Factors of Ready Mixed Concrete in Pampanga: A Multiple-Criteria Decision

Making using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) is one of the most extensively used significant

construction materials (APECT, 2017). However, there are situations wherein the

standard concrete mixture is not precisely mixed in construction (Makwana, A., &

Pitroda J., 2013). The purchase of Ready-Mixed Concrete (RMC) can reduce the

amount of work done by employees and shorten the time required to construct the

project (Makwana, A., & Pitroda K., 2013). The previous research assumed that the

major RMC plant's products all meet certain standards (APECT, 2017). As a new

researcher, we aimed to develop a decision-making approach in Pampanga that could

be utilized to understand the demands of buyers by providing valuable information

such as RMC supplier quality, management, price, and service.

Analytical Hierarchy Process AHP is, as a decision-making method, widely used

for multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) in construction project management.

(Saaty, 1990; Kamal et al., 2001; Chun-Chang Lin et al., 2008; Jaskowski et al., 2010).

Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is considered as the most effective and commonly

used method of MCDM in various studies of the diverse field (Muhammad Waris et

al., 2009). AHP provides a convenient approach to analyse decision problems. It is a

method to evaluate subjective and objective functions in multicriteria

decision-making and help users to reach an agreeable solution. Another important

feature of AHP is to achieve consensus in the group decision making

process (Muhammad Waris et al., 2009).

1.2 Statement of the Problem

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 Factors of Ready Mixed Concrete in Pampanga: A Multiple-Criteria Decision
Making using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

The construction companies are having a difficult time selecting which provider

is best suited to their Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) needs (Mario G., & Ivan K.,

2016). The main objective of the study is to select the best supplier of RMC in

Pampanga based on the following criteria, quality, management, price and services.

In conducting this study, the researchers will be able to answer the following

questions:

1. Why is it important to identify the different supplier’s criteria of ready mix

concrete?

2. How to determine the best supplier of Ready-Mixed Concrete in Pampanga?

3. How to assess and validate the four criteria using questionnaires?

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The main objective of this research study is to develop a multiple-criteria decision

model for selecting the best supplier for the procurement of Ready-Mixed Concrete

(RMC) for construction management on projects within Pampanga with the

application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).

1. Identify the different valuable information such as supplier quality, management,

price and service of Ready-Mixed Concrete (RMC) for supplier selection through the

use of literature review.

2. Determine the best supplier of Ready Mixed Concrete in Pampanga using

Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).

3. Evaluating and analyzing the data gathered to determine the score’s ranking of

supplier’s criteria and the highest score will be considered the best among supplier

alternatives for the proposed decision model.

4. Determine the alternatives of the particular multiple-criteria decision model based

on the criteria quality and profiles of suppliers to have a hierarchical representation.

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 Factors of Ready Mixed Concrete in Pampanga: A Multiple-Criteria Decision
Making using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

5. Evaluate and verify the Six Sigma design process to determine the main objectives

of the contractor and management’s needs.

1.4 Research Questions / Hypothesis

There is a significance between the relationship of the criteria and the alternatives

to determine which among the suppliers is the best and affordable for the proposed

decision model.

1.5 Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 Identifying criteria  Data collection using  Determined the best
from related survey supplier of Ready
researches questionnaires Mixed Concrete in
 Determination of  Presentation of Pampanga
overall goal Analytical Hierarchy
Process in Ready
Mixed Concrete

1.6 Significance of the Study

This research study can be used as a basis in choosing a Ready Mixed Concrete

supplier within Pampanga. The research shows the importance of identifying the best

supplier of Ready Mixed Concrete. Researchers will be able to compare RMC

suppliers based on material quality, management, price, and services. As a result, this

research will support the construction industry to save time while looking for the top

suppliers in the Pampanga area. This research is regarded in choosing Ready Mixed

Concrete (RMC) suppliers with the application of Analytic Hierarchy Process as a

tool in decision making for choosing suppliers of Ready Mixed Concrete within

Pampanga. Analytic Hierarchy Process, considered as one of the classical and simple

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 Factors of Ready Mixed Concrete in Pampanga: A Multiple-Criteria Decision
Making using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

processes. It is proven that this method can be utilized in decision making, and this

process is commonly used in any research (Almeida, M., 2016).

The AHP tool helps to show the priorities of each criterion and sub criteria by

ratings to evaluate and present the priorities of each alternative by the questionnaire

and making pairwise comparisons matrix (Wutan Huatan Jisuan Jishu, June 2020).

1.7 Scope and Limitation

The scope of the research is to utilize the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to

emphasize the decision-making process in selecting a Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC)

supplier in Pampanga. This tool can be used to decide between choices and criteria

using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The construction industry can use this tool

to identify the top Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) suppliers in Pampanga. These

findings are based on previous study results (APECT, 2017). This study intends to

determine the best supplier for the procurement of Ready-Mixed Concrete, it also

involves empirical values and evidences that will contribute to the body of knowledge

when it comes to procurement based on the supplier organization pattern in

construction industry, the criteria’s used in the study are cost, quality, and

management.

The study is only confined to findings that need to be further interpreted in a

specified range, as well as the prediction of mathematical models that were

constructed and validated on the basis of the relationship sample size of each segment.

Due to a sufficient population of participants, they may be able to limit the

generalization.

1.8 Definition of Terms

RMC- Ready Mix Concrete

AHP- Analytic Hierarchy Process is a decision-aiding method

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 Factors of Ready Mixed Concrete in Pampanga: A Multiple-Criteria Decision
Making using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

MCDA - Multiple-Criteria Decision Analysis is a tool that you can apply to complex

decisions. It is most applicable to solving problems that are characterized as a choice

among alternatives.

DFSS - Design-for-Six-Sigma is used primarily for the complete re-design of a

product or process.

Pairwise comparison - is a process of comparing entities in pairs to judge which of

each entity is preferred, or has a greater amount of some quantitative property, or

whether or not the two entities are identical.

REFERENCES:

Weng, T., Lin, W., Weng, S., & Chang, K. (2017). The Study Of Choice The

Ready Mix Concrete Materials Factory Plant. DEStech Transactions on

Engineering and Technology Research, (apetc).

https://doi.org/10.12783/dtetr/apetc2017/11165

Gupta, KH., & Gaikwad A. (2020). Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for

Feasibility of Ready Mix Concrete Plant. Wutan Huatan Jisuan Jishu.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347535658

Almeida, M. (2016). Pre-Qualification Of Contractors For High-Rise Building

Projects In Philippines: A Selection Method In Construction Management

Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) As A Tool In Decision Making.

Mario Galić, Ivan Kraus (2016). Simulation Model for Scenario Optimization

of the Ready-Mix Concrete Delivery Problem

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/142804.pdf

Daxini, B. K., (Dr.) R.B. Bhatt, (. R., & Pitroda, J. (2012). An approach for

supplier selection for construction companies through analytical hierarchy

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Factors of Ready Mixed Concrete in Pampanga: A Multiple-Criteria Decision
Making using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

process. International Journal of Scientific Research, 2(5), 177-179.

https://doi.org/10.15373/22778179/may2013/60