2.

Steps for Creating Template in Django

[project folder location - F:\djangobasicproject]

Django Requires Python

To check if your system has Python installed, run this command in the
command prompt:

python --version

If Python is installed, you will get a result with the version number, like this

Python 3.9.2

If you find that you do not have Python installed on your computer, then you
can download it for free from the following website: https://www.python.org/

PIP
To install Django, you must use a package manager like PIP, which is
included in Python from version 3.4.

To check if your system has PIP installed, run this command in the command
prompt:

pip --version

If PIP is installed, you will get a result with the version number.

For me, on a windows machine, the result looks like this:

pip 20.2.3 from c:\python39\lib\site-packages\pip (python 3.9)

If you do not have PIP installed, you can download and install it from this
page: https://pypi.org/project/pip/

Virtual Environment
It is suggested to have a dedicated virtual environment for each Django
project

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nd one way to manage a virtual environment is venv, which is included in
Python.

The name of the virtual environment is your choice, in this tutorial we will
call it myworld.

Type the following in the command prompt, remember to navigate to where

you want to create your project:

Windows:

py -m venv myworld

Unix/MacOS:

python -m venv myworld

This will set up a virtual environment, and create a folder named "myworld"
with subfolders and files, like this:

myworld
Include
Lib
Scripts
pyvenv.cfg

Then you have to activate the environment, by typing this command:

Windows:

myworld\Scripts\activate.bat

Unix/MacOS:

source myworld/bin/activate

Once the environment is activated, you will see this result in the command
prompt:

Windows:

(myworld) C:\Users\Your Name>

Unix/MacOS:

(myworld) ... $
Note: You must activate the virtual environment every time you open the
command prompt to work on your project.

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Install Django
Now, that we have created a virtual environment, we are ready to install
Django.

Note: Remember to install Django while you are in the virtual environment!

Django is installed using pip, with this command:

Windows:

(myworld) C:\Users\Your Name>py -m pip install Django

Unix/MacOS:

(myworld) ... $ python -m pip install Django

Which will give a result that looks like this (at least on my Windows
machine):

Collecting Django
Downloading Django-4.0.3-py3-none-any.whl (8.0 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 8.0 MB 2.2 MB/s
Collecting sqlparse>=0.2.2
Using cached sqlparse-0.4.2-py3-none-any.whl (42 kB)
Collecting asgiref<4,>=3.4.1
Downloading asgiref-3.5.0-py3-none-any.whl (22 kB)
Collecting tzdata; sys_platform == "win32"
Downloading tzdata-2021.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (339 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 339 kB 6.4 MB/s
Installing collected packages: sqlparse, asgiref, tzdata, Django
Successfully installed Django-4.0.3 asgiref-3.5.0 sqlparse-0.4.2
tzdata-2021.5
WARNING: You are using pip version 20.2.3; however, version 22.3 is
available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'C:\Users\Your
Name\myworld\Scripts\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

That's it! Now you have installed Django in your new project, running in a
virtual environment!

Windows, Mac, or Unix?

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You can run this project on either one. There are some small differences, like
when writing commands in the command prompt, Windows uses py as the
first word in the command line, while Unix and MacOS use python:

Windows:

py --version

Unix/MacOS:

python --version

In the rest of this tutorial, we will be using the Windows command.

Check Django Version

You can check if Django is installed by asking for its version number like this:

(myworld) C:\Users\Your Name>django-admin --version

If Django is installed, you will get a result with the version number:

4.1.2

Django Create Project

My First Project
Once you have come up with a suitable name for your Django project, like
mine: my_tennis_club, navigate to where in the file system you want to store
the code (in the virtual environment), I will navigate to the myworld folder,
and run this command in the command prompt:

django-admin startproject my_tennis_club

Django creates a my_tennis_club folder on my computer, with this content:

my_tennis_club
manage.py
my_tennis_club/

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 __init__.py
asgi.py
settings.py
urls.py
wsgi.py

These are all files and folders with a specific meaning, you will learn about
some of them later in this tutorial, but for now, it is more important to know
that this is the location of your project, and that you can start building
applications in it.

Run the Django Project

Now that you have a Django project, you can run it, and see what it looks
like in a browser.

Navigate to the /my_tennis_club folder and execute this command in the

command prompt:

py manage.py runserver

Which will produce this result:

Watching for file changes with StatReloader

Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).

You have 18 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly
until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes,
sessions.
Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them.
October 27, 2022 - 13:03:14
Django version 4.1.2, using settings 'my_tennis_club.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.

Open a new browser window and type 127.0.0.1:8000 in the address bar.

The result:

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Django Create App
What is an App?
An app is a web application that has a specific meaning in your project, like a
home page, a contact form, or a members database.

In this tutorial we will create an app that allows us to list and register
members in a database.

But first, let's just create a simple Django app that displays "Hello World!".

Create App
I will name my app members.

Start by navigating to the selected location where you want to store the app,
in my case the my_tennis_club folder, and run the command below.

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If the server is still running, and you are not able to write commands, press
[CTRL] [BREAK], or [CTRL] [C] to stop the server and you should be back in
the virtual environment.

py manage.py startapp members

Django creates a folder named members in my project, with this content:

my_tennis_club
manage.py
my_tennis_club/
members/
migrations/
__init__.py
__init__.py
admin.py
apps.py
models.py
tests.py
views.py

These are all files and folders with a specific meaning. You will learn about
most of them later in this tutorial.

First, take a look at the file called views.py.

This is where we gather the information we need to send back a proper

response.

Django Views
Views
Django views are Python functions that takes http requests and returns http
response, like HTML documents.

A web page that uses Django is full of views with different tasks and
missions.

Views are usually put in a file called views.py located on your app's folder.

There is a views.py in your members folder that looks like this:

my_tennis_club/members/views.py:

from django.shortcuts import render

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# Create your views here.

Find it and open it, and replace the content with this:

my_tennis_club/members/views.py:

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.http import HttpResponse

def members(request):

return HttpResponse("Hello world!")

Note: The name of the view does not have to be the same as the
application.

I call it members because I think it fits well in this context.

This is a simple example on how to send a response back to the browser.

Django URLs
Create a file named urls.py in the same folder as the views.py file, and type
this code in it:

my_tennis_club/members/urls.py:

from django.urls import path

from . import views

urlpatterns = [

path('members/', views.members, name='members'),

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The urls.py file you just created is specific for the members application. We
have to do some routing in the root directory my_tennis_club as well. This may
seem complicated, but for now, just follow the instructions below.

There is a file called urls.py on the my_tennis_club folder, open that file and
add the include module in the import statement, and also add a path() function
in the urlpatterns[] list, with arguments that will route users that comes in
via 127.0.0.1:8000/.

Then your file will look like this:

my_tennis_club/my_tennis_club/urls.py:

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [

path('', include('members.urls')),

path('admin/', admin.site.urls),

If the server is not running, navigate to the /my_tennis_club folder and execute
this command in the command prompt:

py manage.py runserver

In the browser window, type 127.0.0.1:8000/members/ in the address bar.

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Django Templates
Templates
In the Django Intro page, we learned that the result should be in HTML, and
it should be created in a template, so let's do that.

Create a templates folder inside the members folder, and create a HTML file
named myfirst.html

The file structure should be like this:

my_tennis_club
manage.py
my_tennis_club/
members/
templates/
myfirst.html

Open the HTML file and insert the following:

my_tennis_club/members/templates/myfirst.html:

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<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body>

<h1>Hello World!</h1>

<p>Welcome to my first Django project!</p>

</body>

</html>

Modify the View

Open the views.py file and replace the members view with this:

my_tennis_club/members/views.py:

from django.http import HttpResponse

from django.template import loader

def members(request):

template = loader.get_template('myfirst.html')

return HttpResponse(template.render())

Change Settings
To be able to work with more complicated stuff than "Hello World!", We have
to tell Django that a new app is created.

This is done in the settings.py file in the my_tennis_club folder.

Look up the INSTALLED_APPS[] list and add the members app like this:

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my_tennis_club/my_tennis_club/settings.py:

INSTALLED_APPS = [

'django.contrib.admin',

'django.contrib.auth',

'django.contrib.contenttypes',

'django.contrib.sessions',

'django.contrib.messages',

'django.contrib.staticfiles',

'members'

Open settings.py and Configure TEMPLATES section

Copy path of your template directory and paste under TEMPLATES section in
seetings.py

'DIRS': ['F:/djangobasicproject/my_tennis_club/members/templates'],

Save all files

Then run this command:

py manage.py migrate

Which will produce this output:

Operations to perform:
Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions
Running migrations:
Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK
Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK

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 Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK
Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0010_alter_group_name_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0011_update_proxy_permissions... OK
Applying auth.0012_alter_user_first_name_max_length... OK
Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK

(myworld) C:\Users\Your Name\myworld\my_tennis_club>

Start the server by navigating to the /my_tennis_club folder and execute this
command:

py manage.py runserver

In the browser window, type 127.0.0.1:8000/members/ in the address bar.

The result should look like this:

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