INTERNSHIP 2023-24-

22

VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

JNANA SANGAMA, BELGAVI - 590 014

H.K.E SOCIETY’S
Sir M. VISVESVARAYA COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING
YERAMARUS CAMP, RAICHUR-584135S

AN INTERNSHIP REPORT ON

“REPORT ON CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENCIAL BUILDING”

SUBMITTED BY

MOHEMMED YUSUF IMRAN

(3SL21CV409)

Internship Carried Out At

Nagabhushana Consultancy Services

Opp: RDCC Bank I.D.S.M.T Layout, Near Radio Station Raichur – 584101

Internal Guide
Prof. SUBHASH.A.PATIL

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

2023-24

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H.K.E SOCIETY
Sir M. VISVESVARAYA COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING
YERAMARUS CAMP, RAICHUR-584135S

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that MOHEMMED YUSUF IMRAN (3SL21CV409) of B.E 8th Semester
has successfully completed the Internship Work(18CVI85) entitled “REPORT ON
CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENCIAL BUILDING” for the partial fulfillment of Bachelor
of Engineering in Civil Engineering as prescribed by the Visvesvaraya Technological
University, Belagavi during the academic year 2023-24.

Signature of Internal Guide Signature of HOD

Subhash.A.Patil Shankar Gowda Patil
Assistant Professor Head of the department
Dept. Of Civil Engineering, Dept. Of Civil Engineering
Sir MVCE Raichur Sir MVCE Raichur

Name of Examiner: Signature with Date

1.
1. _
2.
2. _

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DECLARATION

I hereby declare that, the Internship Report entitled, “REPORT ON

CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENCIAL BUILDING” which is submitted here with for the award of

degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Civil Engineering of Visvesvaraya Technological

University, Belagavi during the year 2023-24 is the result of the work done by us at
Department of Civil Engineering H.K.E Society’s Sir M Visvesvaraya College of
Engineering, Raichur, under the supervision of Subhash.A.Patil. I further declare that, the
matter embodied in this internship work have not been previously submitted by me for award
of any other degree.

Declaration by
MOHEMMED YUSUF IMRAN
(3SL21CV409)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

My special gratitude and heartfelt thanks to the Management of H.K.E Society’s Sir M
Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Raichur for their blessings and wishes to carry out the
Internship work.
I extend our sincere thanks to our beloved Principal Dr R.Basawaraj, H.K.E Society’s Sir M
Visvesvaraya College Of Engineering, Raichur for their kind support in the successful
completion of project. We are also grateful to our Head of the Department Shankar Gowda
Patil, Department of Civil Engineering & Internship coordinator Prof.Amaresh for his
constant encouragement and support in carrying out the Internship work.

I would like to express our immense gratefulness to Our Subhash.A.Patil Department of

Civil Engineering, for his guidance and support throughout my internship work.
I also wish to express our profound gratitude to my parents for their blessings, faith and support
for me, which has always been a constant source of inspiration.
I would also like to acknowledge our department technicians who have helped and contributed
towards my work. Without their support this work would not have been accomplished.

Submitted By
MOHEMMED YUSUF IMRAN
(3SL21CV409)

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ACCEPTANCE LATTER

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INTERNSHIP CERTIFICATE

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CONTENTS

CHAPTER DESCRIPTION PAGE

NO.
1 Company Profile 08

2 Building Materials 09-15

3 Engineers Diary 16-17

4 Task Performed 18-62

5 Conclusion 63

CHAPTER 1

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COMPANY PROFILE

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1.1 INTRODUTION

Nagabhushana Consultancy Services, Established in the year 2017, is a

leading consultancy organization in the field of infrastructure across
Karnataka ,we provide world class services in planning, engineering designs,
project management, and digital transformation through our extensive
experience, devoted team, and through use of innovative tools and techniques.

In the last two decades, India has witnessed spectacular growth in the
Infrastructure sector. During the same period, Nagabhushana Consultancy
Services established itself as a leading consulting organization. Our motive is
to grow with the nation, with our clients, with our partners, and with our
employees.

Mission:
Our Mission is to offer technology driven high quality services with efficiency
and speed.

Vision:
To emerge as a global consultant in infrastructure projects, and to play a vital
role in the digital transformation of the construction industry, both
domestically and globally.

CHAPTER 2

BUILDING MATERIALS

A building structure is composed of different types of the material these materials are called as
building materials.
The materials used in the building are on basis of the availability and cost.

To construct a building the essential building material are as follows:

 Cement

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The cement, often called the magic power is a fine ground material consisting of compound of
lime, silica, alumina and iron.
When mixed with water it forms a paste which hardened and bind the aggregates (sand, gravel,
crushed rock, etc.) together to form a durable mass called as concrete.
Cement is the binder that holds concrete and mortars together.
That is why it plays the most critical role in giving strength and durability to the building.
Basically three types of Cement used in construction
I. Portland Slag Cement:
Conforming to IS: 455, it is a combination of good quality blast furnace slag from the iron steel
industry with clinker.

II. Portland Pozzolana Cement:

Conforming to IS: 1489, it is a combination of fly ash (from thermal power plant)
with clinker and gypsum.
Pozzolana cement is prepared by grinding Portland cement clinker with
pozzolana.
This type of cement is largely used in marine structure.

III. Ordinary Portland Cement:

 33 grade conforming to IS: 269, 43 grade conforming to IS: 8112 and 53 grade
conforming to IS: 12269.
 It is a combination of clinker and gypsum of good quality.
 Ordinary Portland cement is manufactured by first burning at a very high temperature the
mixture of calcareous (mainly calcium carbonate) and argillaceous (mainly clay) and
then grinding the product (i.e. clinker) with small amount of gypsum into a fine power
known as Ordinary Portland Cement.
 Ordinary Portland cement of grade 43 for plastering and 53 for foundation has been
used .
Good quality cement has the following features:

 Reduced water requirement

 Improve Workability
 Less permissible to moisture
 Improved resistance to acid and chlorides
 Reduced heat of hydration
 Easier to finish
 Reduced shrinkage

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 Reduced leaching problems because it has low content of free lime

Sand
 These are cohesion less aggregates of either, rounded sub rounded, angular, sub angular
or flat fragments of more or less unaltered rock of minerals consisting of 90% of particles
of size greater than 0.06 mm and less than2 mm.
 Alternatively, these are coarse grained cohesion less particles of silica derived from the
disintegration of rock.
 The silt content in sand sample should be less than or equal to 8%.
These are of three types:
i. Coarse sand:

 It is one which contains 90% of particles of size greater than 0.6mm and less than 2 mm
ii. Medium sand:

 It is one, which contains 90 & of particles of particles size greater than 0.2 mm and less than 0.6
mm
iii. Fine sand:
 It is one, which contains 90% of particles of size greater than 0.06 mm and less than 0.2
mm.
 Proper selection of sand is critical in the durability and performance of concrete mixture.
 It should be clear, angular and hard, free from clay, mica and soft, flaky material graded,
which means it should be a mix of fine, medium and coarse sand free from contaminates.
 Contaminants such as sea salt are consistent in moisture (water) content which should not
exceed 7%.
 When mixing concrete the moisture content must be taken into consideration.
 The price of sand includes three or four components-base cost, transportation handling
and number of Intermediaries.
 Procuring sand in bulk directly from the source will be cheaper.
 Your neighborhood dealer in this case is likely to be costlier, except when you need
smaller quantities.

Aggregates

Aggregates is a general term applied to those inert (that chemically inactive) material, which
when bounded together by cement, form concrete. Most aggregates used in this country are
naturally occurring aggregates such as sand, crushed rock and gravel.

Aggregates for concrete are divided into three categories:

1. Fine Aggregates:
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Most of which passes through 4.75 mm I.S. sieve and retained on 150 micron.

2. Coarse Aggregates:
Most of which passes through 63 mm I.S. sieve and retained on 4.75 micron.

3. All in Aggregate:
Mixed aggregate, as it comes from the pit or river bed. It is sometimes used for
unimportant work without separating into different sizes.

Properties of Natural Aggregates:

The properties should comply with the norms laid down in IS: 38-1970 Specification for C.A.
and F.A. from natural sources for concrete.
Aggregates should be chemically inert, strong, hard, durable, of limited porosity (water
absorption when immersed in water for 24 hours should not be more than 10%.),free from
adherent coating, clay lumps, coal and coal residues and should contain no organic or other
admixture that may cause corrosion of the reinforcement or impair the strength or durability of
the concrete.
The shape (rounded, irregular, angular and flaky) and sizes of the aggregates should conform to
the strength and workability requirements

Uses of the Aggregates:

Naturally occurring crushed stone aggregates can be used for producing any type of good
concrete or R.C.C. for construction purpose.
Broken brick aggregates are used to produce plain concrete but not suitable for R.C.C which is
lighter than broken stone aggregate.
Air- cooled blast furnace slag, which is a by- product in the process of pigiron, forms a stronger
and durable concrete when mixed with sand, and has a high fire resistance.
RCC stands for reinforced cement concrete, to enhance the load carrying capacity of the concrete
it is reinforced with steel bars of different diameters provided in an appropriate manner such
concrete is called reinforced concrete.
These bars are provided at various locations to resist the internal forces, which are developed
due to the loads acting on the structure.

Reinforcement Steel
Reinforcing steel contributes to the tensile strength of the concrete. Concrete has low tensile, but
high compressive strength.
The tensile deficiency is compensated by reinforcing the concrete mass through insertion of
twisted mild steel bars.
Both branded and unbranded bars are available.
It is wise to buy good brands the names of which are marked on the steel.

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During construction make sure that steel reinforcement is provided exactly as the engineering
design specification.

Precautions:
Steel bars/rods should be responsibly clean and free of rust.
Bars that cannot be easily bent manually or mechanically should be rejected.
Optimum length bars must not be chosen to reduce wastage in cutting.
To avoid laps, shorter bars must not be accepted welded length of the bars should not be
accepted.

Properties of the reinforced cement concrete:

1) The concrete develops very good bond with the surface of the steel bars and, therefore the
stresses are transferred from one material to the other which cannot resist individually.
2) The steel possesses a high tensile strength, a high modulus of elasticity and same coefficients
of expansion and contraction as concrete.
Due to equally near coefficients, no internal stresses are set up within reinforced concrete due to
variation in temperature.
3) The coating of cement grout or paste on the surface of the reinforcement protects it from
corrosion and at the same time it does not chemically react with the reinforcement.

Advantages of the reinforcement cement concrete:

 Its monolithic character provides more rigidity to the structure.
 It is highly durable and fire resisting.
 It is not affected by the vermin termite’s fungus or such other insects.
 Well-compacted R.C.C. structure is impermeable to moisture penetration.
 Care and cost of maintenance of R.C.C. structure are almost negligible.
 The fluidity of the concrete and flexibility of reinforcement make it to possible to mould
the R.C.C. members into variety of shapes desired.

Properties of Cement concrete

Strength of concrete:-
It should be have high compressive strength.
The tensile and shear strengths are generally about 8 to 12% and 8 To 10% of their compressive
strength respectively.
The compressive strength of concrete is affected by several factors such as (a) Quality of the
material and grading of the aggregates (b) Water (c) Water cement ratio (d) Cement content (e)
Age of the concrete (f) Method of mixing placing compacting and curing.

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Durability of concrete:-
 The concrete possess a high durability value, as it is not much affected by atmospheric
action.
 On the contrary, with the age, the concrete goes on hardening, thereby increase in the
strength. It is this property, which gives this material a distinct place among the building
material.

Elasticity of concrete:-

 The concrete is not a truly elastic material and elastic modulus is effect by the strength, age,
and moisture content of the concrete and the type of the aggregate used.
 The concrete undergoes an extra strain in addition to instantaneous strain on application of a
load or stress, sufficient time.
 This extra strain is called creep of concrete and is permanent in character not recovered on
the removal of load.
Shrinkage of concrete:-
The concrete has a tendency to shrink under following conditions:-
(a) There is initial shrinkage of cement concrete, which is mainly due to loss of water through
forms, absorption by surface of forms.
(b) The shrinkage of cement concrete occurs as it is hardened. This tendency of shrinkage on
one-hand cause’s cracks in concrete, while on the other, it grips the reinforcement tightly and
hence proper bond between concrete and reinforcement when used in R.C.C. work.
Fire resistance of concrete:-
Concrete is good insulator and has a fairly good fire resistance owing to the presence of pores
and also water.

Workability:-
 Workability is the most elusive property of concrete. A concrete is said to be workable if it
can be easily mixed, Handled, transported, placed in position and compacted.
 A workable concrete should not show any segregation or bleeding.
 The segregation is said to occur when the coarse aggregate tries to separate out from the finer
material and this result in concentration of coarse aggregate at one place and fine material at
another place in the mass concrete.
 The segregation creates larger void sand reduces the durability and strength both.
 The bleeding of concrete is said to occur when excess water comes up at the surface of the
concrete.
 This causes the undesirable small pores through the mass of the concrete.

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 The workability of the concrete affected by many factors: - (a) Shape of the aggregates (b)
grading and size of the aggregates(c) ratio and coarse and fine aggregates (d) efficiency of
mixing (e) quantity of water and use of any mixture.
 For maximum strength, the desired workability of fresh concrete can be attained by the
following measure:
i. The proportion of coarse aggregate may be reduced, because the finer is the grading, the
greater will be the workability.
ii. The proportion of coarse aggregate may be reduced while on the other hand
corresponding increases may be made in that of the finer aggregates.
iii. The process of mixing concrete can be repeated second time by use of the vibrator.

 Water cement ratio:-

 Water cement ratio is the ratio of the water in a mix (excluding water absorbed already by
the aggregate) to the weight of cement their-in.
 Water cement ratio is the most important factor governing the strength of concrete.
 The strength of the concrete depend mainly open the amount of cement and the amount of
water in it.
 The correct quantity of water cement ratio required for a particular mix depends upon
various factors such as mix proportions, type and grading of aggregate, method of
compaction applied and weather condition.
 On the other hand workability of a concrete mix increases as the water content or water
cement ratio of mix increased, because the water lubricate the mixture.
 But, at the same time increases in water content decreases the strength.
 Excess of water, further weaken the concrete, produces shrinkage cracks and decreases
density.
Manufacture of the PCC:-
In the manufacture of concrete, it is almost important to ensure that a concrete of predetermined
proportion is continuously placed in position in such a way that each batch almost like the other
batches as far as possible.
Batching of the concrete:-
After fixing the proportion of different ingredients of concrete for a particular work, the material
C.A., F.A., cement and water measured out in batches for mixing the process is known as
Batching. This process of batching may be carried out by weight or by volume.
(i) Weight batching: -
The unit of weight, for material of concrete, is usually Kilogram.
The batching of material by weight is absolutely straightforward, the cement, sand and coarse
aggregate being all weighed directly in Kilogram.
(ii) Volume batching: -
In batching by volume, all ingredient i.e. water, cement, sand and coarse aggregate are measured
in liters, where the resulting concrete (being) solid measured in cubic meters.
Mixing of concrete

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Mixing of concrete may be carried out by hand or machine (by using a mechanical mixture) but
the mixing by Machine is always preferred.
(i) Mixing by hand: - In this, mixing carried out by hand on a clean, hard and water tight
platform .Firstly Cement, sand, aggregate are mixed by hand with the help of the shovel and a
desired quantity of the water added to it and mix properly. This type of mixing carried out in the
small work and unimportant work.
(ii) Mixing in machine: The machine used for mixing concrete is known as mechanical concrete
mixer.
There are two main type of concrete mixer is commonly use namely:
Transporting the concrete
 Transporting the concrete mix is defined as the transferring of concrete from the mixing
plant to the construction site.
 Keep in mind that not all concrete is mixed on the actual construction site and could
require some significant travel.
 This is most common for ready mixed concrete.
 The main objective in transporting concrete is to ensure that the water cement ratio,
slump or consistency, air content, homogeneity are not modified from their intended
states.
 The concrete is transported commonly by the steel pipes.

CHAPTER 3
ENGINEERS DAIRY
DAY DATE NATURE OF WORK
1 18-08-2023 Study of Site Drawing,
2 19-08-2023 Plastering quantity calculation
3 20-08-2023 ---------
4 21-08-2023 Plastering Work
5 22-08-2023 Plastering Work
6 23-08-2023 Flooring Quantity Calculation, Fixing of Door &
Windows Frames
7 24-08-2023 Flooring Work
8 25-08-2023 Flooring Work
9 26-08-2023 Bar bending & Shuttering Work
10 27-08-2023 ---------
11 28-08-2023 Inspected Bar bending As per Drawing

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12 29-08-2023 Painting Work

13 30-08-2023 PCC work for Footing
14 31-08-2023 Marking of Footing ,Bar bending work
15 01-09-2023 Footing Concrete Work

16 02-09-2023 Column Shuttering & Column Concrete Work

17 03-09-2023 ----------
18 04-09-2023 Basement work under progress
19 05-09-2023 Study of Drawing
20 06-09-2023 Construction of Brick Wall Work
21 07-09-2023 Construction of Brick Wall Work
22 08-09-2023 Bar bending &Column Starter work
23 09-09-2023 Shuttering work
24 10-09-2023 ----------
25 11-09-2023 Column Concrete Work
26 12-09-2023 Quantity of Brick for parapet wall
27 13-09-2023 Construction parapet Wall
28 14-09-2023 Electrical Work of Building
29 15-09-2023 Plumbing Work
30 16-09-2023 Site Mark out for Excavation
31 17-09-2023 ----------
32 18-09.2023 Quantity Calculation for Flooring ,Plastering & Slab

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CHAPTER 4
TASK PERFORMED

Day 1 :Safety instructions on Site & Study of Site Drawing:

In the first day the mentors suggested different safety measure such as to wear
helmets, shoes etc.
Safety measures are suggested by our site mentors:
Any construction site is a dangerous occupation for all person, especially for labors
working on site and so one must be prepared every day for safety. For this purpose,
various safety measures have to be taken.
Safety procedures at construction site:
Personal protective equipment (PPE) are supplied to all the person
Working on site and even for the person who are temporarily visiting to the site.
Personal protective equipment are follows:

1) Hard hat or helmet: In first day the everyone received helmets. It has to be
worn at all times at job site.

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2) Safety vests: safety vests also called high visible shirts. Purpose of vest is to
keep the person always clear in view even in the dark and should visible to
everyone.

3) Proper clothing: shirts, long pants, safety shoes is recommended.

4) Face shields: A full face shield should be worn along with safety glasses when
working in high debris, operating grinder or any speak producing activity or
similar activities or when done on site. An approved welding shield is
compulsory to wear during as welding operations.

Study of Site Drawing

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Day 2
 Taken Measurement Of Building To Calculate The Quantity
of Plastering

Taken measurement of Building to Calculate the quantity of plastering

Taken measurement of Building to calculate the quantity of plastering

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No quantit
SL.No Item Length Bredth Depth Unit
s y
1 Internal Plastering
Bed room 2 3 3.3 19.8
2 3.5 3.3 23.1
42.9 Sqm
M Bed room 2 3.1 3.3 20.46
2 3.5 3.3 23.1
43.56 Sqm
Attached Toilet 2 2 3.3 13.2
1.2 3.3 3.96
17.16
Living Room 2 3 3.3 19.8
2 5.15 3.3 33.99
53.79 sqm
Common Toilet 2 3 3.3 19.8
2 1.2 3.3 7.92
27.72 Sqm
pooja room 2 0.9 3.3 5.94
2 1.8 3.3 11.88
17.82 Sqm
kitchen 2 2.1 3.3 13.86
2 2.4 3.3 15.84
29.7 Sqm
Deductions 232.65 Sqm
Bed Room Door -1 0.9 2.1 -1.89
Bed Room Window -1 1.2 1.2 -1.44
Bed room ventilator -1 1.2 0.45 -0.54
M.Bed room Door -2 0.9 2.1 -3.78
M.Bed room Window -1 1.2 1.2 -1.44
M.Bed room Ventilator -1 1.2 0.45 -0.54
At.Tai Door -1 0.9 2.1 -1.89
At.Tai Ventilator -1 0.75 0.45 -0.3375
Com.Toi Ventilator -1 0.45 0.45 -0.2025
Com.Toi Door -1 0.9 2.1 -1.89
Dress Door -1 0.9 2.1 -1.89
Kitchen window -1 0.9 1.2 -1.08
Kitchen Ventilator -1 1.2 0.45 -0.54
Living Door -1 1.2 1.2 -1.44
Living Window -1 0.9 1.2 -1.08
Living Ventilator -1 0.9 0.45 -0.405
Living Window -1 1.2 1.2 -1.44
Living Ventilator -1 1.2 0.45 -0.54
Living Ventilator -1 1.2 0.45 -0.54
-22.905
Total 209.74 sqm

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External Plastering
2 6.88 3.3 45.408
2 9 3.3 59.4
104.80
sqm
8
Deductions
Windows -3 1.2 1.2 -4.32
Windows -2 0.9 1.2 -2.16
Ventilator -3 1.2 0.45 -1.62
Ventilator -2 0.9 0.45 -0.81
Ventilator -1 0.45 0.45 -0.2025
Ventilator -1 0.75 0.45 -0.3375
Ventilator -1 1 0.45 -0.45
-9.9 sqm
Total 94.908 sqm
304.65
Total Plastring Quantity sqm
3

Day 4 & 5: Plastering Work

 Mix proportion of Cement plastering 1:6

 Cement Shall be Fresh Portland Cement & Sand Shall be medium
Quality,Clean,Free From organic matter or salt
 Water Used shall be free from impurities & other harmful
ingredients.Drinding water may be used
 The first coat of plaster shall be uniformly applied in the best
workmanship after applying the water
 The thickness of 1st coat shall be not less than 12mm & should be
cured for 7 days
 The 2nd coat shall be started at least after 7 days & should be 8mm
Thickness
 Plastering surface shall kept wet by sprinkling Water after
12hours for at least 7 days

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Plastering Work

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Plastering Work
Day 6: Flooring Quantity Calculation, Fixing of Door & Windows Frames

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Taken Measurement of Floor to Calculate the Quantity Flooring

Taken Measurement of Floor to Calculate the Quantity Flooring

Flooring Calculation
No’ Breadt quantit
SL.No Item Length Depth Unit
s h y
Flooring
Bedroom 3 3.5 10.5
M.Bed room 3.1 3.5 10.85
At.Toi 2 1.2 2.4
Com.Toi 1.5 1.2 1.8
Dress 1.5 1.2 1.8
Living 3 5.15 15.45
Kitchen 2.1 2.4 5.04
Pooja 0.9 1.8 1.62
Total 49.46 sqm

Fixing of Door & Window

 Doors & Windows Frames are secured firmly in the mesonry wall
with the help of hold fasts.
 The hold fasts are properly grouted with the help of cement mortar
or cement concrete
 The size & number of windows Shouldbe sucfficent to provite
light& ventilation in the room

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Fixing of Door & Window

Fixing of Door & Window

Day 7&8: Flooring Work

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Flooring Work under progress

Flooring Work under progress

 Characteristics Of Good Flooring:

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A good quality floor should possess the following Characteristics:

 It should be durable.
 The floor should be easy to clean.
 It should not produce any sound on walking or should be noiseless.
 Flooring must have a good appearance.
 It should be free from dampness.
 It should heat resistant and fire-resistant.
 The maintenance cost of a floor should cheap.
Day 9 & 11 : Reinforcement & Shuttering Work & Inspected Bar bending As per Drawing.
 At first the structural drawing pertaining to the site was received and studied carefully.
 I checked the reinforcement of slab
 The size of the slab was 10.5x8m
 Slab reinforcement is laid at of height of 3.1m from the ground level.
 Diameter of main and distribution bars is 10mm are laid with spacing of 130mm c/c.

 I checked the accuracy of the spacing between the bars as per the drawings and
specifications given. Also, clear cover in the form of cover blocks to the slab was
checked.

Reinforcement & Shuttering Work under progress

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Reinforcement & Shuttering Work under progress

Day 12: Painting Work

Properties of an Ideal Paint

 It should be possible to apply easily and freely.

 It should dry in reasonable time.

 It should form hard and durable surface.

 It should not be harmful to the health of workers.

 It should not be easily affected by atmosphere.

 It should possess attractive and pleasing appearance.
 It should form a thin film of uniform nature i.e., it should not crack.
 It should possess good spreading power.
 It should be cheap.

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Painting Work under progress

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Painting Work under progress

Day 13: PCC work for Footing

 PCC (Plain Cement Concrete) is typically done before footing to provide

a level and stable surface for the foundation to rest on. PCC is a simple
mixture of cement, sand, and coarse aggregates, and it is used to create a
uniform and level surface that can support the weight of the foundation.
 Check and get the soil strata approved from the structural Consultant
before doing of PCC in foundation.
 Do not pour concrete in the pit from a height of more than

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PCC work for Footing under progress

PCC work for Footing

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Day 14: Marking of Footing, bar bending work

 I checked the reinforcement for footing as per the approved drawing

given
 The size of footing was 1.5x1.5m,
 Diameter of bar were 10,12mm at a spacing of 125mm C/C.
 I checked the accuracy of the spacing & clear cover of the footing with
respect to the drawing.

Marking of Footing

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Marking of Footing

Day 15: Footing Concrete Work

 I inspected the shuttering and reinforcement, clear cover before concreting.

 Diameter of bar were 12,16mm at a spacing of 150mm C/C.

 M25 grade 1:1:2 concrete used

 Needle vibrator is used for compaction

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Mixing of concrete

Footing Concrete Work

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Day 16 : Column Shuttering & Column Concrete Work

 The vertically is checked by plumb bob firstly I found that the column is
not properly vertical later I corrected.

 I inspected the shuttering and reinforcement, clear cover before concreting.

 M25 grade 1:1:2 concrete used

 Needle vibrator is used for compaction

 The size of column 0.23x0.45m and Height of column is 2.6m.

Column Shuttering & Column Concrete Work

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Column Shuttering & Column Concrete Work

Day 18 : Basement work under progress

Basement work under progress

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Day 19 : Study of Drawing

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Day 20 & 21 : Construction of Brick Wall Work

 The bricks were soak in water before constructing.

 The ratio of mortar used is 1:6(1 part cement 6 parts sand),were the
thickness is varied from 150mm to 230mm.

 Flemish bond and English bond were used for the construction.

 The total length of the wall is 3m.

 The vertically is checked by plumb bob

Construction of Brick Wall Work

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Construction of Brick Wall Work

Day 22 : Reinforcement &Column Starter work

 Starter is generally a casting of concrete material with equivalent width

and length of column section and comparatively smaller height of
around 10 cm.

 It is cast in such a manner that equal cover is left encircling the

reinforcement bars of column and then shuttering of column is provided.

 The main purpose of starter is to fine-tune the form work of a column

vertically to maintain sufficient gap among column reinforcement and
shuttering.

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Column Starter work

Reinforcement of column is checked as per structural drawing

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Reinforcement of column is checked as per structural drawing

Day 23 : Shuttering work

 Column shuttering refers to the temporary mold used to contain wet

concrete as it sets and hardens into the desired shape. The support
system ensures that the mold remains in place and the weight of the wet
concrete doesn't cause it to collapse.

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Shuttering work

Shuttering work

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Day 25 : Column Concrete Work

 The vertically is checked by using plumb bob

 I inspected the shuttering and reinforcement, clear cover before concreting.

 M25 grade 1:1:2 concrete used

 Needle vibrator is used for compaction

 Lapping length of the column checked before laying of concrete (50d)

Column Concrete Work

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Day 26 : Quantity of Brick for parapet wall

No’ Breadt quantit
SL.No Item s Length h Depth y Unit
Brick Work
Parapet Short wall 2 9.7 0.1 0.9 1.746
Parapet Long wall 2 13.74 0.1 0.9 2.4732
Total 4.2192 sqm

Quantity of Brick for parapet wall

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Day 27 : Construction parapet Wall

 A parapet wall is a low or dwarf wall built along the edge of the roof,
terrace, walkway, balcony etc

 The vertically is checked by plumb bob

 The bricks were soak in water before constructing

Day 28 : Electrical Work of Building

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 Electrical work marked as per drawing (tube light ,bulb, Fan , AC point,
TV unit point , Washing machine point, geezer and fridge point )

Electrical Work of Building

Day 29 : Plumbing Work

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Plumbing work marked as per drawing (tap, shaver, sink, hand wash, bathing
tub ect.

Plumbing Work

Day 30 : Site Mark out for Excavation

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 Mark out of the building was done by using with reference As neighbor
building & other check points

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 Mark out of Excavation, Footing, Column position Was Done by using

Tape, Right angle Arrows, pegs,& Chook powder

Site Mark out for Excavation

Site Mark out for Excavation

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Day 31 : Quantity Calculation for Flooring ,Plastering & Slab

No’ Lengt Breadt quanti
SL.No Item Depth Unit
s h h ty
Flooring
Hall 18 7.45 134.1 sqm
Plastering
Hall 2 18 3 108
2 7.45 3 44.7
Total 152.7 sqm
Plastering External
Hall 2 18.46 3 110.76
2 7.45 3 44.7
Total 155.46 sqm
Internal + External 308.16 sqm
Deduction
windows -10 1.3 1.4 -18.2
windows -4 0.9 1.4 -5.04
shutter -1 1.82 3 -5.46
Total -28.7 sqm
Plasteri
279.46 sqm
ng

Slab 18 7.45 0.15 20.115 CUM

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Quantity Calculation for Flooring ,Plastering & Slab

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CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION

The internship is a bridge between the theoretical knowledge and the practical
or the reality work at the field of construction or civil engineering work, we
all who take the internship class go the companies that already working either
as a consultant or a contractor. This program played an important role to
break the conventional thought that field works can be only implemented by
students who hold a degree or people who have an experience in building
construction. As an undergraduate, this training program was an excellent
opportunity for me to get to the ground level and experience the things that I
would have never gained through going straight into a job. Internship was
very great opportunity I got to apply the theories that I learnt with the real
industry for real situations. Having exposed to situations I was able to obtain
lot of experiences which will be definitely helpful to attain success in my
future career as an engineer. Finally, I can say with a great pleasure that 30
days of internship was a helpful period of time for me to excel my skills. The
experience I gained through this training program will be a strong foundation
to my career.

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