the seal onto the the screws (D) and turn the tool
c Lubricate all visible bowl spindle until the flange (B) carefully clockwise (seen from
O-rings. comes in contact with the flange the bottom) until the bayonet pin
of the upper inlet housing. (A) loosens from the
corresponding groove.

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4 Fitting the lower parts.

a Fit and tighten the nut.

Check that the edges of the Plug, alternative.

nut and the bowl spindle are
in line.

b Fit a new rectangular ring

M to the lower part of the
inlet housing and fit the
housing. Tighten the screws
crosswise.

NOTE

If the edges are not in line

the mechanical seal has
been incorrectly fitted. This NOTE
must be remedied before
continuing the assembly. There will be a visible
slot of about 2 mm when
the housings are
tightened together.

Rectangular ring M

G 09 63 29 1
c Connect the elbow pipe and
the piping for sealing and
process liquids.

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6.6.4 Bowl

1 Check operating slide and bowl body

a Poor sealing between the

valve plugs (1) in the operating
slide and bowl body may
prevent complete closing of the
bowl.
Examine the sealing surfaces (2)
of the bowl body in contact with
the valve plugs. Remove any
marks and lime deposits with a
very fine grain emery cloth.

G 06 70 6 41
2 Fitting new valve plugs on the operating slide i i .

a Remove all the valve plugs.

Tap in the new plugs i .

G 0 53 69 1 1

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3 Fit the operating ring and the operating slide i M .

a Fit new rectangular ring i to the

bowl body.

b Place the operating slide on

the bowl body.

c Fit new rectangular rings and

O-ring i to the operating
ring.

d Fit the operating ring.

G 0 8 61 0F 1

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4 Turn the bowl body an fasten the operating ring

a Turn the bowl body using a hoist to

its up-right position with a strap
threaded through two sludge ports.

b Fasten the operating

ring with the screws.

G 0 86 10 D1

c Turn the bowl body in an upright

position.

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5 Fit the bowl body onto the spindle

a Wipe off the spindle top and nave
bore in the bowl body. Lubricate
the tapered end of the spindle and
wipe it off with a clean cloth.

b Fit the lifting tool into the bowl body

bottom with the three screws.
Turn the handle at the top of the
lifting tool so that the central screw
is home.

b Lower the bowl body using hoist until the

central screw rests on the spindle top.
Then screw up the central screw so that
the bowl body sinks down onto the
spindle.

Remove the tool.

Hydraulic ring
Screws
G 05 35 9 41

b Fit the three hexagon socket head

screws in the bottom of the bowl body
and the three screws for attaching the
hydraulic ring.

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6 Change seal ring Mi on the sliding bowl bottom an fit the sliding bowl bottom

a Turn the sliding bowl bottom

upside down and inject
compressed air through the
hole on the underside. This
will press the ring outwards
far enough to be gripped
easily.

G 02 07 5 11
b Fit new seal ring M .
Chamfer up

c Before fitting the sliding bowl bottom to the bowl

body; fit new gasket and O-ring i .

O-ring

Gasket

G 0 20 7 58 1
d Except lubrication of the parts
mentioned in ‘‘6.4.8 Guide
surfaces” on page 116, also
lubricate the guide pin fitted
in bottom of the bowl.

Fit the lifting tool to the sliding

bowl bottom and lift it into the
bowl body using a hoist.
G 0 53 3 26 1

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7 Fit the distributing cone and the cap nut

a Attach the lifting tool to the

distributing cone and fit the
distributing cone onto the
sliding bowl bottom.

Check that the guide pins on

the underside of the
distributing cone enter the
recess in the sliding bowl
bottom.

b Fit the cap nut and tighten

firmly by using the special
tool.

Left-hand thread!

c Apply silicone grease on the two O-

rings i for the wing crown. Put the
O-rings in their grooves and press
down the crown into the distributing
cone.

Knock cautiously with a soft hammer to

get the sleeve into correct position.
G 0 5 69 7A 1

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8 Assemble the disc stack and fit into the bowl

a Assemble the discs one by one on the

distributor. The distributor has one guide rib for
positioning the discs correct.
Top disc
A= Standard (caulks 0,8 mm)
Start with the bottom disc which has caulks
also on its underside. Continue with the smaller
discs (9 pcs), Continue with the large discs (84
A B/C D pcs).

B = Wash hot (caulks 0,6 mm)

Start with the bottom disc which has caulks
also on its underside. Continue with the rest of
the discs (112 pcs).

C = Wash cold (caulks 1,0 mm)

Start with the bottom disc which has caulks
also on its underside. Continue with the rest of
the discs (81 pcs).

D = High viscous-degumming (caulks 0,8 mm)

Start with the bottom disc which has caulks
also on its underside. Continue with the rest of
the discs, small/ large respectively as
illustrated (42+42 pcs).

Bottom disc

Distributor b Fit the lifting tool to the

distributor and lift the
distributor with disc stack
into the sliding bowl
bottom using a hoist.

Check that the drill mark

E
(E) on the distributor is in
line with the guide key (F)
on the bowl body.
ING F The guide pins in the
WARN
! distributing cone will then
fit into the recesses on the
underside of the
Cut hazard
distributor.
Sharp edges on the
separator discs may
cause cuts.

c Finally fit the top disc.

G 05 69 7 J1

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9 Fit the bowl hood

a Fit the lifting tool to the bowl

hood and lift it using a hoist.

G 05 39 9 21
b Check that the O-ring
i and the seal ring of the
bowl hood are properly fitted
and lubricated.

Make certain that the so-

called dovetail slot (1) is well
cleaned.

G 07 3 22 51

c Lower the bowl hood straight

down onto the disc stack,
otherwise it may get stuck. Be
careful not to scratch the bowl
hood seal ring.
G 05 3 56 21

Check that the guide recess

on the bowl hood enters the
guide lug in the bowl body.

Remove the lifting tool.

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10 Lubricate contact- and guide surfaces

a Lubricate the lock ring

threads, contact and guide
surfaces with lubricating
paste, see ‘‘6.8.4
Recommended lubricants” on
page 178.

G 0 5 44 76 1

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11 Fit the lock ring and compress the disc stack

a Fit the lifting tool to the bowl

hood and lift it using a hoist.

G 0 53 15 D1
b Fit the lifting tool onto the bowl
hood.

G 0 53 12 21
c Fit the compressing tool by
screwing the pole of the tool
into the threads of the
distributor by the horizontal
handle.

The control lever on the

compressing tool, should be

G 0 53 13 11
in position 0.

d Turn the control lever to

position 1 for compression.
Compress the disc stack by
pumping with the horizontal
handle until the oil pressure is
released through the relief
valve.
G 0 53 36 41

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12 Tighten the lock ring

a Fit the lock ring spanner and

tighten the large lock ring, first
by hand.
Then advance the lock ring by
giving the spanner handle
some blows until the φ-marks
are in line or passed.

Left-hand thread!

G 0 57 11 31
NOTE
A
The assembly marks
must never pass each
other more than 25°
which corresponds to
A=100 mm.

G 05 7 81 31
(MAX 25 )
If the assembly marks have passed each
other by more than 25° after tightening
the lock ring, contact your Alfa Laval
representative.
b Release the pressure in the
compressing tool by turning
the control lever to position 0
and then remove the
compressing and lifting tools.

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Checking of disc stack pressure

If the disc stack pressure is correct it should be
possible to tighten the lock ring so far by hand
that the φ-mark on the lock ring is positioned
20-30 mm before the mark on the bowl hood
when the compressing tool is used.
To achieve this an appropriate number of discs
in the disc stack beneath the top disc must be
fitted. Add or remove discs if necessary.

NOTE

When checking the disc stack pressure in this way,

the threads of the lock ring and the bowl body must
be well cleaned.

If the φ-marks do not reach or pass each other

after giving the spanner handle some blows, the
reason could be an incorrectly assembled bowl
or too many discs in the disc stack. Reassemble
and check.

NOTE

Ensure that the disc stack pressure is sufficient to

maintain bowl balance. Insufficient pressure in the
disc stack can cause vibration and reduce lifetime
of ball bearings.

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Complementary check of disc stack

pressure:
• With the large lock ring correctly tightened
and the compressing tool mounted on the
separator bowl, turn the control lever to
position 1 for compression.
• Compress the disc stack by pumping the
horizontal handle until the oil pressure is

G 0 5 33 63 1
released through the relief valve.
• Measure the height (H1) of the piston rod
(see illustration) with the slide calliper depth
gauge. Make a note of the reading obtained.
• Release the pressure in the compressing
tool by turning the control lever to position 0.
The piston rod will now move downwards
slightly when the disc set is released inside
the bowl.
• Measure once again the height (H2) of the
piston rod with the slide calliper and make a
note of the reading obtained.

If the difference between H1 and H2 is less

than 2 mm, the disc stack pressure is
correct.

If it exceeds 2 mm, the number of discs is

insufficient. Add one or more discs and
repeat the above procedure until the correct
disc stack pressure is obtained.

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6.6.5 Outlet and frame hood

1 Check the threads of the outlet pipe and paring disc

Damage to the threads of outlet pipe and

the top surfaces of distributing cone and
paring chamber bottom part may cause
the paring disc and/or paring tubes to
scrape against the paring chamber cover
even if the height of the outlet housing has
been adjusted correctly.

Screw the outlet pipe into the paring disc NOTE

and check that the outlet pipe turns easily.
Left-hand thread!

G 0 5 81 45 1
2 Fit the paring disc, lower paring chamber cover, paring tube holder and upper paring chamber

Paring chamber cover upper

a Renew and lubricate with silicone

grease the O-rings i on all parts
Paring tube holder and fit the parts.

Paring chamber cover lower O-rings i

Paring disc

G 09 63 1B 1

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3 Fit the small lock ring

a Lubricate the small lock ring and

tighten it using the special spanner.
.
Left-hand thread!

See ‘‘6.8.4 Recommended

lubricants” on page 178

G 0 72 79 M 1

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4 Fitting the frame hood i M .

a Fit the seal strip i and fit a new

O-ring M in the frame.

b Put the frame hood in place

and tighten it with the screws.

Remove the lifting eyes.

G 0 5 30 9D 1

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5 Control measurement of paring disc height i M .

The height position of the outlet device is decided

by the position of the top of the upper paring
chamber cover in the relation to the outlet housing
which will be fitted onto the top of the frame hood
next.

The height position should normally not be checked

at Intermediate Service but when the bowl spindle
has been removed (each Major Service) or when
the bowl has been replaced.

The tolerances are narrow and therefore it is of

G 0 87 00 9 1
great importance that the parts are well cleaned
and free from burrs.

Upper paring chamber cover

Height adjusting rings
are mounted in such a
way that the dimension
43 ±0,5 mm is
obtained.

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6 Fit the outlet device

a Renew and lubricate with silicone

grease the rectangular ring, O-rings
and bearings i .

f Connect the elbow

pipe and outlet
connections.

e Fit the outlet pipe and

tighten it firmly.

Left-hand thread!

d Fit the cover with

turning unit into the
b Fit the outlet housing outlet housing. Secure
on the frame hood and with the screws.
secure it with the
screws.
c Lower the turning socket
straight down into the
paring tube holder fitted
in the top of the bowl.
Turn the turning socket
anticlockwise to stop.

O-ring i
G 0 96 31 G 1

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7 Fit connections and check for scraping noise

a Connect the two air supply

pipes to the rotary actuator on
the turning unit and connect
flushing connections to the
outlet housing if any.

b When the outlet device is

assembled, revolve the
worm wheel shaft by hand.
If it turns heavily or if a
scraping noise is heard,
wrong height adjustment of
the outlet device or wrong
fitting of the outlet pipe may
be the cause.

G 06 81 9 11
8 Fill gear housing with oil

a Fit the oil drain plug and pour oil into

the gear housing. The oil level should
be slightly above middle of the sight
glass.

See ‘‘8.2 Technical data” on page 206

for oil volume and ‘‘6.8 Oil Change”
on page 173 for further instructions.
G 0 82 69 11

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6.7 Actions after assembly

6.7.1 Control of machine plates and

safety labels o
Alfa Laval ref. 574225 rev. 0

1 Check that the following signs are attached.

y

Lifting instructions

Space for additional label as specified.

Space for label

indicating
Machine plate representative.

Indicating direction
of rotation of
horizontal driving
device.

Plate
Cover

S 00 50 1G 1

Sign 50 Hz

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2 Check legibility. Following texts should be read on the labels.

Separator
Manufacturing serial No. / Year
Product No.
Inlet device
Outlet device
Bowl
Machine bottom part
Max. speed (bowl)
Direction of rotation (bowl)
Speed motor shaft
El. current frequency
Recommended motor power
Max. density of feed
Max. density of sediment
Max. density of operating liquid

Warning
! WA R N I N G
Read the instruction manuals before installation, operation and maintenance.
Consider inspection intervals.
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXX XXXX XXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX XXX
XXXXXXX XXXXX XX
XXXXX XXXXXXX
XXX XXX X XXX XX XXXX
XXXX XX X X XXXXX XXX
X XXX XXXX XXX XX XX X
XX X XXXXX XX X XXXX
XXX XXX X XXXXXX
Failure to strictly follow instructions can lead to fatal injury.
XXXXXXXXX. X XXX X XXX. XXX XXX XXX X XXXXX
XXX X XXXX .
XXXXX XXX XXXX XXX
XXXXX XXXX X XXXX XXX XXXXX X XXXXX XX X
XX. XXX XX XXX XXX XX X.
If excessive vibration occurs, stop separator and keep bowl filled with liquid
XXXXXXX/XX,X XX
during rundown.
Out of balance vibration will become worse if bowl is not full.
Separator must stop rotating before any dismantling work is started.

Read instruction manual before lifting.

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6.8 Oil Change

The separator should be at standstill when
oil is filled or the oil level is checked.

6.8.1 When changing oil

Worm wheel and worm; wear of teeth

To check at each oil change
Check the teeth of both the worm wheel and
worm for wear. Examine the contact surfaces
and compare the tooth profiles with the ‘‘ Tooth
appearance examples” on page 174. The gear
may operate satisfactorily even when worn to
some degree.
• Replace both worm wheel and worm at the
same time, even if only one of them is worn.
• To avoid damaging the teeth when lifting the

G 0 56 8 04 1
bowl spindle, push the worm wheel to one
side first.
1. Worm
Position the spindle in correct place before
2. Worm wheel
fitting the worm wheel.

When replacing the gear, always make sure

that the new worm wheel and worm have the
same number of teeth as the old ones. See
chapter ‘‘8.2 Technical data” on page 206 for
correct number of teeth.

ING
WARN
!
G0205411

Disintegration hazard
Check that gear ratio is correct for power
Check the gear ratio (number of
frequency used. If incorrect, subsequent teeth) when replacing the gear.
overspeed may result in a serious breakdown.

NOTE

Presence of metal chips in the oil bath is an

indication that the gear is wearing abnormally.

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Important!
When using mineral-type oil in the worm gear
housing, the presence of black deposits on the
spindle parts is an indication that the oil base
has deteriorated seriously or that some of the
oil additives have precipitated. If pitting is
found on the worm gear, the cause could be that
the additives are not suitable for this purpose.
In all these cases it is strongly recommended to
change to a high-temperature oil.
For further information, see ‘‘6.8 Oil Change”
on page 173.

Tooth appearance examples

Satisfactory teeth:
Uniform wear of contact surfaces. Surfaces are
smooth.
Good contact surfaces will form on the teeth

G0538711
when the gear is subjected to only moderate
load during its running-in period. Satisfactory teeth
Worn teeth:
Permissible wear is as a rule 1/3 of the
thickness of the upper part of a tooth, provided
that
• the wear is uniform over the whole of the

G0538811
flank of a tooth
Worn teeth
• all teeth are worn in the same way.
Spalling:
Small bits of the teeth have broken off, so-
called spalling. This is generally caused by
excessive load or improper lubrication. Damage
G0538911

of this type may not necessitate immediate

replacement, but careful checking at short Spalling
intervals is of imperative importance.
Pitting:
Small cavities in the teeth, so-called pitting,
can occur through excessive load or improper
lubrication. Damage of this type need not
necessitate immediate replacement, but careful
G0539011

check at short intervals is of imperative

importance. Pitting

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6.8.2 Oil change procedure

1 Drain the oil

G 08 2 83 21
a Place a collecting tray under
the drain hole, remove the
cover (1) and drain plug (3)
and then drain out the oil.

ON
CAUTI
!

Burn hazard
The lubricating oil and
various machine surfaces

G 04 8 42 41
can be sufficiently hot to
cause burns.

2 Fill oil

a Fill new oil in the worm gear housing.

The oil level should be slightly above
middle of the sight glass.
ON
CAUTI
!
Oil volume: Approx. 12,5 litres
(see ‘‘8.2 Technical data” on page 206)
During operation the oil
level must be slightly below
Suitable oil brands can be found in
the middle of the sight
G 0 2 62 03 1

‘‘6.8.6 Recommended oil brands” on

glass.
page 183.
If the oil level is too high,
the lifetime of the roller
bearings will be reduced
due to high temperature.

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6.8.3 Lubrication chart, general

Alfa Laval ref. 553216-01, rev. 6

Lubricating points Type of lubricant

Bowl spindle ball bearings and buffers are lubricated by Lubricating oil as specified in ‘‘6.8.5 Recommended
oil mist lubricating oils” on page 182

Bowl spindle taper Lube oil, only a few drops for rust protection

Metal buffers of bowl spindle Lube oil

Bowl: Pastes as specified in ‘‘6.8.4 Recommended lubricants” on

Sliding contact surfaces and pressure loaded surfaces page 178
such as lock rings, threads of lock rings, bowl hood and
cap nut

Rubber seal rings Grease as specified in ‘‘6.8.4 Recommended lubricants” on

page 178

Friction coupling ball bearings The bearings are packed with grease and sealed and need
no extra lubrication

Electric motor Follow manufacturer's instructions

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Alfa Laval Lubricating Oil Groups

• Group A oil: a high quality gear oil on paraffin base with stable AW (anti
wear) additives.
• Group B oil: a high quality gear oil on paraffin base with stable EP
(extreme pressure) additives.
• Group D oil: a synthetic base oil with additives stable at high operating
temperatures.
• Group E oil: Characteristics as a group D-oil but suitable at a higher
operation power (≤55 kW)
• Do not mix different oil brands or oils from different oil groups.
• Always use clean vessels when handling lubricating oil.
• Great attention must be paid not to contaminate the lubricating oil. Of
particular importance is to avoid mixing of different types of oil. Even a few
drops of motor oil mixed into a synthetic oil may result in severe foaming.

Any presence of black deposits in a mineral type oil is an indication that

the oil base has deteriorated seriously or that some of the oil additives
have precipitated. Always investigate why black deposits occurs.
• If it is necessary to change from one group of oil brand to another it is
recommended to do this in connection with an overhaul of the separator.
Clean the gear housing and the spindle parts thoroughly and remove all
deposits before filling the new oil.

NOTE

Always clean and dry parts (also tools) before lubricants are applied.

ON
CAUTI
!
Check the oil level before start. Top up when necessary.
Oil volume = see “‘‘8.2 Technical data” on page 206.

• It is of utmost importance to use the lubricants recommended in our

documentation. This does not exclude, however, the use of other brands,
provided they have equivalently high quality properties as the brands
recommended. The use of oil brands and other lubricants than
recommended, is done on the exclusive responsibility of the user or oil
supplier.
Applying, handling and storing of lubricants
• Always be sure to follow lubricants manufacturer's instructions.

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6.8.4 Recommended lubricants

Alfa Laval ref. 553217-01 rev. 11

NOTE

The data in below tables is based on supplier

information in regards to lubrication properties.
Trade names and designations might vary from
country to country, contact your local supplier
for more information.

Brands with Alfa Laval article number are

approved and recommended for use.

Pastes for non-food applications:

Manufacturer Designation Alfa Laval No

Fuchs Lubritech Gleitmo 805K

Gleitmo 705

Dow Corning Molykote 1000 (Paste) 537086-02 (1000 g)

Molykote 1000 (Paste) 537086-03 (100 g)
Molykote G-rapid plus (Paste) 537086-04 (50 g)

Rocol Dry Moly Paste

MT-LM

Klüber Wolfracoat C (Paste)

Bonded coatings:

Manufacturer Designation Alfa Laval No

Fuchs Lubritech Gleitmo 900 (Varnish or spray)

Dow Corning Molykote D321R (Spray) 535586-01 (375 g)

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Pastes for hygienic applications

(NSF registered H1 is preferred):

Manufacturer Designation Hygienic Comment Alfa Laval No

Bremer & Leguil, Gleitmo 805 DVGW (KTW) approval for

Fuchs Lubritech drinking water
(TZW prüfzeugnis)

Gleitmo 1809 554336-01

Geralyn 2 NSF Registered H1 561764-01 (50 g)

(3 sep 2004)

Geralyn F.L.A NSF Registered H1

(2 Apr 2003)
German §5 Absatz 1 LMBG
approved

Dow Corning Molykote TP 42

Molykote D

Molykote P1900 NSF Registered H1

(7 Jan 2004)

Klüber Klüberpaste 46 MR 401 White; contains no lead,

cadmium, nickel, sulphur nor
halogens.

Klüberpaste UH1 84-201 NSF Registered H1

(26 Aug 2005)

Rocol Foodlube Multi Paste NSF Registered H1

(13 Apr 2001)

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Silicone grease for rubber rings:

Manufacturer Designation Hygienic comment Alfa Laval No

Dow Corning Molykote 111 Conform to the FDA regulations (21 539474-02 (100 g)
(Compound) CFR 178.3570) for occasional food 539474-03 (25 g)
contact. Certified: National Water
Council UK and WRC, UK.
Certified: food industry as per
Chemical Testing Laboratory Dr.
Böhm, Munich.
Molykote G-5032 NSF registered H1 569415-01 (50 g)
(June 3 2005)

Bremer & Leguil, Chemplex 750 DVGW approved according to the

Fuchs Lubritech German KTW-recomendations for
drinking water.
Geralyn SG MD 2 NSF Registered H1
(30 March 2007)
Klüber Unisilkon L 250 L Complies with German
Environmental Agency on hygiene
requirements for tap water.
Certified by DVGW-KTW, WRC,
AS4020, ACS.
Paraliq GTE 703 NSF Registered H1 (25 Feb 2004)
Complies with LMBG and the
European standard EN 1672,
part2.
Bel-Ray No-Tox Silicone valve NSF Registered H1
seal (19 June 2002)
MMCC ALCO 220 NSF Registered H1
(25 March 2002)
Rocol Foodlube Hi-Temp NSF Registered H1
(18 April 2001)

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Greases for ball and roller bearings:

NOTE

Always follow the specific recommendation for

lubrication as advised by the manufacturer.

Manufacturer Designation Hygienic

comment

BP Energrease MP-MG2
Energrease LS2
Energrease LS-EP2

Castrol APS 2
Spheerol EPL 2

Chevron Chevron Dura-Lith Grease EP2

Texaco Multifak AFB 2

Dow Corning Molykote G-0101

Molykote Multilub

ExxonMobil Beacon EP2

Unirex N2
Mobilith SHC 460
Mobilux EP2

Fuchs Lubritech Lagermeister EP2

Q8/Kuwait Petroleum Rembrandt EP2

Shell Alvania EP 2
Albida EP2

SKF LGEP 2
LGMT 2
LGFB 2 NSF registered H1 (14
sept 2005)

Total Multis EP2

BP Energrease MP-MG2
Energrease LS2
Energrease LS-EP2

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6.8.5 Recommended lubricating oils

Alfa Laval ref. 553219-07, rev. 2

Type of frame: X 10 with motor <25 kW.

One group of lubricating oil is approved for this
separator. It is designated as Alfa Laval
lubricating oil group B.
The numerical value after the letter states the
viscosity grade.
The corresponding commercial oil brands are
found in ‘‘6.8.6 Recommended oil brands” on
page 183.

Ambient temperature Alfa Laval lubricating oil Time in operation

(°C) group
Oil change interval

Between +5 and +45 B/220 1 500 h

NOTE

• In a new installation or after change of gear

transmission, change oil after 200 operating
hours.
• When the separator is operated for short
periods, lubricating oil must be changed
every 12 months even if the total number of
operating hours is less than stated in the
recommendations above.
• Check and prelubricate spindle bearings on
separators which have been out of service
for 6 months or longer.
• In seasonal operation, change oil before
every operating period.

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6.8.6 Recommended oil brands

Alfa Laval ref. 553218-02, rev. 4

NOTE

The following is a list of recommended oil brands.

Trade names and designations might vary from
country to country.
Please contact your local oil supplier for more
information.

Paraffinic mineral lubricating oil,

category (ISO-L-) CKE 220.

Alfa Laval lubrication oil group B

Viscosity grade VG (ISO 3448/3104) VG 220

Viscosity index VI (ISO 2909) VI 90

Manufacturer Designation

Bel-ray 100 Gear Oil 90

BP Energol GR-XP 220

Castrol Alpha SP 220

(former Optimol) Optigear BM 220

ChevronTexaco Gear Compound EP 220 (H2)

Ultra Gear 220 (H2)
Texaco/Caltex Meropa 220

Exxon/Mobil Spartan EP 220 (H2)

Mobilgear 630
Mobilgear SHC (XMP) 220, Synthetic*

Q8/Kuwait Petroleum Goya 220

Shell Omala 220

Omala RL 220 Synthetic*

Statoil LoadWay EP 220

Mereta 220, Synthetic*

Total Carter EP 220

Elf Epona Z 220
Carter SH 220, Synthetic*

* These oils must be used when the frame temperature is above 80 °C. If you
can’t verify the temperature by measuring, a rough estimate is that 80 °C is
when you can touch the surface of lower part of frame for a short time only.

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The list of recommended oil brands are not complete. Other oil brands may
be used as long as they have equivalently quality as the brands
recommended. The oil must have the same viscosity class and shall follow
the requirements in one of the standards below. The oil must also be
endorsed for worm gear with brass worm wheel. The use of other lubricants
than the recommended is done on the exclusive responsibility of the user or
oil supplier.

Standard Designation

ISO 12925-1, (ISO 6743/6) ISO-L-CKC/CKD/CKE/CKT 220

DIN 51517 part 3 DIN 51517 - CLP 220

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6.9 Lifting instructions

Alfa Laval ref. 574157, rev. 0

1 2

G 0 86 05 G 1
1 Lifting eye (frame).
2 Screw.

6.9.1 Lifting the separator

Attach three adjustable slings

(1) or cables to the lifting eyes
(the screws must be tightened
with spanner).
Weight to lift approx. 900 kg

ING S0 1 00 01 1
WARN
!

Crush hazard
Use only the three special
lifting eyes for lifting the
separator.
A falling separator can
cause accidents resulting
G 0 79 8 36 1

in serious injury to persons

and damage to equipment.

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1 Remove the inlet and outlet device, the

frame hood and the bowl according to the
instructions in ‘‘6.3 Dismantling” on page 70.

NOTE

Never lift or transport the separator with the

bowl still inside.

2 Disconnect all connections.

3 Fit the lifting eyes to the frame.
4 Attach lifting slings to the lifting eyes. Total
length of each loop: minimum 1 metres.
5 Unscrew the foundation bolts.
6 When lifting and moving the separator, follow
normal safety precautions for lifting large
heavy objects.

ING
WARN
!

Crush hazard
A falling separator can cause accidents
resulting in serious injury and damage.
Never lift the separator by any other method
than described in this manual.

NOTE

When lifting parts without weight

specifications, always use lifting straps with
the capacity of at least 500 kg.

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6.9.2 Lifting the bowl

Weight to lift approx. 310 kg

This instruction describes how to lift a

complete bowl, which normally is done only
during a transport of the separator. The lock ring must be properly
Lifting tool tightened when lifting the bowl.

When lifting the bowl, use the special lifting

tool fastened on the bowl hood.

1 Fit the lifting tool to the bowl assembly.

2 Check that the lock ring is mounted correctly
before lifting the complete bowl.
3 Lift the bowl using a sling with the proper
rating.

G 0 5 44 6A 1
NOTE

Never try to lift the bowl while it is still in the

frame.

ING
WARN
!

Crush hazard
A falling bowl can cause accidents resulting
in serious injury and damage.
Never lift the bowl by any other method than
described in this manual.

NOTE

When lifting parts without weight

specifications, always use lifting straps with
the capacity of at least 500 kg.

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6.9.3 Other parts

The frame hood and the heavy bowl parts must
be lifted by means of a hoist. Position the hoist
exactly above the bowl centre. Use endless
lifting straps and a lifting hook with safety
catch. Special tools from the tool kit must be
used for dismantling and assembly. The special
tools are specified in the Spare Parts Catalogue
and are shown as illustrations together with
the dismantling/assembly instructions.

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6.10 Operating water

module (OWMC)

Nut

Cylinder

Turcon AQ-seal
(3 pieces)
Locking wire

Piston

Turcite slide ring

Garter strap

O-rings

Outlet O-ring

Turcon variseal "M"

Air tank
Nozzle

Screw

Two-pulse adapter

End protection

Bracket
G 08 7 83 61

Nut

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6.10.1 Dismantling (MS-service)

NOTE

When dismantling, the OWMC Service kit is

needed.

ING
WARN
!

Crush hazard
Never dismantle the OWMC when
pressurized.

NOTE

The Air tank must only be dismantled by Alfa

Laval personnel.

1 Shut off the air and operating water supply to

the OWMC.
2 Remove the connections for operating water.

3 Pull off the cylinder

a Turn the cylinder anti-clockwise relative to

the air tank. The upper locking wire is
thereby forced out. Use two belt wrenches
when turning the cylinder. The lower tool
prevents the air tank from rotating.

NOTE

Be careful to keep the

cylinder straight against
the air tank.

In order not to damage the

water tank, make sure to
place the upper wrench at
the top of the water tank, as
G 0 87 81 71

illustrated.

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4 Press out the piston

Piston

a Carefully press the piston out

of the cylinder using a soft rod
or similar.

Rod

G 08 78 34 1
5 Checkpoints

Clean and check the condition of the

dismantled parts.
Seal
Check the cylinder, piston and two-
pulse adapter for scratches and
scuffing marks.
Garter strap
Renew the garter strap fitted inside the
cylinder.
Two-pulse adapter
Renew the piston seal rings and the
seal which are included in the service
kit for the module.

Renew all other parts included in the Piston seal rings

service kit.
G 08 78 2 21

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6.10.2 Assembly (MS-service)

1 Assemble the OWMC unit opposite the dismantling

a Check that the piston and inside of the cylinder are

well cleaned. Lubricate the inside of the cylinder with
the grease included in the Service kit for OWMC.

NOTE

Make sure that the hole in

the groove (for the locking
wire end) on the air tank
can be seen through the
slot on the cylinder.

b Lubricate the locking wire with the grease

included in the Service kit for OWMC.

G 0 87 8 18 1
c Place the locking wire end in the hole in
the air tank. Secure the cylinder to the air
tank with the locking wire by turning the
cylinder clockwise relative to the air tank
until the hook on the locking wire reaches
the groove.

d Fit water and air connections. 506c

Inlet for activating a large discharge

e Turn on the air and operating water supply.

Check that there are no leakages.
Needle valve

Silencer

506a
Inlet for compressed 506b
G 08 78 04 1

air to air tank Inlet for activating a

small discharge

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6.10.3 Air tank

If the air tank has to be dismantled (i.e. repair) it is Air tank
removed by removing the nuts.

NOTE

If problems are related to the Air tank always

End protection
contact Alfa Laval representative.

Bracket

G 08 78 37 1
Nuts

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7 Fault Finding
These fault finding instructions are for the
separator only.

If a fault occurs, study the System

Documentation fault finding section (if
applicable).

7.1 Mechanical functions

7.1.1 Smell
Cause Corrective actions
Bearing is damaged Renew
Oil level in gear housing is too low Check oil level and add oil if necessary

7.1.2 Noise
Cause Corrective actions
Oil level in gear housing is too low Check oil level and add oil if necessary
Height adjustment of the outlet device for processed liquid Stop the separator, measure and adjust the height
is incorrect
Worm wheel and worm are worn Renew worm wheel and worm
Bearing is damaged or worn Renew
Incorrect play between elastic plates in coupling Adjust the play

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7.1.3 Separator vibrates

NOTE

Some vibration is normal during the starting

and stopping sequences when the separator
passes through its critical speed.

ING
WARN
!

Disintegration hazards
If excessive vibration occurs, stop separator
and keep bowl filled with liquid during rundown.
The cause of the vibration must be identified
and corrected before the separator is restarted.

Cause Corrective actions

Bowl out of balance due to: Dismantle the separator and check the assembly and
- poor cleaning cleaning.

- incorrect assembly Check the number of bowl discs, compare with the number
in Spare Parts Catalogue. If necessary, rebalance the
- incorrect disc stack compression bowl.
- bowl assembled with parts from other separators
Uneven sediment deposits in sediment space Dismantle and clean the separator bowl
Height adjustment of the outlet paring disc is incorrect Stop the separator, measure and if necessary adjust the
height
Bowl spindle bent (max 0,05 mm) Renew the bowl spindle
Bearing is damaged or worn Renew
Vibration damping rubber cushions are worn out Renew all rubber cushion

7.1.4 Starting power too high

Cause Corrective actions

Wrong direction of rotation Change electrical phase connections to the motor
Wrong settings of the frequency converter Check the parameter settings in ‘‘8.2 Technical data” on
page 206, ‘‘8.6.5 Motor drive data” on page 233 and ‘‘8.7
Guidelines for frequency converter drives” on page 235

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7.1.5 Starting power too low

Cause Corrective actions

Motor failure Repair/renew the motor

7.1.6 Speed too low

Cause Corrective actions
Bowl is leaking or not closed Dismantle the bowl and check
Motor failure Repair/renew the motor.
Bearing is damaged Renew
Wrong settings of the frequency converter Check the parameter settings in ‘‘8.2 Technical data” on
page 206, ‘‘8.6.5 Motor drive data” on page 233 and ‘‘8.7
Guidelines for frequency converter drives” on page 235

7.1.7 Starting time too long

Cause Corrective actions

Height position of outlet device for processed liquid is Stop, check and adjust the height(s)
incorrect
Bearing is damaged or worn Renew
Wrong settings of the frequency converter Check the parameter settings in ‘‘8.2 Technical data” on
page 206, ‘‘8.6.5 Motor drive data” on page 233 and ‘‘8.7
Guidelines for frequency converter drives” on page 235

7.1.8 Water in worm gear housing

Cause Corrective actions

Bowl casing drain is obstructed Clean the casing and the drains properly. The drains have
connection Nos. 462 & 463 on the‘‘8.6.1 Basic size
drawing” on page 227.
Solve the reason for obstruction.
Clean worm gear housing and change oil.
Leakage at top bearing Renew seal ring and change oil
Condensation Clean worm gear housing and change oil

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7.2 Separating functions

7.2.1 Unsatisfactory separation

result
Cause Corrective actions
Position of paring tubes are too much inwards Adjust the position of the tubes outwards by adjusting the
setting of the Centrizoom™ to a higher %-value on the
indicating ring
Incorrect separation temperature Adjust
Throughput is too high Adjust
Too high back pressure in clean liquid outlet Adjust the back pressure
Bowl disc stack is clogged Clean the disc stack
Sediment space in bowl is filled See ‘‘7.2.11 Bowl clogged with sediment’’
Bowl speed is too low Examine the motor and power transmission including the
gear ratio, see ‘‘7.1.6 Speed too low’’
Water leaks into process liquid via mechanical shaft Renew the mechanical shaft sealing
sealing fitted in inlet device

7.2.2 Outgoing heavy phase

contains light phase
Cause Corrective actions
Position of paring tubes are too much outwards Adjust the position of the tubes inwards by adjusting the
setting of the Centrizoom™ to a lower %-value on the
indicating ring
The make-up liquid line is obstructed or the pressure/flow Check make-up liquid pressure/flow.
is too low Compare with the recommended values in chapter ‘‘8.3
Connection List” on page 207
O-ring sealing between upper and lower paring chambers Renew the O-rings
is defective

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7.2.3 Light phase discharges

through heavy phase outlet
(broken liquid seal)
Cause Corrective actions
Position of paring tubes are too much outwards Adjust the position of the tubes inwards by adjusting the
setting of the Centrizoom™ to a lower %-value on the
indicating ring
Incorrect separation temperature Adjust
Throughput too high Adjust
The make-up liquid line is obstructed or the pressure/flow Check make-up water pressure/flow.
is too low Compare with the recommended values in chapter ‘‘8.3
Connection List” on page 207
Valve(s) in light phase outlet line is closed Open the valve(s)
Disc stack is clogged Clean the disc stack
Bowl hood seal ring defective or the sealing surface of Renew the seal ring. Polish the surface on sliding bowl
sliding bowl bottom is damaged bottom or renew it
Rectangular seal ring in sliding bowl bottom is defective Renew the seal ring
Bowl speed too low See ‘‘7.1.6 Speed too low’’
Bowl is incorrectly assembled Check the assembly

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7.2.4 Bowl fails to open for

sediment discharge

Cause Corrective actions

Operating liquid supply is obstructed Check the liquid supply
Discharge liquid pressure/flow is too low Check the discharge liquid pressure/flow.
Compare with the recommended values in chapter ‘‘8.3
Connection List” on page 207.
Seal ring in the operating slide is defective Renew the seal ring. Carry out an Intermediate Service
(IS)
Faulty OWMC unit See ‘‘7.2.12 OWMC related faults’’

7.2.5 Bowl opens accidentally

during operation
Cause Corrective actions
Strainer in the operating liquid supply is clogged Clean the strainer
No liquid in the operating liquid system Check the operating liquid system and make sure the
valve(s) are open
Liquid connections to the separator are incorrectly fitted Correct
Square-sectioned ring in sliding bowl bottom is defective Renew the square-sectioned ring. Carry out an
Intermediate Service (IS)
Valve plugs are defective Renew all plugs. Carry out an Intermediate Service (IS)
Sediment deposits on the operating slide Clean the operating slide
Seal ring in operating slide is defective Renew the seal ring

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7.2.6 Unsatisfactory sediment

discharge
Cause Corrective actions
Sediment hard packed due to long discharge interval Shorten the discharge interval
Valve plugs in the operating slide are worn or too high Renew with correct valve plugs
Sediment deposits in the operating system Check and clean the operating system
Faulty OWMC unit See ‘‘7.2.12 OWMC related faults’’

7.2.7 Too much process liquid in

sediment
Cause Corrective actions
Discharge interval is too short Prolong the discharge interval
Bowl is leaking See ‘‘7.2.9 Liquid flows through the bowl casing drain and/
or sediment outlet’’

7.2.8 High pressure in clean liquid

outlet
Cause Corrective actions
Throughput is too high Adjust
Valve(s) in clean liquid outlet line is throttled too much Open the valve(s) and adjust according to values in
chapter ‘‘8.3 Connection List” on page 207.

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7.2.9 Liquid flows through the bowl

casing drain and/or sediment
outlet
Cause Corrective actions
Sediment discharge or liquid draining in progress None (normal)
The make-up liquid line is obstructed or the liquid Check make-up liquid pressure/flow.
pressure/flow is too low or too high Compare with the recommended values in chapter ‘‘8.3
Connection List” on page 207
O-ring under the paring chamber cover is defective Renew the O-ring
Paring chamber cover is defective Renew the paring chamber cover
Seal ring in the bowl hood is defective Renew the seal ring
Sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom is defective Smoothen sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom or
renew it
Operating slide of bowl jams due to poor lubrication, Dismantle and check
defective seal ring, burrs or deformation
Operating ring seals are defective Renew the seals
Valve plugs are defective Renew all valve plugs
Sliding bowl bottom jams - seal ring is defective Renew the seal ring
Bowl speed too low See ‘‘7.1.6 Speed too low’’

7.2.10 Air intermingles with the

cleaned liquid
Cause Corrective actions
Back pressure in the clean liquid outlet is too low Increase the back pressure, see ‘‘5.1.5 Running” on page
59
Outlet paring disc/paring tube(s) defective Renew paring disc/paring tube

7.2.11 Bowl clogged with sediment

Cause Corrective actions
Sediment is too viscous Discharge more frequently
Sediment tank is overfilled Empty the sediment tank and clean the bowl casing in
frame

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7.2.12 OWMC related faults

Indication Cause Corrective actions Page
The bowl does not eject or the Needle valve for setting of small Adjust the throttling 31
volume is too small discharge is throttled too much
Air pressure for setting of large Adjust the air pressure 31
discharge is too low
No supply or signal air to the Check the air supply –
OWMC
Faulty check valve in operating Check function of the valve –
water feed line before the OWMC
inlet
OWMC piston does not return to Impurities in water or air which Follow the instructions carefully for 1)
its initial position or returns too increase friction between piston air and water quality.
slowly and cylinder
Clean and lubricate piston and 2)
cylinder with GLEITMO 1821V
Too low operating water pressure Check the operating water 3)
in the feed line before the OWMC pressure
Silencer for air outlet in the OWMC Renew the silencer –
is clogged
Faulty check valve in operating Check function of the valve –
water feed line before the OWMC
inlet
The discharged volume too large Faulty sealing for the two-pulse Renew the sealing 2)
adapter, see pos. 2 on page 26
Too high pressure of the air supply Reduce the air pressure 31
(506a).
Bowl fails to close after sediment Clogged nozzle fitted in the two- Clean the nozzle 2)
discharge pulse adapter

1) See ‘‘8 Technical Reference” on page 205.

2) See ‘‘6.10 Operating water module (OWMC)” on

page 189.

3) See ‘‘8.3 Connection List” on page 207.

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8 Technical Reference
8.1 Product description
Alfa Laval ref. 586093, rev. 1

NOTE

The separator is a component operating in an

integrated system including a monitoring
system.
If the technical data in the system description
does not agree with the technical data in this
instruction manual, the data in the system
description is the valid one.

Product number: 881263-03-02/1

Separator type: PX 55
Application: Fats and oils
Technical design:
Purifier with variable discharge system (OWMC).
Variable paring device for heavy phase outlet.
Fixed paring disc for light phase outlet.
Stainless steel frame bottom part.
Water cooled jacket.
Hermetic design of inlet device.
Sealings: Nitrile rubber (NBR) (Food grade)
Designed in accordance with standards:

98/37 EC Machinery directive

2004/108/EC EMC Directive

2006/95/EC Low Voltage Directive

EN 12547 Centrifuges - Common safety requirements

EN ISO 9001/2000 Quality Management Systems - requirements

EN ISO 14000 Environmental Management Systems

EN ISO 14121-1 Safety of machinery - Principles of risk assement

Restrictions:

Hydraulic capacity: Max. 23 m3/h

Feed temperature: 0°C to +100°C
Ambient temperature +5°C to +45°C
Discharge intervals: 1-60 min.
Max. discharge volume: 15 litres.
Only land based installations permitted.
Bowl must be kept filled during stopping sequence.
Risk for corrosion and erosion have to be investigated in each case by the application centre.

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8.2 Technical data

Alfa Laval ref. 586437, rev. 1

Subject Value Unit

Maximum allowed speed 6250 r/min
Motor speed 1500 r/min
Motor connection frequency 50 Hz
Gear ratio 104:25
Bowl speed, synchronous 6240 r/min
Critical speed 1000-1300 r/min
Max. hydraulic capacity 23 m3/hour
Max. density of feed/sediment 1100/1400 kg/m3
o
Min./Max. feed temperature 0 / 100 C
Max. density of operating liquid, max. 1000 kg/m3
Discharge volume, min./max. 3/10 litres
Discharge interval, min./max. 1/60 minutes
Separator weight (without motor) 1210 kg
Motor weight (575214) 134 kg
Motor weight (575215, EX motor) 225 kg
Motor power, 50 Hz 18,5 kW
Power consumption idling/max.
capacity: 11/16 kW
Jp reduced to motor shaft 162 kg m2
Starting time, min./max. 5/7 minutes
Stopping time min./max. 10/14 minutes
Stopping time without brake, average 16 minutes
Max. running time with neither feed
flow nor frame part cooling 15 minutes
Lubricating oil volume 12,5 litres
Sound power/uncertainty 9,1/0,3 Bel(A)
Sound pressure/uncertainty 74/3 dB(A)
Vibration level new sep./sep in use
(measured with handheld instrument) 7/9 mm/sec.
Alarm levels for vibration monitor
connection 751, 1st/2nd 3,5/4,5 mm/sec.
Alarm levels for operating water
pressure conn. 375, low/high 30/80 kPa
Bowl max. inner diameter 438 mm
Bowl liquid volume 15 litres
Sludge volume, efficient/total 4,6 litres
Bowl weight 310 kg
Bowl body material AL1112387-05

The main strength parts of the centrifuge are

made of stainless steel.

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8.3 Connection List

Alfa Laval ref. 586437 rev. 1

No. Description Requirements/limits

201 Inlet for process liquid

• Temperature Min. 0 °C, max. 100 °C
• Density See ‘‘8.2 Technical data” on page 206.
• Flow Max. 10 m3/h
• Pressure Max. 600 kPa

204 Inlet washing liquid or bowl flushing liquid (Only for SRPX)
• Consumption Max. 600 litres/hour
• Pressure 100-150 kPa above pressure at inlet for
process liquid

220 Outlet light phase, clarified liquid

• Counter pressure Max. 600 kPa
• Recommended counter pressure 350-450 kPa

221 Outlet heavy phase

222 Outlet solid phase

• Small discharge 3-5 litres
• Large discharge 7-10 litres
• Discharge frequency Max 60 discharge / hour
The outlet from the cyclone must always be
arranged to prevent the cyclone from being
filled up with sludge. Solids are discharged
by gravity.

(302) Plugged connection on outlet housing

• Can be used for flushing above bowl

303 Flushing under the bowl (Normally used only in the discharge
sequence and/or for cleaning)
• Pressure 100-600 kPa
• Recommended pressure 300 kPa
• Flow (momentary at rec. pressure) 460 litres / hour
• Consumption 0-6 litres / discharge

304 Flushing in sediment outlet (Normally used only in the discharge

sequence and/or cleaning)
• Quality requirements See page 225
• Pressure 100-600 kPa
• Flow (at 300 kPa) 33 litres/min
• Consumption 10-25 litres / discharge

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375 Inlet for discharge and make-up liquid

• Quality requirements See page 225.
• Density Max. 1000 kg/m3
Make-up liquid
• Pressure 40-70 kPa
• Pipe length via a check valve, max. 30 metres
• Pipe dimension, min. 10x1 mm radius
• Consumption 5 litres/hour
Discharge liquid
• Consumption 1 litre/discharge

405 Inlet for cooling liquid, frame part

• Consumption 150 litres / hour
• Pressure Max. 50 kPa

406 Outlet for cooling liquid, frame part No counter pressure

409 Inlet for cooling oil cooler See page 225.

• Consumption 120 litres / hour
• Pressure Max. 50 kPa

410 Outlet for cooling/heating oil cooler Should be possible to drain liquids by
gravity.

462 Drain of frame top section, lower Should be possible to drain liquids by
gravity.

463 Drain of frame top section, upper Should be possible to drain liquids by
gravity.

506a Inlet compressed air to OWM

• Quality requirements See page 226
• Pressure, must be adjustable 200-700 kPa

506b Inlet for activating a small discharge

• Quality requirements See page 226
• Pressure range 450-700 kPa

506c Inlet for activating a large discharge

• Quality requirements See page 226
• Pressure range 450-700 kPa

508a Inlet compressed air to adjustable paring device

• Quality requirements See page 226
• Pressure 500-700 kPa

508b Inlet compressed air to adjustable paring device

• Quality requirements See page 226
• Consumption 500-700 kPa

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615 Inlet sealing liquid

• Quality requirements See page 225
• Consumption 60 -80 litres / hour

616 Outlet sealing liquid Free outlet without water trap

701 Motor for separator

• Allowed frequency variation from nominal ± 2%
• Allowed voltage variation from nominal ± 5%
729 Pressure transmitter
• Power supply 12,5 - 28VDC, ma. 28mA
• Out signal 4 - 20 mA
• Pressure range relative 0 - 250 kPa

730 Temperature sensor for motor winding

• PTC thermistor tripping temperature 150 oC

741a Speed sensor for motor speed, NAMUR type See page 215.
• Type Inductive promixly switch
• Supply voltage, nominal 6 -10 V DC
• Current consumption max. 3 mA
• Pulses per revolution 1

750 Unbalance sensor, vibration See page 217.

• Type Vibration accelerometer sensor
• Supply voltage 10 to 32 V DC
• Output signal 4 to 20 mA
• Frequency response 2 Hz - 1 kHz

760 Cover interlocking switch (optional)

• Type Mechanical switch
• Max voltage 500 V AC 250 V DC
• Max. switching capacity
- Voltage 500 V AC 125 V DC
- AC load in VA 5000
- DC load in W 400

821 Plugged connection on cyclone

(Can be used for ventilation)

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8.4 Interface Description

Alfa Laval ref. 587001, rev. 1

8.4.1 Scope
This document gives information,
requirements, and recommendations about
operational procedures and signal
processing for safe and reliable operation of
the separator. It is intended to be used for
designing auxiliary equipment and control
systems for the separator.

8.4.2 References
This Interface Description is one
complementary document to the separator.
Other such documents that contain necessary
information and are referred to here are:
• Interconnection Diagram
• Connection List
• Technical Data
• Motor drive data
• Guidelines for frequency converter drives
• Dimensioning of frequency converter drive

Standards referred to are:

• EN 418 Safety of machinery - Emergency
stop equipment, functional aspects -
Principles of design
• EN 1037 Safety of machinery - Prevention of
unexpected start-up

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8.4.3 Definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following
definitions apply:
• Synchronous speed: The speed the machine
will attain when it is driven by a three phase
squirrel-cage induction motor and there is no
slip in the motor and the drive system.
• Full speed: The synchronous speed minus
normal slip.

8.4.4 Goal
Information and instructions in this document
aim at preventing situations as the following:

Situation Effect

Unbalance caused by uneven sediment Too high stress on bowl and bearing
accumulation in the bowl. system which might cause harm.

Too high bowl speed. Too high stress on bowl which might
cause harm.

Access to moving parts. Can cause injury to person who

accidentally touches these parts.

Insufficient cleaning of separator. Unsatisfactory product quality.

Bowl leakage. Product losses.

Control and supervision can be more or less

comprehensive depending on the type of used
control equipment. When a simple control unit
is used it would be impossible or too expensive
to include many of the functions specified here
while these functions could be included at
nearly no extra cost when a more advanced
control unit is used. For this reasons functions
that are indispensable or needed for safety
reasons to protect the machine and/or
personnel are denoted with shall while other
functions are denoted with should.

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8.4.5 Description of separator

modes
For control purposes the operation of the
separator should be divided into different
modes.
The normally used modes are described below
but other modes might exist.
It is assumed that:
• The separator is correctly assembled.
• All connections are made according to
Connection List, Interconnection Diagram
Motor drive data and Interface Description.
• The separator control system is activated.
If above conditions are not fulfilled the
separator is not ready for operation.

Stand still means:

• The power to the separator motor is off
• The bowl is not rotating.

Starting means:
• The power to the separator motor is on.
• The bowl is rotating and accelerating

Running means:
• The power to the separator motor is on.
• The bowl is rotating at full speed.
• RUNNING is a collective denomination for a
number of sub modes which e.g. can be:
– STAND BY: Separator is in a waiting mode
and not producing.
– PRODUCTION: Separator is fed with
product and producing.
– CLEANING: Separator is fed with cleaning
liquids with the intention to clean the
separator.

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Stopping means:
• The power to the separator motor is either off
or used for braking.
• The bowl is rotating and decelerating.
• STOPPING is a collective denomination for a
number of sub modes which e.g. can be:
– NORMAL STOP: A manually or
automatically initiated stop.
– SAFETY STOP: An automatically initiated
stop at too high vibrations.
– EMERGENCY STOP: A manually initiated
stop at emergency situations. This stop
will be in effect until it is manually reset.

8.4.6 Handling of connection

interfaces

Electrical connections:

701 Separator motor.

The separator is equipped with a 3-phase
standard motor. The motor shall be fed from a
frequency converter.
The frequency converter shall have an over
speed alarm function that initiates a NORMAL
STOP of the separator if the bowl speed
exceeds "Maximum allowed speed".
The frequency converter shall have a system
that initiates a NORMAL STOP of the
separator if the frequency goes above the
values given in the Connection list.
There shall be an emergency stop circuit
designed according to EN 418 and a power
isolation device according to EN 1037.
There shall be a start button close to the
separator that shall be used for first start after
assembly of the separator.
There should be a counter to count number of
running hours.

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There should be a current transformer to give

an analogue signal to the control unit
proportional to the motor current.

729 Pressure transmitter, Operating water.

The separator is equipped with a operating
water pressure transmitter in order to interlock
discharge and give alarm if the operating water
pressure is too low or too high. Preset values for
alarm levels can be found in ‘‘8.2 Technical
data” on page 206

Signal processing in STARTING:

The signal from the pressure transmitter
should be blocked until two minutes after
closing the bowl.

Signal processing in RUNNING:

• If the operating water pressure is too high an
alarm "High operating water pressure"
should be given and discharge interlocked
and an turn over to STAND BY should take
place.
• If the operating water pressure is too low an
alarm "Low operating water pressure" should
be given and discharge interlocked and turn
over to STAND BY should take place.
• The signal from the pressure transmitter
should be blocked during and 80 seconds
after the discharge.

Signal processing in STOPPING:

The signal from the pressure transmitter
should be blocked.

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730 Temperature sensors, motor winding.

The separator motor is equipped with three
thermistor sensors, one in each winding. The
sensors are connected in series and shall be
connected to a thermistor relay that gives a
signal when the temperature exceeds the
tripping level (see ‘‘8.3 Connection List” on
page 207).

Signal processing in STAND STILL and

STOPPING:
• The signal should trigger an alarm and
interlock start.
Signal processing in any other mode:
• The signal shall trigger turn over to NORMAL
STOP.

741a Speed sensor

A proximity sensor of inductive type according
to DIN 19234 (Namur) standard is giving a
number of pulses per revolution of the bowl (see
‘‘8.3 Connection List” on page 207). The bowl
speed is gear ratio (See ‘‘8.2 Technical data” on
page 206 ) multiplied by the speed of the motor
shaft.

Signal processing in STARTING:

• The separator should be stopped
automatically according to NORMAL STOP
procedure and an alarm should be given
when the accumulated time for acceleration
is longer than the maximum time specified in
Technical data. An abnormal start time
indicates some malfunction of the separator
equipment and should be investigated.

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• If the speed exceeds “Maximum allowed

speed” in Technical Data the separator shall
be stopped automatically by NORMAL STOP
and a high speed alarm shall be given.
• The speed monitoring system shall be
checked continuously (e.g by checking that
pulses are coming). In case of failure
indication the separator shall be stopped
automatically by NORMAL STOP with a timer
controlled stop sequence and an alarm for
speed monitoring system failure shall be
given.
• The acceleration should be supervised to
ensure that a certain speed (e.g 100 r/min.)
has been reached within a certain time (e.g
30 seconds).
Signal processing in RUNNING:
• If the speed exceeds “Maximum allowed
bowl speed” in Technical data the separator
shall be stopped automatically by NORMAL
STOP and a high speed alarm shall be
given.

• If the speed falls more than 5% below the

synchronous speed for a period longer than
1 minute, a low speed alarm should be
given. Low speed indicates some
malfunction of the separator equipment and
shall be investigated.
• The speed monitoring system shall be
checked continuously (e.g. by checking that
pulses are coming). In case of a failure
indication an alarm for speed monitoring
system failure shall be given. If there is a risk
of too high speed the separator shall be
stopped by NORMAL STOP.

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Signal processing in STOPPING:

• STAND STILL shall be indicated when no
pulses are detected within 30 seconds.
• Stopping the separator when alarm for
speed monitoring system failure is active,
shall cause a timer controlled stop. (See
“Stop time” in ‘‘8.2 Technical data” on page
206.)

750 Unbalance sensor.

For indication of any abnormal unbalance and
to be able to perform appropriate
countermeasures, the separator has been
equipped with an accelerometer on the
separator frame. The signal from the
accelerometer shall be monitored and two
alarm levels according to the vibration alarm
levels in Technical Data should be set. The
vibration level shall be high for 3 seconds to
generate an alarm. The first level is only used
to generate an alarm while the second level
shall stop the machine.
The vibration monitor shall include self check
function to be performed at least at initiation of
STARTING.
If vibrations exceed the second alarm level the
separator shall be stopped the quickest way
possible and it shall not been restarted until
the reasons for the vibrations have been found
and measures to remove them have been taken.
Signal processing in STARTING:
• If vibrations exceed the second alarm level
the separator shall be stopped automatically
by SAFETY STOP.
• The vibration level should be supervised
during starting of the separator. The alarm
might be blocked or set to a higher level
when passing through the critical speed
interval(s).
• If the self check system triggers, an alarm
shall be given and an automatic stop by
NORMAL STOP shall be initiated.

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Signal processing in RUNNING:

• If vibrations exceed the first alarm level an
alarm should be given. Vibrations of this
magnitude will reduce the expected life time
of the bearings and should therefore be
eliminated.
• If vibrations exceed the second alarm level
the separator shall be stopped automatically
by SAFETY STOP.
• If the self check system triggers, an alarm
shall be given.
Signal processing in STOPPING:
• If the self check system triggers, an alarm
shall be given.
Signal processing in NORMAL STOP:
• If vibrations exceed the second level the
system shall turn over automatically to
SAFETY STOP.

760 Cover interlocking switch (optional)

The separator is equipped with a interlocking
switch to detect if the cover is mounted.
Signal processing in STAND STILL:
• The circuit is closed when the cover of the
separator is mounted.
• The interlocking switch should be connected
in such a way that starting of the motor is
prevented when the separator cover is not
mounted.
Signal processing in STARTING and
RUNNING:
• If the circuit is broken the separator should
be stopped automatically by NORMAL
STOP. This is to minimise the risk of having
access to moving parts.

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Fluid connections
Complementary information is given in the
document Connection List.
201 Inlet
Processing in STAND STILL:
• Shall be closed.
Processing in STARTING:
• Should be closed. Bowl will be open and
empty or closed and filled depending on if
start is done from STAND STILL or
STOPPING.
Processing in RUNNING:
• Could be closed or open.
• Shall be open at discharges
Processing in CLEANING:
• A sequence of cleaning liquids should be
fed to the separator. The flow rate should be
as high as possible and preferably not less
than the production flow rate.
Processing in NORMAL STOP or
EMERGENCY STOP:
• Could be closed or open but the bowl should
be filled unless the stop is initiated in
STARTING.
Processing in SAFETY STOP:
• Could be closed or open but the bowl shall
be filled unless the stop is initiated in
STARTING.

220, 221 and 222 Outlets

Processing in STAND STILL:
• Could be closed or open.

Processing in other modes:

• Shall be open.

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302, 303 and 304 Flushing connections

Processing in RUNNING:
• Could be used at any time but is normally
used only in connection with discharges and
in many cases only at discharges in
CLEANING.
• When flushing is used it should not be on
continuously but in short pulses. It is
possible to flush at all connections at the
same time but it is an advantage if each
connection can be controlled individually as
flushing time then can be adapted to actual
requirements.
• When flushing is used at discharges, a
normal procedure is to make a short flush
(e.g. 3 seconds) before the discharge to wet
the surfaces. Then wait until the discharged
material has left the sludge drain (e.g. 20
seconds) and then make a new flush (e.g. 10
seconds).
• Flushing can be done with water or CIP-
liquids.
Processing in other modes:
• Flushing should not be used.

375 Inlet for discharge and make-up liquid

Processing in all modes:
• Shall be on when the speed of the bowl is
more than 3500rpm
• When going from STARTING to STANDBY a
discharge shall be initiated to fill the
discharge system with water and remove air
pockets.
• When coming from PRODUCTION a
discharge shall be initiated to remove
sediments from bowl to avoid problems due
to solidification.
Signal processing in PRODUCTION:
• Automatic discharges shall be initiated by
timer. Activate input 506b or 506c for 5
seconds, see ‘‘8.3 Connection List’’.

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Signal processing in CLEANING:

• Automatic discharges shall be initiated by
timer. Activate input 506b or 506c for 5
seconds, see ‘‘8.3 Connection List’’.
Signal processing in NORMAL STOP:
• Discharges should not be made.
Signal processing in SAFETY STOP and
EMERGENCY STOP:
• Discharges shall not be made.

405 Inlet for cooling of frame parts

Processing:
• Should be on in all modes except STAND
STILL.
• If bowl is running at full speed without feed
flow for a long time it might be overheated if
cooling is not on. For that reason a time
limitation is given in Technical Data for
running without feed flow. If cooling media
supply is supervised no such limitation is
needed.

409 Inlet for cooling

Processing in STAND STILL:
• Shall be closed.
Processing in STARTING:
• Shall be open.

615 Inlet sealing liquid

Processing in STAND STILL:
• Shall be closed.
Processing in STARTING, RUNNING and
STOPPING:
• Shall be open.

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Pneumatic connections:

Compressed air for OWMC

The separator is equipped with an Operating
Water Module Compact. The OWMC is
equipped with following connections.
506a Inlet for compressed air to OWMC
506b Inlet for activating a small discharge
506c Inlet for activating a large discharge
See ‘‘8.3 Connection List” on page 207 list for
inlet pressures.
• When going from STARTING to STANDBY a
discharge shall be initiated to fill the
discharge system with water and remove air
pockets.
Signal processing in RUNNING:
• A discharge is activated by open inlet 506b
or 506c for 5 seconds.
• After a discharge has been triggered the
motor current or bowl speed should be
monitored to indicate if there comes a
current peak or a sudden drop in speed. The
absence of such indication means that the
discharge has failed and corrective action
should be taken (e.g. trigger a new
discharge). Absence of a discharge may
result in problems due to solidification of the
sediment. That the current returns to original
value after discharge could also be
supervised. If current is much higher after
the discharge this might be an indication that
the bowl has not closed properly after the
discharge.
• For service purposes there should be a
counter to count number of discharges.
Signal processing in STAND BY:
• When coming from PRODUCTION a
discharge shall be initiated to remove
sediments from bowl to avoid problems due
to solidification.

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Signal processing in PRODUCTION:

• Automatic discharges shall be initiated by
timer.
Signal processing in CLEANING:
• Automatic discharges shall be initiated by
timer.
Signal processing in NORMAL STOP:
1 Inlet for process liquid or safety water (201)
can be open or closed.
2 A discharge is activated by open inlet 506b
or 506c for 5 seconds.
3 After a discharge has been triggered the
motor current or bowl speed should be
monitored to indicate if there comes a
current peak or a sudden drop in speed. The
absence of such indication means that the
discharge has failed and corrective action
should be taken (e.g. trigger a new
discharge). Absence of a discharge may
result in problems due to solidification of the
sediment. That the current returns to original
value after discharge could also be
supervised. If current is much higher after
the discharge this might be an indication that
the bowl has not closed properly after the
discharge.
4 Separator motor (701) shall be shut off.
Signal processing in SAFETY STOP and
EMERGENCY STOP:
All the connections that are related to safety
are included here, regardless previous modes.
1 The separator bowl shall be kept filled.
2 Separator motor (701) shall be shut off.
3 Signal for discharge shall be blocked.
4 The separating system shall be deactivated
until the reason for the safety stop is
investigated and the cause is eliminated.

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508 Compressed air inlet for the Centrizoom

actuator
The centrifuge is equipped with an actuator for
the Centrizoom device.
When the actuator is supplied with the air at
inlet 508a in Connection List it puts the
Centrizoom in its inner position.
When the actuator is supplied with the air at
inlet 508b in Connection List it puts the
Centrizoom in its outer position
.

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8.5 Quality requirements

8.5.1 Operating Water

Alfa Laval ref. 553406, rev. 9

Operating water is used in the separator for several different functions: e.g. to operate the
discharge mechanism, to lubricate and cool mechanical seals.
Poor quality of the operating water may with time cause erosion, corrosion and/or operating
problem in the separator and must therefore be treated to meet certain demands.

The following requirements are of fundamental importance

1.1 Turbidity free water, solids content <0,001% by volume
Deposits must not be allowed to form in certain areas in the separator
1.2 Max. particle size 50 μm
2 Total hardness less than 180 mg CaCO3 per litre, which corresponds to 10°dH or 12.5°E
Hard water may with time form deposits in the operating mechanism. The precipitation
rate is accelerated with increased operating temperature and low discharge frequency.
These effects become more severe the harder the water is.
3 Chloride content max 100 ppm NaCl (equivalent to 60 mg Cl/l)
Chloride ions contribute to corrosion on the separator surface in contact with the operating
water, including the spindle. Corrosion is a process that is accelerated by increased
separating temperature, low pH, and high chloride ion concentration.
A chloride concentration above 60 mg/l is not recommended.
4 pH>6
Increased acidity (lower pH) increases the risk for corrosion; this is accelerated by
increased temperature and high chloride ion content.

NOTE

Alfa Laval accepts no liability for consequences

arising from unsatisfactorily purified operating
water supplied by the customer.

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8.5.2 Compressed Air

Alfa Laval ref. 553407, rev. 5

The supply of compressed air to separator discharge system, valve actuators,

positioners, instruments etc. must be of such a quality that satisfactory
function is ensured for a reasonable time.
To this end three conditions must be fulfilled:
1 Dirt in the form of solid particles down to a size below 10 micron (0,01 mm)
must be removed from the air. This is preferably done by means of special
filters or reducing valves provided with filters
2 Oil is always transferred to the compressed air from oil-lubricated
compressors and must be removed to the highest possible degree. It
constitutes a serious contamination, which it is difficult to remove from the
instruments. Special filters or oil separators must, therefore, be provided
before the instruments. In small plants, oil-free compressors can be used as
an alternative.
3 In the compressed-air system a condensation takes place at various rates,
depending on the moisture content at the air inlet, the temperature before
and after the compressor, partially lower temperature in any cold zone
passed by the pipe (outdoor, cellar etc.) and the like.

The air must thus be dried with regard to the lowest temperature existing
after the drying device, so that condensate in the instruments is avoided.
Note that the air will also be cooled through expansion after passing
constrictions and nozzles in the instruments, with condensation as a result.
In view of the above, the following must be observed:

At the inlet to an instrument, the dew point of the compressed air should lie
at least 10 °C below the lowest ambient temperature. This is usually
obtained by using an absorption drier of suitable capacity. If the air contains
much water, provide a primary separator before the filter.
Air filters should be placed so as to be easily surveyable and accessible in
order to facilitate daily condition checks, and exchange of the filter cartridge.

NOTE

Alfa Laval accepts no liability for

consequences arising from unsatisfactorily
purified compressed air supplied by the
customer.

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8.6 Drawings

8.6.1 Basic size drawing

Alfa Laval ref. 587052 rev. 1

Max. horizontal displacement at the outlet

connections during operation + 20 mm
Refers to 302

Refers to 406
Refers to 821

max. vertical
displacement at the
cyclone connection
during operation +
10 mm

Tightening
torque 100 Nm

*) Refers to SSPX
**) Refers to SRPX
Adjusting
washers
max. 4 cs /
foot.

G 0 8 70 0T 1

Connection 220 turnable 212o

Connection 221 turnable 360o in 90o steps.
All connections to be installed non-loaded and flexible
All dimensions are nominal. Reservation for individual deviations due to tolerances.
Data for connection, see ‘‘8.3 Connection List” on page 207.

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Refers to 616

Refers to conn. 303 and 462

Refers to conn. 375 Refers to conn. 304

G08 7 00 U1

Refers to conn. 463

Refers to conn. 405

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Connections

Nut, DN 76, SMS 1148

Blind flange

Loose flange DN 200, PN 10, DIN 2642

Needle valve

*) Refers to SSPX
G 08 70 0 I1

**) Refers to SRPX

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8.6.2 Foundation drawing

Alfa Laval ref. 586434, rev. 0

E
O
P
K
Q

R
F

M Total vertical/horizontal
I dynamic instantaneous
J foundation forces (sum of all
L

G 08 7 00 51
feet) +20 kN
H (static forces excluded.

A Min. lifting capacity required during service: 900 kg

B Max. height of largest component incl. lifting tool.
C Recommended speed for lifting:
Low speed 0,5 - 1,5 m/min.
High speed: 2-6 m/min.
D Horizontal max. deviation 0,4 o
E Installation according to stated foundation forces.
F Floor level
G Foundation plate
H Anchor bolt
I Expanding concrete
J Structural concrete
K Center for lifting device.
L 7 holes ∅20
M 3 holes M20 for horizontal adjustment
N Service side
O Recommended free floor space for unloading when doing service.
P No fixed installation within this area.
Q Vertical dynamic forces +20 kN/foot (static forces excluded).
R Horizontal dynamic forces +20 kN/foot (static forces excluded)

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8.6.3 Interconnection diagram

Alfa Laval ref. 585062 rev. 1

Junction box
Interlocking switch (frame top part)
Temperature sensor (lube oil)
Temperature sensor (neck bearing)
Vibration sensor
Speed sensor PNP (motor shaft speed)
Separator motor with Speed sensor NAMUR (motor shaft speed)

G 08 7 00 61
thermistor Speed sensor NAMUR (motor shaft speed)
Pressure transmitter (OWMC water)

Normally open when cover not fitted

All wires to be cut to appropriate length to match Wire colour codes:

respective earth connection terminal. Wire ends to be
marked with "PARTEX" PA01 or PA02 (yellow with black BK=Black
marking) after insulation and fitted with ferrules and/or BN=Brown
cable shoes with insulated collar. Loose wire ends to be BU=Blue
insulated with shrinking tubing. RD=Red
GN-YW =Green-Yellow
WT=White

Items showed in this document are not included in all

separators.

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8.6.4 Electric motor

Alfa Laval ref. 575214 rev. 2

Knockout openings for

2x M40 + M16 cable
glands on both sides.

Drain holes with closable plastic

plugs acc. to variant code 066 (open
at delivery IP55) for horizontal
mounting IM 3061.

G 09 77 59 1
Shaft dimensions

Manufacturer ABB Motors

Type of mounting Degree of
Manuf. drawing Cat.BU/Aluminium GB09-2003
protection
Standards Appropriate IEC and EN-
standard IEC 34-7 IEC 34-5
Size IEC 180 M
IM 3061 IP 55
Type M3AA 180 M4
Weight 134 kg
Poles 4 Noise level Mean sound pressure level is
62 dB(A) at 50 Hz and 66 dB(A) at
Insulation class F 60 Hz. Tolerance +3 dB(A)
Bearings D-end 6310-2Z/C3 Thermistor
N-end 6209-2Z/C3 tripping temp. 150 oC
Vibration level Balanced with half key, quality grade
Method of cooling IC 411 (IEC 34-6) R according to IEC 34-14 (max.
Spec. Totally enclosed three-phase 1,12 mm/s rms) acc. to variant code
standard motor for frequency +052.
drive. Lubrication The motor bearings are
permanently lubricated, lifetime
Output 18,5 kW
max. 40 000 hours.

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8.6.5 Motor drive data

Alfa Laval ref. 575460, rev. 0

Speed Current Current- and speed curves at start with frequency converter
r/min l/ln

Motor speed

l/ln

Measured curves. Time (minutes)

G 0 92 37 A 1

Acceleration time 6 minutes

l/ln = Starting current/rated current

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Article Output Manu- Type Number Speed η Power Rated

No. (kW) facturer of poles 50 Hz (%) factor torque
(r/min) (cos ϕ) Mn (Nm)

575214 18,5 ABB M3AA 4 1470 0,90 0,84 120

180 M4

Bowl speed, max. 6250 r/minute.

Motor synchronous speed 1500 r/minute
Moment of inertia, 9,36 kgm2 (bowl)

Cables and fuses (recommendations)

Voltage Rated Fuse Cable area

(V) current (A) (mm2 Cu)
(A) mains
(mains) (motor)

400 40 50 10 6

440 35 40 6 6

460 35 40 6 6

Note: The motor and the main cables must be

dimensioned acc. to local safety regulations.
Shielded symmetrical motor cable is
recommended.

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8.7 Guidelines for

frequency converter
drives
Alfa Laval ref. 563692, rev. 3

Frequency converter.
For dimensioning and programming of a frequency converter
see ‘‘8.8 Dimensioning of a frequency converter’’:
When choosing the rated power for the converter, regard must
be paid to the motor current peaks, which occur during the
automatic discharges of centrifuge.
When dimensioning an electrical brake it is essential to be
aware of the current of the motor. The current should not
exceed the nominal current for the motor.
The start of the centrifuge shall be carried out using a suitably
adjusted acceleration ramp. The acceleration period is to be
chosen with regard to the moment of inertia of the rotor, and
the rated torque of the motor.
The limit of current during start should be below 140% the
rated current for the motor. The main reasons are heat in the
motor and the stress on the transmission.
If there are adjustable parameters, which set the level for over
speed, it is required, that a password and/or a hardware lock
protect the parameter adjustment function. In order to avoid
unintentional altering of the parameter settings, two separate
operations must be performed before parameter adjustment is
enabled. Examples of interlocks are password, hardwiring
with jumpers and disconnecting of control panel.
When the frequency converter will be installed in the process
area, the code of protection of the enclosure shall be at least
IP54. When installed in a special room, an electrical operation
area, the enclosure can be of IP20.
The frequency converter is to be set for one direction of
rotation only and the motor connected for correct direction of
rotation with the use of this setting. The direction is to be
found on the machine plate.

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The possibility of changing the direction of rotation of the motor

through adjustment of the converter should be prevented. It is required
that password and/or a hardware lock protect the parameter
adjustment function. In order to avoid unintentional altering of
direction, two separate operations must be performed before
adjustment is enabled. Examples of interlocks are password,
hardwiring with jumpers, disconnecting of the control panel.
The frequency converter shall be able to function in such a way that it
can 'catch' a rotating load - 'flying start'. If, for example, the centrifuge
has stopped because of a power supply failure to the factory, and the
operator restarts the centrifuge before it has reached stand still, then
the converter must have the capability to synchronise to the present
rotor speed and start from there. The acceleration should be in
accordance with the pre-set acceleration ramp.
It is recommended to choose a frequency converter with the possibility
to monitor the chosen maximum output frequency. If the frequency
exceeds the maximum allowable frequency, and then the converter
should stop the centrifuge.

Centrifuge.
The rotor must not exceed 'Maximum allowed speed'. Too high rotor
speed or frequency shall stop the centrifuge with automatically
initiated stop. The stop shall be in effect until it is manually reset.
Maximum allowed speed and if applicable the minimum allowed speed
for the rotor could be found in Technical Data for the centrifuge.
To reduce the hazard for overspeed there shall be two systems for
supervision of the rotor speed, which are independent from each other.
One system can for example, be the supervision system in the VFD and
the other should be the speed supervision of the rotor. When the speed
monitoring system is used as a part of an over speed protection system,
it shall be designed in accordance with EN 954 Category 3, with
continuous checking of the function.

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Control systems
The control system of the centrifuge should be connected to the frequency
converter so that start and stop of the centrifuge can be initiated from the
control panel. Furthermore, the control system should monitor the rotor
speed via a speed sensor mounted in the centrifuge. The control system
should stop the centrifuge if the speed exceeds or falls below the allowed
speed limits, which are stated in the documentation for the corresponding
centrifuge.
The emergency stop should break the power supply to the frequency
converter.
The restart should not be possible during safety stop or emergency stop.
The starting sequence for the centrifuge should be interrupted if the speed
supervision system or the frequency supervision system is not in
operation.

The electric motor

The nominal frequency for the motor has to preferably be chosen as close as
possible to the chosen frequency for the centrifuge. Deviation of more than -
20% is not recommended, as the available motor torque is decreased when
operating below or above the nominal frequency. A closer description is
found in ‘‘8.8 Dimensioning of a frequency converter’’.
The motor winding is available with standard or reinforced insulation
strengthening system, which can be combined with du/dt filter and/or
insulated bearings depending on the motor size/type and voltage.
Closer description and choosing criteria can be found in motor and/or
frequency converter documentation.
If a standard motor is used, then it is recommended that the motor is
equipped with thermistors in the stator windings. The tripping
temperature for the thermistors should be the maximum allowable
operating temperature for the corresponding insulation class. CT motors
used by Alfa Laval are already provided with thermistors in the stator
windings - these should therefore be connected to the motor's monitoring
equipment when frequency converter drive is used.
The motor cable should be shielded so that approved suppression of
electromagnetic radiation can be obtained - as required by the EMC
directive or corresponding regulations. The shielding shall be connected to
both motor and frequency converter with special cable glands.
Special countermeasures have to be taken regarding cabling and
grounding/earthing due to the occurrence of bearing currents in the motor.
See the motor manufactures recommendation and installation
requirements.

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Electrical installation
The installation of the frequency converter shall be in accordance with EC-
regulations e.g. EMC Directive. Instructions shall always be supplied together
with a frequency converter.
In order to suppress the emitted electromagnetic radiation a correct cabling
system shall be used. It consists of symmetric shortest possible power cable
equipped with concentric protective copper shield round the phase leads or with
concentric Cu/Al-shield round the three symmetrical conductors for protective
grounding and the phase leads. The correct supplying cable shall be connected
with 360 degrees termination of cable shield at both the motor terminal box end
and converter end with shortest possible earth lead to the earthing bolts (PE-
terminal) in both ends. Thus unsymmetrical cables can be used up to 10 mm 2
cable size and up to 30 kW motor power, shielded cable is always recommended.
To reduce circuit-bound electrical disturbances to the power supply, the converter
shall be supplied with a power supply filter, an RFI-filter.
Attention shall be paid to the motor cable's length, so that tripping-out of the
converter because of excessive currents, as well as impaired properties of power
supply filter can be avoided. In doubtful cases, the converter's manufacturer
should be consulted regarding maximum allowable cable length.
The signal outputs and the control connections of the converter shall conform to
the requirements for immunity to electromagnetic disturbances as stated in the
EMC directive or corresponding regulations.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

IT IS OF OUTMOST IMPORTANCE THAT THE CENTRIFUGE IS SO
DESIGNED AND SAFEGUARDED THAT THE MAXIMUM ALLOWED SPEED
FOR THE ROTOR NEVER WILL BE EXCEEDED. OVER SPEED CAN RESULT
IN EJECTION OF PARTS. SAFETY-RELATED PARTS SHOULD BE
DESIGNED WITH REFERENCE TO EN 954-1.

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8.8 Dimensioning of a
frequency converter
Alfa Laval ref. 570285, rev. 2

8.8.1 Dimensioning and

programming of a frequency
converter

Basic requirements for a frequency converter:

Select correct frequency converter for mains supply voltage and frequency.
Select the frequency converter power according to the initial conditions and
the specified motor. Check that the converter's rated output current is similar
or higher than the motors nominal rated current.
The frequency converter's capability to produce the maximum required
current and power (typically during discharge sequences) has to be checked,
use values given for "heavy duty" use in manufacturer's catalogue
When controlled braking is required, select the frequency converter with
braking functionality, as described in ‘‘8.8.5 Braking methods’’.
Only frequency converter fulfilling requirements in IEC 61508 part
1"Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-
related systems", EN 60204-1 "Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of
machines" and EN 61800-3 "EMC Directive" shall be chosen.

For safety precautions of a variable frequency drive see ‘‘8.7 Guidelines for
frequency converter drives” on page 235.

8.8.2 Selecting the motor with correct voltage and

frequency for a variable frequency drive
If the motor with correct voltage and frequency is not already selected or there
are several motor alternatives to choose between, the following control
calculations for the continuous loadability of the motor should be made,
otherwise continue to ‘‘8.8.3 Dimensioning of a frequency converter for an
actual application” on page 242.

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Controlling the loadability of the motor at actual frequency drive

Example:
Power consumption at maximum capacity, found in Technical Data = 35 kW.
There are 2 motors available in centrifuge specification, 37 kW / 400 V / 50 Hz
and 42 kW / 400 V / 60 Hz, both fulfilling the above power requirement,
control calculation for motor torque has to be made.
The motor with nominal frequency as close as possible to the actual drive
frequency should preferably be chosen.
Set frequency acc. to Technical Data = 70 Hz, gives motor relative speed = 70
Hz / 50 Hz = 1,4 for 50 Hz's motor and 70 Hz / 60 Hz ~ 1,2 for 60 Hz's motor.
When validating these relative speeds 1,4 and 1,2 in motor loadability curve,
it can be seen that 60 Hz's motor is better alternative with higher T / Tn
factor, giving ~ 83% of Tn with 70 Hz set frequency.
Motor with 42 kW / 400 V / 60 Hz is therefore selected.

The motor torque can be calculated from speed and mechanical (output)
power:
T=P/ω
T = torque (Nm)
P = power (W)
ω = motor speed (rad/s)

The motor speed is put in the formula in rpm´s instead of rad/s:

ω = n x (2 x Π / 60)
n = actual motor speed (rpm) = relative speed factor x nominal speed
T = P / ω = P x 60 / n x 2 x Π
Continuously needed motor torque at maximum capacity = 35000 x 60 / 1,2 x
Π
1780 x 2 x = 156 Nm.
During discharges needed motor torque = 70000*) x 60 / 1,2 x 1780 x 2 x Π=
313 Nm.

*) If values for maximum current or power during discharges are not known,
multiply value for power consumption at maximum capacity by factor 26
estimated power consumption during discharges = 35 kW x 2 = 70 kW = 70000
W

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Controlling continuous available motor torque at 70 Hz = (42000 x 60 / 1780

x 2 x Π) x 83% = 188 Nm
Controlling maximum available motor torque at 70 Hz = 188 x 2,5**) = 470
Nm

**) 2,5 is a factor for the relationship between maximum and nominal
motor torque, Tmax/Tn, as found in motor catalogue.
Both values are higher than in centrifuge operation needed torque values.
The motor is correct for the application.

Loadability curve for an electric motor in

a frequency converter drive.

G0962351

A. Relative speed

T/Tn = Available/nominal motor torque.

Relative speed = Actual drive frequency/motor nominal
frequency

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8.8.3 Dimensioning of a frequency converter for an

actual application
Frequency converter shall be dimensioned regarding to maximum
needed power and current, overload capacity,
which usually occurs during discharge sequences for a centrifuge
The relation between the nominal and the actual motor current in field
weakening range (above the motors nominal frequency / speed) can
approximately be calculated by:
I m ≈ (P load / P n) x I n
I m = actual motor current (A)
P load = actual needed power by driven machine during discharges (W)
*)
P n = motor's nominal power (W)
I n = motor's nominal current (A)

*) If values for maximum current or power are not known, multiply

value for power consumption at maximum capacity by factor 26
estimated power consumption during discharges = 35 kW x 2 = 70 kW =
70000 W

Maximum needed output current (actual motor current during

discharges) from the frequency converter ≈
(70000/ 42000) x 78 = 130 A

The frequency converter with capability for this current shall be chosen.
This current is called for maximum monitored output current, short-
term overload current or peak current, and it is usually limited to 150%
of nominal output current.
This current is usually limited for a short time only periodically (ex. 1
minute every 5 minutes or 2 seconds every 15 seconds), which should be
taking in consideration when deciding discharge intervals and speed
regaining time after discharge.
Speed regaining time can also be prolonged by converter's maximum
output power, normally limited to 150% of converter's nominal output
power.
Control the frequency converter's nominal output current, it should be
similar or higher than the motors nominal current, in this case, at least
78 A.

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Values to be used when selecting the converter:

Nominal output current ≥ 78 A
Overload current (short time) ≥ 130 A

These values, when looking into manufacturer's catalogues, should

give a converter for heavy-duty use of 45 kW.

8.8.4 Programming the frequency converter

Since parameter setup and programming interface are different from
manufacturer to another, detailed instructions cannot be given here,
only the most important programmable parameters for starting-up
and running the centrifuge will be explained!
See frequency converter instruction for use for detailed information
– Enter the motor data from the motor nameplate, including
nominal power, voltage, current, speed, frequency and
eventually power factor (cosinus ϕ).

– Optionally and if available, select motor identification run for fine

adjustment of the motor data, choose between standard/
extended or reduced. NOTE! During standard/extended
identification run the motor will rotate and has to be off-loaded
from the centrifuge!
– If available, select the torque control mode (variable or pump/fan
characteristics) for controlling of the motor.
– Check and, if necessary, change the direction of rotation of the
motor
– Set the minimum motor speed or frequency, should be 0 rpm or 0
Hz respectively
– Set the actual motor speed or set frequency, values given in
Technical Data
IT IS OF UTMOST IMPORTANCE THAT THIS SETTING HAS
TO BE CHECKED. A FAULTY FREQUENCY SETTING CAN
LEAD TO OVERSPEEDING, WHICH MIGHT CAUSE
HAZARDS.

– Set the start time, value given in Technical Data or Motor Drive
Data.

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8.8.5 Braking methods

NOTE! Not to be used in explosive atmospheres!
Motor flux braking:
Flux braking is a method based on motor losses. When braking in the
drive system is needed, the motor flux and thus also the magnetizing
current component used in the motor are increased. The control of flux
can be easily achieved through the direct torque control principle (DTC).
With DTC the inverter is directly controlled to achieve the desired
torque and flux for the motor. During flux braking the motor is under
DTC control which guarantees that braking can be made according to
the specified speed ramp.
The flux braking method based on DTC enables the motor to shift
quickly from braking to motoring power when requested.
In flux braking the increased current means increased losses inside the
motor. The braking power is therefore also increased although the
braking power delivered to the frequency converter is not increased. The
increased current generates increased losses in motor resistances.
Typically, in low power motors (below 5 kW) the resistance value of the
motor is relatively large in respect to the nominal current of the motor.
The higher the power or the voltage of the motor, the less the resistance
value of the motor in respect to motor current. In other words, flux
braking is most effective in a low power motor.

Rated motor power

1 2,2 kW
2 16 kW
3 37 kW
4 75 kW
5 250 kW
G0962361

Percentage of motor braking torque of rated torque as

a function of output frequency.
A. Braking torque (%)
B. No flux braking
C. Flux braking

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The main benefits of flux braking are:

• No extra components are needed and no extra cost, using DTC control
method.
• The motor is controlled during braking.

The main drawbacks of flux braking are:

• Increased thermal stress on the motor if braking is repeated over short
periods.
• Braking power is limited by the motor characteristics e.g. resistance value.
• Flux braking is useful mainly in low power motors.
• Not recommended in explosive atmospheres.

Brake chopper and braking resistor:

The braking chopper is an electrical switch that connects the DC bus voltage
to a resistor, where the braking energy is converted to heat. During
deceleration, the motor changes to generator operation and supplies energy
back through the inverter. As brake energy cannot be fed back to the supply
via the normal diode bridge, the brake chopper will turn on at a certain level
and feed energy out via the brake resistor. Here, the energy is converted to
heat and wasted, unless a separate heat recovery system is installed;
additional ventilation for the room may be required.
The main benefits of the braking chopper and resistor are:
• Simple electrical construction and well-known technology.
• Low fundamental investment for chopper and resistor.
• The chopper works even if AC supply is lost.
The main drawbacks of the braking chopper and resistor are:
• The braking energy is wasted if the heated air cannot be utilized.
• The braking chopper and resistors require additional space.
• May require extra investments in the cooling and heat recovery system.
Braking choppers are typically dimensioned for a certain cycle, e.g. 100%
power 1/10 minutes. Longer braking times, require more accurate
dimensioning of the braking chopper.

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DC braking:
NOTE! Not to be used in explosive atmospheres!
DC braking can be performed with or without a frequency converter.
With a frequency converter, a stop command makes the frequency
converter switch to supplying the motor with direct current,
developing a braking torque. Same effect can also be achieved using
the DC brake unit, for dimensioning of the unit see document 565309.
The main drawbacks of the DC injection braking are:
• The motor flux control is lost during braking, e.g. no control of
adjusted braking time.
• Heat losses in the motor.
• Not recommended in explosive atmospheres.
Regenerative drive - IGBT solution braking:
The IGBT based regeneration is based on the same principles as power
transmission within a power network. It has a low amount of supply
current harmonics in both, motoring and regeneration, as well as high
dynamics during fast power flow changes on the load side. It also offers
the possibility to boost the DC voltage higher than the respective
incoming AC supply. This can be used to compensate for a weak
network or increase the motor's maximum torque capacity in the field
weakening area.

The main benefits of the IGTB solution braking are:

• Stable torque even if net voltage is unstable.
• Nominal torque available even in the field weakening area.
• Fast and smooth operation in motoring-regenerating-motoring
transition.
The main drawbacks of the IGTB solution drive are:
• Higher investment cost, up to 2 times of a standard frequency
converter cost.
• The braking capability is not available during power supply failure.

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8.9 Monitoring kit

Alfa Laval ref. 585124-01, rev. 4

Cover interlocking switch

Speed sensor

Pressure
sensor

Vibration
sensor

G 08 70 0 J 1

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8.9.1 Inductive sensor

Alfa Laval ref. 552042, rev. 8

G 0 63 61 K 1

A. Cable, 2 or 10 meters
Alfa Laval ref. B. V1 connection/M12

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8.9.2 Vibration sensor

Alfa Laval ref. 567112, rev. 2

G0688621
A. Sensitive axis
B. Black -
C. White +
D. Screen

Technical data:

- Frequency response 2 Hz to 1 kHz

- Mounted resonance 18 kHz min

- Measurement range 50 gpeak

- Isolation: base isolated

- Temperature sensitivity: 0,08%/Co

- Electrical noise: 0,3 mV max

- Transverse sensitivity: less than 5%

- Supply voltage 10-32 Voltage DC

- Output signal: 4-20 mA

- Standard cable: 5 metres over braided twin core PTFE

- Case material: Stainless steel

- Weight: 150 gms (nominal)

- Sealing: IP 67

- Example of supplier: Monitran Ltd.

- Suppliers denomination: MTN/1185CM-25 PG7 (0-25 mm/sec. RMS)
MTN/1185CM-50 PG7 (0-50 mm/sec. RMS)

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8.9.3 Cover interlocking switch

Alfa Laval ref. 551337, rev. 7

G0636451

A. Cable:
– Colour: Grey
– Leads area: 0,75 mm2
– Material: PVC
B. Switching points
C. Contact closed
D. Contact open
G 0 86 77 N1

Wire colour codes:

BK Black
BN Brown
GN-YE Green-Yellow

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Approvals:

Approved for flameproof applications according to

EN 50014/NFC 23-514, EN 50018/NFC 23-518.

- Approval: LCIE No. 81.6089. See AL drawing 551338

- Switching capacity: 1 million cycles

Type code:

- Actuator and ring made of stainless steel.

Mechanical data:

Protection class: IP67 acc. to IEC 529.

Ambient temperature: -25 °C to +70 °C

Resistance against;

- Shock: 50 g acc. to IEC 68-2-7

- Vibration: 5 g (10-500Hz) acc. to IEC 68-2-7

Enclosure;

- Material: Zinc

- Coating: THROPIC treatment

Switch mechanism;

- Material: Stainless Steel

- Sealing rings: Chloroprene rubber

Electrical data:

- Maximum voltage: 500V AC/DC acc. to NCF 20.040

Switching capacity:

Voltage: 12 24 48 127 230

AC load in VA: 75 200 280 500 550

DC load in W: 7 7 9 13 --

Explosion protection: Certified acc. to Directive 94/9/EC (ATEX)

Explosion protection: ll 2 GD EEx d llC T6 IP66/67 T85oC

Test certificate: INERIS 03ATEX0083X

Switching capacity: 1 milion cycles

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8.9.4 Pressure transmitter

Alfa Laval ref. 569089-01, rev. 1

Approx. 61

Pin 1: + supply
Pin 2: - common

G 0 77 64 Y1

Technical data:

- Pressure range: 0 - 2,5 bar relative

- Out signal: 4 - 20 mA
- Housing material: stainless steel
- Power supply: 12,5 - 28 VDC, max 28 mA
- Electrical connection according to: DIN 43 650 - A

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8.10 Paring disc

characteristics
Alfa Laval ref. 575371, rev. 0

Paring disc characteristics at bowl speed

6240 rpm.

G 0 86 75 I1
NACA paring disc 572314-01
A. Counter pressure kPa
B. Flow m3/h
C. Power (kW)
D. Pmax.
E. Pmin.
F. Power
G. P inlet

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9 Installation
9.1 Introduction
These installation specifications are valid for
the PX 55 separator.

The installation instructions are specifications,

which are compulsory requirements.
Any specific requirements from classification
societies or other local authorities must be
followed.

NOTE

If the specifications are not followed, Alfa Laval

can not be held responsible for any
malfunctions related to the installation.

Ensure that the separator delivered is suitable

for the application. Elements that are important
to consider are, e.g., process liquid density and
temperature, corrosion characteristics, sludge
characteristics, solids contents of the process
liquid, toxicity, inflammability, degree of
automation, etc.
Most of the installation instructions are
Specifications, which are compulsory
requirements. These specifications are
sometimes completed with non-compulsory
Recommendations, which could improve the
installation quality.
Additional installation information, such as
drawings, connection lists and interface
description, can be found previous in this
chapter.

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9.1.1 Storage and transport of

goods

Storage

Specification
Upon arrival to the store, check all
components and keep them:
• Well stored and protected from mechanical
damage.
• Dry and protected from rain and humidity.
• Organized in the store in such a way that the
goods will be easily accessible when
installation is about to take place.

A separator can be delivered with different

types of protection:

Fixed on a pallet.
The separator must be stored in a storage
room well protected from mechanical damage
and also dry and protected from rain and
humidity.

G 0 40 2 72 1

In a wooden box which is not water tight.

The separator must be stored dry and
protected from rain and humidity.
G 04 02 73 1

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In a special water-resistant box for outdoor

storage.
The separator and its parts have been treated
with an anti-corrosion agent. Once the box
has been opened, store dry and protected
from rain and humidity.
The packaging for outdoor storage is only to
special order.

G 0 40 27 41
Transport

Specification

• During transport of the separator, the frame

hood and bowl must always be removed
from the machine.
• When lifting a separator it must always be
hung securely. See chapter ‘‘6.9 Lifting
instructions” on page 185.

ING
WARN
!

Crush Hazard
Use correct lifting tools and follow lifting
instructions.

• During erection, all inlets and outlets to

separators and accessories must be
covered to be protected from dirt and dust.

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9.1.2 Planning of installation

Space for separator

The separator shall be placed in such a way
that suitable space for maintenance and repair
is obtained.
The space required for one or more separators
can be calculated by consulting the drawings in
the chapters ‘‘8.6.1 Basic size drawing” on page
227, ‘‘8.6.2 Foundation drawing” on page 230
and instructions for ancillary equipment,
electrical and electronic equipment and cables.

Specification

• See chapter ‘‘8.6.2 Foundation drawing” on

page 230 for the service space required with
the separator installed.
Recommendation

• The spanner for the large lock ring should

have sufficient space to make a complete
turn without touching any of the ancillary
equipment surrounding the separator.

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G 0 87 37 2 1
Important measurements are:
- minimum lifting height for lifting bowl parts
- shortest distance between driving motor and wall
- space for control and operation
- free passage for dismantling and assembly
- space for maintenance work
- space on floor for machine parts during maintenance
work

Lifting height for transport of bowl

Specification

• A minimum height is required to lift the bowl,

bowl parts and the bowl spindle, see
chapter ‘‘8.6.2 Foundation drawing” on
page 230.

Recommendation

• When two or more separators are installed it

is recommended to plan the installation in
such a way that parts from one separator do
not have to be lifted over another separator.

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Space for oil changing

Specification

• The plug for gearbox oil draining must not be

blocked by floor plate arrangement, etc.

Recommendation

• It should be possible to place a portable

collecting tray under the gearbox drain plug
for changing oil.

Place the separator in such a way that makes

the oil change easy

G 0 48 42 41

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Connections to surrounding equipment

Specification
• If the local safety regulations prescribe that
the installation has to be inspected and
approved by responsible authorities before
the plant is put into service, consult with
such authorities before installing the
equipment and have the projected plant
approved by them.
• Ensure that all service media (compressed
air, electric power, operating, cooling and
safety liquids etc.) required for the separator
have the correct quality and capacity. In
cases where supply failure of the service
media might cause damage, automatic
supervision is recommended. This applies to
operating media for solids discharging
separators where a failure could cause
unbalance or water leakage into the
lubricating oil.
• If the starting equipment containing the main
switch is placed in such a position that it
cannot be seen from the separator, most
local safety regulations require that a
separate safety switch must be installed in
the power supply to the separator motor.
• As the separator stands on soft rubber
mountings, always design the pipe-work to
and from the separator in such a way that
there will be sufficient flexibility. Possible
vibration should not be allowed to be
transmitted via the piping.
• For specification of flexibility for feed inlet
and outlets, see ‘‘8.6.1 Basic size drawing”
on page 227.

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• Only motors (including necessary monitoring

equipment) specified by Alfa Laval may be
fitted to the separator. Violation of this can
cause severe damage and create a safety
risk for the personnel. Motor drives of
variable speed must not be used unless
approved by Alfa Laval and used in
combination with appropriate safety devices.
• Design the system is such a way that there is
always an open outlet for liquid from the bowl
casing drain outlet.
• If the sediment from the separator is
discharged into a tank, this tank must be
sufficiently ventilated. The connection
between the separator and the tank must be
of the size and configuration specified.
• If the solids are discharged from the
separator bowl casing into a closed system,
ensure that this system cannot be overfilled
or closed in such a way that the solids
cannot leave the bowl casing. This could
cause a hazardous situation.
• Ensure that the pressure of the cooling liquid
in the jackets cannot exceed the specified
limit in ‘‘8.3 Connection List” on page 207.
Excess pressure will cause damage.

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9.1.3 Foundations

NOTE

When lifting a separator it must always be

hung securely. See chapter ‘‘6.9 Lifting
instructions” on page 185.

Specification
• The separator should be installed at floor level, see chapter ‘‘8.6.2 Foundation
drawing” on page 230 for measures and how to pour the foundation plate in concrete.
• The separator must be installed on a strong and rigid foundation to reduce the
influence of vibrations from adjacent machinery.

At delivery the parts 1-5 are fitted on the separator.

The screw (5) is locked with Loctite 243 and tightened with 40 Nm.
Proceed in the following way when mounting the separator onto the feet of the
foundation plate (8):

a Level against the upper face of the

three holders (6). Screw the holders
to compensate for inclination, if any.
Any gap between a holder and a
foundation foot (8) must be
eliminated by adding one or more

G 0 66 70 4 1
adjusting washers (7).

b Lower the separator into the three

holders.

c Tighten the set screws (9), first by hand (or

by a hand tool, if necessary) until all of them
are in contact with the frame feet (2).
Then tighten the set screws with 100 Nm.

1. Rubber cushion
NOTE 2. Frame foot
3. Rectangular ring
Tighten the set screws before 4. Washer
mounting the bowl or cyclone. 5. Screw
6. Holder
7. Adjusting washer
d Mount the bowl and check that the frame is
8. Foot on foundation plate
horizontal by means of a level placed on the 9. Set screw
C 00 58 6F 1

outer frame rim.

Make a new adjustment if necessary

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9.1.4 Protection and storage of

goods

a The separator must be stored indoors at 5 -

55 °C, if not delivered in a water-resistant
box, designated for outdoor storage.

b If there is a risk for water condensation, the

equipment must stand well ventilated and at
a temperature above dew point.

The following protection products are

recommended:
1 Anti-rust oil (Dinitrol 112 or equivalent) with long
lasting effective treatment for external surfaces.
The oil should prevent corrosion attacks and c If the storage time exceeds 12 months, the
leaves a waxy surface. equipment must be inspected every 6
2 Anti-rust oil (Dinitrol 40 or equivalent) is a thin months and, if necessary, the protection be
lubricant for inside protection. It gives a renewed.
lubricating transparent oil film.
3 Solvent, e.g. white spirit, to remove the anti-rust
oil after the storage period.
G 0 87 36 61

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9.1.5 Maintenance service

A work bench should be installed in the separator room.

Hot water and compressed air should be available near the work
bench to make maintenance work easier.

An overhead hoist with capacity of 300 kg is required for

transport of bowl parts to the working bench. Lifting point should
be above the centre of the separator.

NOTE

When two or more separators are installed, the

lifting height should be increased to enable
bowl parts from one separator to be lifted and
moved over an adjoining separator.
See ‘‘8.6.2 Foundation drawing” on page 228.
G 0 87 38 91

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9.1.6 Connections to surrounding

equipment

Local safety regulations

If the local safety regulations prescribe that the
installation has to be inspected and approved by
responsible authorities before the plant is put
into service, consult with such authorities before
installing the equipment and have the projected

G 0 8 73 91 1
plant design approved by them.

Service media
Ensure that all service media (electric power,
operating and safety liquids etc.) required for the
separator have the correct quality and capacity.

G 0 87 40 11
Sludge discharge tank
If the sediment from the separator is discharged
into a tank, this tank must be sufficiently
ventilated. The connection between the
separator and the tank must be of the size and
configuration specified.
If the solids are discharged from the separator
bowl casing into a closed system, ensure that
this system cannot be overfilled or closed in such
a way that the solids cannot leave the bowl
casing. This could cause a hazardous situation. G 0 87 4 31 1

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9.2 Storage at out of

operation
If the separator is out of operation for more
than 2 weeks:
1 Lift out the bowl.
2 Protect the spindle taper from corrosion by
lubricating it with oil.
3 Keep the separator and bowl well stored, dry
and protected from mechanical damage.
For details see ‘‘9.1.4 Protection and storage of
goods” on page 264

9.3 Before start-up

If the separator has been out of operation for:

6 months or longer
1 Perform an Intermediate service i i and
make sure to pre-lubricate the spindle
bearings.
2 Change the oil before starting.

18 months or longer
1 Perform an Major service M .

G 0 86 87 M 1
2 Change the oil before starting.

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