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Water Resource Management

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16 views

Water Resource Management

Uploaded by

lslamic Studio
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Artificial rainfall

Submitted to: Dr. Mohsin


Submitted by: Saba Jamshaid (2021-uam-4005)
Course Title: ENV-530
(Water resource management)
Department: Soil and Env.sciences
Degree: BSc. (Hons) Environmental sciences
Semester: 6th

Department of soil and Environmental sciences 6 th Semester


Artificial Rainfall:

Artificial rainfall, also known as cloud seeding, is a weather modification technique aimed at
enhancing precipitation. It involves dispersing substances into the air that serve as cloud
condensation or ice nuclei, which induce cloud formation and precipitation.

Mechanism of Artificial Rainfall:

 Cloud Identification: Suitable clouds, typically those with a high moisture content but
not currently precipitating, are identified.
 Seeding Agents: Substances like silver iodide, potassium iodide, or sodium chloride are
chosen as seeding agents because they can facilitate ice crystal formation.
 Dispersal Methods:

1.Aerial Dispersal: Aircraft are used to release the seeding agents directly into the clouds.
2.Ground-Based Dispersal:
Generators on the ground release the agents, which are then carried upward by air currents.

 Cloud Nucleation:
The seeding agents provide surfaces on which water vapor can condense or freeze.
 Droplet Formation:
As more water vapor condenses or freezes around the nuclei, droplets grow larger and
heavier until they fall as precipitation.

Possible Environmental Impacts of Artificial Rainfall:

 Water Supply Enhancement:

- Positive:
Increases water supply for agricultural, industrial, and municipal use.
- Negative:
Over-reliance on cloud seeding might lead to neglect of sustainable water management practices.

 Ecosystem Effects:
- Positive:
Can alleviate drought conditions, supporting ecosystems and wildlife.
- Negative:
Changes in rainfall patterns could disrupt local ecosystems and biodiversity.

 Chemical Residues:

- Positive:
Generally considered minimal if seeding agents are used in low concentrations.
- Negative: Accumulation of chemicals like silver iodide could potentially affect soil and water
quality over time.

 Weather Pattern Alteration:

- Positive:
Can provide relief in drought-stricken areas.
- Negative:
Could lead to unintended consequences, such as shifting weather patterns, affecting regions far
from the target area.

 Ethical and Environmental Concerns:

- Positive: Benefits must be carefully weighed against potential risks.


- Negative:
Ethical concerns regarding interference with natural processes and the long-term impacts on the
environment.

While artificial rainfall can provide significant benefits, its use must be carefully managed to
mitigate potential adverse effects on the environment and society.

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