Paramount

1111
Signals & Systems

Unique Collection of Questions with

Detailed Solutions
 PREFACE

It is our pleasure, that we insist on presenting “Paramount 1111” authored for

Electrical Engineering to all of the aspirants and career seekers. The prime
objective of this book is to respond to tremendous amount of ever growing
demand for error free, flawless and succinct but conceptually empowered
solutions to all the questions.
This book serves to the best supplement for GATE 2023 (EE).
Simultaneously having its salient features the book comprises :
 Step by step solution to all questions.
 Complete analysis of questions through concept wise.
 Solutions are presented in simple and easily understandable language.
The authors do not sense any deficit in believing that this title will in many aspects, be different
from the similar titles within the search of student.
In particular, we wish to thank GATE ACADEMY expert team members for their hard work
and consistency while designing the script.
The final manuscript has been prepared with utmost care. However, going a line that, there
is always room for improvement in anything done, we would welcome and greatly appreciate the
suggestions and corrections for further improvement.

Umesh Dhande
Vice President - Academics GATE & ESE
(UNACADEMY)
 5 Signals & Systems

Questions

Q.1 Consider two continuous time signal (D) The signal x(t ) will have a null
x1 (t ) and x2 (t ) as shown in figure. value at t  12msec
If x3 (t )  x1 ( t 1) * x2 ( t  2), then the Q.3 For a signal x t   5sin5t  7cos6t  3 ,
0
value of  x (t ) dt

3 is ________. the non-zero coefficients of exponential
Fourier series are
(Rounded off to nearest integer)
(A) C6 , C5 , C0 , C5 , C6

(B) C3 , C1 , C0 , C1 , C2

(C) C2 , C1 , C0 , C1 , C2

Q.2 The Fourier transform of a real signal
(D) C4 , C2 , C0 , C2 , C4
x(t ) is shown in figure below
Q.4 Consider two signals x(t ) and y(t )
related as, y(t )  x(t )cos t . If Fourier
transform of y(t ) is given as,
Y ()  2,  2
 0, otherwise
Then the signal x(t ) is,
Which of the following statement (s) 4sin t 2sin t
(A) (B)
is/are true? [MSQ] t t
(A) The signal x(t ) will have a null 4sin t 2sin t
(C) (D)
value at t  2.5msec t t
(B) The signal x(t ) will have a null Q.5 The Fourier series coefficient of the time
value at t  8msec domain signal x(t ) is
(C) The signal x(t ) will have a null  1
n

Cn    
value at t  10msec  4
 5.2 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
The fundamental frequency of the signal  64 z 3 1
(C) X ( z )  ; ROC : z 
is 0  1 rad/sec . The signal x(t ) is 1 4 z 3
4
17 18  64 z 3 1
(A)
15  8cost
(B)
18  15cost (D) X ( z )  ; ROC : z 
1 4 z 2
4
15 8
(C) (D) Q.8 The even component of a discrete time
17  8cost 15  8cost n
Q.6 The Fourier transform of signal x(t ) 1
signal x [n] is   . If total energy of
shown in figure is given by X ( j) , then
4
signal x [n] is 3 J then the energy in
value of X ( j0) is
odd component of x [n] is _______ J.
(Rounded off to three decimal place)
Q.9 Consider two continuous time signals
given as x t   5  4sin 4 t and
y  t   2cos6 t  4sin 2 t . Another
signal z  t  is given by

(A) 80 (B) 70 z t   x t   y t  . If C k represents the

(C) 60 (D) 50 Fourier series coefficients of signal
Q.7 The z transform X ( z ) of signal z  t  , then C1 and C3 are respectively.
 1
n
(A) 4  8 j, 1 (B) 0, 4  8 j
x(n)     u(n  3) is
 4 (C) 4  8 j, 1 (D) 1, 0
 64 z 3 1 Q.10 The Nyquist sampling rate of signal
(A) X ( z )  ; ROC : z 
1 4z 4 x(t )  (1  cos300t )2 (sin 4000t )2 is
64 z 3 1 __________ kHz. (Rounded off to two
(B) X ( z )  ; ROC : z  decimal place)
1  4z 4
Q.11 Consider the continuous time signal x(t ) shown in figure below :

Value of its Laplace transform at s  2 is ______. (Rounded off to three decimal place)
Q.12 Consider a continuous time signal x  t  y t   x  2t  2  x  t  2
shown in figure. Another signal y t  is Then value of y t  at t  0.25 sec is
given in terms of x  t  as ______. (Rounded off to two decimal
place)
 ®
GATE ACADEMY Signals & Systems 5.3
If the output produced by the system is
y(t ), then which of the following
statement (s) is/are correct
(A) The slope of y(t ) in the range
1  t  1 is zero
(B) The shape of y(t ) is triangular
Q.13 Consider two continuous time right (C) The shape of y(t ) is trapezoidal
sided signals with their Laplace d
transforms. (D) The energy of y(t ) is 36 Joules
dt
2s  3
X1  s   Q.16 A signal x(t ) has the following fourier
 s  1 s  2
spectra
3s  1
X2 s 
 s  1 s  3
The ROC for  X1  s   X 2  s  is given
by Re s  P . Then the value of P is
_______. (Rounded off to nearest
integer) The Nyquist sampling rate for signal
Q.14 The Laplace transform of signal
x 2 (t ) will be _________ Hz. (Rounded
x(t )  er (t ) , where r (t ) represents the
off to nearest integer)
ramp signal of unity slope, is
Q.17 The Inverse Fourier transform of
1
(A) , Re{s}  1 d  sin 6.sin 3 
s( s  1) X ()   is
d   
1
(B) , Re{s}  1 t t 6  t  6 
s( s  1) (A) j rect    rect  
1
4  6   6 
(C) , 0  Re{s}  1
s(s  1) t  t 6  t  6 
(B)  rect    rect  
(D) Does not exist 2  6   6 
Q.15 A continuous time LTI system having
t  t 6  t  6 
impulse response h(t)  (t 1) (C)  rect    rect  
4  6   6 
(t  1) is subjected to an input x(t ) as
t t 6  t  6 
shown in figure [MSQ] (D) j rect    rect  
2  6   6 
Q.18 The z-transform of a causal signal x[n]
is given as X ( z )  cos(4 z 1 ) . The value
of signal x[n] at n  4 is _______.
(Rounded off to two decimal place)
 5.4 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
Q.19 Consider a continuous time signal x(t ) (C) Dynamic, causal and LTI
as shown in figure. If X ( s) represents (D) Definitely not an LTI
the Laplace transform of signal x(t ) Q.22 For the LTI system shown in figure,
then the value of X ( s) at s  1 is
______. (Rounded off to three decimal
place) x(t )  e 4t , h (t )  sin 2t u(t )
If output of the system is given as
y (t )  Ae4t , then the value of A is
_______. (Rounded off to one decimal
place)
Q.23 A continuous time periodic signal is
given as x (t )  sgn(sin t ) .
Trigonometric Fourier Series
Q.20 The spectrum F () of a continuous representation of x (t ) contains
time signal f (t ) is shown in figure
(A) a0 , an and bn for n  odd
below
(B) an for bn for n  odd
F ( )
(C) Only bn for n  odd
2
(D) Only an for n  odd
Q.24 A discrete time signal x[n] is given as
x[n]  { 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1,  2} . If the


4 4 discrete time Fourier transform (DTFT)
The value of integral of x[n] is X (e j ) , then the value of
 
 dt 
t 
I    f (t )e dt   f (t )e 
t 2
integral I   X (e
j
) cos2  d  is
    

is ______. (Rounded off to one decimal  

place) (A) (B)
8 4
Q.21 Two discrete time signals are defined as 
x1[n]  u [n]  u [n  4] , x2 [n]  u [n] (C) (D) 2
2
Impulse response of a particular system Q.25 A continuous time signal is defined as
is defined in terms of x1 [n] and x2 [n] y(t )  tri(t) *cos2t , where, ‘*’
as h [n]  x1[n]  x2 [n] . indicates convolution. The value of

The system represented by such impulse
response is
 y(t ) dt is


(A) Static, causal and LTI (A) 0.3 (B) 0.6

(B) Dynamic, non-causal and LTI (C) 0.7 (D) 0
 ®
GATE ACADEMY Signals & Systems 5.5
Q.26 The Laplace transform of the signal an
shown below is (B) u [ n]
n!
(C) (n  1)!a n u[n]
1
(D) a nu [n]
(n  1)!
Q.30 The transfer function of a system is
H ( z)  1  2 z 1  3z 2  2 z 3  z 4 . Then
1 1  eTs h(n) is
(A) (B)
Ts 2 2(1  eTs /2 ) (A) Symmetric & has Linear phase
Ts Ts
1 e e (B) Anti-symmetric & has Linear phase
(C)  (D)
Ts s(1  eTs )
2
Ts (1  eTs )2
(C) Symmetric and Non-linear phase
Q.27 The Z-transform of signal x [n] is given (D) Anti-symmetric and Non-linear
phase
 1 
as X ( z)  ln  .
1  az 
1 Q.31 The Fourier transform of signal x (t ) is
shown in figure. Consider a signal g (t )
Which of the following does not
represent signal x [n] , which is related with x (t ) as

an g(t )  x (t)  x(t)

(A) u [n  1]
n The value of 2 g(0) is ______ (Rounded

ak off to nearest integer).
(B) 
k 1 k
 [n  k ]

an
(C) u [n  1]
n!
a2
(D) a [n  1] 
 [n  2]  .....
2
Q.28 Consider following statements about a
continuous time signal f (t ) , Q.32 The input output relation for the system
shown is given as
1. f (t )u(t )  f (t)
4
t y(t )  x (4t  8)
2. 

f (t )(t  2)dt  4e1u(t  2) 5

df (t )
3. 2 f (t )  4 0 The inverse system, which should be
dt
Energy of f (t ) (in joules) is ______. cascaded to obtain z(t )  x(t ) is
4  t 
(Rounded off to nearest integer). (A) z(t )   8
5  4
y
a 
Q.29 If X ( z)  e z for z  0 , then x [n] is
5  t 
(B) z(t )   8
4  4
y

n
(A) n!a u [n]
 5.6 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
5  8  t  Q.36 The sum of the exponential Fourier
(C) z(t ) 
4  4 
y
series coefficients of the signal
x t   2cos  4t  300   2cos  4t  300 
(D) System is non invertible, so inverse
system does not exist.
Q.33 For the cascade combination of k is
systems shown in figure, with k   ,
(A) 3 (B) 2 3
impulse response of individual systems
 1 
k
(C) 2 (D) 2 2
is given by hk (n)   n  k    such
  2   Q.37 Consider a continuous time linear
that system having following input-output
 1  1 pair as shown below,
h1 (n)    n   , h2 (n)    n   ,
 2  2
 3
h3 (n)    n   and so on. x( t ) y( t )
 8
e j 6t e j 6t
For x(n)  nu(n), y(5)  __________.
e j 6t e j14t
(Rounded off to nearest integer).
If input x(t )  cos(6t  8) then output
y(t ) is
Q.34 The Fourier transform of signal x(t ) is (A) cos14(t  8)
(B) cos14(t  8)
shown in figure, which of the following
statement(s) is/are true for signal x(t )
(C) cos14t  8
[MSQ]
(D) cos14t  8
Q.38 A continuous time signal x(t ) is defined
in terms of step signal u(t ) and ramp
signal r (t ) as, [MSQ]
x(t)   r(t  2)  u(t 1)  r(t 1)  3u(t )
(A) x *(t )  x(t ) r(t )  2u(t 1)  3r(t 1)
(B) x *( t )  x(t ) Select the correct statement(s) about
 signal x(t ) from options given below,
28
 x(t ) dt 
2
(C)
 3 (A) x(t ) t   0.5  1
(D) x( t )  x(t ) (B) x(t ) t  2  1
3
Q.35 A Gaussian signal x(t )  e2t
2
is 0
5
convolved with itself to get a signal

(C)  x(t ) dt   2

y(t ). The value of  y (t )dt is _______. 
 (D)  x(t ) dt   2

(Rounded off to two decimal place)
 ®
GATE ACADEMY Signals & Systems 5.7
Q.39 If x(n)  {1,3,2,1} , then the inverse z -


transform of X (2z) will be

(A) (n 1)  3(n)  2(n 1) (n  2)
(B) 2(n 1)  3(n)  0.25(n 1)
(A) The average value of x(t ) is 0.5.
(n  2)
(B) The magnitude of exponential
(C) 2(n 1)  3(n) (n 1) Fourier series coefficient C n is odd
0.25(n  2) for odd values of n.
(D) (n 1)  3(n)  2(n 1) (C) The magnitude of exponential
Fourier series coefficient C n is zero
0.25(n  2)
for even values of n.
Q.40 The Impulse response of an LTI system (D) The magnitude of exponential
is given as Fourier series coefficient is even for
h n  0.8 n  0.36( 0.8)n1u n 1 even values of n.
Q.43 A signal x(n) has z-transform X ( z ) . If
The given system represents a
1
(A) Low pass filter X ( z)  , then which of the
z 1
(B) High pass filter following statement(s) is/are true about
(C) Band stop filter x(n) . [MSQ]
(D) All pass filter (A) x(n) is a finite duration sequence.
Q.41 Consider a discrete-time sequence (B) x(n) is an anticausal sequence.
n (C) x(n) is an infinite duration
15
x(n)    and its DTFT is X (e j ). sequence.
n 3
(D) x(n) is a causal sequence.
If X (e j ) is passed through a
Q.44 The DFT of signal x[n] is
 d 
differentiator  d   then output X [k ]  1, 2,3, 4 . Then DFT of signal
 
sequence y(n) of this differentiator will x2 [n] will be
be (A) 6.5, 7, 6.5, 5
(B) 6.5, 7, 6.5, 5
n n
1 5 15
(A) j  (B)  
n  3 j 3 (C) 5, 6.5, 6.5, 7
5
(C)  j n   (D)
1 5
j  (D) 7, 5, 6.5, 6.5
 3 n  3
Q.45 The time period of discrete time signal
Q.42 Which of the following statement(s)  
is/are true about the periodic signal x(t ) x  n  cos n2  cos n2 is _______.
4 6
shown below, [MSQ] (Rounded off to nearest integer)
 5.8 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
Q.46 Consider a system described by input- Q.49 A signal y(t ) is given by
output relation given as y(t)  x(t ) * g(t ) , where x(t )  cos t
 0, x(t )  0 and g(t )  sin t . If C n represents the
y(t )  
 x(t )  x(t  1), x(t )  0 complex exponential Fourier series
The system is : coefficient of n th harmonic of signal
(A) Non causal, dynamic, linear and y[n] , the value of C1 is
time invariant (A) – 2j (B) 2j
(B) Non causal, dynamic, linear and j j
(C)  (D)
time variant 2 2
(C) Causal, dynamic, non-linear and Q.50 The value of the integral
time invariant 6

(D) Non causal, dynamic, non-linear and

I  (t  4)(2t  4)  4cos t  '(t  0.5) dt
8
time invariant
is _______. (Rounded off to two
1  2  3
1  2z  3z  z4 decimal place)
Q.47 If H ( z)  is
b0  b 1z 1  b z2  2  b z3 3
Q.51 The area under the signal x(t )  4e 2t is
2

an all pass filter, then the values of ______. (Rounded off to one decimal
b3 , b2 , b1 , b0 respectively are place)
(A) 1, 2, 3, 4 (B) 4, 3, 2, 1 Q.52 The inverse Fourier transform of the
(C) 2, 3, 1, 4 (D) 0, 3, 2, 0 spectrum X ()  5 is
Q.48 The Fourier transform for the signal t t
(A) (t )        
shown in the following figure is 2  4
t t 
(B) (t )        
 3  2
 t   
(C) (t )       2t
 3.5 
(D) None of the above
Q.53 Consider a continuous time signal x(t )
given as
 
x(t )  u(t  4  4n)  u(t 12  4n)
1
(A)
j2
sin(2 )  2sin(3 )  sin(4 ) n 0 n 0

Power of signal x(t ) (in watts) is

1
(B)
2
cos(2 )  2cos(3 )  cos(4 ) ________. (Rounded off to nearest
integer)
2 Q.54 The Laplace transform of x(t ) is given
(C)
j2
sin(2 )  2sin(3 )  sin(4 ) as
A  s  a  cos   B sin 
2
cos(2 )  2cos(3 )  cos(4 ) X s 
(D)
2  s  a 2  b 2
 ®
GATE ACADEMY Signals & Systems 5.9

Initial value of x(t ) at A  4, B  3

and   300 is _________. (Rounded off
to three decimal place)
Q.55 The DTFS coefficients of a signal x[n] are shown in figure below,

The value of x[0] is ________. (Rounded off to nearest integer)

Q.56 A continuous time signal x (t ) has the unity and frequency of occurrence of
Fourier transform as shown in figure. impulses is 0.25 Hz. If Y ( s) represents
 the Laplace transform of output y (t ) ,
Value of signal x (t ) at t  sec is
4 then the value of Y ( s) at s = 1 is
_______. (Rounded off to two decimal ________. (Rounded off to two decimal
place) place)
Q.59 Consider a continuous time signal
x(t )  Sa (4t )u (4t )
If X ( s) represents the Laplace
transform of x(t ) then value of X ( s) at
s  4 is

Q.57 The Z-transform of signal (A)  (B)
8
x [n]  n(n 1)a n2u [n] is  
(C) (D)
2z az 4 16
(A) (B)
( z  a )3 ( z  a )3 Q.60 Consider a continuous time signal
2a2 z 2az mathematically expressed as
(C) (D)   t  4
( z  a )3 ( z  a )3  0;
 4; 4  t  2
Q.58 Consider the LTI system with impulse 
response h (t ) shown in figure.  2t; 2  t  0

x(t )   2t; 0t 2
 4; 2t 4

Input x (t ) to the system is causal 2t  12; 4t 6
 0; 6t 
impulse train with area of each impulse 
 5.10 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
If x1 (t )  x (2  t ), then the value of 8 2
(B) (t )  et u (t )  e2t u(t )
x1 (t ) at t  1 sec is ______. (Rounded 3 3
8 2
off to nearest integer) (C) (t )  et u (t )  e2t u(t )
Q.61 The Z-transform of signal x [n] is given 3 3
by 8 2
(D) (t )  et u (t )  e2t u(t )
1 3 3
X ( z)  , z 1
( Z  1)3 Q.65 The impulse response of a discrete time
The value of signal x [n] at n  5 is LTI system is given by
n
_______. (Rounded off to nearest 1
h [n]    u (n  2)
integer) 4
Q.62 Consider a continuous time periodic If the difference equation describing the
signal system is
x(t )  8cos(4t  500 )  10sin(4t  200 ). h[n]  ph[n 1]  0.0625[n  2] ,
The power of x (t ) is then the value of p is _______.
(A) 82 W (B) 42 W (Rounded upto two decimal places)
(C) 122 W (D) 164 W
Q.66 A signal x(t ) is applied as input to a
Q.63 Consider signal x(t ) with Laplace
linear time invariant system to get an
transform X ( s) , where x(t ) is 
1
x(t )  sinc(t)u(t) output y(t ) . If  e st x(t )dt  and
s
2 
If the value of X ( s) at s  3 is ,
k impulse response h(t )  e2t u(t ) then
then the value of k is _______. the steady state value of y(t ) is ______.
(Rounded off to nearest integer) (Rounded off to 1 decimal place)
Q.64 The transfer function of a continuous Q.67 If the z-transform of x(n) is
time LTI system is given as
z
s 2  3s  4 , then DTFT of x(n) at
H ( s)  2 ( z  2)( z  3)
s s2
If the Fourier transform of impulse    is
1 1
response h(t ) exists, then the impulse (A) (B) 
response h(t ) is 6 6
1 1
8 2
(A) (t )  et u(t )  e2t u(t ) (C)  (D) 
3 3 12 4
Q.68 The frequency spectrum of a signal x(t) is shown in the figure below,
 ®
GATE ACADEMY Signals & Systems 5.11

If the signal is sampled with a sampling period Ts  sec, the spectrum of sampled signal is
2
(A)

(B)

(C)

(D) None of these

Q.69 A continuous time sinc and Gaussian x2[n]  3, b, 1, 2 , X 3[k ]  X1 (k ) X 2 (k )
signals are given as,
If x3 (0)  52 and x3 (2)  46 then the
x(t)  40sinc( 4t 12) and
t 2 value of (a  b)2  (a  b)2 is ______.

y(t )  e . If the area under both
k
(Rounded off to nearest integer)
functions x(t ) and y(t ) are equal, then Q.72 The discrete time system represented by
the value of ' k ' is ______. (Rounded off input-output relation
to nearest integer) n3
 
t  y  n   sin  k   x  k  is
2 
 e
j 2 ft
Q.70 If I (t )  df d  , then I(3) is k 0

  (A) Non-linear, Time variant, non-

______. (Rounded off to nearest integer) causal and stable
Q.71 Consider 3 discrete time sequences (B) Linear, Time invariant, causal and
x1[n], x2 [n] and x3[n] with their unstable
discrete Fourier transforms (C) Linear, Time variant, non-causal and
X1 (k ), X 2 (k ) and X 3 (k ) respectively, stable
(D) Linear, Time variant, non-causal and
with x1[n]  2, 3, a, 7 ,
unstable
 5.12 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
Q.73 The 4 point DFT of a sequence n
If x1[n]  x   , x1[n] 
12-point
 X1 (k )
n 3 DFT
x(n)  cos is x(k ) . The correct
4 then the value of X1 (0)  X1 (6) is
options (s) is/are [MSQ]
3 ________. (Rounded off to nearest
(A)  X (k )  4 integer)
k 0
3 Q.77 Output input relation for a continuous
(B)  X (k )e
k 0
jk
0 time system is given as
3
y(t )  x(1 t )  x(t  5)
 X (k ) 8
2
(C) The system is
k 0
3
(A) Linear, time variant and invertible.
(D)  X (k )  16
2
(B) Linear, time variant and non-
k 0
invertible.
Q.74 A continuous time signal x(t )  4cos2t (C) Non-linear, time variant and non-
is passed through an LTI system having invertible.
impulse response h(t )  sinc2(t 1) . If (D) Non-linear, time invariant and
y(t ) is the output of this system, then invertible.
the value of y(1) will be _____. [in Q.78
integer] System I/O relation LTI behavior
Q.75 A continuous time LTI system having 1. non-linear, time-
P. y(t )  3x(t )  5
impulse response variant
h(t)  (t 1) (t 1) 2. linear, time-
Q. y(t )  t 2 x(t 3 )
is subjected to an input x(t ) as shown in variant
figure. 3. Non-linear,
R. y(t )   x()d 
t

x(t )  time-invariant
4. Linear, time-
S. y(t )  tx 2 ()
invariant
6
(A) P-3, Q-2, R-4, S-l
(B) P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-l
t (C) P-l, Q-3, R-l, S-4
–2 2
If output produced by the system is (D) P-l, Q-2, R-4, S-3
dy (t ) Q.79 The step response of a discrete time LTI
y(t ), then values of and
system is given as
dt t  0.8
n
 y(1.4)  y( 2.4) are respectively y  n   a j , a  1
j 0
(A) 3, 0 (B) 0, 3
Impulse response of the system is
(C) – 3, 3 (D) 3, 3
Q.76 Consider a 4 point sequence x[n] given (A) an u  n  (B) nan u  n 
as, x[n]  {4, 5, 6, 7} . (C) an1 u  n  (D) nan u  n  1
 ®
GATE ACADEMY Signals & Systems 5.13
Q.80 Consider the signal (A) sin3t sinh5t (B) cos3t cosh5t
x(t )  (cos t  cos 2t) . If the amplitude
2 (C) cosh3t cos5t (D) sin5t sinh5t
of second highest frequency of this Q.82 Two signals x(t ) and y(t ) are defined
signal is H and if the average value of as
this signal is A, then the value of H+A is x(t )  2 u(t )  u t  2
(A) 1 (B) 2 and y(t )  3 u(t  3)  u t  5
(C) 0 (D) 3
If z(t )  x(t )* y(t ) then the area of
Q.81 The real conjugate symmetric portion of
z(t)  ______. (Rounded upto one
a signal x(t )  e(35 j ) is
decimal place)
Q.83 Consider two signals x(t ) and g (t ) as shown in below figure having Fourier transforms X ()
and G() respectively.

  Q
If G()  Pe jQ X    , then the value of P   ______.
 r r


Q.84 A discrete-time signal x(n) is obtained y(t )dt is ______. (Rounded off to
1
by sampling an analog signal at 10 kHz.
one decimal place)
The signal x(n) is filtered by a system
with impulse response
h n  0.5n  n 1
The 3 dB cut-off frequency of the filter
is
(A) 1.25 kHz (B) 2.50 kHz
Q.87 The pole zero location of X ( s) is shown
(C) 4.00 kHz (D) 5.00 kHz
1
3  in figure with X (0)  

Q.85 A signal x(t )  10cos  50t   is 6
 4 
sampled at rate of 100 Hz. Fundamental
period of sampled sequence is________.
(Rounded off to nearest integer)
Q.86 Consider a continuous time signal x(t )
d2
as shown in figure and y(t )  x t 
dt 2
Consider the value of A  3 , the value of
 5.14 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
If inverse Laplace transform of X ( s) is (A) The time period of the signal x(t) is
x(t ) , then expression of x(t ) (consider 4 millisecond.
x(t ) is causal) is (B) If the signal x(t ) is passed through
4 1 an ideal low pass filter having a
(A) e3t u(t )  e2t u(t ) cutoff frequency of 800 Hz, then the
5 5
4 1 output of the low pass filter will
(B) e3t u(t )  e2t u(t ) contain the fundamental and the
5 5
4 1 third harmonic components
(C)  e3t u(t )  e2t u(t ) respectively.
5 5
4 1 (C) If the signal x(t ) is passed through
(D) e3t u(t )  e2t u(t )
5 5 an ideal low pass filter having a
Q.88 If Fourier transform of a continuous cutoff frequency of 800 Hz, then the
time signal x(t ) is X () and RMS value of the signal at the output
of this ideal low pass filter will be
2, | t | 2 
x(t )    1000.
 0 Otherwise 
(D) The time period of the signal x(t ) is

 X   d   A .
2
then 4 second.


The value of A will be _____. (Rounded Q.91 Let x(t ) be a continuous time signal
off to nearest integer)
having Laplace transform
Q.89 Consider a system with input x(t ) and
s  s  5
the output y(t ) is given by X s  .
y(t )  x t   sin tx(t 1)  0.5x t  2 1 s 2  16

The system is If x(t )  5cos 4t  4sin 4t  x3 (t ) , then

(A) Non-linear
x3 (t ) will be
(B) Non-causal
(C) Time-varying (A) An impulse function
(D) All of the above
(B) A step function
Q.90 Which of the following statements is/are
true about the signal shown below, (C) A ramp function

 k 
x(t )   (1)k   t   [MSQ] (D) A sinusoidal function
k   500 
Q.92 Consider a discrete time signal shown in figure.
 ®
GATE ACADEMY Signals & Systems 5.15
Let the Fourier transform of this signal be written in rectangular form as,
X (e j )  A()  jB()
Then the time function corresponding to the transform, Y (e j )  B()  jA() is
(A) {3 j, 0, 0, 0,  j, 0, 0, 0, 2 j} (B) {2 j, 0, 0, 0,  j, 0, 0, 0, 3 j}
 

(C) { j, 0, 0, 0, 3 j, 0, 0, 0, 2 j} (D) {2 j, 0, 0, 0, 3 j, 0, 0, 0,  j}
 

Q.93 Consider the periodic signal Then x(t ) will be


6  n  4sin(t  2) 4sin(t  2)
x(t )  64   sin 2   cos(500nt ) (A) (B)
n1 n  2  t (t  2)
Which of the following statements is 4sin 2(t  2) 4sin 2(t  2)
(C) (D)
correct? [MSQ] (t  2) t
(A) Time period of x(t ) is 4 msec. Q.97 The Fourier series expansion of signal
(B) The signal x(t ) is odd signal. x(n)  sin(0.2 n) with fundamental
(C) The signal x(t ) is half wave frequency  is given by
symmetric signal. N 1
x(n)  Ck e jnk .
(D) The signal x(t ) is even signal. k 0

Q.94 The value of integral The sum of coefficients C1 and C9 is


 2   j
 sinc
I _______. (Rounded off to nearest
  e d  is _______.
2

    integer)
(Rounded off to two decimal place) Q.98 The energy of the signal
Q.95 The DTFS coefficients (Ck ) of the x(t)  4[sgn(t)  sgn(6  t)] (in joules) is
sequence ______. (Rounded off to nearest

 
integer).
x(n)  ........., 1, 2,1, 2, 1,0, 1, 2,1, 2,...... Q.99 An LTI discrete time system with input


is given by x(n) and output y(n) has the frequency

1  k   
1  4cos    response H (e j )  tan   . The
(A)  2
4  3 
difference equation which describe the
1   k   k 
(B)  cos    cos    system is
3  6   3 
(A) y(n)  y(n 1)   jx(n)  jx(n 1)
1  k   2k   (B) y(n)  y(n 1)  x(n)  x(n 1)
(C) 1  4cos    cos  
8  6   3  (C) y(n)  y(n  2)  jx(n)  x(n  2)
1  k   2k  (D) y(n)  y(n  2)  jx(n)  jx(n 1)
(D) 1  4cos    2cos  
6  6   3  Q.100 The energy of the signal x(t ) in J shown
Q.96 The Fourier transform of a signal x(t ) is below is _________. (Rounded off to
4e2 j ,  2 nearest integer)
X ()  
 0, Otherwise
5.16 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

Answers Signals & Systems

1. 2 2. B, D 3. A 4. A 5. C
6. C 7. A 8. 1.867 9. C 10. 8.6
11. 0.245 12. 5.75 13. –2 14. D 15. A, C, D
16. 800 17. C 18. 10.67 19. 0.033 20. 3.25
21. A 22. 0.1 23. C 24. D 25. D
26. C 27. C 28. 16 29. B 30. A
31. 4 32. C 33. 3 34. B, C 35. 1.57
36. B 37. C 38. A, B, D 39. C 40. D
41. B 42. A, B, C 43. B, C, D 44. B 45. 12
46. D 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. 15.56
51. 5.013 52. C 53. 8 54. 3.464 55. 3
56. 6.48 57. A 58. 0.880 59. D 60. 2
61. 6 62. C 63. 12. 64. B 65. 0.25
66. 0.5 67. C 68. B 69. 100 70. 1
71. 100 72. C 73. A, B, C 74. 2 75. B
76. 24 77. B 78. A 79. A 80. B
81. C 82. 24 83. 1.2 84. B 85. 4
86. 1.5 87. B 88. 32 89. D 90. A, B, C
91. A 92. A 93. A, D 94. 1.178 95. D
96. C 97. 0 98. 384 99. A 100. 34
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.17

Explanations Signals & Systems

1. 2 2. (B), (D)

Given : Given Fourier transform of x(t ) is as shown

below,

x1(– t)

x1 (t  1)  x1[(t  1)]  u(t  2)  u(t )

sin 250t
x(t ) 
t
x2 (t  2)  x2[(t  2)]  u(t )  u(t  2)
x(t ) will have null value if 250 t  n
x3 (t )  x1 (t 1) * x2 (t  2) n
t Where n  1,2,3......
x3 (t )  u(t  2)  u(t ) *u(t )  u(t  2) 250
1
 u(t  2)* u(t )  u(t  2) * u(t  2) If n  1 then t   4msec
250
 u(t ) * u(t )  u(t ) * u(t  2)
If n  2 then t  8msec and so on.
x3 (t )  r (t  2)  r (t )  r (t )  r (t  2)  x(t ) will have null value if t is the
 u(t  t1 ) * u(t  t2 )  r (t  t1  t2 ) multiple of 4 m sec.
Only options (B) and (D) are correct as they are
x3 (t )  r (t  2)  2r (t )  r (t  2)
multiples of 4.
x3 (t ) Hence, the correct options are (B) & (D).
0 2
x3 (t)  2  (t  0) 3. (A)
2 0 2
x3 (t)  t  2 Given : Signal is x t   5sin5t  7cos6t  3
Fundamental frequency of x  t  is,
0  H .C.F 5,6  1
x t   5sin50t  7cos60t  3
0
0 0
(t  2)2
 3
x (t ) dt   (t  2) dt 
2
2
 2 2  e j 50t  e j 50t   e j 60t  e j 60t 
x(t )  5    7 3
Hence, the correct answer is 2.  2j   2 
 5.18 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
7 5 5 Checking from the options :
x  t   e j 60t  e j 50t  3  e j 50t
2 2j 2j We have,

7
 e j 60t  3
2
 The exponential Fourier series
coefficients of x  t  are : For option (A) :

7 5
C6  , C5  , C0  3 ,
2 2j
5 7
C5  and C6  . If
2j 2
The non-zero coefficient will be,
C6 , C5 , C0 , C5 , C6
Then we get,
Hence, the correct option is (A).

4. (A)
Given : y(t )  x(t )cos t
Taking Fourier transform both sides and
applying multiplication property, So, we can see that option (A) satisfies equation
1 (ii).
Y ()   X () {(1)  ( 1)} 4sin t
2  x(t ) 
1 t
Y ()   X (1)  X ( 1) …(i) Hence, the correct option is (A).
2
5. (C)
Given : Y ()  2,  2
n
 0, otherwise  1
Given : Cn     , 0  1 rad/s
 4
1  2
For signal x(t )  ,
1   2  2 cos 0t
the Fourier series coefficient is given as  () n
From equation (i), Comparing with the given coefficient,
X (1)  X (1)  2Y () …(ii) 
1
4
1 15
1
 x(t )  16  16
1 1 (17  8cos t )
1   2  cos t
16 4 16
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.19

15 By time inversion property,

 x(t ) 
17  8cos t 1
Hence, the correct option is (C). 1
u( n) 
Z .T .
 z  ; ROC : z  1
6. (C)
1
1 1  z
z
From the definition of Fourier transform, By time shifting property,


 x(t )  e z3
 jt
X ( j)  dt u((n  3)) 
Z .T .
 ; ROC : z  1
 1 z

By time scaling property,
X ( j 0)   x(t ) dt z
 an x n 
Z .T .
X   ;
= Area under the curve of x(t ) a
(  4 z )3  64 z 3
n
 1
  4  u((n  3))   
Z .T .

  1  ( 4 z ) 1  4 z
1
ROC : z 
4
 64 z 3 1
X ( z)  ; ROC : z 
1 4z 4
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Total area under the graph of x(t ) ,
8. 1.867
A  A1  A2  A3  A4  A5 …(i)
Given : Energy of x[n]  3 J
1
A1   2  8  8 square units n
2 1
Even component of x [n] , i.e., xe [n]   
A2  2 10  20 square units 4
1 Energy of x[n]  Energy in xe [n]
A3   2  8  8 square units
2 + Energy in x0 [n] …(i)
1
A4   2  8  8 square units If x[n]  () n
2
A5  2  8  16 square units 1  2
Then its energy is given as, E 
From equation (i), 1  2
A  8  20  8  8 16  60 square units So, energy in even part of
2
1 17
Hence, the correct option is (C). 1  
x [n]   2  16 
4 17
7. (A) 15 15
1
n 1   16
 1 4
Given : x(n)     u(n  3)
 4 From equation (i),
z 17
u(n) 
Z .T .
 3   Energy in x0[n]
z 1 15
 5.20 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®


17 28
Energy in x0 [n]  3 
  1.867  y  t   e j 6  t  e j 6  t  2 j e j 2  t  2 j e  j 2  t
15 15
 b3  1, b3  1, b1  2 j, b1  2 j
Hence, the correct answer is 1.867.
9. (C) 
bk  1, 0,  2 j, 0,  2 j, 0, 1


Given : x t   5  4sin 4 t Now using equation (i),
and y t   2cos6 t  4sin 2t Ck  ak * bk

and z t   x t   y t  
F .S .
Ck
Fundamental frequency of z  t  is given as
0  HCF of 4, 6, 2  2
So, in x  t  , 5 represents the component of 0th
harmonic and 4sin 4t represent component of
2nd harmonic and in y t  , 2cos6 t represent
component of 3rd harmonic and 4sin2t
represents component of 1st harmonic. Let the
Fourier series coefficient of x  t  and y t  are
ak and bk respectively. Then coefficients of
z t   x t   y t  is given as,
Ck  ak * bk … (i)
Ck  {0, 2 j, 0, 1, 0, 4  8 j, 0, 4  8 j,


[Using multiplication property of Fourier series] 0, 1, 0,  2 j,0 }

e j 4t
e  j 4t
 So, C1  4  8 j and C3  1
x  t   5  4sin 4 t  5  4  
 2j  Hence, the correct option is (C).
4 4
x  t   5  e j 4  t  e j 4  t 10. 8.6
2j 2j
Given : x(t )  (1  cos300t )2 (sin 4000t )2
x t   5  2 j e j 4 t
2je  j 4 t

x(t )  x1 (t )  x2 (t )
Comparing with synthesis equation,
  300 
f1max  x1 (t )     2  300 Hz
x t    ak e jk0t , 0  2
k 
 2 
a0  5, a2  2 j, a2  2 j  4000 
f 2max  x2 (t )     2  4000 Hz
 2 

ak  0, 2 j, 0, 5, 0,  2 j, 0

 f max  [ f1max  f 2max ]  4300Hz  4.3kHz
Given : y  t   2cos6 t  4sin 2 t f s  Sampling frequency  2 f max
 e j 6  t  e j 6  t   e j 2  t  e j 2  t  f s  2  4.3kHz  8.6kHz
 2   4 
 2   2j  Hence, the correct answer is 8.6.
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.21

11. 0.245
Given signal x(t ) is shown below,

During the overlapping interval, decreasing slope of the function is equal to increasing slope of other
function. So the net slope is zero. Hence the function x(t ) can be redrawn as,
 x(t )  r(t )  r(t  2)
1 e2 s 1  e2 s
X ( s)   
s2 s2 s2
1  e4 0.986
 X ( s) s 2    0.2454
4 4
Hence, the correct answer is 0.245.
12. 5.75 Applying second operation, i.e. scaling
by 2.
Given : y t   x  2t  2  x  t  2
Let y1 t   x  2t  2 and y2 t   x  t  2
Given signal x  t  is shown below :

Finally taking time reversal, we get

y1 t  as shown below

(i) To find y1 t   x  2t  2

Applying operations from right to left,
first operation is shifting by +2, resultant
signal is shown below

1
During interval   t  0 , expression
2
of y1  t  is,
y1 t   4t  6
 5.22 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

 y1  t  t 0.25 sec  4   0.25  6  5 X2 s 

3s  1
 s  1 s  3
…(i)
(ii) To find y2  t   x  t  2 Let, X  s   X1  s   X 2  s 

Again applying operations from right to As X1  s  and X 2  s  are Laplace transforms of

right sided signals, so the ROC of X  s  will be
left,

the region in s-plane, right to the right most pole.

X  s   X1  s   X 2  s 
2s  3 3s  1
X  s  
 s  1 s  2  s  1 s  3
X s 
 2s  3 s  3  3s  1 s  2
 s  1 s  2 s  3
2s2  6s  3s  9  3s 2  6s  s  2
X  s 
 s 1 s  2 s  3
5s 2  16s  11
X  s 
 s  1 s  2 s  3
5s 2  5s  11s  11
X ( s) 
During interval 2  t  0 , expression  s  1 s  2 s  3
of y2  t  is  s 15s 11  5s  11
X  s 
y2 t   3t  s  1 s  2 s  3  s  2 s  3
j
 1
 y2  t   3     0.75
t 0.25 sec
 4
…(ii) RO C
Hence, y  t  t 0.25 sec  y1  t  t 0.25 sec

 y2  t  t 0.25 sec 3 2

Substituting values from equations (i) and (ii),

we get
y  t  t 0.25 sec  5  0.75  5.75
 ROC of X  s  is R e s  2
Hence, the correct answer is 5.75.
13. –2 Given ROC : Res  P

2s  3 P  2
Given : X1  s  
 s  1 s  2 Hence, the correct answer is – 2.
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.23

14. (D)

Given : x(t )  er (t )  et u (t )
1, t  0
u (t )  
0, t  0
et t  0
 x(t )  etu (t )  
1 t  0
 x(t )  et u(t )  u(t ) …(i)
x1 (t ) x2 (t )

x1 (t )  et u(t )
1
 X1 ( s )  , Re{s}  1
s 1  Slope of y(t ) in the range 1  t  1 is
x2 (t )  u(t ) zero.
1 The shape of y(t ) is trapezoidal.
 X 2 ( s) 
, Re{s}  0
s d
The plot of y(t ) can be drawn as shown
Using linearity properly, Laplace transform of dt
x(t ) from equation (i), below,
1 1
X ( s)   , ROC :[ Re{s}  1] [ Re{s}  0]
s 1 s
As there is no common area between ROC, so
ROC is not defined, hence Laplace transform
does not exist.
Hence, the correct option is (D).
d
15. (A), (C), (D)  Energy of y(t ) will be
dt
Response of L.T.I system is given by,
 1 2 3

y(t )  x(t ) * h(t ) E    3 dt   ( 3)2 dt 
  3 
y(t)  x(t ) *[(t 1) (t 1)]
1

y(t)  x(t 1)  x(t 1) E  32  2  (32 )  2  36J

Hence, the correct options are (A), (C) & (D).
x(t 1), x(t 1) and y(t ) can be plotted as
16. 800
shown below
The Fourier spectra of x 2 (t ) will have
frequency components from 800  to 800
rad/sec.
 Nyquist sampling rate will be,
s  2  800 
s  1600 
 5.24 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
1600  1  t 6  t  6 
fs   800Hz  x1 (t )   rect    rect  
2 4j   6   6 
Hence, the correct answer is 800 Hz. From equation (ii),
17. (C) x(t )   jtx1 (t )
d  sin 6.sin 3  1  t 6  t  6 
Given : X ()   … (i)   jt.  rect 
d    rect   
 4j   6   6 
sin 6sin3 t 
Let x1 (t ) 
F .T .
 X1 ()  t 6  t  6 
  x(t )   rect    rect  
4  6   6 
If x1 (t ) 
 X1()
Hence, the correct option is (C).
d
tx1 (t )  j X1 () 18. 10.67
d
d Given : X ( z )  cos(4 z 1 )
  jtx1 (t ) 
 X1 ()
d x2 x4 x6
cos x  1     ......
So, taking inverse Fourier transform in equation 2! 4! 6!
(i),  cos(4 z 1 )  X ( z)
x(t )   jtx1 (t ) …(ii)
(4 z 1 )2 (4 z 1 )4 (4 z 1 )6
 1    ......
sin 6.sin 3 sin 3  e j 6  e j 6  2! 4! 6!
X1 ()  
   2j 
 (4)2 2 (4)4 4
 X ( z)  1  z  z
1 3  sin 3  j 6  j 6 
e  e 
2! 4!
 
2 j  3   (4)6 6
 z  ......
3 6!
X1 ()   Sa(3).e j 6  Sa(3)e j 6  …(iii)
2j Taking inverse z-transform,
t    (4)2 (4)4
We have, Arect     ASa   x[n]  [n]  [n  2]  [n  4]
   2  2! 4!
1 (4)6
For A  ,   6  [n  6]  .......
6 6!
1 t  (4)2 (4)4 (4)6 
rect     Sa(3) x[n]  1, 0, ,0, , 0, , 0....
6 6  2! 4! 6! 
1 t 6 (4)4 4  4  4  4 32
 rect    Sa(3).e j 6  x[n] n4   
6  6  4! 4  3  2 1 3
1  t 6  10.67
rect    Sa(3).e j 6
6  6  Hence, the correct answer is 10.67.
 From equation (iii), taking inverse F.T. 19. 0.033
3 1 t 6 1  t  6 
x1 (t )   rect    rect   Given signal x(t ) can be expressed in terms of
2 j 6  6  6  6 
difference of delayed cosine signals as,
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.25

4 1
 X (s) s 1  e  e2  
(1)  4
2

4
X (s) s1   0.0413  0.03307
5
Hence, the correct answer is 0.03307.
20. 3.25

 
 dt 
t
Given : I    f (t )e dt   f (t )e 
t 2

   
Comparing with equation of F.T.,

F ()  

f (t )e jt dt


3


f (t )et dt  F (1) 
2

3


f (t )et dt  F (1) 
2
3 7
I    3.25
2 4
Hence, the correct answer is 3.25.
21. (A)

x(t )  4cos2(t )u(t ) Given : x1[n]  u [n]  u [n  4]

4cos2(t  2)u(t  2) … (i) x2 [n]  u [n]
4s
4cos 2t u(t ) 
 , Re{s}  0
s 4
2

4ses
4cos 2(t  ) u(t  ) 
 , Re{s}  0
s2  4
4se2 s
4cos 2(t  2) u(t  2) 
 ,
s2  4
Re{s}  0
4ses 4se2s
 X ( s)  2  , Re{s}  0
s  4 s2  4
4s
X ( s)  es  e2s 
s 4
2

4ses Signals, x1 [n], x2 [n] and their product h [n] are

X ( s)  (1  es )
s 4
2
shown in figure.
 5.26 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

23. (C)

Given : x (t )  sgn(sin t )
1 t 0
As sgn (t )  
1 t  0
 1 sin t  0
h[n] [n] Similarly, sgn (sin t )  
1 sin t  0
As,
y [n]  x[n]* h[n]  x[n]* [n]
 y[n]  x[n]

So, the system is static, causal and LTI.

Hence, the correct option is (A).
22. 0.1

Given : x(t )  e4t , h(t )  sin 2t u (t)

As, any input of the form x(t )  es0 t to a LTI Wave form for x (t )  sgn(sin t ) is shown in
system is the Eigen function, for which output figure.
of the system is given as From the waveform, it is clear that x (t ) is odd
y (t )  H (s) s s0 e s0 t
…(i) and half wave symmetric signal.
As x (t ) is odd, so area under one time period is
( H (s) s s0  Eigen value, es0t  Eigen function)
zero, hence average value a0  0 . Also, as x (t )
Here, h(t )  sin 2t u (t)
is odd, so its Fourier Series expansion will not
2 contain cosine terms, so an  0 only bn exists
H ( s)  2
s 4
and as x (t ) is half wave symmetric signal, so
x(t )  e  e 4t
s0t
only odd harmonics will exist. So bn exists only
 s0   4
for n  odd .
2 2
H (s) s s0   Hence, the correct option is (C).
(4)  4 20
2

24. (D)
2
 y(t )  e 4t Given : x[n]  { 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1,  2}
20

Comparing with given output y(t )  Ae 4t , we
 X (e
j
I ) cos2  d 
get 

2 
A   0.1 1  cos 2 
 X (e
j
20 I )  d 
  2
Hence, the correct answer is 0.1.
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.27

X (e j ) 
X (e j )cos 2 Y ()  0
I d   d
 2  2 [ sinc(any integer value)  0]
1 1 By definition of Fourier transform,
  X (e ) e d 
j j j 2
I X (e ) d  
2  4 
 y(t ) e
 jt
Y ()  dt
 
1
 
4 
X (e j ) e j 2 d  
At   0 , Y (0)   y(t ) dt

1 1 1
I  I1  I 2  I3 …(i) 
2 4 4
    y(t ) dt  Y (0)  0
 X (e  X (e
j j j 2
Where, I1  ) d  , I2  )e d 

  Hence, the correct option is (D).


26. (C)
 X (e
j
and I3  ) e j 2 d 

Given : Periodic signal x(t ) as shown in figure
Comparing I1 , I 2 and I 3 with the equation of below
inverse DTFT i.e.,
1 2
 X (e ) e d 
j jn
x[n] 
2 
I1  2x[n] at n0  2x(0)  2
I 2  2x[n] at n2  2x(2)  2
For causal repeating signal x(t ) , the Laplace
I3  2 x[n] at n 2  2x( 2)  2 transform is given as
Substituting values of I1 , I 2 and I 3 in equation X1 ( s )
X ( s)  …(i)
(i), 1  eTs
I1 I 2 I3 Where, X1 (s) is the Laplace transform of signal
I  
2 4 4 x1 (t ) as shown in figure below,
2 2 2
I     2
2 4 4
Hence, the correct option is (D).
25. (D)

Given : y(t )  tri(t) *cos2t

Applying Fourier transform, x1 (t ) can be expressed as
 1 1
Y ()  sinc2   [( 2)  ( 2)] x1 (t )  r (t )  r (t  T )  u(t  T )
 2  T T
Y ()   sinc2 (1) ( 2)   sinc2 (1)( 2) 1 e sT e sT
 X1 ( s)  2  2 
[By product property of impulse] Ts Ts s
 5.28 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

e sT
t
1
X1 ( s)  2 (1  e sT ) 
Ts s
2. 

f (t )(t  2)dt  4e1u(t  2)

From equation (i), we get f (t )(t  2)  f (2)(t  2)

X ( s) 1 e sT
 X (s)  1 Ts  2  So, L.H.S. becomes,
1 e Ts s(1  eTs ) t t

Hence, the correct option is (C). 


f (2)(t  2)dt  f (2)  (t  2)dt

27. (C) t

 1   f (2)(t  2)dt  f (2)u(t  2)

Given : X ( z)  ln  1 
  ln (1  az 1 ) 
 1  az  Given, f (2)u(t  2)  4e1u(t  2)
x 2 x3 x 4
ln (1  x)   x    ....... So, f (2)  f (t ) t 2  4e1 …(i)
2 3 4
df (t )
x 2 x3 x 4 3. 2 f (t )  4 0
 ln (1  x)  x    ....... dt
2 3 4
It is a homogeneous first order
a 2 2
X ( z )   ln (1  az 1 )  az 1  z differential equation, for which
2 characteristic equation is given as
a3 3 4D  2  0
 z  .......
3 1
D
Taking inverse Z-transform, 2
a2 a3 Solution for f (t ) follows,
x [n]  a [n  1]   [n  2]   [n  3]  ...... 1
2 3  t
f (t )  ce 2
(As given in option (D))
To find value of constant ‘c’, using result of
 a 2 a3
x [n]  0, a, , ,....... equation (i),
 2 3 1
 2

f (t ) t 2  ce 2
 4e1
ak
 x [n]   [n  k ]...... So, the value of constant c is 4.
k 1 k
Therefore, signal f (t ) is,
[As given in option (B)]
1
 t
an
x [n]  u [n  1]...... [As given in option (A)] f (t )  4e 2

n But from statement 1, f (t ) is causal and equal

So, only option (C) does not represent x [n] . to f (t )u (t ) .
Hence, the correct option is (C). 1
 t

28. 16
So, f (t )  4e 2 u(t )
1
Given : e at u(t ) 
Energy

2a
1. f (t )u(t )  f (t) 1
 t 1
According to this statement, f (t ) is e 2 u(t ) 
Energy
 1
1
causal, i.e., f (t )  0 for t  0 . 2
2
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.29
Using amplitude scaling property of energy  Key Point
signals. A filter is said to be symmetric and has linear

t phase if for some N ,
4e u(t ) 
2 Energy
 42 1  16J
h(n)  h( N 1 n)
Hence, the correct answer is 16.
31. 4
29. (B)
Given : X () is shown in figure,
a
Given : X ( z)  e  eaz
z
1
X ()  4  rect (2) …(i)

x 2 x3
As e x  1  x    .......
2! 3!
1 a 2 2 a3 3
X ( z )  eaz  1  az 1  z  z  .......
2! 3!
Taking inverse z – transform
a2
x [n]   [n]  a [n  1]   [n  2] Fourier transform of rectangular signal is given
2!
as
a3 t   
  [n  3]  ....... Arect     A Sa 
3! 
  2 
 a 2 a3  Applying duality property,
x [n]  1, a, , ,.......
 2! 3!  t   
A Sa     2 Arect  
2   
an
 x [n]  u[n]  
n!  2 Arect   …(ii)

Hence, the correct option is (B).
 
30. (A) 2 Arect    4  rect (2)

Given : Transfer function of the system is given 1
A 2, 
as, 2
H ( z)  1  2 z 1  3z 2  2 z 3  z 4 Using result of equation (ii),
Here, h(0)  1, h(1)  2, h(2)  3, t  
A Sa     2 Arect  
2 
h(3)  2, h(4)  1
1
Here, N 5 For A  2 ,  
2
 h(n)  h(4  n) t
Sa     4  rect (2)
Here, h(0)  h(4)  1, h(1)  h(3)  2 4
Hence, this filter is symmetric & has linear t
 x(t )  Sa  
phase about n = 2. 4
Hence, the correct option is (A). g(t )  x(t )  x (t )
 5.30 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
To find inverse system,
(i) Replace t in x(t ) by 
x (4t  8)  x (4 8)
(ii) Put bracket term of x equal to ‘t’ and
find value of 
8t
4  8  t   
t t 4
sin   sin  
 4   4 4
g (t )  (iii) Amplitude of system, A 
t t 5
   
4  4  Amplitude of inverse system
1 5
 
A 4
Inverse system is given as,
1
z (t )  x (t )  y ()
A
5  8  t 
z(t ) 
4  4 
 y

Hence, the correct option is (C).

33. 3
Equivalent of the cascaded system is given as

Where, h(n)  h1 (n) * h2 (n) * h3 (n) *......hk (n)

t t  1  1 
2
sin   sin   h(n)    n  1.  *  n  2    
g (0)  Lt  4   Lt  4
t 0  t  t 0  t 
 2    2  
    
4  4 1 
3

* n  3     *....upto  …(i)
g(0)  11  2   2  
 2g (0)  2  2  4 From the property of convolution,
Waveform of g (t ) is also shown in figure. (n  n1 )* (n  n2 )* (n  n3 )...
Hence, the correct answer is 4.
   n  (n1  n2  n3...)
32. (C)
From equation (i),
4
Given : y(t )  x (4t  8)  1 
 k
5 h(n)   n   k.    …(ii)
As time shifting, time scaling, time reversal,  k 1  2  
amplitude scaling or amplitude reversal do not k 2 3

1 1 1 1
effect invertibility of the system, so the system
is invertible.

k 1
k.    1.    2.    3.   ........
2 2  2  2
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.31

1 1 So from symmetry conditions of Fourier

 k
1

k 1
k.   
   1
2
2
2
 2 2
1
transform, following conclusions can be made :
(i) Time domain signal is neither even nor
1  2  4
  odd and will be complex in nature.
 x  So x( t )  x(t ) and x *(t )  x(t )
 x  2 x  3x  ....  1  x 2 ,
2 3

    Hence, options (A) & (D) are wrong.

 Provided x  1  (ii) As the transform is real, so time domain
 
signal x(t ) must be conjugate
 h(n)   n  2 symmetric, i.e., x *( t )  x(t )
Hence, option (B) is correct.
From Rayleigh energy theorem,
 y(n)  x(n)* (n  2)  x(n  2)

1 
For x(n)  nu(n),
 x(t ) dt   X () d 
2 2

2 
x(n  2)  (n  2)u(n  2)  y(n) 

y n  (n  2) u(n  2)

1 0 4 
 x(t ) dt      X () d 
2 2 2
X ( ) d
2   2 
0, n2  0
y  n  
(n  2), n2 …(i)
 y(5)  3 For  2   0 , X () is a half triangular signal
with amplitude A  2 and half width   2
0
A2  4  2 8
 X () d    
2

2 3 3 3
For 0    4 , X () is a rectangular signal
with amplitude A  2 and total width   4 .
4

 X () d   A2  4  4  16
2

0
From the graph y(5) = 3
Hence, the correct answer is 3. From equation (i),
4
1 8  1 56 28
34. (B), (C)
 x(t ) dt   16   
2

2  3  2 3 3
Given transform X () for signal x(t ) is shown 0

in figure, So, option (C) is also correct.

Hence, the correct options are (B) & (C).
35. 1.57

Given : Signal is, x(t )  e2t

2

Also, y(t )  x(t ) * x(t )

From figure it can be observed that given Taking Fourier transform on both sides, we get
transform is real but neither even nor odd. Y( f )  X ( f )X ( f )
 5.32 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

.  Bf
X ( f )  Ae   
x  t   e j 4t e j 30  e j 30  e j 4t e j 30  e j 30 
2 0 0 0 0
Here,
  2
where A  and B  A2  x t   e j 4t  2cos300  e j 4t  2cos300
2 2
   2f x  t   3e j 4t  3e j 4t
2 2

 X( f )  e
2
 Exponential Fourier series coefficient of
   2f  2 f
2 2 2 2

Y( f )   e
x  t  are C1  3 and C1  3
e
2 2
 2 2
Y ( f )  e f C1  C1  3  3  2 3
2

Hence, the correct option is (B).
 y(t )e
 j 2 ft
We know that, Y ( f )  dt

37. (C)

Y (0)   y(t )dt

For the continuous time linear system, given
input-output relation is,


 y(t )dt  Y (0)  2 e
2 02
Y (0)  x( t ) y( t )

e j 6t e j14t


Y (0)   y(t )dt  2  1.57 e j 6t e j14t
T e j 6t   e j14t


Hence, the correct answer is 1.57.

 Key Point T e j 6t   e j14t
For given input x(t )  cos(6t  8)
Any signal of the form x(t )  eat will have
2

e j (6t 8)  e j (6t 8)

the Fourier transform X ( f )  Ae Bf .
2
x(t ) 
2

Where, A  and B  A2 . e j 8 j 6t e  j 8  j 6t
a x(t )  e  e
2 2
36. (B) x1 ( t ) x2 ( t )


Given : x t   2cos 4t  300  2cos 4t  300    As the given system is linear, so output for
x(t )  x1 (t )  x2 (t ) is y(t )  y1 (t )  y2 (t )
 e j 4t 300   e j 4t 300  
x t   2   T e j 6t   e j14t
 2 
   e j8  e j 8 j14t
 e j 4t 300   e j 4t 300    T   e j 6t    e  y1 (t )
 2  2
2  


2 
 and T e j 6t   e j14t

x t   e

j 4t 300   e j4t 30   e j4t 30   e j4t 30 
0 0 0
 e j 8  j 6t  e j 8  j14t
T e   e  y2 (t )
 2  2
x t   e j 4t e j 30  e j 4t e j 30  e j 4t e j 30
0 0 0

y(t )  e j 8  e j14t  e j 8  e j14t 

1

e j 4t e j 30
0
2
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.33

e j (14t 8)  e j (14t 8) 39. (C)

y(t )   cos(14t  8)
2 Given : x(n)  {1,3,2,1}

Hence, the correct option is (C).
x(n)  (n 1)  3(n)  2(n 1) (n  2)
38. (A), (B), (D)
Taking z - transform on both sides, we get
Given :
X ( z)  z 3  2 z 1  z 2
x(t)   r(t  2)  u(t 1)  r(t 1)  3u(t)  r(t)
X (2 z)  2z 3  2(2 z)1  (2 z)2
2u(t 1)  3r(t 1)
Signal x(t ) is shown below, X (2 z)  2 z  3  z 1  0.25z 2
 Inverse z transform of X (2z) will be,
2(n 1)  3(n) (n 1)  0.25 (n  2)
Hence, the correct option is (C).
40. (D)

Given : h  n  0.8  n  0.36( 0.8)n1u n 1

By using property,
From plot of x(t ) , z 1
( a)n1 u(n  1) 
Z.T.

x(t ) t 0.5  0  ( 2)  0.5  1 1  az 1
Taking z-transform we get,
 2 0.36 z 1
x(t ) t  2  1  ( 3)    1 H ( z )  0.8 
3  3 1  0.8 z 1
So, options (A) and (B) are correct.
0.8  0.64 z 1  0.36 z 1 0.8  z 1
 H ( z)  
1  0.8 z 1 1  0.8 z 1
Total area of x(t )   x(t ) dt  A  A  A  A

1 2 3 4
Since, the numerator and denominator
1 1 coefficients of H ( z) appear in reverse order, it
A1  1 (1)  
2 2 is an all pass filter.
1 Hence, the correct option is (D).
A2  1 ( 2)  1
2 41. (B)
1 1 1
A3   1  Given :
2 3 6
1 2 2
A4    ( 2)  
2 3 3 …(i)

1 1 2 12 According to the differentiation property in
  x(t ) dt   2 1  6  3   6

 2 frequency domain,
d
0 j  X (e j ) 
DTFT
 n x(n)
1 3 d
 x(t ) dt  A  A

1 2   1  
2 2 d
 X (e j ) DTFT
 jn x(n)
Hence, the correct options are (A), (B) & (D). d
 5.34 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

15
n
43. (B), (C), (D)
 y(n)   jn   
n3 1
Given : X ( z ) 
5
n
15
n z 1
y(n)   j      1
 3 j  3 X ( z)   (1  z)1
z 1
Hence, the correct option is (B).
X ( z)  1  z  z 2  z 3  .....
42. (A), (B), (C)
Taking inverse z-transform, we get
Average value of x(t ) is, x(n)  {........., 1, 1, 1, 1}

1 2
[ x(t )]avg   x(t ) dt From the above sequence, it can be concluded
2 0 that x(n) is an infinite duration and anti-causal
1 1 1
[ x(t )]avg   1dt  (t )10  0.5 sequence.
2 0 2 z
Exponential Fourier series coefficient is, We know that, (1)n u(n)  Z

z 1
1 2  jn0t z 1  z
Cn  1e dt (1)n1 u(n  1) 
Z

20 z 1
2 (1)n1u(n 1)  
1
But 0   ,
Z

2 z 1
1 2  jnt 1 1  jnt  Inverse Z-transform of X ( z ) will also
Cn   e dt   e dt
20 20 be x(n)  (1)n1 u(n 1) , which is an
1 infinite duration and causal sequence.
1  e jnt  1  1  e jn 
Cn        Hence, the correct options are (B), (C) & (D).
2   jn 0 2  jn 
44. (B)
1  1  (1) n
Cn    Given : X (k ) N  1, 2, 3, 4
2  jn 
1
Let, x[n] 
DFT
 X (k )N
Cn  ; n odd
jn Multiplication in time domain becomes circular
 0; n even convolution in frequency domain for DFT.
1
1 1 x2[n] 
DFT
  X (k ) N * X (k ) N 
Cn   ; n odd N
jn n
 0; n even
1
C n    Cn
 n
 Magnitude of C n is odd for odd values
of n and zero for even values of n.
Hence, the correct options are (A), (B) & (C).
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.35
 Linear convolution of X ( K ) and X ( K ) 
n x2  n  cos n2
gives {1, 4, 10, 20, 25, 24, 16}. 6
To convert linear convolution to circular n0 cos0  1
convolution add the last three terms to the first n6 cos6  1
three terms.
n  12 cos24  1
 X (k )N * X (k )N   1  25,4  24,10 16,20
n  18 cos54  1
 X (k )N * X (k )N   26, 28, 26, 20 n 1  3
 26 28 26 20  cos 
x [n] 
2
 , , , 
DFT
4 2
4 4 4 4
n7 49  
 6.5, 7, 6.5, 5 cos  cos  8  
6  6
Hence, the correct option is (B).
 3
45. 12
 cos 
6 2
 
Given : x  n  cos n2  cos n2 x1 0  x1 4  x1 8 
4 6
x2 0  x2 6  x2 12 
Let x  n  x1 n  x2 n
x1 1  x1 5  x1 9 
 
Where x1 n  cos n2 and x2  n  cos n2
4 6 x2 1  x2 7  x2 13 
If x n is periodic with period N, then From above tables, we can conclude that time
x  n  N   x  n periods of x1  n and x2 n are respectively,
To find values of n for which values of N1  4 and N2  6
x1  n and x2 n are repeated:
Hence time period of x n  LCM of  N1, N2 

n x1  n  cos n2  N  LCM of  4, 6  12
4
n0 cos0  1 To check the result : If N1 is period of x1 n ,
n4 cos4  1 then
n 8 cos16  1 x1 n  N1   x1 n
n  12 cos36  1 
x1 n  4  cos  n  4 2
 1 4
n 1 cos   2  
4 2  cos
4
 n  8n  16  cos  n2  2n  4 
4 
25  
cos  cos  6      
4  4 cos 2(n  4)  n2   cos n2  x1 n
n5  4  4
 1
 cos  Similarly we can check validity of N 2 .
4 2
Hence, the correct answer is 12.
 5.36 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

46. (D) 47. (A)

 0, x(t )  0 1  2 z 1  3z  2  4 z  3
Given : y(t )   Given : H ( z ) 
 x(t )  x(t  1), x(t )  0 b0  b1 z 1  b2 z  2  b3 z  3
As present output depends on future input {due For all pass filter, if numerator is given by,
to term x(t 1) }, so the system is dynamic and a0  a1z 1  a2 z 2  a3 z 3
non-causal. Then, denominator will be
x1 (t )  0 a3  a2 z 1  a1z 2  a0 z 3
 0,
y1 (t )   Where, a0  4, a1  3, a2  2, a3  1
 x1 (t )  x1 (t  1), x1 (t )  0
By comparing the equation with denominator
 0, x2 (t )  0
y2 (t )   b0  4, b1  3, b2  2, b3  1
 x2 (t )  x2 (t  1), x2 (t )  0 Hence, the correct option is (A).
y3 (t )  y1 (t )  y2 (t ) 48. (C)
 0, x1 (t )  0 From the figure, differentiating x(t ) two times
y3 (t )  
 x1 (t )  x1 (t  1), x1 (t )  0 so that we get impulse function from the given
triangular function.
 0, x2 (t )  0
 ...(i)
 x2 (t )  x2 (t  1), x2 (t )  0
Let x3 '(t )  x1 (t )  x2 (t )
Then from the given relation
 0, x3 '(t )  0
y3 '(t )  
 x3 '(t )  x3 '(t  1), x3 '(t )  0
i.e.
 0, x1 (t )  x2 (t )  0

y3 '(t )   x1 (t )  x2 (t )  x1 (t  1)
 x (t  1), x1 (t )  x2 (t )  0
 2
....(ii)
From equation (i) and (ii),
y3 '(t )  y3 (t )
So, the system is not following the additivity
property, hence it will be non-linear.
In the given relation, there is no extra ‘t’ term
other than x(t ) and y(t ) , there is no time
scaling in x(t ) or y(t ) , so the given system is d 2 x(t )
 (t  2)  (t  2)  2(t  3)
time invariant. dt 2
Hence, the correct option is (D). 2(t  3) (t  4) (t  4)
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.37
Taking Fourier transform on both sides, we get, From equation (i),
( j)2 X ( j)  e j 2  e j 2  2e j 3  2e j 3 Cn  T0 .an .bn

e j 4  e j 4 1 1
C1  T0 .a1.b1  2  
[By differentiation property] 2 2j
1 j
2
X ( j)  2 sin(2 )  2sin(3 )  sin(4 )   C1 
j 2j 2
Hence the correct option is (C).
Hence, the correct option is (C).
50. 15.56
49. (C)
6 6

Given : y(t )  x(t ) * g(t ) and y(t ) 

Cn F .S . I   (t  4)(2t  4) dt   4cos t '(t  0.5) dt
8 8

If x(t ) 
 an I  I1  I 2 …(i)
g(t ) 
bn 6
I1   (t  4)(2t  4) dt
Then using convolution property, 8

Cn  T0 .an .bn … (i) 16

2 8
I1  (t  4)(t  2) dt
Where, T0 = LCM of T1 and T2 
For x(t )  cos t, W01    1 
(2t  4)  2(t  2)  2 (t  2) 
2
T1   2sec 1
 I1  (t  4)
2 t 2
For g(t )  sin t , W02  
b 
2   x(t ) (t  t0 ) dt  x(t ) if a  t0  b 
T2   2sec  a 
 t t0

 T0 = LCM (2,2) = 2 sec 1

I1   6  3
1 1 2
Also, x(t )  cos t  e jt  e jt 6
2 2 I 2   4cos t  '(t  0.5) dt
1 1  8
 an   ,0. 
2 2 d
I2   (4cos t )
1 dt t 0.5
 a1 
2 b dx(t ) 
1 1   x(t )  '(t  t0 ) dt   if a  t0  b 
g (t )  sin t  e jt  e jt  a dt t t0 
2j 2j

 1 1 I 2  (4 sin t ) t 0.5  4 sin
 4  12.56
 bn   ,0,  2
2 j 2 j  Substituting values of I1 and I 2 in equation (i),
 b1 
1 I  3 12.56  15.56
2j Hence, the value of integral is 15.56.
 5.38 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

51. 5.013 52. (C)

Given signal is, x(t )  4e 2t

2
Given spectrum is, X ()  5
The Fourier transform of x(t ) will be, For option (A) :

X ( f )   x(t )e  j 2 ft
dt  t   t  FT 1 1

(t )         1  7
 2 4 1/ 2 1/ 4
X (0)   x(t ) dt

For option (B) :
Area under, x(t )  X (0)
 t   t  FT 1 1
   2f
2 2
(t )         1  6
and e  2t 2
FT
e  3  2 1/ 3 1/ 2
2
For option (C) :
   2f
2 2

 2t 2
4e  4
FT
e  t    FT
2 (t )       2t 1  3.5  0.5  5
 3.5 

 Area under, x(t )  4  5.013
2 Hence, the correct option is (C).
Hence, the correct answer is 5.013.
53. 8
 
Given : x(t )   u (t  4  4n)   u(t  12  4n)
n 0 n 0
x1 ( t ) x2 ( t )

 
Let us consider x1 (t )   u(t  4  4n) and x2 (t )  u(t 12  4n)
n 0 n 0
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.39
So, upon expanding the terms,
x1 (t )  u(t  4)  u(t )  u(t  4)  u(t  8)  u(t 12)  u(t 16)......
x2 (t )  u(t 12)  u(t 16)  u(t  20)  u(t  24)  .......
x(t )  x1 (t )  x2 (t )
Power of x(t ) is,
1 T /2
T  T 
Px  lim
2
x(t ) dt
T /2

1 
4 0 4 8 T /2
Px  lim
T  T
 
 T /2
0dt  
4
1dt  
0
4dt  
4
9dt  
8
16dt 

1 T 
Px  lim  0  (1 4)  (4  4)  (9  4)  16   8 
T  T  2 
1 1
Px  lim 0  4  16  36  8T 128  lim (56 128  8T )
T  T T  T

1 1
Px  lim (56 128)  lim  8T  8 W
T  T T  T

Hence the correct answer is 8.

54. 3.464   a B sin 
 A 1   cos   
 s
Lt x  t   Lt 
s 
A  s  a  cos   B sin 
Given : X  s   t 0 s   2a a 2  b 2 
 s  a 2  b 2 1   
 s s2 
 a
As 1   cos   B sin   Lt x t   A cos 
t 0
X  s   s
s 2  2as  a2  b2 Hence, initial value of x  t  at A  4 and

  a B sin    300 is,

s  A 1   cos   
  s s 
Lt x  t 
3
X s   4cos300  4 
 3.464
 2a a 2  b 2  t 0 A4, 30 0
2
s 2 1   
 s s2  Hence, the correct answer is 3.46.
Using initial value theorem, initial value of 55. 3
x  t  is given by, Discrete time Fourier series is given by,
N 1 2 nk
Lt x  t   Lt s  X  s  x  n   ck e
j
N
, where N = time period
t 0 s 
k 0

  a B sin  N 1 6
s  A 1   cos    x 0   ck   ck  N  7
  s s 
Lt s  k 0 k 0
s   2a a 2  b 2  x 0  1  2  2  3
s 2 1   
 s s2 
Hence, the correct answer is 3.
 5.40 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

56. 6.48 x[n]  a2 n2an u [n]  nanu [n]

X () is shown in figure, z
We have u [n] 
 , z 1
z 1
z
anu [n] 
 , z a
z a
az
n  a nu [n] 
 , z a
( z  a) 2
a2 z  z 2a
X () can be represented in terms of triangular n2  a nu [n] 
 , z a
( z  a )3
signal as,
   a2 z  z 2a az 
 X ( z )  a2  
X ()  8tri  
4  ( z  a)
3
( z  a)2 
We have Fourier transform of triangular  a2 z  z 2 a  az 2  a 2 z 
function, X (z)  a2  
 ( z  a)3 
t    
Atri    ASa2   2a2 z 2z
   2  X (z)  a 2

( z  a ) ( z  a )3
3
Applying duality property,
Hence, the correct option is (A).
 t      
ASa2    2 Atri    2Atri  
2     58. 0.880
    Given : h(t )  u (t)  u (t  2)
X ()  8 tri    2Atri  
4  For input x (t ) , given that it is causal impulse
 A  4,   4 train.
Inverse signal x (t ) is given as,
 t 
x (t )  A Sa2    16Sa2 (2t )
2
2
 sin 2t 
x (t )  16  
 2t 
 
2

 sin  1 64
x (t ) t    16  2   16  2  2  6.48
  
4
 
 2  4
Hence, the correct answer is 6.48.
57. (A)
f s  0.25 Hz
n 2
Given : x [n]  n(n 1)a u [n] 1
2 Ts   4sec
x [n]  (n  n) a a u [n]
2 n
fs
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.41
Output of LTI system is given as, sin 4t
x(t )   u(t )
y(t)  h (t )* x(t) 4t
Where, x (t ) can be expressed as, 4
We have, sin 4t u(t ) 
LT
 s  16 2

x (t )    (t  KTs ) Using division by ‘t’ property

K 0
 sin(4t ) u(t ) LT  4
 y (t )  h(t )*   (t  KTs )   2  ds
t s s  16
K 0
 
 1  s 
y (t )   h(t )*  (t  KTs )   4  tan 1   
K 0  4  4  s

y (t )   h (t  KTs ) sin(4t ) s
u(t ) 
LT
tan 1 ()  tan 1  
K 0 t  4
y (t )  h(t )  h(t  Ts )  h(t  2Ts )  ..... sin(4t ) 1   s 
u(t ) 
LT
  tan 1  
…(i) 4t 4 2  4 
Impulse response h (t ) , input x(t ) and output
1 s
y (t ) are shown in figure.  X (s)  cot 1  
4  4
Applying Laplace transform in equation (i), 1 4 1
Y (s)  H (s)  e sTs H (s)  e2 sTs H (s)  .....  X (s) s 4  cot 1    cot 1 (1)
4 4 4
Y (s)  H (s)[1  e sTs  (e sTs )2  (e sTs )3  .....] 1  

  
Y (s)  H (s)  (e sTs )n
4 4 16
n 0 Hence, the correct option is (D).
1 H ( s) 60. 2
Y ( s)  H ( s)  sTs
 …(ii)
1 e 1  e4s Given :
Given : h(t )  u (t )  u(t  2)  0;   t  4
1 e 2 s
1 e 2 s  4; 4  t  2
H ( s)    
s s s  2t; 2  t  0
From equation (ii), 
x(t )   2t; 0t 2
(1  e2 s )  4; 2t 4
Y ( s)  
s(1  e4 s )
2t  12; 4t 6
1  e2 (1  e2 )  0; 6t 
Y (s) s 1   
1  e4 (1  e2 )(1  e2 )  x(t ) can be plotted as,
1
Y (s) s 1   0.880
1  e2
Hence, the correct answer is 0.880.
59. (D)
Given : x(t)  Sa (4t )  u (4t )  Sa (4t )  u (t )
[ u (at)  u (t)]
 5.42 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
Shifting left by 2, we get After time reversing the signal, we have

Hence, the correct answer is 2.

61. 6
1 1
Given : X ( z )   3
( z  1) 3
z  3z  3z  1
2

Applying long division method,

X ( z)  z 3  3z 4  6 z 5  10 z 6  15z 7  .....
Taking inverse z-transform, x[n]  {0,0,0,1,3,6,10,15,.....}
 x[5]  6
Hence, the correct answer is 6.
62. (C)
Given : x(t )  8cos(4t  500 )  10sin(4t  200 )
x(t )  8cos (4t  500 )  10cos(4t  200  900 )  8cos (4t  500 )  10cos (4t 1100 )
For signal,
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.43

Here, x(t )  8cos(4t  500 )  10cos(4t 1100 )

1  2  4 , 1  500 , 2  1100 , A  8 and B  10 .
A2 B 2
 Power of x(t ) is, Px    AB cos (1  2 )
2 2
(8)2 (10)2 1
Px    8 10  cos{50  1100 }  32  50  80   122 W.
2 2 2
Hence, the correct option is (C).
63. 12  s
 X (s)  cot 1  
 
Given : x(t )  sinc(t) u(t)
 3  1 
To find a standard result for such signals, taking X ( s) s   cot 1    cot 3 
  
3
example of sampling function 6
sin t 2
Let, x '(t )  Sa(t )u(t )  u(t ) Given : X (s) s  3

t k
1 2 
sin t.u(t ) 
LT

s 1
2
k 6
Using division by ‘t’ property , i.e. Hence, the correct answer is 12.
x(t ) LT  64. (B)
  X (s)ds
t s s 2  3s  4 s 2  3s  4
Given : H (s)  
sin t 
1 s 2  s  2 (s  1)(s  2)
u(t )  
LT
ds
t s s 2
 1 Converting transfer function to proper function
tan1 (s)s
Sa(t )u(t ) 

So,   tan 1 s  cot 1 s
Sa(t )u(t ) 
2
Replacing t by kt and applying time scaling
2s  6
property of Laplace transform H ( s)  1 
s s2 2

1 s
x '(kt )  Sa(kt )u(kt ) 
 cot 1   …(i) Taking partial fraction, we get
k k
2s  6 A B
H ( s)  1   1 
sin t (s  1)(s  2) s 1 s  2
sinc(t )   Sa(t )
t
2s  6 8
1 s A 
  cot 1  
Sa(t )u (t )  s  2 s 1 3
  
2s  6 2
Given, x(t )  sinc(t)u(t)  Sa (t)u(t) B 
s 1 s2 3
1 s 8 1  2 1 
   cot 1  
 Sa (t )u(t )  H ( s)  1      …(i)
   3  s 1  3  s  2 
 5.44 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
Given that Fourier transform of impulse 1
u [n] 
Z .T .

response h(t ) exist, so the impulse response 1  z 1
will be bounded and the system is stable. Hence z 2
u [n  2] 
Z .T .

ROC of H ( s) must include the j axis. 1  z 1
So, the ROC for the system can be plotted as If x [n]   z n0 X ( z) ,
 X ( z ) , x[n  n0 ] 
 z
( z0 )n x [n] 
X  
 z0 
2
 z 
n  1/ 4 
1  
4 u [ n  2]  1
   z 
1  
 1/ 4 
1 2
z
(4 z)2 16
 H ( z)  
1  (4 z)1 1  1 z 1
To include j axis, we will have to take right 4
 1  0.0625 z 2
sided inverse of factor   and left sided H ( z)  …(i)
s2 1  0.25 z 1
 1  Difference equation is given as,
inverse of factor  .
 s 1  h[n]  ph[n 1]  0.0625[n  2]
Using results, we have Taking z-transform both sides,
1 H ( z)  P z 1H ( z )  0.0625 z 2
eat u(t ) 

sa
H ( z )[1  P z 1 ]  0.0625 z 2
1
eat u(t )   0.0625 z 2
sa H ( z)  …(ii)
8 1  2 1  1  P z 1
H ( s)  1     
3  s 1  3  s  2  Comparing equations (i) and (ii), we get
8 P  0.25
 h(t )  (t )  (1) e( 1)t u(t ) Hence, the correct answer is 0.25.
3
2 66. 0.5
 e2t u (t )
3 
1
e
 st
8 2 Given : x(t )dt 
 h(t )  (t )  et u(t )  e2t u(t )  s
3 3
1
Hence, the correct option is (B). L{x(t )} 
s
65. 0.25
1
n
X ( s) 
1 s
Given : h [n]    u (n  2)
4 Also, impulse response h(t )  e2t u(t )
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.45

1 69. 100
Transfer function, H (s)  L{h(t )} 
s2
Given : x(t )  40sinc( 4t 12)
 Y (s)  X (s)H (s)
t 2

Y ( s) 
1 1 y(t )  e k

s s2 Area [ x(t)]  Area [ y(t )]

 Steady state value of y(t ) will be,
Standard result,
1 1
y()  lim s    0.5 Function Area Energy
s 0 s s2
sin t 1 1
Hence, the correct answer is 0.5. sinc(t ) 
t
67. (C)
et 1
2
1
z
Given : X ( z )  2
( z  2)( z  3)
Effect of operation on area, energy and power,
For DTFT, put z  e j  e j  1 Property Signal Area Energy Power
1 1 Original
At z  1 ,  x(t ) A E P
(1  2)(1  3) 12 signal
Hence, the correct option is (C). Time shift x(t  t0 ) A E P
 Key Point Time A E
DTFT is basically calculating Z-transform on x(t ) P
scaling  
unity circle z  r e j , where r = 1 [Unity Time
x( t ) A E P
circle] reversal
Amplitude
68. (B) k x(t ) kA k2E k2P
scaling
 x(t)  40sin c( 4t 12)
Given : Ts  sec
2
Taking effect of operations applied from right to
2 2
s  , s   2  4rad/sec left on area of sinc(t ) ,
Ts 
sinc(t ) 
Area
1
1 2
and f s   Hz
Ts  sinc(t  12) 
Time shift
No effect
1
Expression of sampled signal is, 1

sinc(4t  12) 
Time scaling

Division by α

X s ()  f s  X ( n )
n
s
4
1
sinc( 4t  12)  
Time reversal
No effect

Amplitude of sampled signal is, 4
2 4 1
2 fs  2   …(i) 40sinc( 4t  12) 
Amplitude scaling
 40
  Multiplication by k
4
Guard band  s  2m  4  2  2  0 …(ii) So, area [ x(t)]  10 square units.
Only option (B) satisfies the condition (i) & (ii). 
t2

Hence, the correct option is (B). y(t )  e k

 5.46 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

Rearranging y(t ) to be compared with et ,

2
71. 100

Given : x1[n]  {2, 3, a, 7}   X1 (k )

2
t2  t  DFT
  
y(t )  e k
 e  k

x2[n]  {3, b, 1, 2} 

DFT
 X 2 (k )
Taking effect of operations on area of standard
Gaussian function, x3[n] 
DFT
 X3 (k )
et 
2
Area
1 As X 3 [k ]  X 1 (k ) X 2 (k ) ,
 t 

2
t So, from circular convolution property of DFT,
 1 t
e  k
 k
 k x3[n]  x1[n]  x2 [n]
 1
Time scaling

  Using matrix method to calculate circular
 k 
2
convolution,
 t 

e  k

 
Amplitude scaling
 k  x3 (0)   2 7 a 3   3
 x (1)   3 2 7 a  b 
So, area [ y(t )]   k  3 
 x3 (2)  a 3 2 7  1 
From equation (i),     
 x3 (3)  7 a 3 2   2
 k  10
x3 (0)  6  7b  a  6  12  7b  a
k  10 ( k  100 ) x3 (1)  9  2b  7  2a  16  2a  2b
So, to have equal area in x(t ) and y(t ) , the
x3 (2)  3a  3b  2  14  16  3a  3b
value of ' k ' is 100.
x3 (3)  21  ab  3  4  28  ab
Hence, the correct answer is 100.
Given : x3 (0)  52
70. 1
t 
12  7b  a  52
a  7b  40
 e …(i)
j 2 ft
Given : I (t )  df d 
  and x3 (2)  46
We know that, (t ) 
1 F .T .
16  3a  3b  46
Inverse Fourier transform for any signal is given a  b  10 …(ii)
by, Solving equation (i) and (ii),
 a  5 and b  5
 X ( f )e
j 2 ft
df  x(t ) The required value,

(a  b)2  (a  b)2  4ab  4  5  5  100


 1 e
j 2 ft
Hence, (t )  df Hence, the value of (a  b)2  (a  b)2 is 100.

72. (C)
[ X ( f )  1 for x(t )  (t ) ]
t
(i) System is linear as summation and
I (t ) 

 ()  d   u(t ) integration are linear processes.
( n n0 )3
 
 I (3)  u(t ) t 3  1
(ii) y  n  n0   
k 0
sin  k   x  k 
2 
Hence, the correct answer is 1. [Delayed response]
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.47

 
n3  1 
Γ  x(n  n0 )   sin  k   x  k  n0  x(1)  cos  , x(2)  cos  0
k 0 2  4 2 2
[Response of the system for delayed input] 3 1
and x(3)  cos 
As y n  n0   Γx(n  n0 ) 4 2
Hence, system is time variant.  1 1 
 x(n)  1, ,0, 
[If limits are function of n, then system  2 2
will always be time variant]. We know that,
(iii) As the upper limit n 3 is greater than n, N 1
1 N 1 1 3
 x(n)    
2 2 2
hence present output will depend on X ( k ) X (k )
n 0 N k 0 4 k 0
future inputs. So, the system in non-
3 3

 X (k )  4 x(n)
2 2
causal.
  k 0 n 0
(iv) As 1  sin  k   1 , So, for a
2  3  2  1 2 2  1 2 
 X (k )  4 1    0 
2
 
bounded x n , output y  n will also be k 0   2  2  
bounded. 3
 1 1
 X (k )  4 1   0    8
2
Therefore system is stable.
k 0  2 2
Hence, the correct option is (C).
So, option (B) is correct.
73. (A), (B), (C)
Hence, the correct options are (A), (B) & (C).
n
Given : x(n)  cos 74. 2
4
1 N 1 j 2 kn Given : x t   4cos 2t
We know that, x(n)   X ( k )e N
N k 0 The Fourier transform of x  t  will be,
3 jkn
1
x(n)   X (k )e
4 k 0
2
( N  4) X    4    2    2

3 jkn X   can be plotted as shown below,

 X (k )e
k 0
2
 4 x(n)

Put n  0 on both sides, we get

3

 X (k )  4 x(0)  4cos0  4
k 0

So, option (A) is correct.

Now put n  2 on both sides, we get
3
 Given impulse response h  t   sinc 2  t 1
 X (k )e jk  4 x(2)  4cos  0
k 0 2 sin 2  t  1
h t  
So, option (B) is correct. 2  t  1
n
As x(n)  cos 0.5sin 2  t 1
4 h t  
x(0)  1   t 1
 5.48 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

On plotting the Fourier transform of h  t  , we y(t ) is shown in figure.

get

If Y   is the Fourier transform of output

signal y t  then,

Y    X    H  

 Y   can be plotted as shown below,

We can see that slope of y(t ) is zero for

1  t  1.
dy(t )
Hence, 0
dt t  0.8
Y    2e j    2    2

Y    2e j    2    2

Taking inverse Fourier transform on both sides,

we get

y t   2cos 2 t 1

y 1  2cos  0  2
Let y(t ) t 1.4  y(1.4)  x
Hence, the correct answer is 2.
and y(t ) t  2.4  y( 2.4)  y
75. (B)
Response of LTI system is given by, x  6  (3 0.4)  6 1.2  4.8
y(t )  x(t )  h(t ) y  0  (3 0.6)  1.8
y(t )  x(t ) (t  1)  (t 1)  y(1.4)  y( 2.4)  4.8 1.8  3
y(t)  x(t 1)  x(t 1) Hence, the correct option is (B).
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.49

76. 24

Given : x[n]  {4, 5, 6, 7}

n
x1[n]  x    {4, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 6, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0}
3
From the definition of N-point DFT,
If x1[n] 
N-Point
DFT
 X1 (k )
N 1 j 2 kn N 1

X1 (k )   x1[n]e N
 X1 (0)   x1[n]e0
n 0 n 0
N 1
 X1 (0)   x1[n]  x1 (0)  x1 (1)  ....  x1 (11) (As N  12 ) …(i)
n 0
j 2 N
 N  N 1   n  N  N 1
X1     x1[n]e N 2
 X1     x1[n]e jn
 2  n 0  2  n 0
 N  N 1
X1     (1)n x1[n]
 2  n 0
N 1
For N  12 , X1 (6)   (1)n x1[n]  x1 (0)  x1 (1)  x1 (2)  x1 (3)......  x1 (11) …(ii)
n 0

From equation (i),

X1 (0)  4  0  0  5  0  0  6  0  0  7  0  0  22
From equation (ii),
X1 (6)  4  0  0  5  0  0  6  0  0  7  0  0   2
 X1 (0)  X1 (6)  22  ( 2)  24
Hence, the required value is 24.
77. (B)

Given : y(t )  x(1 t )  x(t  5)

As time shifting or time reversal on input do not vanishe linearity, so both parts of R.H.S. holds linearity
and hence the system is linear.
The time reversal can be treated as special case of time scaling with scaling factor   1 and time
scaling makes the system time variant.
Let x(t )  5 (constant) then x(1 t )  5 and x(t  5)  5 .
 5.50 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
Time shifting, time reversal and time scaling do not have any effect on constant.
 y(t )  5  5  0
Similarly, for x(t )  10, x(1 t)  10 and x(t  5)  10 .
y(t)  10 10  0
As output is same for two different inputs, so the system is non invertible.
Hence, the correct option is (B).
78. (A) Similarly, y(t  )  t   x2 t  
(P) : y(t)  3x(t )  5 is non-linear and Time- y1 (t )  y t   then system is time variant.
invariant. In any I/O relation if a (S – 1)
constant is present the system is non- Hence, the correct option is (A).
linear.
79. (A)
The DC value doesn’t effect the time-
invariant behavior. Given : For input x  n  u  n , step response
(P – 3) n
1  a n1
(Q) : y(t )  t 2 x(t 3 ) is linear and time variant y  n   a j  , n0
j 0 1 a
y1 (t )  y2 (t )  t x1 (t )  t x2 (t )  t  x t 3 
2 3 2 3 2
1 a n1
y  n   , n0
If x t   x1 (t )  x2 (t ) . Thus the system 1 a 1 a
1 a n1
is linear. Consider, y  n  u  n  u  n
x1 (t )  x(t  )  x1 (t 3 )  x(t 3  ) 1 a 1 a
1 a
y1 (t )  t 2 x1 (t 3 )  t 2 x(t 3  ) y  n  u  n   a n u  n
1 a 1 a
Similarly, y  t     t   x t  
2
 3
 Taking z-transform both sides ,
1 1 a 1
y1 (t )  y t   the system is time Y  z   1
 
1 a 1 z 1  a 1  az 1
variant. … (i)
(Q – 2)
Y  z  X  z H  z
(R) : Integration relation between input and
output with limits  ,t  is linear and Where, x  n  u  n .
1
X  z 
time invariant.
So,
(R – 4) 1  z 1
y(t )  tx2 (t ) is non-linear & time- Y  z Y  z
 1  z 1  Y  z 
(S) :
 H  z  
variant. X  z 1
If x t   x1 (t )  x2 (t ) 1  z 1 
y1 (t )  y2 (t )  tx12 (t )  tx22 (t )  t [x12 (t )  x22 (t )]2 From equation (i),
a 1  z 1 
H  z   1  z  Y ( z ) 
Thus the system is non-linear, 1 1

If x1 t   x(t  ) then y1 (t )  tx12 (t )  tx2 (t  ) 1  a 1  a  1  az 1 
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.51

1  az 1  a  az 1 80. (B)
H  z 
1  a  1  az 1  Given : x(t )  (cos t  cos 2t)2

1  a  x(t )  cos2 t  cos2 2t+2cos t cos 2t

H  z 
1  a  1  az 1  x(t ) 
1  cos 2t 1  cos 4t
 cos3t+cos t
2 2
1
H  z 
1 1 1 1
x (t )   cos 2t   cos 4t  cos3 t  cos t
1  az 1 2 2 2 2
Now, to find impulse response, taking inverse z-  Amplitude of second highest frequency
transform of transfer function. is H  1 .
1 1
h  n  a n u  n  and average value, A    1
2 2
 H  A  11  2
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Hence, the correct option is (B).
81. (C)
x  t   x *  t 
Conjugate symmetric portion of x  t  
2
e(35 j )t  e(35 j )*t
e (cos5t  j sin 5t )  e3t (cos5t  j sin 5t )
3t
 xCS (t )  
2 2
e  e3t
3t
Re  xcs (t )  cos5t  cosh 3t cos5t
2
Hence, the correct option is (C).
82. 24

Area of z(t )  Area of x(t )Area of y(t )  4  6  24

83. 1.2
Given signals x(t ) and g (t ) are shown below,
 5.52 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
From the given representation, the relation between signals x(t ) and g (t ) is,
2
g (t )  x( 2t  4)
5
x(t ) 
 X ()
 e j 4 X ()
x(t  4) 
1  
 e j 2 X  
x(2t  4) 
2 2
2 1  
 e j 2 X   
x( 2t  4) 
5 5  2
 
G()  Pe jQ X   
 r
Q 1 2
P    1.2
r 5 2
Hence, the correct answer is 1.2.
84. (B)

Given : Sampling frequency, f x  10kHz

and discrete impulse response,
h(n)  0.5(n)  (n 1)
Taking discrete time Fourier transform,
H  e j   0.5  0.5e jw

H  e j   0.5  0.5cos  j sin  

H e j3 dB   1
2

H  e j  
1
2
1 cos  j sin  cos
3dB

1
2 2
H  e j    1  cos    sin  
1 2 2

2   3dB 

2 4
H  e j   
1
 2  2cos  
2 
3dB 
1  cos   2
H  e j    cos
2 2 fana log  3dBFrequency  fdiscrete  fs
3 dB cut-off frequency is defined as the
1 
frequency at which the magnitude of response is fana log   10  2.5kHz
2 2
1
of its peak value.
2 Hence, the correct option is (B).
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.53

85. 4
Signal x(t ) is sampled at rate 100 Hz
1
Ts  sec
100
Sampled sequence can be obtained using,
x1 (n)  x(t ) t nTs

 n 
x1 (n)  x  
 100 
  3 
  y(t )dt    t  2  3(t )  (t  2)  dt
  rad/sec 1 1
 2 
2
  3 3
  y(t )dt    t  2 dt   1.5
 2 2 2
1 1
1 m
  0.25  
2 2 4 N Hence, the correct answer is 1.5.
N  4m for m  1 87. (B)
N 4
1
For m  1, N  Integer so N  4 is the Given : X (0)  
6
fundamental period of sampled sequence.
Hence, the correct answer is 4. K  s  1
From pole zero plot, X (s) 
86. 1.5  s  3 s  2
K 1
d 2 x(t ) Put s  0 , X (0) 
Given : A  3 , y(t )  3 2
dt 2
1 K
  K 1
6 6

X (s) 
 s  1
 s  3 s  2
 Using partial fraction,
4 1
X (s)  5  5
s 3 s  2
Taking inverse Laplace transform,
Given x(t ) is causal i.e. right sided signal.
Hence, ROC are Re(s)  3 and Re(s)  2 .
4 1
x(t )  e3t u(t )  e2t u(t )
5 5
Hence, the correct option is (B).
 5.54 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
 
88. 32
 X   d   2 X t  dt
2 2

 
2, | t | 2  
 X   d   2 22 dt
2 2
Given : x(t )   
0, Otherwise   2

 X   d   2 4  4  32  A
2

 X   d   A
2
and 

Hence, the correct answer is 32.
89. (D)
Given :
y(t )  x t   sin tx(t 1)  0.5x t  2 1
The system is non causal because y(t ) depends
x(t )  X  
FT
on x(t  2) future value.
Using Parseval’s energy theorem, Time varying because y(t ) has extra term sin t
 1  Nonlinear because y(t ) contains a constant ‘1’.
 X t  dt  2  X  d
2 2

Hence, the correct option is (D).

90. (A), (B), (C)

 k 
Given signal is, x(t )   (1)   t  500 
k 
k

The signal x(t ) can be plotted as shown below,

From the above plot, period of x(t ) is,

2 1
T   4msec
500 250
2 2
0    500  500 
T 2
The Fourier series representation of x(t ) will be,

2 2
x(t )  a0   (an cos n0t  bn sin n0t ) Where, 0    500
n1 T 1
250
1T  1 
a0  
T 0 (t )    t   dt  1 1  0
 500 
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.55

2T  1 
an    (t )    t    cos n0t dt
T 0  500  
2 n  2
an  1  cos 0   1  cos n
T 500  T
4
an  for n  1,3,5,7......
T
 0 otherwise
2T  1 
bn   (t )    t   sin n0t dt  0
 500 
and
T 0
4
 x(t )  cos500nt for n  1,3, 5, 7......
T
4 4 4 4
x(t )  cos(500t )  cos(1500t )  cos(2500t )  cos(3500t )  ....
T T T T
If x(t ) is passed through an ideal low pass filter having cutoff frequency fc  800Hz or
C  1600 rad/sec then output of low pass filter will be
4 4
x0 (t )  cos(500t )  cos(1500t )
T T
x0 (t )  1000cos(500t )  1000cos(1500t )
 It can be seen that x0 (t ) contains fundamental component 0  500 rad/sec and third harmonic
component 30  1500 rad/sec .
Also power present in x0 (t ) is,
(1000)2 (1000)2
P0    (1000)2
2 2
 RMS value of x(t )  P0  (1000)2  1000
Hence, the correct options are (A), (B) & (C).
91. (A) 5s  4 
X  s   4  2 2  1
s 4 2
2
 s 4 
s  s  5  s 2  5s
Given : X (s)   Taking inverse Laplace transform on both sides
s 2  16 s 2  16
we get x  t   5cos 4t  4sin 4t    t 
s 2  16  16  5s
X s  On comparing with
s 2  16
x t   5cos 4t  4sin 4t  x3 t 
16 5s
X  s   1 2  2
s  16 s  16 We get x3 t    t  which is an impulse
5s 4 4 function.
X  s   2 1
s  16 s  16
2
Hence, the correct option is (A).
 5.56 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®

92. (A) 93. (A), (D)

Given : x[n]  {2, 0, 0, 0 ,  1, 0, 0, 0, 3} Given :


n 0 
6  n 
Signal, x(t )  64   sin 2   cos(500nt )
x[n]  2 (n  3)  (n 1)  3 (n  5) n1 n  2 
 X (e j )  2e j 3  e j  3 e j 5 Fundamental frequency is, 0  500
X (e j ) can be written in rectangular form as, 2
 Time period, T 
X (e j )  2cos3 j 2sin 3 cos  0

 j sin  3cos5 j3sin5 2

T  4msec
500
X (e j )  (2cos3 cos  3cos5)
As the signal x(t ) has non-zero dc value and
 j(2sin3 sin  3sin5) …(i) even harmonics of cosine, it cannot be odd and
Given that, X (e j )  A()  jB() …(ii) half wave symmetric.
Comparing equation (i) and (ii), Hence, the correct options are (A) & (D).
A()  2cos3 cos  3cos5 94. 1.178
B()  2sin3 sin  3sin5 
 2   j
Given : I   sinc   e d
2
j
Given, Y (e )  B()  jA()    
Y (e j )  (2sin 3 sin  3sin 5) As sinc( x)  Sa(x)
 j(2cos3 cos  3cos5)  2 
sinc2    Sa 2 (2)
  
 e j 3   e  j 3   e j   e  j  
Y (e j )  2   2j  
 2   j
 2j     I  sinc   e d
2

   
 e j 5  e j 5    e j 3  e j 3 
3    j 2  


 Sa (2)e
 j
 2j    2  I 2
d …(i)


 e j   e  j    e j 5   e  j 5   From the definition of inverse Fourier

   3 
 2   2  
 2   j
Transform, I   sinc   e d
2
j
Y (e )  e j 3
{ j  j}  e  j 3
{ j  j}    

e j{ 0.5 j  0.5 j}  e j{0.5 j  0.5 j}
 X () e
jt
2 x(t )  d … (ii)
j 5  j 5
e {1.5 j  1.5 j}  e {1.5 j  1.5 j} 

Comparing equation (i) and (ii),

Y (e j )  2 j e j 3  j e j  3 j e j 5
I  2 x(t ) t 1 … (iii)
Taking inverse D.T.F.T.,
Where, x(t )  IFT [Sa 2 (2)]
y n  2 j  (n  3)  j  (n  1)  3 j  (n  5)
t    
 y  n  {3 j, 0, 0, 0,  j, 0, 0, 0, 2 j} We have A Tri   
 ASa2  
   2 
Hence, the correct option is (A).
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.57

1  j 4 k  2  j 2 k
j  2  k
At   4 and A  , But e 3
e  3 
e

3
4
 j 5k    jk
j  2  k
1 t e  3
e

 Sa2 (2) e 3 3

4  4 
Tri
1  jk  j 2 k  j 2 k  jk

1 t C k  1  2e 3
e 3
e 3
 2e 3

 x(t )  IFT [Sa (2)]  Tri  
2
6 
4 4
From equation (iii), 1   jk  jk
  j 2k  j 2 k

C k  1  2  e 3  e 3    e 3  e 3 
3 6     
 I  2 x(t ) t 1  2  1.178
16 1  k   2k  
Ck  1  2  2cos    2cos
6  3   3  
1 k 2k 
Ck  1  4cos  2cos
6 3 3 
Hence, the correct option is (D).
96. (C)

4e2 j ,  2
95. (D) Given : X ()  
 0, Otherwise
Given : X () can be plotted as shown below

x(n)  ........ 1, 2,1, 2, 1,0, 1, 2,1, 2,.....


Sequence x(n) has sample values x(0)  1 ,
x(1)  2, x(2)  1, x(3)  0 ,
x(4)  1, x(5)  2
Repeating itself after N  6sec
The D.T.F.S coefficients can be given as We know that,
 j 2 kn
1 N 1
Ck   x(n)e N
N n 0
 j 2 kn
1 N 1
Ck  
6 n 0
x ( n)e 6

 j kn
1 5
Ck  
6 n 0
x ( n)e 3

1  jk

j 2 k
Ck   x(0)  x(1)e 3  x(2)e 3
6
 j 4 k  j 5k

 x(3)e jk  x(4)e 3
 x(5)e 3

1  jk  j 2 k  j 4 k  j 5 k

Ck  1  2e 3
e 3
e 3
 2e 3 
6 
 5.58 Paramount 1111 [EE] GATE ACADEMY®
The signal x(t ) can be plotted as shown below,

Hence, the correct option is (C).

97. 0  Energy of x(t ) will be,

E   x2 (t ) dt   82 dt  384 J
6
Given : x(n)  sin(0.2 n)
 0
j 0.2 n  j 0.2 n
e e Hence the correct answer is 384.
x(n) 
2j 99. (A)
1 jn 1  jn 
x ( n)  e  e Given : H (e j )  tan  
2j 2j
2
Where,    
sin  
1 1 2
 C1  and C1  H (e j ) 
2j 2j 
cos  
As   2  , 2
 
j
0.2
j

f   0.1 
1 e 2
e 2

2 10 2j
H (e j )   
 Time period of x(n) is N  10sec j j
e 2
e 2

 Fourier series coefficient, 2

1 
j

C9  C110  C1  e
j
2
e 2
2
2j H (e j )   j j
2j 
1 1 e e 2 2
C1  C9   0
2j 2j  j

 j

je 2
e  2

Hence, the correct answer is 0. H (e j )   j j



98. 384 e 2 e 2
Given : Signal is, x(t )  4[sgn(t)  sgn(6  t)] j  e j  1
H (e j  )   j 
We know that, sgn(t)  2u(t) 1 e 1
sgn(6  t)  sgn[(t  6)] Y (e ) j (e j  1)
j
  j
X (e j ) e 1
sgn(6  t)   sgn(t  6)  [2u(t  6) 1]
Y (e j )e j  Y (e j )
 x(t)  4[sgn(t)  sgn(t  6)]
 j e j  X (e j )  X (e j )
x(t)  4[2u(t) 1 2u(t  6) 1]
Taking inverse Fourier transform, we get
x(t )  4[2u(t)  2u(t  6)]
y(n 1)  y(n)   jx(n)  jx(n 1)
x(t )  8[u(t )  u(t  6)] Hence, the correct option is (A).
GATE ACADEMY® Signals & Systems 5.59

100. 34 32
Energy, [ x2 (t )]  2  6
3
Given signal is as shown below,
 Energy, [ x(t)]  16  6  2  6
 16  6 12  34J
Hence, the correct answer is 34.



x(t )  x1 (t )  x2 (t )
Energy [ x(t)]  Energy [ x1 (t )] + Energy [ x2 (t )]
+ 2 Area of [ x1 (t ) x2 (t )]
The plot of x1 (t ), x1 (t ) x2 (t ) and x2 (t ) can be
drawn as shown below,

x2 (t)

t
0 1 2 3 4
x1x2 (t)

t
0 1 2 3 4
1
Area, [ x1 (t ) x2 (t )]   2  6  6
2
Energy, [ x1 (t )]  22  4  16