Sas#5 - App 002
Sas#5 - App 002
LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction
Good day! Today, we will be learning new concepts. You can describe the content and structure of a
critique/reaction paper; and articulate personal insights about a certain text.
By definition, a critique is a formal analysis and evaluation of a text, production, or performance—either one's own
(a self-critique) or someone else's. In composition, a critique is sometimes called a response paper. (Richard Nordquist,
https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-critique-composition-)
MAIN LESSON
Content and Skill-Building
Critique Paper
A formal analysis and evaluation of a text, production, or performance, etc.--either one's own (a self-critique) or someone
else's.
When you write a critique/reaction paper, you should have a goal in mind. Your goal is to write a good critique/reaction
paper. The content of a good critique/reaction paper can be described as:
ACCURATE - It provides an accurate description of the work being evaluated by giving its summary and/or background
details, like answers to basic reporter questions of who, what, when, where, and why.
EVALUATIVE - It gives the writer’s overall judgement of the work. It makes this judgement convincing by giving three or
more (depending on the length of the paper) supporting evaluations of selected analytical elements of the work being
evaluated.
BALANCED - The writer shows balance by pointing out weaknesses of a work, if the overall judgement is positive, or the
other way around, by recognizing strong points of a work for which the overall judgement is negative.
Summary
Briefly summarize the main points and objectively describe how the creator portrays these by using techniques, styles,
media, characters or symbols.
Critical evaluation
This section should give a systematic and detailed assessment of the different elements of the work, evaluating how well
the creator was able to achieve the purpose through these. For example: you would assess the plot structure,
characterization and setting of a novel. A critical evaluation does not simply highlight negative impressions. It should
deconstruct the work and identify both strengths and weaknesses. It should examine the work and evaluate its success, in
light of its purpose.
Examples of key critical questions that could help your assessment include:
Who is the creator? Is the work presented objectively or subjectively?
What are the aims of the work? Were the aims achieved?
What techniques, styles, media were used in the work? Are they effective in portraying the purpose?
What assumptions underlie the work? Do they affect its validity?
What types of evidence or persuasion are used? Has evidence been interpreted fairly?
How is the work structured? Does it favour a particular interpretation or point of view? Is it effective?
Does the work enhance understanding of key ideas or theories? Does the work engage (or fail to engage) with key
concepts or other works in its discipline?
This evaluation is written in formal academic style and logically presented. For shorter critiques, you may discuss the
strengths of the works, and then the weaknesses. In longer critiques, you may wish to discuss the positive and negative of
each key critical question in individual paragraphs.
Conclusion
This is usually a very brief paragraph, which includes:
A statement indicating the overall evaluation of the work
A summary of the key reasons, identified during the critical evaluation, why this evaluation was formed.
In some circumstances, recommendations for improvement on the work may be appropriate.
Reference list
Include all resources cited in your critique. Check with your teacher for which referencing style to use.
This time, we will talk about different critical approaches necessary for writing a critique. Are you ready to learn the
different types of critical approaches ? I hope you are.
Critical Approaches
Formalism
Formalist Criticism emphasizes the form of a literary work to determine its meaning, focusing on literary elements and
how they work to create meaning.
Psychoanalytic
Psychoanalytic Criticism emphasizes the process of introspection, or looking into the past experiences and latent
desires, in order to understand the rationale of human behavior. He identified three sections of the human psyche,
namely id, or the place of deepest secret desires of humans, the ego, which informs human on how to act in a socially
acceptable manner, and the superego, which represents people’s unselfish tendencies. Thus, when a text is examined
using the psychoanalytic approach, we try to look into either the author’s psychological state and his or her
possible motivation, or the possible reasons why the characters in a story behave the way they do.
Feminism
Feminist Criticism is concerned with the role, position, and influence of women in a literary text. It asserts that most
“literature” throughout time has been written by men, for men. Examines the way that the female consciousness is
depicted by both male and female writers.
Four Basic Principles of Feminist Criticism:
Western civilization is patriarchal.
The concepts of gender are mainly cultural ideas created by patriarchal societies.
Patriarchal ideals pervade “literature.”
Most “literature” through time has been gender-biased.
Lesbian/Gay/Queer Criticism
Queer Criticism examines how certain works display fear of the unknown, especially homophobia, of the fear of the
LGBTQ community, which leads to repression. For instance, a particular text may show certain homoerotic tendencies,
or a strong sexual desire for a member of the same sex, but is repressed because such ideas is deemed as taboo by the
society in general. Also, it promulgates the idea that gender is performance. That gender is not something that is innate
in us, but is something that we constantly do. To borrow Simone de Beauvoir’s words: One is not born, but rather
becomes, a woman.
Marxism
Marxist Criticism emphasizes economic and social conditions. It examines literature to see how it reflects the way
in which dominant groups (typically, the majority) exploit the subordinate groups (typically, the minority); or the
way in which people become alienated from one another through power, money, and politics.
Literary criticism is the art or practice of judging and commenting on the qualities and character of literary works.
First is the Formalism. Formalist critics focus on what the work means (theme) and how it conveys its meaning
(form). Formalists believe that all the elements necessary for understanding the work can be found within the work itself.
Formalists look at the elements of form, style, structure, tone, imagery, etc. that can be found within the text. They try to
determine how elements work together with the text’s content to shape its effects upon readers.
Let us examine a portion of the story “The Lion King”. I want you to realize that this portion of this story can be best
analyzed using the Formalist Approach:
The first image in the movie is a rising sun. This is consistent with the theme of “The Circle of Life.” The sun represents
a never-deviating pattern of death and rebirth through its daily rising and setting, an eternal constant that embodies the
“Circle of Life.” The movie primarily deals with the Scar’s attempt not only to disrupt the entire cycle in his seizure of
power, but also the internal cycle of growth in Simba. Only by reclaiming his lost Self can Simba restore balance to the
Pride Lands and to himself.
Scar is quickly characterized as the sinister antagonist. His fur and mane are darker than the other lions’, and he
constantly lurks in shadows. He’s cruel to animals, as shown by his tormenting of a mouse which directly contrasts with
Mufasa’s admonition to respect all creatures. While all the other lions normally have their claws retracted, Scar’s alone
remain constantly drawn. However, his nefarious nature is made demonic in his song “Be Prepared,” where he
descends into the underworld of the hyenas and stages his coup. The same eerie green lighting used to depict the
Underworld in Hercules is used here, as well as the skeletal dancing and gradual change to red lighting reminiscent of
hellfire. The director even makes an allusion to Hitler when the hyenas are marching past him in high-step. All these
forms of characterization serve to show the maniacal megalomaniac for what he really is.
Second is the Psychoanalytic Criticism. Psychoanalytic Criticism emphasizes the process of introspection, or
looking into the past experiences and latent desires, in order to understand the rationale of human behavior.
Freud identified three sections of the human psyche, namely id, or the place of deepest secret desires of humans, the ego,
which informs human on how to act in a socially acceptable manner, and the superego, which represents people’s
unselfish tendencies. It answers the questions:
1.) How is the psych functioning? the id, superego and ego?
2.) Are there any dreams to analyze?
3.) Is any character seeking or achieving a narcissistic bliss?
Let us examine again a portion of the story “The Lion King” that can be best analyzed using the Psychoanalytic Approach:
There is a part in the story where Simba grew up in the Jungle together with his new-found friends Timon and Pumba.
In the Jungle, they live happy with plenty of food and water. There is no problem and no war. Experiencing this kind of
life, Simba rejects his superego and satisfies his id by abandoning all his responsibilities to exist pleasurable with Timon
and Pumba. Simba seeks and achieves a narcissistic bliss until Nala reminds him of his role.
Third is Feminism. Feminism criticism believes that the sexist, patriarchal attitudes that have dominated the world
for centuries have resulted in literature full of male dominance and sexual discrimination. It answers the questions:
1.) How are women treated in the story and how are they treated in that way?
2.) How are the gender roles treated?
Let us examine a portion of the story “The Lion King” that can be best analyzed using the Feminism Approach:
The movie marginalizes women. Why couldn’t Nala fight the evil? Where is Simba’s mother? Why did they need a man
to save the day? This demonstrates the sexism inherent in modern literature. . When Mufasa dies his power transfers
to either his son or his brother. His wife is never even considered. Nala is also clearly “stronger” than Simba yet she is
considered inferior. Instead of the weak, lazy, privileged Simba, Nala should be named heir to Mufasa’s throne because
she is physically stronger than Simba, she shows more self-discipline and responsibility and she hunts better than
Simba, who simply lays around and eats slugs. The awful message is sent to kids that men are privileged simply
because they are men.
Fourth, we have the Queer Criticism. Queer Criticism examines how certain works display fear of the unknown,
especially homophobia, of the fear of the LGBTQ community, which leads to repression. It also acknowledges the
idea that our gender is a collection of roles that is dictated by the society such as having long hair for girls or not allowing
men to wear high heels. It answers the questions:
Lastly, we have the Marxist Criticism. It views society based on the economic and cultural theory of Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engles. It assumes that each society is made up of a set of concepts, beliefs, values, and ways of thinking
influenced by economic and class structures. It answers the questions:
1.) Is there a distinct division of socio economic classes?
2.) How are systems (family, economy, culture) good or bad for a character?
3.) What role does power, money, or class play in this work?
4.) What happens as a result in differences in power/money?
Let us again examine a portion of the story “The Lion King” that can be best analyzed using the Marxist Approach:
The upper class (lions) are determined to maintain power over an unhappy lower class (hyenas). Note how the lower
classes are depicted as evil and ugly, reflecting the view of the elite over the proletariat (the workers).
The lower class resents the privileges of better food and hunting grounds that the upper class maintains. This conflict
causes a rebellion, which disrupts the normal social order, causing chaos and destruction. The worker-hyenas are used
by Scar (an outcast from the Upper Classes) to put him in power. He then proceeds to exploit them until they are forced
to choose between labouring as the enforcers of a corrupt regime or escaping to the drudgery of their previous existence.
The rebellion is eventually crushed and the status quo is restored, with yet another dynastic dictatorship put in place as
the ruling class. The ‘circle of life’ shows how the proletariat is constantly exploited and cannot escape.
Skill-building Activities
Today’s discussion will be the beginning of your first writing task. I am sure that you are quite familiar with a critique paper
because you have been asked by your teachers before to write your thoughts and feelings about a certain work, may it be
yours or others. The reaction paper that you have written before is similar with a critique paper in the sense that you are
going to give your opinion/perception about a certain work. However, a critique paper does not focus entirely on the
writer’s emotions, instead it evaluates the worth of certain work based on analytical elements and uses certain
approaches in criticizing (this will be discussed further on the next lesson).
In order for you to be able to write a coherent and clear critique paper, you should be familiar of its parts. However, you
need to remember that there is no standard format in writing a critique paper. There are instances when some parts are
being integrated in other parts. Even so, learning the different sections of a critique paper will give you a good picture of
how the said paper should look like.
a. For this activity, I want you to identify each part of the critique paper of the given sample critique paper below.
Just write the paragraph number of your choice.
(1.) Some stories can affect people emotionally, but once in a while a story can call a person to escape to it. The
Lord of the Rings is an enchanting story with masterful use of setting and sensational characters that engages
readers and can move them to experience life in a deeper way. As a child, J.R.R. Tolkien lived in Africa until his
father passed away. Then his mother moved them to England. Mrs. Tolkien made certain that her children
learned literature and languages. It was probably due somewhat to his mother’s influence that Tolkien became
who he was: an author and a linguist (Corday).
(2.) Tolkien had a special interest in "obscure" languages, even to the point of creating his own. He called it
High-Elven and often in his stories he used the language. Tolkien also invented an entire world called Middle
Earth where The Lord of the Rings takes place. Because he had invented this world it had to bow to his will and
rules. He was an accomplished linguist and this greatly helped his ability to vividly portray and create in the
reader’s mind Middle Earth, a place that no person has ever been (Corday).
(3.) Charters defines setting as "the place and time of the story." Also, according to Charters, "When the writer
locates the narrative in a physical setting, the reader is moved along step by step toward acceptance of the
fiction" (Charters 1008).
(4.) Tolkien’s setting gives the reader a sense of goodness or malevolence. Unlike an environment that is
removed from the work, Tolkien’s setting sometimes is the story. Possibly the setting could even tell the story if
there were no characters. For example, in the house of Elrond of the elves, Frodo's experience is defined by the
setting. "He [Frodo] found his friends sitting in a porch on the side of the house looking east. Shadows had
fallen in the valley below, but there was still a light on the faces of the mountains far above. The air was warm.
The sound of running and falling water was loud, and the evening was filled with a faint scent of trees and
flowers, as if summer still lingered in Elrond’s gardens (220).
(5.) This describes a peaceful place that is not quite reality. The rest of the world is moving into winter, but
Elrond’s gardens haven’t realized that yet. Next, is another example of how Tolkien uses setting to create a
picture that could not be obtained by just explaining the scenery. Tolkien is able to bring a place to life with
words. We can see this when the Fellowship winds up going through the Mines of Moria.
The Company spent that night in the great cavernous hall, huddled close together in a corner to escape
the draught: there seemed to be a steady inflow of chill air through the eastern archway. All about them
as they lay hung the darkness, hollow and immense, and they were oppressed by the loneliness and
vastness of the dolven halls and endlessly branching stairs and passages. The wildest imaginings that
dark rumor had ever suggested to the hobbits fell altogether short of the actual dread and wonder of
Moria (307).
(6.) This description is one of dread and fear, but like the experience at Elrond’s house, it is filled with word
pictures. It tells the reader that this place is terrible and that some evil is afoot.
(7.) Of course, Tolkien received criticism as all writers do. For instance, Burton Raffel takes the opinion that "his
[Tolkien's] descriptions often fail to create ‘sense impressions’ needed to make language ‘more deeply felt and
more deeply worked." Raffel also claimed that "Tolkien’s nature descriptions are frequently somewhat
overwrought..." (20).
(8.) Still, I maintain that Tolkien’s extraordinary ability to paint a picture with words takes the reader into a place
they’ve never been and still manages to keep them following the story. The characters that Tolkien artfully
created, accent the setting and bring them further to life. This is an attribute to a great setting. Charters explains
that "setting must also have a dramatic use. It must be shown, or at least felt, to affect character or plot"
(Charters 1008). All through The Lord of the Rings the setting is imposing feelings onto the characters (e.g. fear,
dread, peacefulness).
(9.) Charters describes characters in literature as "the people who make something happen or produce an
effect," and explains that the "characters must come alive" (Charters 1006-1007). Tolkien received criticism on
his characters by Raffel as well. Raffel feels that there is "too little meaningful truth about human reality and our
own existences in Tolkien’s characters." Kathryn Crabbe seems to disagree with this statement. In her efforts to
describe the characters as heroic she also shows us they have some very modern human characteristics.
Crabbe says that Frodo is "neither stronger than most men, nor braver than most...He is selfless in his love for
his companions." If there is not enough "meaningful truth about human reality" in Tolkien’s writing, then maybe
it is because he portrays a picture of ordinary people at their best. The heroes in The Lord of the Rings do not
succumb to evil. They do not inadvertently get caught doing good. They are selfless. Isn’t this exactly humanity
at its best?
(10.) Middle Earth is a place where the spirituality of a person is closely connected to the reality of the person.
Tolkien’s characters are not mere people. Each has a position and job in the universe as well, something to
make them heroic and larger than life-right down to Sam whose purpose it would seem is to guard and protect
his "master". This is evident throughout the books but especially at the end of The Fellowship of the Ring when
Sam, now understanding just what might lie ahead, insists on going with Frodo (397). The characters show that
not just anyone is able to complete this quest. It requires a specific person for each job. For example, there is a
reason that Tom Bombadil cannot take the Ring even though he is impervious to its power (259). Fate has
chosen Frodo. In so doing Tolkien creates a story that even the average person can relate to. It propels people
to see the possibilities of greatness amongst the commoners and restores our hope in the great ones. Almost
anyone can find at least one hero among the fellowship.
(11.) One of the things that makes The Lord of the Rings so compelling is the way the setting and characters
work together to produce the ultimate affect. The characters make the setting even more potent. As the external
setting influences each character the reader sees how the struggle becomes internal. We are led to believe that
the characters are closely connected to the earth. The diversity of the setting and characters simply propels us
to see the uniqueness of each place. Where a group of caves might give us one thought, hearing Gimli discuss
the majesty of his cave experience helps us to appreciate the diversity of the group and to see it through a cave
dwellers eyes. "These are not holes," said Gimli. "This is the great realm and city of the Dwarrowdelf. And of old
it was not darksome, but full of light and splendour, as is still remembered in our songs"(307).
(12.) The Lord of the Rings is essentially a story about the struggle of good versus evil. The setting helps the
story personify the difficulties the characters face. The characters go through the trials and share their feelings
of fear and triumph with us. The two work together to make an excellent portrayal of external and internal
struggles that yield an otherwise impossible effect.
(the reference list was omitted)
Fenner, J. (2003, October 29) The Lord of The Rings. Central Oregon Community College. Retrieved from
http://web.cocc.edu/cagatucci/classes/eng104/midtermexamples.htm
Question 1: Which paragraph/s is/are the Introduction? Write your answer here:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Question 2: Which paragraph/s is/are the summary section? Write your answer here:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Question 3: Which paragraphs show the Critical Evaluation of the critique? Write your answer here:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Question 4: Which paragraph/s is/are the conclusion of this paper? Write your answer here:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
a. I have prepared another activity for you to really familiarize the parts of a critique paper. The activity is much
similar with the previous one, except that only parts of a critique paper will be shown. Identify the part of the
Critique Paper presented in each item. Write your answer on the space provided before each number.
________________1. In his obsession with perfection, Tolkien created an entirely new world, complete with customs,
languages, races, songs, and countries. He also created a plethora of individuals through which his story is carried out
and with which his readers identify. While he created this world and everything in it, he could not stray from the
characters and lands he created. Because of this, he had little control over the events once he set them in motion.
Tolkien, like the Lord of the Rings in the novel, had little control over the actions that took place. He could only set
obstacles and helping hands before the characters and allow them to play out the story as they would, as if they were, in
fact, real people in a real world that began in one man’s mind and now exists in the minds and hearts of thousands of
readers throughout the world.
_______________2. There is little doubt that J.R.R. Tolkien has become, in his short reign within literary fiction, nothing
short of legendary. His stories, while only recently presented to the world, have ensnared and enthralled thousands of
readers around the world. While many “cultured” critics still scoff at this work, the effect Tolkien has had on this world is
nearly as profound as the control he had over Middle Earth in his novels. Tolkien, while certainly a master of all elements
of fiction, displayed unquestionable proficiency in the areas of character and setting.
_______________3. This immersion, while an exceptional accomplishment, is only one part of what brings readers into
Tolkien’s world. The characterization makes readers feel as if they actually know the creatures in the story, while the
setting makes readers feel as if they are walking alongside these characters on their journey through Middle Earth. When
these two are combined, readers feel as if they become an integral part of the story.
b. You can find a set of critique sample texts from the novel “Hunger Games”. Read the sample texts below, analyze, and
identify what critical approach was used in each sample text.
1.) The Hunger Games reinforces this concept as it portrays the role of males as those in positions of power, and the
skills associated with power; strength, athleticism and prowess at hunting, are all skills which the heroine possess. Even
though Collins deliberately chose to have a female protagonist, Katniss’ skills are traditionally masculine, reinforcing the
concept of feminine.
Retrieved from http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/assets/qualifications-and-standards/qualifications/ncea/NCEA-subject-
resources/English/91479-B/91479-EXP-B-student2-001.pdf
Critical Approach: _____________________
2.) The Capitol has an overabundance of food and technology, with a small population and size when compared to the
districts. This shows an inequality between the two societies. The Poor In the book, the proletariat is represented by the
various Districts surrounding the Capitol. The districts are starved, oppressed, must give all goods to the Capitol, and are
treated as if they were serfs. The societies also are closer to nature, and have less of an access to technology than the
Capitol. The Continuous Revolution The two opposing forces, the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, both go against one
another, and over time, Katniss realizes that for there to be a better life for those around her, she must work towards a
revolution to overthrow the Capitol.
Retrieved from https://prezi.com/qjnktiljjp3b/the-hunger-games-marxist-critique/
Critical Approach: _____________________
3.) The cool attitude Katniss adopts towards Peeta and Gale throughout all the three books and the reason she takes so
long to choose between them can be explained through the effects of Oedipus complex. Girls who don’t fully detach from
parental authority “in their later marriage lack the capacity to give their husbands what is due them, make cold wives and
remain sexually anesthetic” (Freud 291). Earlier on in the series, the ongoing effects of the Oedipus complex prevents
Katniss from loving anyone fully and her feminine character from becoming fixed (Freud 640). The events which lead up
to her detachment from parental authority – such as her mother taking back the role of the mother, the death of Prim –
occur much later in the series and that is why it takes so long before Katniss can make her choice.
Retrieved from http://quillazy.blogspot.com/2015/08/freud-on-katniss-and-hunger-games-essay.html
Critical Approach: _____________________
Have you read the story of Cinderella? Or watched the animated film? Today, you will be making a critique paper which
contains the Introduction, Summary, Critical Evaluation and Conclusion.
The analysis presented below is an example of a literary critique that examines the famous story of Cinderella using the
lens of Feminism. Read and consider how the author criticized the story and how he presented his criticism. If you have
noticed, the critique paper is unfinished because you will be the one who will continue it. All you have to do is at least add
two more reasons as why you think the Cinderella story is a misogynist one. But don’t sweat, there are given
questions/statements below that will serve as your guide.
Cinderella, far from being an innocent fairy tale about a girl achieving her dreams
is actually a misogynist story that presents women as greedy and cruel or pretty
and passive, and suggests that the best way for a woman to get ahead in the
world is to let herself be abused and wait for help from someone else.
In the beginning, Cinderella is oppressed by her father and his wife. She is forced
to perform traditional female tasks such as cooking and cleaning. The story allows
for no solidarity among women. The stepmother is presented as a monster
Getting a dress and looking pretty is the only way she is able to be happy, to be
noticed and to gain social power. In other words, keeping her ugly kept her from
power.
Guide Beauty is seen as the only way a woman can be powerful. Even during the
questions/statements:
Consider the values conveyed in the portrayal of the good girl as passive, weak, submissive, but physically beautiful; and
powerful woman as wicked and probably ugly.
Consider the potentially misogynist theme of abused-girl-waiting-to-be-rescued-by-prince.
Examine the potentially misogynist theme of the courtship ritual of the prince’s ball:
• By what standard (other than physical beauty) will the prince choose whom to marry?
• Will the chosen woman have a choice in whether or not to marry the prince?
• What is the basis of the prince’s ―love at first sight with Cinderella?
Introductory summary The paper does not The paper’s The paper’s opening The paper has a
of the work being have a summary of introductory summary summary is mostly clear, accurate, and
evaluated the work. has a few accurate and concise opening
inaccuracies or complete. summary.
missing key
information.
Statement of the the The paper has no The paper’s thesis The thesis is mostly The paper’s thesis
thesis: the writer’s overall judgment. fails to summarize all clear with just a minor clearly conveys the
overall judgment of the points of point that is unclear. writer’s overall
the work/subject evaluation raised in judgment.
the paper.
Grammar and Paper has a lot of Paper has a few Most of the paper is Paper has no errors
mechanics errors in grammar errors in grammar written following in grammar and
and mechanics. and mechanics. correct grammar and mechanics.
mechanics.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
LESSON WRAP-UP
Summary/Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the purpose of a critique paper?
The purpose for writing a critique is to evaluate somebody's work (a book, an essay, a movie, a painting...) in order to
increase the reader's understanding of it. A critical analysis is subjective writing because it expresses the writer's opinion
or evaluation of a text.
https://www2.southeastern.edu/Academics/Faculty/elejeune/critique