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10 views

Etchhhhhh

Uploaded by

Sheryl Bacay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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General

Chemis t r y 1
Quar t er 1

Prepared by:
Angelika R. Lee
Recall: Matter

Pic k a glas s

1 3

2 4

nex t
back

It is a for m of mat t er
t hat has definit e
(c ons t ant ) c ompos it ion
and dis t inc t pr oper t ies .
bac k

It is a chemical substance composed of


many ident ic al molec ules c ompos ed of
at oms fr om mor e t han one element held
t oget her by c hemic al bonds .
bac k

It is a material
c ompos ed of t wo or
mor e s impler
s ubs t anc es in
c hemis t r y.
bac k

It is a separation technique used


t o s epar at e c omponent s of a liquid
mix t ur e by a pr oc es s of heat ing
and c ooling, whic h ex ploit s t he
differ enc es in t he volat ilit y of
eac h of t he c omponent s .
Learning Competencies

Recognize common isotopes and their uses.


STEM_GC11MPIa-e-19

Represent compounds using chemical formulas, structural


formulas and models.
STEM_GC11MPIa-e-21

Name compounds given their formula and write formula


given the name of the compound.
STEM_GC11MPIa-e-23
Recognize Common Isotopes
and their Uses
Common Isotopes and their Uses
• Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical
element which differ in neutron number, and
consequently in nucleon number. All isotopes
of a given element have the same number of
protons but different numbers of neutrons in
each atom.

• To represent the composition of any


particular atom, we need to specify its
number of protons (p), neutrons (n), and
electrons (e). We can do this with the
symbolism.
Recognize Common Isotopes and their Uses
Recognize Common Isotopes and their Uses
Recognize Common Isotopes and their Uses
• Protium - The most common isotope of hydrogen is protium (a hydrogen atom).
Protium is a selective “proton pump inhibitor,” a medication that reduces the amount of
stomach acid produced. It is used to treat stomach and intestine acid-related illnesses.

• Deuterium - A stable isotope of hydrogen with a mass approximately twice that of


the usual isotope. Deuterated water is used in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. It
is used as a moderator in nuclear reactors. For tracking the process of Photosynthesis
in plants, it is used as the primary tracer element.

• Tritium - is a rare and radioactive isotope of hydrogen. Tritium is used as the energy
source in radioluminescent lights for watches, gun sights, numerous instruments and
tools, and even novelty items such as self-illuminating key chains. It is used in a
medical and scientific setting as a radioactive tracer. Tritium is also used as a nuclear
fusion fuel, along with more abundant deuterium, in tokamak reactors and in hydrogen
bombs.
Recognize Common Isotopes and their Uses
• Oxygen-16 - O-16 is used in the production of radioactive N-13 which is used
for PET imaging and myocardial perfusion.

• Oxygen-17 - O-17 can be used as a tracer in the study of cerebral oxygen


utilization.

• Oxygen-18 - Large quantities of O-18 are used for the production of F-18. F-
18 is used to produce 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) which is used as a
tracer in positron emission tomography or PET. Millions of these FDG-PET
medical procedures are performed annually to investigate a range of diseases in
various human organs.
Recognize Common Isotopes and their Uses

• Chlorine-35 - Chlorine-35 has been widely used in industry such as


production of salt and other more. It is also used for production of Chlorine-36 (Cl-
36 isotope, 36Cl isotope) radionuclide (radioisotope) for use in e.g. biological
research and life science;

• Chlorine-37 - Chlorine-36 has been widely used for dating old ground water.
It is also used for production of Sulphur-38 (38S isotope, S-38 isotope, Sulfur-38
isotope) radionuclide (radioisotope) for usage as a corrosion tracer (Industrial
uses of radioisotopes and enriched isotopes);
Important Common Isotopes and their Uses
Isotopes Use/s
Sodium-24 Injected into limb to detect blood clot/obstruction testing in circulatory
system
Cobalt-60 Detect and Treat Cancer/ use to kill bacteria

Iodine-131 Detect functions of Thyroid Gland / treatment of thyroid disorders


Phosphorous-32 Added to fertilizer to study plant processes/ blood volume
determination
Nitrogen-15 Added to fertilizer to study plant processes

Cesium-137 Use to kill bacteria


Flourine-18 Use for diagnosis and treatment of diseases
Carbon-11 Positron emission tomography
Carbon-14 Carbon dating Process / Radio labelling of organic compounds
Important Common Isotopes and their Uses

ISOTOPES USES
Gallium-67 Use for diagnosis and treatment of diseases
Tritium (3H) Radio labelling of organic compounds and archaeological dating

Chromium-51 Measuring of formation and lifetime of erythrocytes


Gadolinium-153 Measuring the density of bones
Radium-226 Radiotherapy for cancer treatment
Uranium-235 Production of nuclear reactors and weaponry
Uranium-238 Archaeological dating
Iridium-192 Industrial tracer
Americium-241 Smoke detectors
Thanks!

Do you have any questions?


Angelika R. Lee
09338224416
[email protected]

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