Please stick your

candidate label here

Anglia Examinations
CEFR C1

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AIM Qualifications ESOL International

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Level 2

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Qualification: 601/4949/8

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Paper Number: AAProficiency120

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Candidate Instructions: Sa
Make sure you have the correct Time allowed – THREE hours.
candidate label in the box above. (Including listening)
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Answer ALL the questions. You may use correcting fluid

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Check the back page. if necessary.

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Use a blue or black PEN in the

spaces provided.
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INVIGILATOR: PLEASE ENSURE THAT CANDIDATES UNDERSTAND THESE INSTRUCTIONS

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For Examiner’s Use Only

W1A W1 W2 R1 R2 R3 W3 R4 R5
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[25] [15] [15] [10] [10] [10] [10] [10] [10]

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Reading Section [50] Writing Section [50] Marker’s ID

© Anglia Examinations Ltd. Reg. in England Co. No. 2046325

Chichester College, Westgate Fields, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 1SB, ENGLAND

These materials may not be altered or reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical,
chemical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner.
A120-09-1 00
 Choose EITHER Section W1A or Section W1. Marks
Tick the topic you are writing about  Awarded

Section W1A (25 marks)

These essay options are for AcCEPT Proficiency candidates who DO wish to
write an academic essay and DO wish to qualify for an AcCEPT certificate.
Write a composition of about 300 words on ONE of the following topics:
Financial gain is the reason why most people have a job. However,

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1. there are other reasons for working. What are these reasons and how 

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important are they?
Online study has almost replaced traditional study. Outline the
2.
advantages and disadvantages of this. 

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School is not always a good use of time and too many hours are spent
3. there anyway. We should have less school and more time off. To what 
extent do you agree with this statement and why?

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The threat of climate change is imminent and catastrophic. What


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4. personal changes could people make to tackle it, and do you think
they should be forced to make them?

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Or
Section W1 (25 marks)
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These essay options are for General English Proficiency candidates who do
NOT wish to write an academic essay and do NOT wish to qualify for an
AcCEPT certificate.
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Write a composition of about 300 words on ONE of the following topics:

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5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having school uniform? 

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6. Describe in detail a fictional character you like. 

7. Write an account of a day when you made a terrible mistake. 
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8. Technology should not be allowed in the classroom. Discuss. 

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Have you ticked a box yet? Write your essay here.

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A120-09-1 Page 1 of 11
 Marks
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Ask for extra paper if required

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A120-09-1 Page 2 of 11
 Section W2 (15 marks) Marks
Awarded
You must do both Task 1 and Task 2
They both relate to the situation below:

You booked an outdoor activity weekend but the company cancelled a few days
before, with no explanation.

Task 1- Write a formal letter of 110–130 words to the adventure company.

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In your letter, you should:
 complain about the cancellation
 explain how it has affected your plans

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(Include the addresses in the letter but do not include them in the number of words.)

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Now go to task 2 to complete this section Extra space on page 11

A120-09-1 Page 3 of 11
 Section W2 (continued) Marks
Awarded
You booked an outdoor activity weekend but the company cancelled a few days
before, with no explanation.

Task 2- Write an informal email of about 70 words to a friend.

In your email, you should:

 tell your friend about the cancellation

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 suggest an activity to do together soon

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From:

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Subject:

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Message:

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A120-09-1 Page 4 of 11
 Section R1 (10 marks) Marks
Read the following passage and answer all the questions. Awarded

John Serson’s Idea

As a storm was brewing in the English Channel in 1744, a squadron of British warships
was pursuing some French ships from the coast of Portugal during the Anglo-French
wars. Failing to reach them, some of the English ships were swallowed up by the huge
waves and sank. This included the leading ship, HMS Victory. It was thought that the

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Victory contained a lot of Portuguese gold, so many searched for it over the next 250

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years. A decade ago, HMS Victory was finally found on the sea bed. Despite repeated
dives, no such treasure was found, but the wreck did contain the earliest known
attempt at a navigational instrument, which remains incredibly important to our world

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today.

That invention was called the ‘whirling speculum’ and was invented by a man called

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John Serson. Its purpose was navigational: to allow sailors to work out their location on
the ocean. Previously, sailors had used a quadrant for this. This was a kind of triangular

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ruler that they used to take an angle from the sun to the horizon. However, the horizon

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was not always visible in mist or fog. Serson sought to make an artificial horizon that
could be used any time. Having got the idea from a child he saw playing with a spinning
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top, he invented a device made of a platform with a spinning disc on top. The disc
would keep horizontal no matter how much the platform moved, creating a ‘horizon’.
Much later, a man named Leon Foucault added ‘gimbals’ – a kind of stabiliser - around
the disc, which greatly improved the invention.
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The only whirling speculum was lost to the sea when HMS Victory sank, along with the
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man who invented it. However, enough people, including Foucault, had understood
Serson’s idea and principles to continue to develop it, and it was Foucault’s invention
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which became revolutionary. He called it the ‘gyroscope’, the name we still use today.
It found immediate use for ships’ navigational systems: sailors were able to use it to
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work out their location in all weather, just as Serson had originally intended.
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The gyroscope became central to much of our modern technology. The invention of
electric motors meant the disc could spin continuously, meaning that gyroscopes could
be used in transport, enormously increasing their range of functions. Because of the
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motors, the ‘gyrocompass’ was invented, which, combined with other innovations, led
to the autopilot function on an aeroplane. There is even a tiny gyroscope in your
smartphone, which instead of a spinning disc uses a laser thinner than a human hair.
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That’s how it uses GPS and knows where you are. Video games that use motion sensors,
like the Nintendo Switch, have technology installed in the controller based on the
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principles of the gyroscope.

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Nowadays, the rise of drones is perhaps the most significant legacy of the gyroscope
and whirling speculum. Five or six years ago, drones were only mentioned in military
practice. Now, they can do everything from moviemaking to delivering online shopping.
In the coming years, drones could revolutionise our way of life. However, if we are to
rely on them, they will have to overcome what the sailors of the 18th century couldn’t:
the weather. Will drones ever navigate storms that could sink a battleship? Perhaps
then the promise of Serson’s idea will have truly been accomplished.

A120-09-1 Page 5 of 11
 For questions 1-8, tick () the box. (1 mark each) Marks
Awarded
1. Serson got his idea for the whirling speculum from a child’s toy.

True False Doesn’t say

2. John Serson died when HMS Victory sank.

True False Doesn’t say

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3. No changes were made to Serson’s design for many years.

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True False Doesn’t say

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4. Leon Foucault gave the gyroscope its name.

True False Doesn’t say

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5. Some principles of the gyroscope were reinvented for drones.

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True False Doesn’t say

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6. HMS Victory was sunk as a result of a
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B
navigational error.
storm off the English coast.
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C battle over gold and other treasure.
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A B C
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7. The whirling speculum can be described as a

A single disc spinning on a platform.
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B disc spinning inside multiple gimbals.

C triangular instrument used to measure angles.
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A B C
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8. What gave the gyroscope so many applications?

A the creation of electricity
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B a significant design improvement

C the development of laser technology

A B C
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Write the words in the box. (½ a mark each)

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9. Find the word in the passage which means the SAME as:
chasing (paragraph 1)
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depend (paragraph 5)

10. Find the word or phrase in the passage which means the OPPOSITE of:
hidden (paragraph 2)

removed from (paragraph 4) __

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A120-09-1 Page 6 of 11
 Section R2 – Summary (10 marks – 8 marks for summary and 2 marks for style) Marks
Read paragraphs 2, 3, and 4. With the information you find, write a summary in your Awarded
own words on how Serson’s idea was developed and what inventions this resulted
in. Do not use fewer than 50 words or more than 75 words.
Title:

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Section R3 - Reading (10 marks) Sa
Read the passage about the history of writing. Six sentences have been removed
from the text. Choose from the extracts A – H, the one which fits each gap. There
are two extracts you do not need to use. One of them has been done for you as an
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example.
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A - Instead, the dominant languages were Greek and Persian, and even these were
slowly replaced by Arabic with the rise of Islam in the region.
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B - Secondly, and much later, Mesoamerica conceived its own form of writing
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script in 300 BCE.

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C – Cuneiform was most widely used by the ancient Persians and is one of the
earliest and most recognisable forms of true writing.

D - Not only can we push a button to make a character, but instant digital writing
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has allowed for a colloquial way of writing that more resembles speaking.

E - This was not writing as we understand it but was made up of symbols that have
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no meaning out of context.

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F - For example, historians think that the famous writing systems developed by
Egypt in 3200 BCE and China in 1200 were at least influenced by Sumerian.
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G – The vastness of their empire meant that many different peoples learned and
adopted their language, and it developed into languages we know today.

H - The earliest complete printed book in Europe was Johannes Gutenberg’s Bible,
which was printed in Mainz, Germany, in 1455.

A120-09-1 Page 7 of 11
 A History of Writing Marks
Awarded
Writing is one of mankind’s most enduring technologies. It has enabled us to
communicate, give instructions, and transmit ideas over many centuries. It developed
very slowly over a long time period and independently in different countries. For
thousands of years before true writing was established, ancient societies used what we
call proto-writing. 1. Therefore those marks could only provide limited
information. It wasn’t until the Bronze Age, about 4000-3000 BCE, that we have
evidence of written language that is more like ours. People started to use letters to

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depict sounds, rather than pictures with limited meaning and use.

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Historians mostly agree that the written word was invented independently in at least

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two ancient societies. Most famously, Sumer in ancient Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq)
developed a form of writing in around 3400 BCE. 2. No writing precursors
have been found in either of these areas so historians can say with some confidence
that these societies conceived and developed the writing themselves. In every other

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historical case, societies have adapted their alphabet and writing from somewhere

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else. example 3. F There are too many similarities between them to credibly

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argue that neither of these ancient societies knew about Sumer’s invention. It is
thought that the writing could have been learned when traders and merchants went to
and from each ancient civilisation.
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The Phoenicians, people who lived around the area of modern-day Syria, invented an
alphabet and writing system which is the precursor to much of the world’s writing
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today. The ancient Greeks took the Phoenician alphabet and made some of their own
changes and even added a few of their own letters. The Romans took the Greek
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alphabet and replaced the letters with their own in the form of the Latin alphabet, the
one we use in most western languages today including English. 4. These
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include widely spoken tongues like French, Spanish and Italian, and the alphabet is used
more widely. The Phoenicians’ invention also led to the development of Aramaic in the
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Middle East which evolved separately into Hebrew and Arabic.

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When the Roman Empire collapsed in the west in what we now call Europe, the
development of writing slowed down there. However, the Roman Empire continued in
the East, centred in modern day Turkey, as the Byzantine Empire. This is where writing
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developed throughout the Middle Ages and the Medieval period, but they did not speak
Latin here as they had done in the west. 5. The intellectualism of this
religion led it to develop many great works of literature. The city of Cordoba in modern
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Spain, which Arabs had conquered, had become one of the intellectual centres of the
world and contained the world's largest library at the time. It drew many thinkers from
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both Christianity and Islam and fuelled development and written communication
between both cultures.
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Because of the development of new technologies over the centuries, the way we write
has been continually changing. We have invented the pen, the printing press, the
computer and the mobile phone. These are all developments that have altered what is
written, the medium through which the written word is produced, and how we
write. 6. In the future, as new technologies develop, the way we write
will change still further, but we will still have much of what we wrote in the past safely
preserved. __
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A120-09-1 Page 8 of 11
 Section W3 (10 marks) Marks
Rewrite the sentences to give the same meaning as the original, using the word or Awarded
words given. Do not change the given word or words in any way at all.
Rewrite all direct speech as reported speech.

Example:
That was the hardest I have ever studied. (never)

I have never studied so hard.

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1. Michael found the driving test very difficult to pass. (difficulty)

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2. I didn’t understand the plot of the film until the end. (Only)

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3. ‘I insist. I’ll pay for the meal,’ said Kate. (insisted)

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4.
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He doesn’t travel much because he doesn’t earn much money. (If)
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5. I expect he was very pleased with the result. (must)

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6. Jack became rich immediately after he started his business. (Hardly)

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7. I couldn’t vote because I wasn’t in the country. (Had)

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8. The tennis match was cancelled because of the heavy rain. (raining)
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9. I never thought to check in the shed. (occurred)

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10. Fred regretted speaking so rudely to Wilma. (wished)

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A120-09-1 Page 9 of 11
 Section R4 (10 marks) Marks
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. Awarded

Example
The children were reliant on their mother. (rely)

1. The exotic zoo animal filled the children with wonder and (curious)

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_________________.

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2. Tony thought the fee for _________________ was too high. (admit)

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3. Amanda took a different route to _________________ the (short)

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journey time.

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4.
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The first attempt resulted in _________________ but the second
time he succeeded.
(fail)
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5. Those high-heeled sandals are totally _________________ for (practice)

walking through the forest.
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6. Why does she have to _________________ everything and make (drama)

such a big deal out of it?
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7. He wrapped his scarf _________________ around his neck. (loose)

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8. I gave them a hotel _________________ and they seemed to (recommend)

enjoy their stay there.
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9. He _________________ stepped onto the frozen lake. (caution)

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10. The company’s mistake caused them a _________________ loss. (substance) __

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A120-09-1 Page 10 of 11
 Section R5 (10 marks)
Write the missing words on the lines. Write only one word in each space. There is
an example.
Cape Perpetua

Cape Perpetua is a rocky shore projecting (example) into the Pacific Ocean from

Oregon, USA. At its highest point, the headland rises to 240 metres above sea level,

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from where it is (1) _________________ to see 60 kilometres out to sea on a clear

day. Surrounded (2) _________________ forest on all other sides, it is a scenic area

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home to several amazing sights. One hiking trail leads (3) _________________ the

visitor centre, several kilometres to a giant Sitka Spruce, called the Silent Sentinel.

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It is a 600-year-old tree, which, in 2007, was designated an Oregon Heritage Tree in

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order to (4) _________________ its protection. Even more famous than the Silent

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Sentinel, however, (5) _________________ the two large sinkholes in the rocks known
(6) Sa
_________________ Thor’s Well and Spouting Horn. In rough conditions, the ocean
(7)
water rushes into the holes and then shoots upwards _________________ great
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force. This dramatic sight (8) _________________ tourists from far and wide. Most

visitors go to see the natural water display at high tide, (9) _________________ it is
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most spectacular. However, this (10) _________________ be very dangerous because

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the wells suck in water from a large area and then blast it out many feet into the
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air. __
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extra space
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A120-09-1 Page 11 of 11