FORENSIC SCIENCE

FINAL COACHING
KAROLINA ERIKA A. BUTED, RCRIM
1. Alden has a scar on the inside of last joint of
her middle finger that affects the dermis layer
of his friction skin. Such damage may produce
a _______.
A. Temporary destruction C. Amputation
B. Permanent destruction D. Missing
finger
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2024
2. What refers to a point of a ridge formation
located at the center, and considered as the
heart of the pattern?
A. Delta C. Pattern area
B. Core D. Ulnar Loop

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3. What prints are plain finger impressions
left in the surfaces unconsciously by a person
committing an offense?
A. Chance C. Strange
B. Visible D. Standard

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2024
4. What shall be the primary division if all
fingers are missing at birth except right and left
INDEX finger, which both are ulnar loop with a
ridge count of 9 each?
A. 29/15 C. 16/30
B. 15/29 D. 16/29

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5. In order for a pattern to be considered as
loop it should have _______ridge count.
A. 1 C. 2
B. at least 1 D. 3

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6. In primary division, what should be the
numerical value of a whorl pattern appearing
at the third block after finger number FIVE?
A. 16 C. 8
B. 4 D. 2

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2024
7. Refers to the formula derived for a
complete set of ten fingerprint patterns or the
arrangement of fingerprint record into groups
or subgroups for filing purposes.
A. Blocking out C. Fingerprinting
B. Classification D. Classification formula

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2024
8. In taking rolled impressions, the RING
fingers should be rolled:
A. Towards the body of the subject
B. To the left side
C. Away from the body of the subject
D. To the right side

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2024
9. In case of a missing finger, how shall we
interpret this in the fingerprint card?
A. The pattern of the corresponding digit of the
other hand will be taken.
B. It will be treated as plain whorl with meeting
tracing.
C. It will be treated as central pocket loop whorl
with meeting tracing.
D. Plain whorls with meeting tracing
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2024
10. In taking the fingerprint of the subject, the
examiner must see to it that he must roll the finger
of the subject from the other side of the nail to the
other, purposely?
A. To have a bigger fingerprint pattern
B. To have a clear pattern
C. Not to miss the focal terminus of fingerprint
pattern
D. Not to miss the inner terminus of fingerprint
pattern
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2024
11. In final classification, which delta of central
pocket loop whorl and plain whorl should be
selected if the patterns originate at the left
hand?
A. Left C. Right
B. Both left and right D. Any of these

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2024
12. It is the division which is represented by
capital and small letters?
A. Primary division C. Secondary division
B. Sub secondary division D. Major division

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13. Split thumb, webbed or grown together
fingers are called?
A. Inner C. Outer
B. Exceptional D. Polydactyly

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2024
14. When a loop pattern has an even number
of bars (2 bars) inside the looping ridge, which
of these will be selected as core?
A. The one that is nearest to the delta
B. On the Shoulder of the innermost sufficient
recurve
C. The one that is farther from the delta
D. On the endpoint of ridge nearest to the delta
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2024
15. If the primary classification is 17/17, it
means the whorl can be found on:
A. Left thumb and index only
B. Left little and right middle only
C. Right thumb and right index only
D. Right middle and right little only

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16. The first criminal conviction in the
Philippines based on fingerprint was:
A. People vs. Medina C. People vs.
Camacho
B. People vs. Galit D. People vs. Corral

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2024
17. Considered to be one of the most infallible
means of Identification?
A. DNA fingerprinting
B. Odontology
C. Fingerprint Identification
D. Photography

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18. In interpreting the loop type pattern in
major division, what numerical value is
assigned to small in left thumb?
A. 1 to 10 C. 1 to 11
B. 1 to 18 D. 1 to 12

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19. This division in fingerprint classification is
placed at extreme left corner of the
classification line:
A. Final C. Key
B. Major D. Secondary

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2024
20. It refers to the number of ridges that
appears between the tracing ridge and the
right delta of a whorl pattern?
A. Ridge Count C. Intervening Ridge
B. Incipient ridge D. Ridge tracing

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2024
21. The identity of two impressions is
established primarily through:
A. Unexplained similarity of the pattern
B. Dimensions of the pattern
C. Ridge characteristics and relative position of
these ridge characteristics
D. By classification formula

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2024
22. A type of ridge, which is excluded in ridge
counting:
A. Incipient / NASCENT RIDGE C.
Short ridge
B. Ending ridge D. Bifurcating

Requirement: THICK AND HEAVY AS OTHER RIDGES

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2024
23. What subdivision of whorls whereby a
tracing ridge goes outside(BELOW) the right
delta and there are two intervening ridges:
A. Inner C. Meeting
B. Outer D. Island

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2024
24. What principle in fingerprint identification
that cannot be questioned after investigation?
A. Fingerprinting is accessible
B. No two persons have identical fingerprint
C. All crimes can be solved thru fingerprinting
D. Fingerprinting is accepted worldwide

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2024
25. What PRINCIPLE in fingerprint identification
is not determined by its general shape or
pattern only?
A. Infallibility
B. Credibility
C. Permanency
D. Individuality

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2024
26. Which of the following statements that can
best describe loop pattern?
A. One (1) core at the point of divergence
B. It has bifurcation as the delta
C. Presence of one (1) sufficient recurving
ridge
D. No bifurcation is found

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2024
27. In fingerprint classification, what symbolizes
the letter “W” consisting of one or more ridges
that tend to make a complete circuit?
A. Loops
B. Plain whorl
C. Double loop whorl
D. Ridges

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2024
28. What pattern is NOT included in an
accidental whorl type pattern?
A. Ulnar loop
B. Plain arch
C. Plain whorl
D. Tented arch

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29. What is the easiest method in preserving a
fingerprint using powder in order to stick to the
oil of the fingerprint?
A. Lifting
B. Sealing
C. Drying
D. Dusting

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2024
30. Who was the French criminologist that
invented the first scientific approach to identify
criminals?
A. Alphonse Bertillon
B. Edward Galton
C. Edmond Locard
D. James Herschel

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31. What pattern is considered when a loop is
NOT available for key classification?
A. Tented arch
B. Whorl
C. Ridges
D. Delta

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32. What kind of FINGERPRINT is found in soft
and sticky objects such as wax that be
presented in court?
A. Visible
B. Abstract
C. Semi-visible/plastic prints
D. Invisible

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2024
33. What DIVISION is composed of the pattern
types present in the index fingers, the number 2
and number 7?
A. Sub-secondary
B. Tertiary
C. Secondary
D. Primary

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2024
34. Most of the time, a suspect will leave
behind evidence known as latent print which
are made up of what substance?
A. Furrows of the skin
B. Sweat and oil of the skin’s surface
C. Ridge formation
D. Ridges of the skin

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2024
35. What is a single ridge that curves back to
the direction from where it started?
A. Ending
B. Diverging
C. Recurving
D. Appendage

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36. You saw a Crime Scene Investigator
carrying a Ninhydrin solution, what evidence do
you think that the Investigator is looking for?
A. Bullet
B. Fingerprint
C. Blood
D. Semen

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37. Friction ridge starts to develop its
arrangement at _____.
A. Infant
B. Immediately after birth
C. 4 months
D. 5 months

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38. In the illustration, which of the following
depicts typelines?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 2 or 3

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39. What type of fingerprint pattern in the
illustration if it is from the Left Hand?
A. Radial Loop
B. Tented Arch
C. Plain Whorl
D. Ulnar Loop

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40. On the illustration, which of the following
may considered as CORE?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D

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41. Which of the following is the ridge ending?
A.

B.

C.

D.

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42. In fingerprint classification, what should be
the major division if all fingers from the right
hand are radial loop patterns and with the
ridge count of 18, while the left fingers were all
missing at birth:
A. M/M
B. L/L
C. M/L
D. L/M
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2024
43. In major classification, which table would
you use for right thumb if the left thumb has a
ridge count of seventeen.
A. Table 1/a
B. Table 2/b
C. Any of the above
D. None of the above

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2024
44. What shall be the complete classification
formula if the right fingers are all radial loop,
all with the ridge count of 10, and the left
fingers are all amputated.
A. 10 1 OII rR3r 10
B. 10 M III RRR 10
C. 10 S 1 rR3r OII 10
D. M M MMM 10
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45. A system of Identification best used in case
of burned body.
a. Fingerprint c. Skeletal Identification
b. Odontology d. Photography

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2024
46. Is the distance of recognition in broad
daylight of a person who is almost a stranger?
a. 100 yrds
b. 25 yrds
c. 16-17 yrds
d. 10-13 yrds

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2024
47. The diagonal sign / means ________.
a. right hand ulnar c. left hand radial
b. left hand ulnar d. none

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48. The fingerprint card used in recording the
subject print has a size of:
a. 8 1/2” x 8 ½” c. 8” x 8”
b. 9” x 9” d. 10” x 10”

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2024
49. One of the cardinal rule in taking of
fingerprints of the subject is that fingers must
be:
a. Healthy c. Dry
b. Moisten d. Oily

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50. In taking the fingerprints of the subject the
technician must advice the subject to:
A. Help him C. Relax
B. Close his eyes D. Stand straight

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2024
51. In major division, what should be the
interpretation of a whorl pattern having a
tracing ridge that goes above the right delta,
and with an intervening ridge of one?
A. Inner C. Meeting
B. Outer D. Exceptional

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2024
52. In recording the fingerprints of the subject,
the technician must see to it that subject’s
fingers are:
A. Wet and clean C. Clean and huge
B. Clean and dry D. Amputated

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2024
53. That part of the friction skin between the
epidermis and dermis layer which responsible
for the ridge formation
a. Generating layer c. Dermal papillae
b. Sweat glands d. Dermis Papillary

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54. Is a point along the recurving ridge in which
the ridge curves inward?
a. sufficient recurve c. appendage
b. obstruction ridge d. shoulder of loop

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2024
55. What is the rule where there are two or more
possible bifurcation deltas which conform to the
definition of delta?
A. the one nearest the core should be chosen
B. the one away from the core should be counted
C. the one which does not open towards the core
is counted
D. the one towards the core should be counted

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2024
56. In case of double thumb of the same size what
should be the course of action in classifying them.
A. Take both pattern and classify.
B. Classify only the outer thumb
C. Classify only the inner thumb
D. Print them together on the block and classify.

If diff size à larger

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57. What division will be left blank in the
classification formula if all fingers are missing.
a. Major and Final Division
b. Major and sub-secondary
c. Key and Major Division
d. key and final Division

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2024
58. In the course of the tracing of a whorl
pattern, once the tracing splits into two
branches the tracing will proceed on the
a. The next ridge counting below the bifurcation
ridge
b. The upper line of the bifurcation
c. on the lower line of the splits
d. The next ridge just below
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2024
59. In the classification line, the order should be
A. primary, secondary, subsecondary, final, key,
major
B. major, key, primary, secondary, subsecondary
final
C. key, major, primary, secondary,
subsecondary, final
D. primary, secondary, subsecondary, major, key,
final
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60. All, except one, are symbols use for
blocking.
A. Slant to the right C. Slant to the left
B. W for plain whorls D. Dash (-) for arches

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61. Milo has been observed by his classmates
walking wherein his steps are short, feet are
dragged, and legs are held widely apart. This
characteristic of walking is known as ________.
a. Ataxic gait
b. Cow’s gait
c. Paretic gait
d. spastic gait

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62. A person’s height ceases to increase after
the age of ________.
a. 18
b. 20
c. 23
d. 25

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63. Which of the following is conclusive
evidence of sex?
a. Social test
b. Gonadal test
c. Genital test
d. All of the above

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64. This is considered as the practical application
of science of fingerprints.
a. Dactyloscopy
b. Dactylography à STUDY OF FINGERPRINTS FOR
IDENTIFICATION
c. Dactylomancy à FORM OF DIVINATION à using
fingers
Palmistry à foretelling one’s future using the palm
d. Dermatoglyphics
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65. This is the pattern found at the heel of a
foot.
a. Ball zone
b. Plantar zone
c. Calcar zone
d. Tibial zone

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66. In China, fingerprints were known as
________.
a. Tegata à PALM PRINTS à JAPAN
b. Lo and Ki
c. Hua Chi
d.Te In Shi

LO – WHORLS
KI - LOOPS
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2024
67. It is a skeletal finger covered with friction
skin.
a. Dermal papillae
b. Phalange
c. Palmar
d. Plantar

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68. This sweat gland is responsible for the
formation of sweat in the palms and soles.
a. Sweat pores
b. Sweat duct
c. Eccrine glands
d. Apocrine glands

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69. Regarding the picture, A and B are known
as __________.
a. Pattern area
b, Type lines
c. Recurving ridge
d. Diverging ridge

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70. Regarding the picture above, C is
considered as the __________.
a. Core
b. Bifurcation
c. Delta
d. Focal point

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71. Regarding the picture, A is known as
_______.
a. Spur
b. Bifurcation
c. Trifurcation
d. Diverging ridge

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72. Regarding the picture, B is known as
_______.
a. Spur
b. Converging ridge
c. Diverging ridge
d. Bifurcation

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73. Regarding the picture, _______ will be
used as the core.
a. A
b. B
c. D
d. T

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74. Regarding the picture above, _______ will
be used as the delta.
a. A
b. B
c. D
d. T

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75. Regarding the picture, _______ will be
chose as the core.
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

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76. Regarding the picture above, A, B, C, and D,
are ridge characteristics which are known as
________.
a. rod
b. dot
c. envelope
d. appendage

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77. Regarding the picture above, the innermost
recurve is considered as a sufficient recurve.
a. True
b. False
c. Partly true
d. Partly false

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78. With regards in the preceding number, what is
the best reason for your answer?
a. It is free from appendage.
b. Even there is appendage, it is still considered as a
sufficient recurve.
c. The presence of appendage makes it an
insufficient recurve.
d. The presence of obstruction makes it an
insufficient recurve.
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79. Regarding the picture above, A is known
as the __________.
a. Obstruction
b. Short ridge
c. Appendage
d. Envelope

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80. In performing ridge counting, delta and
core are both counted.
a. True
b. False
c. Yes
d. No

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81. If all 10 fingers are amputated or missing
at birth, the fingerprint classification will be
______.
a. M32WMMM
b. W32MWWW
c. W32WMMM
d. M32MWWW

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2024
82. The person taking the fingerprints should
stand to the _______ of the subject when
printing the right hand.
a. right
b. left
c. center
d. either of the above

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2024
83. When printing both right and left hand, the
positions of both the subject and operator
should be __________.
a. natural
b. relaxed
c. either a or b
d. neither a nor b

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2024
84. In cases of split thumbs, ______ joint is
considered.
a. Inner
b. Outer
c. Both
d. All of the above

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2024
85. What kind of lighting should be used in
those cases in which the ridge detail is fairly
clear and there are no wrinkles present?
a. Side lighting
b. Direct Lighting
c. transmitted lighting
d. reflected lighting

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2024
86. When the imaginary line touched a
bifurcation, ______ ridge count/s will be
given.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 0
d. either of the above

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2024
87. The process of tracing the ridges
intervening between the tracing ridge and the
_____ delta.
a. right delta
b. left delta
c. either right or left
d. center delta

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2024
88. When the ridge that is being traced is a
bifurcation, always follow the _________
branch until the tracing is completed.
a. upper
b. lower
c. either upper or lower
d. center

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2024
89. The delta and core are included when
counting intervening ridges.
a. true
b. false
c. yes
d. no

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2024
90. What fingers belong to the 3rd pair in
primary classification?
a. right thumb, right index
b. right middle, right ring
c. right little, left thumb
d, left index, left middle

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2024
91. The secondary classification of the thumb,
middle, ring, and little fingers must be written
in small letters.
a. true
b. false
c. partially true
d. partially false

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2024
92. Fingerprint patterns are _________, as
all fingerprint experts agree.
a. always inherited
b. sometimes inherited
c. never inherited
d. it’s genetic

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2024
93. If the ridge count of a loop in the index
finger is eleven (11), what must be the symbol
for purposes of sub-secondary classification?
a. I
b. M
c. O
d. L

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2024
94. What is the finger 3 blocks after finger
number 4?
a. Right index
b. Right ring
c. Left index
d. Left middle

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2024
95. If an appendage is present between the
shoulders of a loop (innermost recurve), the
one being considered for purposes of locating
the core is _________.
a. next loop outside with no appendage
b. next loop inside
c. the same loop even with an appendage
d. next loop outside with appendage

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2024
96. The condition before fragments and dots
are counted.
a. they must be touched or cut by the
imaginary line
b. they must be as thick and heavy as other
ridges
c. they must be in the line of flow
d. they must be found inside the pattern area

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2024
97. This is the process of counting the ridges
touched/crossed by the imaginary lines when it
is drawn between the delta and the core.
a. Core tracing
b. Ridge counting
c. Ridge tracing
d. intervening tracing

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2024
98. The symbol used in blocking when the left
index is finger is a radial loop.
a. /
b. \
c. R
d. any of the above

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2024
99. The greater the number of points of
similarities and dissimilarities of two persons
compared, the greater the probability for the
conclusion to be correct. What is this Law called?
A. Law of Multiplicity of Evidence in Identification
B. Identification by Comparison and Exclusion
C. Law of Super Imposition
D. All of these

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2024
100. In taking fingerprints of a dead body with
stiff fingers of a clenched fist, impressing shall
be made using an aid such as _____.
a. Fingerprint roller
b. Fingerprint card
c. Spatula
d. Scissors

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2024
101. As an investigator being assigned in a
homicide case, in photographing the crime scene,
what kind of view can provide best feature the
physical evidence existing at the crime scene?
a. Medium
b. Close up
c. Extreme close-up
d. General view

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2024
102. An intelligence police officer was commanded to
make a stake out surveillance photography. However,
when he tried to take some photographs, he cannot get
closer to the subject of surveillance. To avoid this
dilemma, among the following, what is the best kind of
lens that must be used?
a. Normal lens
b. Wide angle lens
c. Telephoto lens
d. Zoom lens
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2024
102. An intelligence police officer was commanded to
make a stake out surveillance photography. However,
when he tried to take some photographs, he cannot get
closer to the subject of surveillance. To avoid this
dilemma, among the following, what is the best kind of
lens that must be used?
a. Normal lens
b. Wide angle lens
c. Telephoto lens
d. Zoom lens
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2024
103. What is the range of distance from the
nearest object to the farthest object that is
sharp when the lens is set or focuses on a
particular distance?
a. Diaphragm opening
b. Hyper focal distance
c. Focal length
d. Depth of field

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2024
104. What is that process of obtaining photographic
magnification of minute objects by using a camera
attached to a compound microscope?
a. Microfilming
b. Macro photography à TAKING A LARGE PHOTO OF
A SMALL OBJECT USING A MACRO LENS
c. Photo micrography
d. Photomacrography à SAME WITH MACROPHOTOG

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2024
104. What is that process of obtaining photographic
magnification of minute objects by using a camera
attached to a compound microscope?
a. Microfilming
b. Macro photography à TAKING A LARGE PHOTO OF
A SMALL OBJECT USING A MACRO LENS
c. Photo micrography
d. Photomacrography à SAME WITH MACROPHOTOG

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2024
105. Which of the following document problems
that sidelight/oblique photography must be
applied
a. Erasures
b. Invisible writings
c. Watermarks
d. Stamped out writing

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2024
106. Among the following, what is that
photographic rays that have a wavelength of
30-400 nanometers?
a. X-rays (0.1-30)
b. Visible light (400-700)
c. Infrared rays
d. Ultra-violet rays

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2024
107. A document examiner is attempting to determine
the original writing that was made not readable and not
legible to the eye due to the used of superimposing ink.
What is the appropriate photographic ray that must be
used to examine such questioned writings?
a. X-ray
b. Infrared rays
c. Ultra-violet rays à INVISIBLE WRITING
d. Flash bulb

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2024
108. What is that distance from the optical
center of the lens to the film when the lens is
focused at infinity?
a. Focusing scale
b. Focal length
c. Focal distance
d. Depth of field

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2024
109. What type of PHOTOGRAPHY wherein the
process that records the glow or visible light
given off by certain substances when they are
irradiated by ultraviolet rays?
a. Luminescence
b. Photofluorescence
c. Luminuflorence
d. Fluorescence

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2024
110. What is that type of lens defects in which
light of various wavelength are focus on
irregular proportion, as this produces color
blurredness in photographs?
a. Chromatic aberration
b. Lateral aberration
c. Astigmatism
d. Distortion

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2024
111. When an investigator intended to record the
crime scene through the application of
photography, to obtain a general view of the scene
of the crime we used a camera at what level?
a. Elevated
b. Eye level
c. Bird’s eye view
d. Worm’s eye view

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2024
112. When a photographer especially in crime
photography must get the widest depth of field.
Among the following lens opening, what kind of
diaphragm opening must one used to get the wider
depth of field?
a. F-22
b. F-5.6
c. F-16
d. F-11
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2024
113. What are the objects that allow sufficient
light to pass through?
a. Transparent
b. Phosphorescence
c. Luminescence
d. Translucent

BUTED AUGUST
2024
114. The speed of the film has different
method to measure, among the following, it
can be determined through its:
a. ASA rating
b. Spectral sensitivity
c. Emulsion content
d. Contrast

BUTED AUGUST
2024
116. Which of the following film has longest
spectral sensitivity?
a. Blue sensitive film
b. Panchromatic film
c. Orthochromatic
d. Infrared film

BUTED AUGUST
2024
117. What is that process of omitting an object
from the negative during enlarging process?
a. Dodging
b. Vignetting à GRADUAL FADING OF THE
SIDES OF THE IMAGE
c. Burning-in à ADDING OF EXPOSURE
d. Cropping à DURING PRINTING

BUTED AUGUST
2024
118. What kind of light action when there is
change in the direction of the light when
passing from one medium to another due to
sudden change in the speed of light is
called_____.
a. Reflection
b. Refraction
c. Diffraction
d. Absorption
BUTED AUGUST
2024
119. What is the type of daylight wherein objects
in open area casts a black shadow when seen in
the photograph is called?
a. Cloudy dull sunlight
b. Hazy sunlight
c. Cloudy sunlight
d. Bright sunlight

BUTED AUGUST
2024
120. In order to be admitted in court as
evidence, it must have probable value to the
case, aside from relevance, what is the other
basic requirement?
a. Paper size
b. Color
c. Texture
d. Authenticity

BUTED AUGUST
2024
121. What camera accessory is designed to
effectively augment the adverse lighting
condition of the object being photograph?
a. Spotlight
b. Incandescent bulb
c. Fluorescent light
d. Flash units

BUTED AUGUST
2024
122. In police photography, in order to show the details
of the crime by taking the individual photograph of
every evidence of the scene of the crime. What type of
lens is used by police investigators?
a. Twin lens
b. Telephoto lens
c. Single lens reflex (SINGLE LENS REFLEX CAMERA)
d. Zoom lens à MACRO ZOOM LENS (variable focal
length)
BUTED AUGUST
2024
123. What part of a digital-single-lens reflex
(DSLR) that converts the light into electrical
signal at the start of forming digital image?
a. Charged-coupled device
b. Digital signal processor
c. Analogue-to-digital converter
d. Central processor

BUTED AUGUST
2024
124. What must be included photographing the
evidence in order to determine the exact size?
a. Wires
b. Scale
c. Illustration
d. Drawing

BUTED AUGUST
2024
125. A police investigator must know that he
can freeze a moving object to help him visualize
its position at any given moment, what kind of
shutter will produce the image?
a. Fast
b. Slow
c. Normal
d. General

BUTED AUGUST
2024
126. When MUST investigators place evidence
markers while taking photographs?
a. Before taking shot
b. Do not place evidence markers
c. After and shoot again
d. After taking shots

BUTED AUGUST
2024
127. When the lighting in the crime scene is not
enough produce the desired image for
investigation, what can an investigator do?
a. Change the bulb
b. Change the camera
c. Use a flash
d. Return to the base

BUTED AUGUST
2024
128. What are useful in supplying significant
view with exact measurement of crime scene
and location where crime occurred?
a. Police exhibits
b. Printed material
c. Photographs
d. Photographs

BUTED AUGUST
2024
129. What is the first setting a photographer
considers when photographing anything at the
crime scene in order because it controls the
focus?
a. Shutter
b. Cable release
c. View finder
d. Aperture

BUTED AUGUST
2024
130. What part of a camera with central
aperture is adjustable for its size in the amount
of light to enter the lens or optical system?
a. Diaphragm
b. Shutter speed dial
c. Shutter
d. Shutter release

BUTED AUGUST
2024
131. What is the photographical process that
will aid an investigator on how to handle and
what environmental condition is needed for
presentation?
a. Identification
b. Keeping
c. Keeping
d. Collection

BUTED AUGUST
2024
132. What type of lens can be used to take very
close up image of small evidence such as tool
marks or trace evidence?
a. Normal
b. Micro
c. Focusing
d. Macro

BUTED AUGUST
2024
133. In police photography, in order to show the
details of the crime by taking the individual
photography of every evidence at the scene of
the crime, what type of LENS is used by the
police investigations?
a. Telephoto
b. Single
c. Zoom
d. Double
BUTED AUGUST
2024
134. If investigations mark new evidence, the
whole series of shots including all the evidence
shots, what MUST the investigators do?
a. No need to re-shoot
b. Re-shoot for new evidence
c. Secure the area
d. Collect all the evidence

BUTED AUGUST
2024
135. What is the degree of DIFFERENCE
between two colors or between the lightest
lights or the darkest darks in an image?
a. Distinction
b. Contrast
c. Variance
d. Disparity

BUTED AUGUST
2024
136. In taking photograph on tool marks
evidence for court presentation, what is the
BEST film to use to provide more contrast and
details?
a. Black-and-White
b. Color positive
c. Color reversal
d. Color

BUTED AUGUST
2024
137. compression process to significantly
reduce the image file size making them easier
to store and load on webpages.
a. CMOS
b. ETAL
c. JPEG
d. BIT

BUTED AUGUST
2024
138. Photographing of object directly enlarge
to the negative and magnified from 1 to 9x?
a. Wide Angle Lens
b. Microphotography à reduced image
Photomicrography à attach camera à
compound microscope (50x)
c. Telephotography
d. Macrophotography/photomacrography

BUTED AUGUST
2024
138. Photographing of object directly enlarge
to the negative and magnified from 1 to 9x?
a. Wide Angle Lens
b. Microphotography à reduced image
Photomicrography à attach camera à
compound microscope (50x)
c. Telephotography
d. Macrophotography/photomacrography

BUTED AUGUST
2024
139. A type of a lens that would make an object
to be exaggeratedly close to the photographer
and is ideal in stake out surveillance
photography?
a. Wide Angle Lens
b. Normal Focus Lens
c. Telephoto Lens
d. Zoom Lens

BUTED AUGUST
2024
140. The image forming device. It is used to
(collect, transmit) focus the light coming from
the subject?
a. Shutter à controls the exposure (time)
b. Lens / light gathering mechanism
c. Film à sensitized material
d. Camera à camera body --> light tight box
(does not allow light to enter the camera body)

BUTED AUGUST
2024
141. What will you use if you are going to
capture an image using a light?
a. c.

c. d.

BUTED AUGUST
2024
142. Is a type of an artificial light which makes
sympathetic inks visible?
a. ultra-violet
b. infra-red
c. transparent light
d. oblique light

BUTED AUGUST
2024
143. What problem is usually encountered by a
photographer in using a flash unit?
a. neutral density
b. synchronization
c. prospective
d. Parallax

BUTED AUGUST
2024
144. Which film is the most sensitive to light?
a. ASA 1000
b. ASA 100
c. ASA 200
d. ASA 400

The higher the number, the more sensitive it is

to light

BUTED AUGUST
2024
145. What photo paper according to its chemical
content is best suited for police photography?
a. Chloride paper à contact printing (size of
the negative is the same size with thr positive print)
b. Chloro-bromide à contact and projection
printing
c. Bromide paper à projection printing,
enlarge the size of the negative
d. Iodide paper
BUTED AUGUST
2024
146. A convex lens is capable of _______.
a. reducing the object
b. making the object appear hairy
c. enlarging the object
d. reducing the size of the picture

Convex à positive à converging lens

à Thicker at the center and thinner at the side
à It forms an inverted image
BUTED AUGUST
2024
147. What type of a lens is used in a simplest and
cheapest
a. rapid rectilinear lens à corrects distortion
b. meniscus lens
c. anastigmat lens à corrects astigmatism
d. achromatic lens à corrects chromatic
aberration
Apochromatic lens à astigmatism and chromatic

BUTED AUGUST
2024
148. What kind of diaphragm opening should
a photographer use in order to get a wider
depth of field?
a. wider
b. shorter
c. smaller
d. Longer

BUTED AUGUST
2024
149. What is the range of distance from the
nearest object to the farthest object that is
sharp when the lens is set or focused at a
particular distance?
a. focal length
b. depth of field
c. hyperfocal distance --> nearest distance
that can produce a wide depth of field
d. Focusing
BUTED AUGUST
2024
150. The determining factor of the size of an
image as well as the area of coverage of a
given camera lens is the?
a. focal length
b. Diaphragm opening
c. hyper-focal distance
d. Depth of field

BUTED AUGUST
2024
151. What is the usual time of fixing of a
negative or a photograph?
a. five to six minutes
b. ten to fifteen twelve
c. one to one and half minutes
d. twenty to thirty minutes

BUTED AUGUST
2024
152. Is the reducers or the developing agents.
a. Elon, Hydroquinone
b. sodium sulfate
c. sodium carbonate
d. potassium bromide

BUTED AUGUST
2024
153. How much light will the combination of
1/125(SHUTTER SPEED), f-4 (APERTURE) has
compared to 1/250, f-5.6.
a. equal
b. 2 times
c. four times
d. 6 times

BUTED AUGUST
2024
154. Is that part of the sensitized which is
sensitive to light.
a. emulsion
b. Anti halation
c. base
d. Coating

SENSITIZED MATERIAL à SENSITIVE TO LIGHT

FILM AND PHOTOPAPER
BUTED AUGUST
2024
155. A black and white films possess several
characteristics such as speed, spectral and
granularity. The speed will be referring to the
sensitivity of the film to light and the spectral is the
sensitivity to
a. Film Speed
b. Wavelength
c. Electromagnetic Energy
d. all of these
BUTED AUGUST
2024
156. Pedro was taking a snapshot and expecting
it to be sharp but an alteration happened to the
expected image because it can be seen in two
viewpoints. What is that phenomenon?
a. out of focus
b. coincidence
c. parallax
d. split image

BUTED AUGUST
2024
157. Which of the following supports the entire
unit of the enlarger, which usually holds the
easel that carries the photographic paper?
a. Focusing mechanism
b. Condenser lenses
c. Baseboard
d. Elevating control knob

BUTED AUGUST
2024
158. The imprints of shoes, foot, slippers or sandals
are often found at or near crime scenes. The
impressions should be photographed _______
reproductions are made by plasters cast or dental
stone.
a. before
b. after
c. before and after
d. during
BUTED AUGUST
2024
159. When photographing visible latent print
found on glass, it must be photographed
________ applying powder on it.
a. before
b. after
c. before and after
d. during

BUTED AUGUST
2024
160. Refers to the taking in of light by the
material. Following the law of conservation of
energy, such light taken in is not lost but
merely transformed into heat.
a. Diffraction
b. somnambulism
c. absorption
d. convection
BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
161. The images above are photographs using
different lens focal length. Which among the
following used a telephoto lens?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

BUTED AUGUST
2024
162. Which among them used a macro lens?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

BUTED AUGUST
2024
163. Which among the following used a
wide-angle lens?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

BUTED AUGUST
2024
164. Which among the following used a
fisheye lens?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
165. This lens defect causes double reflection
from inner lens surface., misty haze, or cloudy
semicircular patch of light and is also called as
ghost-image.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
BUTED AUGUST
2024
166. This is a form of lens defect in which the
horizontal and vertical axis are not equally
magnified and is also known as pointlessness.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

BUTED AUGUST
2024
167. The image no. 2 is a form of distortion.
Distortion is not a defect in sharpness but a
defect in _______.
a. color
b. focus
c. shape
d. wavelength

BUTED AUGUST
2024
168. The image no. 2 is a form of _______
distortion.
a. pincushion
b. barrel
c. permanent
d. color

BUTED AUGUST
2024
169. This is the inability of the lens to focus
light passing the side of the lens producing an
image that is sharp at the center and blurred
at the side.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
170. The image shown above taken by Ms.
Rose shows a different depth of field. No. 1
shows a _____ depth of field while no. 2
shows a _______ depth of field.
a. Deep; Shallow
b. Shallow; Deep
c. Shallow; Shallow
d. Deep; Deep
BUTED AUGUST
2024
171. In order to achieve the depth of field of no.
1, Ms. Rose used a _________ lens opening.

a. Small
b. Large
c. Either small or large
d. Neither small or large

BUTED AUGUST
2024
172. In order to achieve the depth of field of
no. 2,Ms. Rose used a _______ f-number.

a. larger
b. smaller
c. 0
d. negative

BUTED AUGUST
2024
173. In testifying, the photographer’s purpose
should be to defend his photograph.
a. true
b. false
c. it depends
d. sometimes

BUTED AUGUST
2024
174. Bite marks should be photographed
using _________ with and without a
measuring device at the crime scene and also
the morgue.
a. infrared lighting
b. oblique lighting
c. transmitted lighting
d. ultraviolet lighting
BUTED AUGUST
2024
175. In a rape-homicide investigation,
_________ of the body may detect latent
bite marks since hemorrhaging can occur in
tissue under the skin
a. infrared photography
b. UV photography
c. transmitted light photography
d. oblique light photography
BUTED AUGUST
2024
176. This photo paper is generally used for
large prints because they stand up better
rough treatment.
a. Light Weight
b. Single Weight
c. Medium weight
d. Double weight

BUTED AUGUST
2024
177. During the development process, this
prevents stain and makes the developing
solution more stable and longer lasting.
a. Hydroquinone à DEVELOPER
b. Sodium Carbonate à ACCELERATOR
c. Sodium Sulfite
d. Potassium Bromide à RESTRAINER

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Preservatives – Sodium Sulfite and Sodium Bisulfite

Restrainers – Potassium Bromide – restrains the

action of the exposed areas of the film and permits
control of density and contrast.

FIXING CHEMICALS
Sodium thiosulfate – basic chemical commonly
called “hypo: is the one which dissolves the
unexposed silver halides

BUTED AUGUST
2024
178. This chemical restrains the action of the
exposed areas of the film and permits control
of density and contrast.
a. Hydroquinone
b. Sodium Carbonate
c. Sodium Sulfite
d. Potassium Bromide

BUTED AUGUST
2024
179. ASA 100 and below is considered as
_______ film according to sensitivity.
a. Slow
b. Medium
c. Fast
d. Ultra-fast

BUTED AUGUST
2024
180. ASA ____ is best used for taking secret
pictures at night.
a. 25
b. 100
c. 400
d. 2000

BUTED AUGUST
2024
181. This type of developer is a high contrast
formula and is suitable for the development
of film exposed under dull or hazy light
conditions.
a. D-19
b. D-50
c. D-76
d. None of the above
BUTED AUGUST
2024
182. Shutter setting used that makes the
shutter open while the shutter release button
is pressed.
a. Fast
b. Slow
c. B-setting
d. T-setting

BUTED AUGUST
2024
183. This film speed system is used by the
German standard organization and is based
on a logarithmic scale. A change of +3 in
rating indicates a doubling film speed.
a. ASA à ARITHMETIC SCALE
b. DIN
c. ISO
d. AMA
BUTED AUGUST
2024
184. An opaque tube that prevents unwanted
light from falling in lens surface.
a. Shutter
b. Tripod
c. Lens hood
d. Camera box

BUTED AUGUST
2024
185. This is an optical focus-assistance device that
displays an image divided into two. When the
image is out of focus, the two halves of the image
are separated; when in focus, the halves line up to
form a single image.
a. Ground glass
b. Rangefinder
c. Split type rangefinder
d. Superimposed type rangefinder
BUTED AUGUST
2024
185. This is an optical focus-assistance device that
displays an image divided into two. When the
image is out of focus, the two halves of the image
are separated; when in focus, the halves line up to
form a single image.
a. Ground glass
b. Rangefinder
c. Split type rangefinder
d. Superimposed type rangefinder
BUTED AUGUST
2024
186. What is the study that deals with the
application of the chemistry to criminal
investigation which focuses on the analysis of
substances connected to crime investigation?
a. Biochemistry
b. Organic Chemistry
c. Forensic Science
d. Forensic Chemistry

BUTED AUGUST
2024
187. What is the possible result when a test is
applied to determine the presence of semen in
the underwear of a rape victim?
a. Orange-red pigment
b. White color pigments
c. Bright red crystals will appear
d. Slender yellowish crystals à barberio’s
test

BUTED AUGUST
2024
188. When hair is present in the crime scene,
investigators can determine the identity of the
criminal by evaluating hair structure and DNA
from cells attached to what PART of the hair?
a. Shaft
b. Root
c. Tip
d. Medulla

BUTED AUGUST
2024
189. What is a METHOD in determining the
identity of soil sample collected from crime
scene and soil found in the shoes of the suspect
to separate the soil from other materials?
a. Ouchterlony
b. Burning
c. Density Gradient
d. Acid-Phosphates

BUTED AUGUST
2024
190. When a rape case is being investigated,
investigators know that SOMETHING IS LEFT in the
crime scene, presence of semen is possible, what
test can be applied to determine the presence?
a. Acid-phosphatase
b. Phenolphthalein
c. Paraffin
d. Density gradient

BUTED AUGUST
2024
191. Which of the following METHODS in hair
analysis is NOT included?
a. Benzidine
b. Dry mount
c. Parallel mounting
d. Wet mount

BUTED AUGUST
2024
192. Which of the following TEST is applied
when forensic experts want to determine if the
blood being examined is of human or non-
human?
a. Blood grouping
b. Confirmatory
c. Preliminary
d. Precipitin

BUTED AUGUST
2024
193. When the positive result in screening test
of blood is BLUE, what test was applied?
a. Wazenhear
b. Takayama
c. Gualacum
d. Hemin Crystal

BUTED AUGUST
2024
194. In order to determine the racial origin of the
suspect hair strands left in the crime scene after
microscopic and physical examinations, why is it that
the forensic experts are positive that the suspect is a
black man or negro?
a. Tightly coiled medulla and contains heavy pigment
b. Straight and wavy
c. Cross section is oval, contains fine pigments
d. Lightly pigmented and the medulla is round shape

BUTED AUGUST
2024
195. When poison is taken orally, a police officer
can give substance to expel the poison brought
by vomiting. What are the substances or agents
that produce vomiting?
a. Cathartics
b. Emetic
c. Precipitants
d. Demulcents

BUTED AUGUST
2024
196. Phenolphthalein test is a presumptive test
for the presence of hemoglobin, a component of
red blood cells in blood, a positive reaction is
observed when the colorless Phenolphthalein
solution turns to what COLOR as it is oxidized?
a. Orange
b. Blue
c. Yellow
d. Pink
BUTED AUGUST
2024
197. Blood stains can be a circumstantial or
corroborative evidence collected in a crime
scene, what TEST can be applied to connect the
suspect to the case?
a. Paraffin
b. Benzidine
c. Acid-phosphate
d. Barberio’s

BUTED AUGUST
2024
198. In Florence test using potassium trioxide
to determine the presence of semen, resulting
to the formation of crystals will indicate the
presence of ________
a. Water
b. Choline
c. Blood
d. Pus

BUTED AUGUST
2024
199. In order to determine the presence and
distribution of nitrates, what TEST is applied to
prove that a person fired a gun?
a. Benzidine
b. Guaiacum
c. Diphenylamine
d. Phenolphthalein

BUTED AUGUST
2024
200. Which color of crystals that will appear to
confirm positive result in detecting blood spots
on clothing even after 20 years using
Takayama test?
a. Dark red
b. Blue-violet
c. Pink
d. Light red

BUTED AUGUST
2024
201. If the mother has a blood type of A, and
the father has a blood type of A. What is the
possible blood type of the child?
a. A
b. B
c. AB
d. O

BUTED AUGUST
2024
202. A preliminary test of blood in a solution of
1 to 300,000 dilution is?
a.Guaicum Test
b.Phenolphtalein Test
c.Benzidine Test
d.Leucomalachite Test

BUTED AUGUST
2024
203. What is the positive or visible result of
Diphenylamine Test?
a. Pink
b. Blue
c. Yellow
d. Brown

BUTED AUGUST
2024
204. The part of the hair that is most
important in DNA examination to identify the
person.
a. Root
b. Medula
c. Cortex
d. Cuticle

BUTED AUGUST
2024
205. Best sources of DNA, except?

a. saliva
b. blood
c. hair without root
d. bones

BUTED AUGUST
2024
206. In burning test or ignition test, which fiber
does not burn?
a. Vegetable fiber
b. Mineral fiber
c. Animal fiber
d. Synthetic fiber

BUTED AUGUST
2024
206. In burning test or ignition test, which fiber
does not burn?
a. Vegetable fiber
b. Mineral fiber
c. Animal fiber
d. Synthetic fiber

BUTED AUGUST
2024
207. The following are purposes of hair
examination, EXCEPT;

a. To determine whether the questioned hair

originated from animal or human origin
b. To determine whether there was a contact
between two or more individuals
c. To determine whether an individual caused a
contact to an object in question
d. To determine the cause of death of the victim
BUTED AUGUST
2024
208. Is the normal amount of semen per
ejaculation of a normal built person
a. 1.5 to 3.5 cc
b. 2.5 to 3.5 cc
c. 3.5 to 5.5 cc
d. 3.5 to 4.5 cc

BUTED AUGUST
2024
209. A black coarsely peppered pattern
observed around the gunshot wound?
a. Tattooing
b. Smudging
c. Carbon collar
d. Singeing

BUTED AUGUST
2024
210. The following can be determined in microscopic
examination for hair, EXCEPT;
a. The region from which the human hair has been
removed
b. How the hair was removed whether naturally or
forcibly
c. Whether the hair was cut with dull or sharp
instrument or was burned or crushed
d. The approximate age of the person who owns the
hair
BUTED AUGUST
2024
211. The MI of a hair specimen submitted for
analysis is 0.49, this means that it came from
______.
a. Cow
b. Human
c. Horse
d. Carabao

BUTED AUGUST
2024
212. Which of the following is the most
conclusive test for fibers?
a. Microscopic test
b. Chemical test
c. Fluorescence test
d. Burning test

BUTED AUGUST
2024
213. Fiber which when observed under the
microscope appears as flat, ribbon-like
twisted spirally left or right to its axis?
a. Wool
b. Linen
c. Hair
d. Cotton

BUTED AUGUST
2024
214. The part of the shaft where the
pigment granules are found?
a. Cortex
b. Cuticle
c. Medulla
d. Root

BUTED AUGUST
2024
215. Root, tip and shaft are the
anatomical parts of hair, which of them is
the most distinctive?
a. Shaft
b. Tip
c. Root
d. All of the choices

BUTED AUGUST
2024
216. Among the following physical
evidences, what is very resistant to
decomposition and putrefaction?
a. Blood
b. Fingerprint
c. Hair
d. Bone

BUTED AUGUST
2024
217. Gaping hole, singeing, smudging, tattooing are
the characteristic patterns observed on a gunshot
wound on the clothing of the victim submitted for
distance determination, what is the probable
distance of the shooter to the victim?
a. 0 to 2 inches or at contact C. Beyond 36 inches
b. 2 to 8 inches D. 2 to 36 inches

BUTED AUGUST
2024
218. The positive result of the Paraffin-DPA test.
a. Deep blue specks found both on the dorsal and
palmar aspects of the hands
b. Deep blue specks found on the five fingers of the
hands
c. Deep blue specks on the dorsal aspects of the
hands
d. Deep blue conglomeration on the dorsal aspects
of the hands

BUTED AUGUST
2024
219. Shall refers to any substance which, if
applied or administered internally, has the
capability to kill or to do harm?
a. Poison
b. Pathogen
c. Shock
d. Volatile substance

BUTED AUGUST
2024
220. An important tool in identification that
points to the source of biological evidence by
matching it with samples from the victim,
suspect or their relatives:
a. DNA profiling
b. Serology
c. Instrumentation
d. Forensic Sciences
BUTED AUGUST
2024
221. The human platelet belongs to that
portion of:
A. Blood C. Plasma
B. Serum D. Lymph

BUTED AUGUST
2024
222. It is considered as a universal donor.
A. Blood Group AB C. Blood Group B
B. Blood Group O D. Blood Group A

BUTED AUGUST
2024
223. Which of the following is not a visible
result for preliminary test for blood and blood
stains?
A. Blue color --> Benzidine / Guiaicum
B. Pink color à kastle meyer
C. Dark brown haemochromagen crystals
D. Green color results à leucomalachite

BUTED AUGUST
2024
224. The positive result of Barberio's test?
A. Formation of choline periodide crystals
B. Formation of a red-orange pigmentation
C. Formation of spermine picrate crystals
D. Presence of spermatozoa

BUTED AUGUST
2024
225. The fluid portion of blood which separates
when blood did not clot due to the addition of
an oxalate?
A. Serum C. Plasma
B. Body fluid D. Water

BUTED AUGUST
2024
226. If a stain is positive with the Benzidine,
Takayama and lastly, with the precipitin test,
this means that:
A. The stain is human blood
B. The stain is Group AB
C. The stain is an animal blood
D. The stain is not blood.

BUTED AUGUST
2024
227. Blood of different species can be
differentiated by what test?
A. Microscopic C. Spectroscopic
B. Microcrystalline D. All of the choices

BUTED AUGUST
2024
228. Which crystals confirm the presence of
hemoglobin in the blood?
A. Choline periodide C. Haemochromogen
B. Spermine picrate D. Precipitin

BUTED AUGUST
2024
229. It is added to blood to preserve it for one
week at room temperature.
A. Sodium fluoride C. Ethyl alcohol
B. Sodium chloride D. Formalin

BUTED AUGUST
2024
230.It is the application of various sciences to
answer questions relating to examination and
comparison of biological evidence and scientific
evidence.
A. Criminalistics C. Forensic Science
B. Forensic Chemistry D. Evidence Examination

BUTED AUGUST
2024
231.It is the major component of a glass.
A. Lime B. Soda
C. Silica D. Gel

BUTED AUGUST
2024
232 .Best used of personal identification in
cases of burned bodies is _______
A. Anthropometry B. Odontology
C. Portrait Parl D. Victimology

BUTED AUGUST
2024
233. All of the following are accurate tests for
the presence of alcohol in the human body
except one:
A. Saliva test B. Harger Breath Test
C. Fecal test D. Blood test

BUTED AUGUST
2024
234. The following are the guiding principles in
the collection of physical evidence, except;
a. Sufficiency of sample
b. Standard for comparison
c. Maintenance of individuality
d. Use of rubber gloves

BUTED AUGUST
2024
235. The chain of custody aims to establish the
following, except;
a. The date and time at which the evidence was
handled
b. Those who had contact with the evidence
c. That there are no changes made in the evidence
d. The circumstances under which the evidence was
handled

BUTED AUGUST
2024
236. It has for its characteristics as, bright scarlet in
color, with high oxygen content and leaves the blood
vessel with pressure.
a. Arterial blood c. Menstrual blood
b. Venous blood / dark red d.
Human blood

BUTED AUGUST
2024
237. In blood grouping, should there be no
agglutination with either group A or B what would be
the particular blood group of the sample?
a. Group A c. Group AB
b. Group B d. Group O

BUTED AUGUST
2024
238. Rate of growth of human hair.
a. 0.4 to 0.5 mm./day c. 0.6 to 0.6
mm./day
b. 0.5 to 0.6 mm./day d. 0.7 to 0.8
mm./day

BUTED AUGUST
2024
239. These carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of
the body.
a. Red blood cells
b. White blood cells
c. Platelets
d. Plasma

BUTED AUGUST
2024
240. A supercooled liquid which possess high viscosity
and rigidity.
A. dry ice B. cartridge case
C. gel D. glass

BUTED AUGUST
2024
241 .Under the microscope, mammalian red blood
cells are _______
a. Circular, biconcave disc without nucleus
b. Oval and nucleated
c. Circular and nucleated
d. Oval and unnucleated

BUTED AUGUST
2024
242. Kind of protein found in blood
a. Leukocytes
b. Thrombocytes
c. Globin
d. Hemo

Protein found in hair à keratin

BUTED AUGUST
2024
243. They serve as the fighting mechanism of the
body against unwanted foreign microorganisms.
a. Leukocytes
b. Thrombocytes
c. Erythrocytes
d. Serology

BUTED AUGUST
2024
244. Consists of longitudinal fibers bearing the
pigment.
a. Cuticle
b. Cortex
c. Medulla
d. Shaft

BUTED AUGUST
2024
245. If stain has been kept in damp places for long
time; hemoglobin is transformed to ______.
a. Hemoglobin
b. Hematin
c. Globin
d. RBC

BUTED AUGUST
2024
246. DNA Profiles for convicted offenders and
unidentified suspects in unsolved cases.
a. AFIS/ AUTOMATED FINGERPRINT
IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
b. IBIS à INTEGRATED BALLISTICS ID SYSTEM
c. CODIS à COMBINED DNA INDEXING SYSTEM
d. Mug files

BUTED AUGUST
2024
247. The following specimens may be examined
for seminal fluid and spermatozoa, except:
a. Wearing apparel of the victim and the alleged
accused
b. Vaginal smear from the victim
c. Stains on the body of the victim and the
accused
d. None of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
248. Through the use of the naked eye and the
hand lens, seminal stain appears ______
a. Grayish white to faint yellow
b. Bright yellow
c. Silvery appearance
d. Bluish fluorescence

BUTED AUGUST
2024
249. Cases where semen are present without
spermatozoa
a. Oligospermia à very few sperm
b. Aspermia à complete lack of semen
c. Baog
d. Azoospermia

BUTED AUGUST
2024
250. After ___ hours, no person shall be subjected
to paraffin casting.
a. 24 hrs
b. 48 hrs
c. 72 hrs
d. 100 hrs

BUTED AUGUST
2024
251. This test determines the type of pattern of
glass.
a. Spectrographic test
b. X-ray diffraction analysis
c. Physical properties examination
d. Ultraviolet light examination

BUTED AUGUST
2024
252. this is extremely sensitive to detonation by
heat, shock, friction and impact and used primarily
to start an explosion like blasting caps and
primers.
a. Low explosive
b. Primary explosive
c. Secondary Explosive
d. High explosive
INITIATING EXPLOSIVE
BUTED AUGUST
2024
253. The fastest known explosive
a. RDX (CYCLONITE) à ROYAL DEMOLITION
eXPLOSIVE
b. Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
c. Octanitrocubane à 10,100m/s
d. Straight dynamite

BUTED AUGUST
2024
254. Primary fracture resembles the spokes of a
wheel radiating outward from the point of impact.
a. Radial
b. Concentric
c. Conchoidal
d. Glass fracture

BUTED AUGUST
2024
255. What is the possible result when a test is
applied to determine the presence of semen in the
underwear of a rape victim?
a. Orange-red pigment
b. White color pigments
c. Bright red crystals will appear
d. Slender yellowish crystals

BUTED AUGUST
2024
256. What is a METHOD in determining the identity
of soil sample collected from crime scene and soil
found in the shoes of the suspect to separate the
soil from other materials?
a. Ouchterlony
b. Burning
c. Density Gradient
d. Acid-Phosphates

BUTED AUGUST
2024
257. When a rape case is being investigated,
investigators know that SOMETHING IS LEFT in the
crime scene, presence of semen is possible, what
test can be applied to determine the presence?
a. Acid-phosphatase
b. Phenolphthalein
c. Paraffin
d. Density gradient

BUTED AUGUST
2024
258. A single blow of hammer in a surface will
show a mark specifically known as ________.
a. Compression marks
b. Friction mark
c. Tool mark
d. Hammer mark

BUTED AUGUST
2024
259. How long does alcohol last in blood?
a. Up to 24 to 48 hours
b. 3-5 days
c. 10 hours
d. up to 12 hours

BUTED AUGUST
2024
260. Any agent that neutralizes a poison or
otherwise counteracts or opposes its effects.
a. Poison
b. Neutralizer
c. Medicine
d. Antidote

BUTED AUGUST
2024
261. One which by contact with it chemically
produces local destruction of tissues
a. True poison à STILL POISONOUS NO MATTER
HOW DILUTED IT IS
b. Corrosive Poison
c. Cumulative Poison à THE EFFECT OF POISON
DEPENDS ON THE AMOUNT
d. Acute Poison
BUTED AUGUST
2024
262. Fluid used to restore tampered serial
numbers.
a. Saline solution
b. Etching fluid
c. Aesthetics
d. None of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
263. A type of dose that does not cause harmful
effects.
a. Minimum dose
b. Safe dose
c. Toxic
d. Fatal dose

BUTED AUGUST
2024
264. It is a type of attacked numbers that is
pressed intendedly using electrical or mechanical
gadget.
a. Stamped number
b. Engraved number
c. Embossed number
d. Serial number

BUTED AUGUST
2024
265. Intaking of plenty of water before collection
of urine specimen or drinking herbal tea etc.
a. Internal Dilution
b. External Dilution
c. Substituted
d. Adulterated

BUTED AUGUST
2024
266. This aids in elimination of poison in the body
by causing the production of sweat.
a. Purgatives
b. Sudorifics
c. Diuretics
d. Emetics

BUTED AUGUST
2024
267. An agent that counter the reactions made by
the poisons through distillation, solvent extraction,
and chromatography.
a. Chemical Antidote
b. Mechanical antidote
c. Physiological antidote
d. Psychological antidote

BUTED AUGUST
2024
268. It is one categories of bloodstain which is
characterized through drops created or formed by
the force of gravity acting alone.
a. Contact bleeding
b. Smear
c. Smudge
d. Passive bloodstain

BUTED AUGUST
2024
269. It refers to exposure to poison and produces
immediate or instant death.
a. Chronic Poisoning
b. Acute Poisoning
c. Cumulative Poisoning
d. True poisoning

BUTED AUGUST
2024
270. The small remains of anything broken down
or destroyed.
a. Debris
b. Grime
c. Silt
d. Mud

BUTED AUGUST
2024
271. Are drops that have been put into fire flight
through some mechanisms.
a. Non-spatter
b. Spatter
c. Spurt
d. Drip trail

BUTED AUGUST
2024
272. Similar to impact spatter, but with a slight
difference. The blood source is broken up in the
mouth or system by air pressure.
a. Expirated Pattern
b. Impact Spatter
c. Drip Trail
d. Spurt

BUTED AUGUST
2024
273. This is created when a bloody object contacts
another surface often with some form of lateral
motion.
a. Gush
b. Smear
c. Pool
d. Wipe

BUTED AUGUST
2024
274. It is the brownish-black pigment in hair and
skin. It is the chemical responsible for the color of
hair.
a. Keratin
b. Melanin
c. Cortex
d. Dye

BUTED AUGUST
2024
275. This hair similar to axillary hair but are
coarse, and do not appear bleached; more wiry,
have more constriction and twist and usually have
continuous broad medulla, has many broken ends
because of clothing rubs.
a. Scalp hair
b. beard hair
c. Pubic hair
d. Trunk hair
BUTED AUGUST
2024
276. Which of the following is the major concern
when a document is being questioned?
a. Ownership
b. Quality of the paper
c. Authenticity
d. Age

BUTED AUGUST
2024
277. What is the examination of a disputed
handwriting, a discriminatory process that
compares writing habits and evaluation of
similarities and differences?
a. Identification
b. Projection
c. Comparison
d. Elimination

BUTED AUGUST
2024
278. For collecting exemplar and standard obtain
sufficient handwriting exemplars, at least
________ signatures.
a. 5 – 10
b. 20 – 30
c. 20 – 25
d. 10 – 15

BUTED AUGUST
2024
279. How do you call the rules or imaginary line in
which the writing rest?
a. Beard
b. Base
c. Vase
d. Spur

BUTED AUGUST
2024
280. When strong light directed through the two
sheets of paper either from below or behind?
a. Carbon process
b. Indention process
c. Transmitted light process
d. Oblique light process

BUTED AUGUST
2024
281. An artificial light examination best used in
deciphering obliterated writing.
a. Ultra-Violet Light
b. Infra-Red Light
c. Transmitted Light
d. Oblique Light

BUTED AUGUST
2024
282. An artificial light examination best used is
deciphering erased writing, contact writing as well
as invisible writing.
a. Transmitted Light
b. Oblique Light
c. Infra-Red Light
d. Ultra-Violet Light

BUTED AUGUST
2024
283. Which is retouching of defective portion of a
writing stroke which is common defect in
questioned documents examination?
a. Patching/ Retouching
b. Shading
c. Altering
d. Retracing
à GOING BACK OVER ANOTHER WRITING STROKE
BUTED AUGUST
2024
284. Which of the following is the Pen Emphasis?
a. A, B, C, D
b. A, B, C, D
c. A, B, C, D
d. a, b, c, d

BUTED AUGUST
2024
285. Which of the following refers to legally
admissible and authentic samples of handwriting
which is of known origin used for comparison with
a questioned writing?
a. Personal letters
b. Warrant
c. Composition
d. Exemplars

BUTED AUGUST
2024
286. What type of fraudulent SIGNATURE in which
there is no apparent attempt imitation or
simulation?
a. Evidential
b. Altered
c. Spurious
d. Forged

BUTED AUGUST
2024
287. A PNP applicant tried to manipulate his birth
certificate to qualify him for acceptance in the
service, on his application from discrepancies in a
form of some deletion and addition of numbers. What
will be the findings of this document?
a. Obliterated
b. Forged
c. Altered
d. Disputed
BUTED AUGUST
2024
288. What is NOT included when an examiner needs to
identify a particular typewriter used in questioned
document?
a. Relation of the characters and the vertical and
horizontal alignment
b. Size and design
c. Vertical position of the characters in relation to
the line of writing
d. Brand and make
BUTED AUGUST
2024
289. What is an identifying typewriter characteristics
that can be eliminated by cleaning and replacing the
ribbon?
a. Rebound
b. Transitory
c. Serif
d. Off its feet

BUTED AUGUST
2024
290. What is the RATIO of height to width
consistent in each letter?
a. Connecting
b. Size
c. Baseline
d. Line

BUTED AUGUST
2024
291. In questioned documents, what kind of
SIGNATURE is used by a forger tried to reproduce
without the knowledge of the owner of the
signature for financial gain?
a. Model
b. Real
c. Actual
d. Evidential

BUTED AUGUST
2024
292. It refers to a signature or handwriting written
by individual upon request for the purpose of
comparison with other handwriting or for
specimen purposes.
a. Post Litem Standards
b. Requested Standards/ DICTATED STANDARD
c. Collected Standards
d. Exemplars

BUTED AUGUST
2024
293. If the questioned writings are hand printed,
then get a cursive standard.
a. True
b. False
c. Partially True
d. Partially False

BUTED AUGUST
2024
294. This is usually used for the detection of
counterfeited bills but can actually be used to
detect security features of qualified document.
a. Infra-red viewer
b. Ultra-violet lamp
c. Shadowgraph
d. Transmitted Light Gadget

BUTED AUGUST
2024
295. In the history of questioned document examination,
who was the British examiner of questioned document
who said that an intelligent police investigator can detect
almost 75% of all forgeries by careful inspection of a
document with simple magnifiers and measuring tools
was;
a. Alphonse Bertillion b. Detective Allan Pinkerton
c. Dr. Wilson Harrison d. Richard Henry

BUTED AUGUST
2024
296. Contemporary handwriting standards means that
the age of the standards should be within?

a. 8 years from the date of the question document

b. 10 years prior to the date of the questioned document
c. 5 years prior to the date of the questioned document
d. 15 years prior to the date of the questioned
document

BUTED AUGUST
2024
297. The rounded inner part of an upper curve,
bend or crook of a letter.

a. Humps b. Blunt
c. Arc d. Beard

BUTED AUGUST
2024
298. It is term as “the backbone of the letter”.
Characterized by a long downward stroke.

a. Stem - staff/shank
b. Initial/terminal Spur
c. Through
d. Whirl

BUTED AUGUST
2024
299. It is an additional stroke that serves as an
ornament or artistic design to a letter which is not
relevant to a writing.

a. Embellishment
b. Rubrics
c. Diacritics
d. A or B
BUTED AUGUST
2024
299. It is an additional stroke that serves as an
ornament or artistic design to a letter which is not
relevant to a writing.

a. Embellishment
b. Rubrics
c. Diacritics à necessary to complete a letters à
t bar, I dot
d. A or B
BUTED AUGUST
2024
300. It is a type of writing movement which is usually
found on a child who starts to learn how to write or
draw.
a. Hand Movement b. Finger Movement
c. Forearm Movement d. Whole Arm Movement

BUTED AUGUST
2024
301. It is the stroke which goes back over the
previous writing strokes.
a. Retracing
b. Retouching
c. Patching
d. Shading

BUTED AUGUST
2024
302. Kind of erasure by using a rubber eraser,
sharp knife, razor blade or picking instrument.

a. mechanical erasure b. electronic erasure

c. magnetic erasure d. chemical erasure

BUTED AUGUST
2024
303. It is a typeface defect in which the print
provides a double or overlapping impression.
a. Actual Breakage b. Rebound
c. Actual Breakage d. Clogged Typeface

BUTED AUGUST
2024
304. It is the identifying of similarities and
dissimilarities, determination of likelihood of
occurrence, and weighing down of the significance
of each factor.
a. Analysis
b. Comparison
c. Evaluation
d. All of these

BUTED AUGUST
2024
305. In the course of your examination, you encountered a
very important document to a particular case, however said
document allegedly contain erasures done mechanical
abrasion which resulted in the translucency of the document.
Under the situation what best method can be employed to
detect such erasure?
a. oblique light
b. ordinary light
c. transmitted light
d. infrared viewer

BUTED AUGUST
2024
306. A specimen of writing prepared with deliberate
intent of altering the usual writing habits in the hope
of hiding his identity
a. disguised writing
b. cursive
c. hand lettering
d. block capital
NATURAL WRITING à NATURAL VARIATION
BUTED AUGUST
2024
307. A type of forgery which involves fraudulent
signature executed by actually following the outline
of a genuine signature with a writing instrument?
a. carbon outline process
b. indention process
c. Projection or transmitted light process
d. traced

BUTED AUGUST
2024
308. An illegible form of a writing which is
characterized by partially visible depression
appearing underneath the original writing.
a. invisible writing
b. indented writing
c. Charred document
d. contact writing

BUTED AUGUST
2024
309. The following are public documents, EXCEPT

a. Written official acts, or records of the official acts of

the sovereign authority, official bodies and tribunals and
public officers, whether of the Philippines, or of a foreign
country.
b. Documents acknowledged before a notary public.
c. Last will and testaments.
d. Public records, kept in the Philippines, of private
documents required by law to be entered therein.
BUTED AUGUST
2024
310. A traced forgery of signature is not really a
writing but a,
a. Retouching c. Drawing
b. Patching d. tremor of fraud

BUTED AUGUST
2024
311. Substance used for blotting or smearing
over an original writing to make illegible or
undecipherable.
a. ink eradicator c. sympathetic ink
b. superimposing ink d. invisible ink

BUTED AUGUST
2024
312. It refers to the group of muscles which is
responsible for the formation of the upward
strokes.
a. Flexor c. Lumbrical
b. Cortex d. extensor

BUTED AUGUST
2024
313.Mr. A, a Chief of the Intelligence Division of PNP,
will sign a “Confidential” file as an approval
regarding the operation against the notorious drug
syndicate in their locality. What class of signature
does Mr. A executed?
a. Formal or Complete
b. Informal or Cursory à DAY TO DAY ROUTINE
DOCUMENTS
c. Careless Scribble à DELIVERY RECEIPTS
d. Forgery BUTED AUGUST
2024
314. In the study of questioned documents, what do
you call the quality of paper that does not allow light
to pass through or which prevents dark objects from
being seen through the paper?
a. Opacity
b. Watermarks
c. Weight
d. Invisibility

BUTED AUGUST
2024
315. Any written instrument by which a right or
obligation is established.
a. certificate
b. document
c. Warrant
d. affidavit

BUTED AUGUST
2024
316. A document which is being questioned
because of its origin, its contents or the
circumstances or the stories of its production.
a. Disputed document --> CONTROVERSY OR
ARGUMENT
b. Standard document
c. Questioned document
d. Private document
BUTED AUGUST
2024
316. A document which is being questioned
because of its origin, its contents or the
circumstances or the stories of its production.
a. Disputed document --> CONTROVERSY OR
ARGUMENT
b. Standard document
c. Questioned document
d. Private document
BUTED AUGUST
2024
317. Which of these refers to the art of
determining the character or disposition of
person by analyzing his handwriting?
a. Calligraphy
b. Graphology
c. Haplography
d. QD Examination

BUTED AUGUST
2024
318. It is a type of standard document executed in
the day to day activities and is being produced in
the regular course of man’s activity.
a. Notarized Document
b. Contemporary Document
c. Collected/Procured Document
d. Requested/Dictated Document

BUTED AUGUST
2024
319. It is a name of a person which represent as
an identification in a document and serves as an
acknowledgement of the document signed.
a. Evidential Signature
b. Model Signature
c. Signature
d. Fingerprint

BUTED AUGUST
2024
320. It is one of the most expensive instruments
used for examination of documents that would
show three dimensional enlargements.
a. stereoscopic microscope
b. infrared gadget
c. ultraviolet light
d. Electrostatic Detection Apparatus

BUTED AUGUST
2024
321. The following are pointers to be considered in
obtaining procured/ collected standard, except;
a. Similarity of the subject matter
b. Relative dates between questioned document and
standard to be obtained
c. Standard must be contemporaneous; standard
must be not more than 3 years prior or after the date
of questioned document
d. Amount of writing standard
BUTED AUGUST
2024
322. The following are pointers to be considered in
obtaining requested standard, except;
a. Dictate to the writer, never allow the writer to see
the content of questioned document
b. Dictation must be at least 2 times
c. Dictation must have an interval
d. Observed the same writing instrument and paper
used

BUTED AUGUST
2024
323. In this writing movement, elbow is the center of
lateral movement. It can afford the greatest freedom
of movement and the most skillful type.
a. Finger movement
b. Hand movement
c. Forearm movement
d. Whole arm movement

BUTED AUGUST
2024
324. This is a specimen signature which was executed
date, particular time and place, under a particular
writer’s condition and for a particular purpose.
a. Evidential signature
b. Model signature
c. Guided signature
d. Formal signature

BUTED AUGUST
2024
325. type face impression ordinarily spaced ten
(10) characters to the horizontal inch.
a. Elite typeface
b. Pica typeface
c. Typeface
d. Typeface defect

BUTED AUGUST
2024
326. An alignment defect in which the characters
are printed to the left or right of its proper
position.
a. vertical malalignment
b. horizontal malalignment
c. malalignment
d. twisted letters

BUTED AUGUST
2024
327. Describes any process in which erased
writing is developed or brought out again on the
document itself.
a. decipherment
b. restoration
c. insertion
d. addition

BUTED AUGUST
2024
328. Partially visible writing due to sudden
contact of a blank paper into another paper
containing a freshly applied ink.
a. contact writing
b. invisible writing
c. writing impressions
d. obliteration

BUTED AUGUST
2024
329. It is the main component of paper.
a. Fiber composition
b. Sizing material
c. Loading material
d. Any of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
330. A test for paper which it includes measurement
of length and width, thickness, weight per unit area,
the color of the paper, texture, gloss, opacity, and
microscopic examination.
a. Preliminary test
b. Physical test causing no perceptible change
c. Physical test causing perceptible change
d. Burning strength test

BUTED AUGUST
2024
331. The genuineness of any disputed writing may be proven by
any of the following, except;
a.Acknowledgement of the alleged writer that he wrote it.
b.Statement of the witness who saw the writing made and is able
to identify it as such.
c.By the opinion of persons who are unfamiliar with the
handwriting of the allege writer.
d.By the opinion of an expert who compares the questioned
writing with that of other writing which are admitted or treated to
be genuine by the party against whom the evidenced is offered.

BUTED AUGUST
2024
332. This are normal and natural deviation found
between repeated specimen of an individual
handwriting.
a.Natural Variation
b.Deviant Variation
c.Individual Variation
d.Repeated Variation

BUTED AUGUST
2024
333. Kobe tries to prank Milo into thinking that someone wrote a
love letter for him. Kobe grabbed a pen and a paper and
started to disguise his handwriting so thatMilo would not be able
to identify that it was Kobe who wrote the same. After Kobe
executed the love letter, the following characteristics of
disguised writing can be observed, except;
a. Inconsistent slant
b. Lack rhythm
c. Natural start and stop
d. Irregular spacing

BUTED AUGUST
2024
334. Yuji received the parcel he ordered online. Thedelivery
rider asked him to sign the delivered notice. He grabbed the
pen and paper and immediately signed it without any
considerations. The type of signature Yuji executed is an
example of __________.
a. Formal Signature
b. Careless scribble
c. highly individualized signature
d. Conventional signature

BUTED AUGUST
2024
335. Lower case letters having no ascending loops or
stems, or descending loops or stems.
a. small letters
b. linear letters
c. majuscule
d. block

BUTED AUGUST
2024
336. It is known as the upstroke of a looping
ascender.
a. Linear letters
b. Looping letters
c. Blunt
d. Whirl

BUTED AUGUST
2024
337. The letter shows a major long downward
stroke that is the trunk, or stalk and is normally
seen in capital letters, which is known as the
_______.
a. Whirl
b. Ascender
c. Staff
d. Spur
BUTED AUGUST
2024
338. Regarding the preceding number, where
could it be seen in the above letter, “K”?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. none of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
338. Regarding the preceding number, where
could it be seen in the above letter, “K”?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. none of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
339. How many number of shoulders does
the letter above contain?
a. 0
b. 1
c. 3
d. 4

BUTED AUGUST
2024
340. A loop made flourished which is added
to the small letters “k” and “b” or in capital
letters “A”, “K”, and “P”.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. none of the above
BUTED AUGUST
2024
341. The letter having an upper and lower
loop just like the letter “f” above, is known
as _________.
a. loop
b. long letter
c. ascender
d. ligature
BUTED AUGUST
2024
342. The above letter contains an ascender.
Which of the following is known as the
ascender?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 1 & 2
none of the above
BUTED AUGUST
2024
343. The letter “a” contains a bowl. Which
of these is considered as such? Fully
rounded or oval or circular form to a
complete a letter
a. 1.
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
BUTED AUGUST
2024
344. A small loop or curve inside the letters.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

BUTED AUGUST
2024
345. In the above letter “a”, no. 1 is known
as the ______.
a. hump
b. arc
c. eyelet
d. knob

BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
346. The word Criminologist rests on a line
which is known as the __________.
a. foot
b. baseline
c. underline
d. diacritic

BUTED AUGUST
2024
347. The letter “m” in the word above, has
_____ number of shoulders.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

BUTED AUGUST
2024
348. It is a stroke which connects the
strokes of the letter to form the word
“Criminologist: is known as the ________
a. ligature
b. connection
c. ductus
d. all of the above
BUTED AUGUST
2024
349. Diacritics can be observed in the above
letters. Which of the following letters in the
word “Criminologist” can be diacritics be
observed?
a. c,i,t
b. t,i
c. m,n
d. t,g
BUTED AUGUST
2024
350. This type of examination is used to detect
retouching, patching, and unnatural pen lift in
signature analysis.
a. Transmitted light examination
b. Oblique light examination
c. Stereoscopic examination
d. Infrared examination

BUTED AUGUST
2024
351. The following should be observed in handling
questioned/disputed documents, except;
a. It should be kept folded and in separate, proper
size envelope or folder
b. Make not only the usual photo static copy, but
also a proper photograph or photo-enlargement.
c. No test should be made to alter the conditions of
the document.
d. None of the above
BUTED AUGUST
2024
352. The following should be observed in handling charred
documents, except;
a. When the fragments are not packed tightly, they should
bepadded with lightweight absorbent cotton
b. Those extremely fragile must be handled as little as possible
and transporting them to the laboratory requires extra-ordinary
care.
c. The fragment must be held firmly without crushing and
prevent movement or shifting when finally packed in a sturdy
container.
d. None of the above
BUTED AUGUST
2024
353. This shows a block kind of writing.
a. BLOCK
b. Block
c. Block
d. All of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
354. It is important to know the design of the letters or
the system of writing as it may point the following,
except;
a. Nationality of the writer
b. Date when the writing was acquired
c. System learned
d. Gender of the writer

BUTED AUGUST
2024
355. This is a kind of letter connection which is
characterized by an abrupt stop and start in each
turning point.
a. Arcade
b. Garland
c. Angular connective form
d. Threadlike connective form

BUTED AUGUST
2024
356. The following are indications of simulated and
traced forgeries, except;
a. No rhythm
b. Carefulness or unusual care and deliberation
c. Slow writing
d. Shows variation

BUTED AUGUST
2024
357. This means passing counterfeited coins.
a. Counterfeiting
b. Importing
c. Uttering
d. Mutilation

BUTED AUGUST
2024
358. It refers to something wrong in time and in
place.
a. Apochromatic
b. Anachronism
c. Chronism
d. None of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
359. This are writing materials from fine skins from
young calves or kids and the term was often used
for all kind of parchment manuscripts.
a. Papyrus
b. Parchment
c. Vellum
d. Charta

BUTED AUGUST
2024
360. This examination is restricted to comparison of
the dyestuffs in the ink.
a. Chromatographic Examination
b. Spectroscopic examination
c. UV light examination
d. Transmitted light examination

BUTED AUGUST
2024
361. What do you call the cylinder that serves as the
bucking of the paper which absorbs the blow from
the typeface?
a. Off its feet
b. Platen
c. Serif
d. Rebound

BUTED AUGUST
2024
362. What FONT has short cross-strokes that
project from the top and bottom of the main
stroke of a letter?
a. Rebound
b. San-serif
c. Serif
d. Off its feet

BUTED AUGUST
2024
363. What is an imaging device that allows an
examiner to analyze inks, visualize security
features and reveals alteration on a document?
a. Electro-microscope
b. Magnifying glass
c. Microscope
d. Video spectral comparator

BUTED AUGUST
2024
364. What is the device that is used to reveal
indentations or impressions in a document that is
unnoticed?
a. Electro-microscope
b. Microscope
c. Video spectral comparator
d. Electrostatic detector apparatus

BUTED AUGUST
2024
365. What is one of the most valuable tools of the
question document examiner which supplements
any visual examination of a document?
a. Microscopy
b. Electrostatic detection apparatus
c. Hand magnifying
d. Video spectral comparator

BUTED AUGUST
2024
366. It is an imaginary or real line in which the
writing rest.
a. baseline c. underline
b. foot d. base

BUTED AUGUST
2024
367. Is the science of handwriting analysis . The
study of documents and writing materials to
determine its genuineness or authorship
a. graphology
b. graph analyst
c. bibliotics
d. handwriting analysis

BUTED AUGUST
2024
368. What is the normal pulse rate of an average
individual?
a.45 to 70 beats/min
b.60 to 70 beats/min
c.70 to 75 beats/min
d.80 to 92 beats/min

BUTED AUGUST
2024
369. What is the size of the pneumograph’s rubber
convoluted tubes?
a.8 inches
b.7 inches
c.9 inches
d.10 inches

BUTED AUGUST
2024
370. What kind of questions must be formulated
for purposes of polygraph examination?
a.Narrative style
b.Elaborated subject matter
c.Those answerable by yes or no
d.Those call for positive response

BUTED AUGUST
2024
371. A statement of facts by the accused in a
criminal case, which do not, involved the
acknowledgment of guilt?
a.Testimonial evidence
b.Confession
c.Admission
d.Dying declaration

BUTED AUGUST
2024
372. Is a type of question designed to link the
subject to the crime? In criminal investigation it is
otherwise referred to as associative evidence:
a.Sacrifice question
b.Knowledge question
c.Evidence connecting question
d.Control question

BUTED AUGUST
2024
373. Kymograph moves at a uniform rate of how
many inches per minute?
a.Six inches per minute
b.Eight inches per minute
c.Ten inches per minute
d.Two inches per minute

BUTED AUGUST
2024
374. Kymograph moves at a uniform rate of how
many inches per minute?
a.Six inches per minute
b.Eight inches per minute
c.Ten inches per minute
d.Two inches per minute

BUTED AUGUST
2024
375. Air inflated in the system on cardio for the
female subject is:
a.60 mm
b.80 mm
c.70 mm
d.50 mm

BUTED AUGUST
2024
376. Thoracic breathing is a breathing coming from
_______of the subject.
a.Chest area
b.Abdominal area
c.Mouth
d.Nasal area

BUTED AUGUST
2024
377. Polygraph examiner may intend to probe in the
course of examination. It should be conducted
___?
a.After the actual test
b.Every after taking each start
c.After the post-test
d.Before the actual test

BUTED AUGUST
2024
378. What should be the attitude of a polygraph
examiner in confronting subject in a polygraph
test?
a.Arrogant
b.Authoritative
c.Cordial but firm
d.Antagonistic

BUTED AUGUST
2024
379. A question designed to test for direct
involvement of the subject to the issue under
investigation and specifically designed to produce
an emotional response in guilty subjects?
a.Strong relevant
b.Knowledge question
c.Evidence connecting
d.Weak relevant
RE
BUTED AUGUST
2024
380. Which of the following polygraph test is
intended to stimulate a subject?
a. Card test à
stimulation/acquaintance test
b. General question test
c. Silent answer test
d. Peak of tension test

BUTED AUGUST
2024
381. Do you own the firearm found near the victim?
“What kind of question did the polygraph examiner
ask?
a. Control
b.Relevant
c.Irrelevant
d.Conclusive

BUTED AUGUST
2024
382. A division of our autonomic nervous system
that prepares our body for fights or flight
reaction?
a. Sympathetic
b. Parasympathetic
c. Homeostasis
d. Hypothalamus

BUTED AUGUST
2024
383. In lie detection, the interrogator chart probes on
subject every after the taking of each chart. At what stage
is post interrogation conducted?
a. Done every after taking of each chart
b. When fully convince of the subject’s guilt base on the
charts taken
c. Done only on subject’s who refuse to cooperate during
the examination
d. Done immediately before conducting the Pre-test
interview
BUTED AUGUST
2024
384. A type of a question designed to
establish a response from a deceptive
subject?
a. Irrelevant questions
b. Control question
c. Relevant question
d. Padding question

BUTED AUGUST
2024
385. Is a tracing on the chart wherein the
subject answered in irrelevant questions;
a. Specific response
b. Normal response
c. Response
d. Reaction

BUTED AUGUST
2024
386. It is based on the maxim “in vino
veritas” meaning in wine there is truth?
a. Hypnotism
b. Narco-analysis
c. Intoxication with the use of alcoholic
beverages
d. Administration of truth serum
BUTED AUGUST
2024
387. The following are parts of the
cardiosphymograph component, EXCEPT;
a. Blood pressure cuff
b. Air pump
c. Sphygmomanometer
d. Corrugated rubber

BUTED AUGUST
2024
388. Which of the following is an example
of irrelevant question?
a. Are you 25 years old?
b. Do you know who shoot the victim?
c. Did you steal the jewelries?
d. Before reaching the age of 30 years old,
did you steal anything?
BUTED AUGUST
2024
389. What can an examiner detect during
the process of polygraph examination?
a. Competency
b. Deception à FORM OF DECEIVING BY
MEANS OF LYING
c. Psychological
d. Mental disorder
BUTED AUGUST
2024
390. When should a polygraph examiner perform
chart probing and determine the truthfulness of
the subject?
a. At the end of each polygraph test
b. During the onset of the polygraph
examination
c. When the subject is relaxed
d. While questioning is on-going
BUTED AUGUST
2024
391. When the subject keeps on rocking
his chair, what will be in the mind of the
investigator on the subject’s reaction?
a. Fear
b. Irritation
c. Nervousness
d. Panic
BUTED AUGUST
2024
392. “Is this muddy pair of rubber shoes
yours?” is what type of question?
a. Irrelevant
b. Control
c. Relevant
d. Conclusive

BUTED AUGUST
2024
393. “Did you ever hurt your wife?” is what
type of question?
a. Conclusive
b. Irrelevant
c. Control
d. Relevant

BUTED AUGUST
2024
394. “Is this shotgun yours?” is what
type of question?
a. Irrelevant
b. Relevant
c. Conclusive
d. Control
BUTED AUGUST
2024
395. When EDA tracings show high,
what does it indicates?
a. Increased sweat production
b. Low pulse rate
c. Increased movement of muscles
d. Low blood pressure
BUTED AUGUST
2024
396. When there is a decrease in the
cardiograph tracing, it shows that
______.
a.Pulse rate is high
b.Blood pressure is low
c.Increase in muscle movement
d.Increased in sweat production
BUTED AUGUST
2024
397. When no increase or decrease in
cardiograph tracings, what is the
indication?
a. Pulse rate is high
b. Increased sweat production
c. Blood pressure is normal
d. Increased muscle movement
BUTED AUGUST
2024
398. Did you participate in taking the
missing money?” is an example of
_________.
a. Primary relevant question
b. Secondary relevant question
c. Evidence connecting question
d. Knowledge question

BUTED AUGUST
2024
399. A question to which it is likely that the
examinee is untruthful with his answer
a. Comparison question
b. Directed lie comparison
c. Probable lie comparison
d. Untruthful question

BUTED AUGUST
2024
400. “Between the ages of 20-28, have
you ever taken anything not yours?” is an
example of _______ question.
a. Comparison question
b. Probable lie
c. Exclusive
d. Inclusive

BUTED AUGUST
2024
401. This is designed to ensure that the
examiner will not ask un-reviewed questions or
that the examinee is not afraid that the
examiner will ask un-reviewed questions.
a. Relevant question
b. Introductory question
c. Sacrifice relevant question
d. Symptomatic question

BUTED AUGUST
2024
402. In the peak of tension,
_________ questions asked before
and after the relevant
a. Irrelevant
b. Padding
c. Neutral
d. Silent
BUTED AUGUST
2024
403. It is used to determine details of a crime
that are not known to officials, such as the
location of an unrecovered body, but would be
known to a participant in the crime.
a. Peak of Tension Test
b. Known Peak of Tension Test
c. Searching Peak of Tension test
d. Collected Peak of Tension test

BUTED AUGUST
2024
404. In this test, the examiner will shuffle the
cards and each card will be shown to him, with
the instruction that he will answer “NO” to all
cards , even if the one being shown to him is the
one he has seen earlier.
a. Stimulation test
b. No Test
c. Yes Test
d. None of the above
BUTED AUGUST
2024
405. The reactions on the control and
relevant questions are compared via
numerical scoring
a. Card test
b. Comparison Question
c. Guilt Complex test
d. Peak of Tension test
BUTED AUGUST
2024
406. The systematic process by which a
particular set of decision is applied to the
evaluation of diagnostic features and other
physiological data resulting in one of the three
outcome decisions.
a. Pre-test
b. Test Data Collection
c. Test Data Analysis
d. Numerical Scoring
BUTED AUGUST
2024
407. Developed to obtain reliable test
results and reduce potential errors
cause by bias inexperienced polygraph
examiners and scorer.
a. Global Analysis
b. Numerical Test Data
c. Computer Scoring
d. Clinical Approach
BUTED AUGUST
2024
408. Test for the subject’s involvement
to a known incident or to multiple issues
of concern.
a. Recognition Test
b. Deception Test
c. Peak of Tension Test
d. Card test
BUTED AUGUST
2024
409. A list of stimulus and non-stimulus
words are read to the subject who is
instructed to answer as quickly as possible.
a. Word association test
b. Psychological stress evaluator
c. Card test
d. Hypnosis

BUTED AUGUST
2024
410. Under Backster zone comparison test
technique, color zones are applied in identifying so
many questions used during the test. If the color
zone for irrelevant question is yellow, what then is
the color zone for strong relevant questions?
a. Red
b. Black
c. Green
d. Orange

BUTED AUGUST
2024
411. A type of deceit for the purpose of humor,
when the falsehood is generally understood, is
often regarded as not immoral and is widely
practiced by humorists and comedians.
a. Black lie
b. Red lie
c. Jocose lie
d. Malicious lie

BUTED AUGUST
2024
412. Which of the following is a major
component of the polygraph machine?
a. Blood pressure cuff
b. Pen and inking system
c. kymograph
d. cardiosphygmograph

BUTED AUGUST
2024
413. What should be the mark placed
on a chart paper at the start of the
test?
a. X/60/1.5 A
b. X/50/2.5 A
c. XX/60/1.5 A
d. XXX/60/2.5 A
BUTED AUGUST
2024
414. Sets of electrodes are attached to
the :
a. palmar or tips of fingers of
convenience
b. toes
c. ankles
d. neck
BUTED AUGUST
2024
415. The following are specific rules to be followed in
the formulation of the questions in a polygraph test
except one;
a. Questions must be short as possible
b. Questions must be short and precise
c. Questions must be in the form of accusations
d. Questions must be clear and phrase in a
language the subject can easily understand

BUTED AUGUST
2024
416. Polygraphs testing, aside from the
condition and reliability of machine and
necessary preparations, the other important
face consider is the examiner’s_______.
a. Professionalism
b. Competence
c. Idealism
d. Integrity
BUTED AUGUST
2024
417. Which of the following methods is
NOT used in detecting deception?
a. Polygraphy
b. Hypnotism
c. Administration of truth serum
d. Electro encephalogram

BUTED AUGUST
2024
418. When polygraph examiner use “truth
serum” such as sodium pentothal or
phenobarbital during questioning, what type of
TEST is being applied?
a. Psychiatric
b. Psychological
c. Narcoanalysis
d. Chemical
BUTED AUGUST
2024
419. When the subject is starting to sweat
and trying to wipe his face with a
handkerchief, what feeling or reaction he is
showing?
a. Panic
b. Nervousness
c. Irritated
d. Comfortable
BUTED AUGUST
2024
420. What refers to any activity aroused in
an organism caused by stimulus, an action
or mental attitude induced by external
influence?
a. Response
b. Panic
c. Reaction
d. Fear
BUTED AUGUST
2024
421. Did you steal the money of Mrs.
Susan Roces?” is what kind of question?
a. Control
b. Relevant
c. Important
d. Irrelevant

BUTED AUGUST
2024
422. “Have you stolen anything
before?” is what type of question for a
suspect of theft?
a. Conclusive
b. Relevant
c. Irrelevant
d. Control
BUTED AUGUST
2024
423. “Is this stained with blood pants
yours?” is what type of question?
a. Irrelevant
b. Conclusive
c. Relevant
d. Control

BUTED AUGUST
2024
424. When the tracing of galvanometer is
normal, what is the indication?
a. Increased heart rate
b. No increase or decrease of sweat
production
c. No change in heart rate
d. Increase in muscle movement
BUTED AUGUST
2024
425. An erroneous decision that an
examinee is being deceptive when the
examinee is actually truthful.
a. Positive
b. Negative
c. False Positive
d. False Negative
BUTED AUGUST
2024
426. This pertains to an examiner
agreement with his own decisions when
evaluating the charts on different
occasions.
a. Interrater reliability
b. Intrarater reliability
c. any of the above
d. none of the above
BUTED AUGUST
2024
427. The ideal polygraph examination
room must conform to the following except;
a. it must be spacious for three persons
b. It must be well-lighted
c. It must not be decorated
d. It must be well-ventilated

BUTED AUGUST
2024
428. It is a principle of polygraphy which says
that a polygraph is capable of making graphic
record consisting of dependable information
regarding the physiological changes of the body.
a. Psychological Leg Basic Premise
b. Physiological Leg Basic Premise
c. Mechanical Leg Basic Premise
d. None of these

BUTED AUGUST
2024
429. Ordeal is a term of varying meaning
closely related in the Medieval Latin “Dei
Indicum” which means –
a. Divine intervention
b. Miraculous decision
c. God’s hand
d. God’s favor

BUTED AUGUST
2024
430. Intoxication of alcohol used the Latin
maxim “In vino, veritas” as underlying principle.
This latin maxim is literally translated as
____________.
a. there is wine in truth
b. In truth, there is wine
c. Wine is the truth
d. In wine, there is truth
BUTED AUGUST
2024
431. The polygraph instrument is also known as a
lie detector, but research clearly shows that it
cannot determine or detect a lying person. What
then is the use of polygraph instrument?
a. To record physiological reactions of the subject.
b. To record psychological reactions of the subject.
c. To record and determine the facts of the case
based on the chart taken.
d. To record psychogalvanic reflex of the subject
BUTED AUGUST
2024
432. Harvey will undergo polygraph
examination and he was advised that prior
to the examination, he should have at least
___ hours of sleep.
a. 5 hours
b. 12 hours
c. 2 hours
d. 3 hours
BUTED AUGUST
2024
433. In polygraph test, after the subject
affirms that he is involved in a crime the
examiner should report it to the?
a. Investigator
b. Object relative
c. Prosecutor
d. Judge
BUTED AUGUST
2024
434. If the polygraph test result indicates
innocence, what should the examiner do?
a. release the subject cordially
b. thank the subject for his cooperation
c. ask the subject if he has any questions
d. all of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
435. The picture shown is known as the
________.
a. finger electrode plate
b. Rubber convoluted tube
c. Arm cuff
d. Breathing sensors

BUTED AUGUST
2024
436. Where does the examiner attach this
to the subject?
a. At the chest of the subject
b. At the abdomen of the subject
c. At the neck of the subject
d. Both a and b

BUTED AUGUST
2024
437. The purpose of the image
shown is to __________.
a. Record the blood pressure
b. Record the changes in
respiration
c. Record the sweating of the
subject
d. Record the pulse rate
BUTED AUGUST
2024
438. The picture shown above is
placed _______ of the subject.
a. at the chest of the subject
b. at the arm just above the brachial
artery
c. at the right arm just above the
radial artery
d. at the hands of the subject

BUTED AUGUST
2024
439. What is the purpose of A?
a. It records the breathing of the subject
b. It records the blood pressure of the subject
c. It is designed to supply air into the system
d. It is used to indicate the amount of air pressure
inflated to the system

BUTED AUGUST
2024
440. What is the purpose of B?
a. It records the breathing of the subject
b. It records the blood pressure of the subject
c. It is designed to supply air into the system
d. It is used to indicate the amount of air pressure
inflated to the system

BUTED AUGUST
2024
441. The picture shown above is an image of a
conventional polygraph. Who was the Father
of Modern Polygraphy?
a. John Larson
b. Leonarde Keeler
c. William Marston
d. Cleve Backster

BUTED AUGUST
2024
442. The following are major components
of a polygraph machine, except;
a. Pneumograph
b. EDA Channel
c. Cardiosphygmograph
d. Kymograph

BUTED AUGUST
2024
443. There are _____ major
components in a polygraph machine.
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 6

BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
444. Regarding the picture above, what is the purpose
of no. 1?
a. used to cut the paper at the end of the test
b. the one responsible for pulling the paper out of
the machine
c. serves as the security for the unnecessary
movement of the chart paper or to ensure the
paper’s forward movement without shaking.
d. flat portion where the pen writes on the chart

BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
445. Regarding the picture above, no. 3 is
known as the chart. It is a rolled graph paper
with approximately ¼ inch horizontal division
and ½ inch vertical division equivalent to
_______ seconds run?
a. 3
b. 5
c. 8
d. 10
BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
446. Regarding the picture above, no. 3 is
known as the galvano pen which is
considered to be the longest pen has
_____ inches.
a. 5
b. 6
c. 7
d. 8
BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
447. Regarding the picture above, no. 4 is
known as the ink reservoir. It holds the
________which is a water-based ink
intended for polygraph instruments.
a. Calligraphy ink
b. Capillary ink
c. Polyrgaphy ink
d. Tracing ink
BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
448. Regarding the picture above, which
of the following is used to adjust the
desired size of tracings?
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7

BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
449. Regarding the picture above, which
of the following is designed to center the
pen on the chart?
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7

BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
450. Regarding the picture above, which
of the following indicates the amount of
air pressure inside the system?
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7

BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
450. Regarding the picture above, which
of the following indicates the amount of
air pressure inside the system?
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7

BUTED AUGUST
2024
In Red Hot Iron Ordeal, the accused placed his
tongue to a red hot iron for a ______?
a. 7 times
b. 8 times
c. 9 times
d. 10 times

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Which of the following is the science that deals
with the launching, flight behavior and impact
effects of projectile?
a. Internal ballistics
b. Ballistics
c. Terminal ballistics
d. Eternal ballistics

BUTED AUGUST
2024
What is the motion or curve path of the bullet
during in flight from the gun muzzle to the
target?
a. Rifling
b. Swaging
c. Ricochet
d. Trajectory

BUTED AUGUST
2024
In order to ascertain the real shooter, Forensic
Ballistics has the potential to assist investigation,
what can be determined after thorough
investigation in connection to the suspect?
a. Identity
b. Gender
c. Nationality
d. Age

BUTED AUGUST
2024
How should police investigator pick up a firearm
left by the suspect of a crime?
a. Picking up through the handle
b. Picking up through the barrel
c. Picking up with bare hands and put in his bag
d. Inserting a straw in the trigger guard of the
gun

BUTED AUGUST
2024
What is a short barreled firearm, having a
magazine enclosed in its grip?
a. Rifle
b. Revolver
c. Machine gun
d. Pistol

BUTED AUGUST
2024
What is an unexpected delay in the triggering
of a firearm and the ignition of the propellant
that is due to poor quality of gun powder?
a. Hang fire
b. Ricochet
c. Trajectory
d. Swaging
MISFIRE
BUTED AUGUST
2024
What part of a cartridge which are made Of
copper or brass alloy that initiates the
combustion of the gun powder?
a. Primer
b. Rifling
c. Flash holes
d. Hammer

BUTED AUGUST
2024
What is the term used for the measurement of
the bore diameter?
a. Striation
b. Drift
c. Caliber
d. Gauge à SHOTGUN

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Which of the following is a complete unfired
round of ammunition which contains a bullet,
case, primer, and gun powder which can be
used by investigators for examining a gun?
a. Muzzle
b. Cartridge
c. Rifling
d. Casing
BUTED AUGUST
2024
What is the chemical reaction caused by
powder gases and combustion residue, heat
from burning propellant or pressure of powder
gases combustion?
a. Erosion
b. Corrosion
c. Decomposition
d. Disintegration
BUTED AUGUST
2024
What consist spiral grooves inside the barrel of
a gun causing the bullet to spin during its flight
to the target?
a. Drift
b. Muzzle
c. Trajectory
d. Rifling

BUTED AUGUST
2024
In order for the investigators to prove that a
suspect who was reported that he fired a gun during
the New Year’s eve, which is not allowed, what TEST
must be applied to determine if the reported case is
positive?
a. Faraffin
b. Paraffin
c. Takayama
d. Luminescence
BUTED AUGUST
2024
In a shooting incidence, even small samples of
evidence that could be found in the crime scene by
examining the wadding materials, which of the
following the investigators CANNOT identify?
a. Age and gender of the suspect
b. Range of possible shot size based in impressions
in the shotshells wad
c. Gauge of the firearm used
d. Manufacturer of the maker
BUTED AUGUST
2024
What is the unit measurement that is used to
express the bore diameter of the barrel of a
firearm used by a criminal?
a. Frame
b. Gauge
c. Caliber
d. Chamber

BUTED AUGUST
2024
What refers to the DEFLECTION of the projectile
by an object rather than penetrating and
embedded in the object?
a. Ricochet
b. Misfire
c. Rifling
d. Swagging

BUTED AUGUST
2024
In crime scene you recovered projectile, the
following are projectile. EXCEPT.
a. Bullet
b. Slug
c. Cartridge
d. Shot

BUTED AUGUST
2024
When a bullet is fired through a pane of glass,
the side of the glass here the concentric
fractures will MOST probably appear is the
pane of the glass.
a. Both side where the bullet entered
b. Neither side
c. The side where the bullet exited
d. The side where the bullet entered
BUTED AUGUST
2024
Which of the following is the highest percentage
of black powder composition?
a. Sulfur
b. Potassium Nitrate
c. Charcoal
d. Powder

BUTED AUGUST
2024
What part of a cartridge case designed to
prevent the bullet to push back?
a. Extracting Grooves
b. Vent
c. Crimp
d. Cannelure

BUTED AUGUST
2024
What equipment is shown?
a. Compound Microscope
b. Comparison Microscope
c. Onoscope
d. Telescope

BUTED AUGUST
2024
In this firearm a pressure is applied on the
trigger and will both cock and fire the firearm
by release of the hammer.
a. Single Action Firearm à MANUAL COCKING
OF THE HAMMER
b. Double Action Firearm
c. Single Shot Firearm
d. Automatic Firearm
BUTED AUGUST
2024
The term ballistic is derived from the Greek
word __________ which literally means to
throw.
a. Ballista
b. Ballo
c. Ballein
d. B or C

BUTED AUGUST
2024
. Fired bullets should be marked by the
recovering officer with his initials in the
____________.
a. Nose
b. Mouth
c. Ogive
d. A or C

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It refers to the circular groove near the base of
the case or shell designed for the automatic
withdrawal of the case after each firing.
a. Ejector Groove
b. Extractor Groove
c. Land Groove
d. None of these

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It is generally found on the primer cup.
a. Shearing Mark
b. Firing Pin mark
c. Extractor Mark
d. Magazine lip Mark

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It describes the ability of the bullet to maintain
its velocity against air resistance.
a. Trajectory
b. Air Resistance
c. Pull of Gravity
d. Ballistic Coefficient

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It is generally used in the preliminary
examination of fired bullets and shells for the
purpose of determining the relative distribution
of the class characteristics.
a. Bullet Comparison Microscope
b. Stereoscopic Microscope
c. Shadowgraph
d. Caliper
BUTED AUGUST
2024
These are generally found on bullets fired
through “loose fit” barrels wherein the rifling is
already worn out.
a. Shearing Mark
b. Stripping Mark
c. Breech Face Mark
d. Chamber Mark

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It is the distance at which the gunner has the
control of shot where the bullet travel straight.
a. Maximum Range
b. Maximum Effective Range
c. Accurate Range
d. Effective Range

BUTED AUGUST
2024
A fired bullet with six lands and grooves twisted
to the right is fired from the barrel of a firearm
with identical class characteristics as that of:
a. Browning
b. Colt
c. Smith and Wesson
d. Steyr

BUTED AUGUST
2024
498. What Is the equal and opposite reaction
of the gun against the forward movement of
the bullet upon explosion.
a. Energy generated
b. recoil
c. Expansion of heated gas
d. muzzle blast

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It refers to the mobility or the movement of the
projectile once it leaves the muzzle and until it
reaches the target or fall in the ground.
a. Motion
b. Ballistics
c. Ballista
d. Trajectory

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It is a barrel construction of a shotgun in which
there is a diminishing bore diameter towards its
muzzle.
a. Cylinder Bore Type Shotgun
b. Choke Bore type shotgun
c. Paradox Type Shotgun
d. Single Barrel Shotgun

BUTED AUGUST
2024
The most important single process in a barrel
manufacture from the standpoint of the
identification expert is:
a. reaming operation
b. rifling operation
c. lapping operation
d. drilling operation

BUTED AUGUST
2024
A type of ammunition which does not have
bullet used in film-making:
a. Dummy Ammunition
b. Blank Ammunition
c. Drill Ammunition
d. Live Ammunition

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It is a type of firearm designed to fire several
loads (shot) in one loading.
a. Single Shot Firearms
b. Repeating Firearms
c. Double Action
d. Single Action

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Instrument used in obtaining test bullet:
a. caliper
b. bullet comparison microscope
c. bullet recovery box
d. water tank

BUTED AUGUST
2024
. A shaving marks on a bullet is due to:
a. Oversized barrel
b. Poor alignment of the cylinder to the bore
of the barrel
c. Oily barrel
d. Delayed combustion

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It is a mark found at the base portion of the
mouth of the shell caused by backward
movement to the breech face of the block of
the firearm.
a. Firing Pin Mark
b. Breech Face Mark
c. Extractor Mark
d. Magazine Lip Mark
BUTED AUGUST
2024
Is the tumbling of the bullet in its flight and
hitting the target sideways as a result of not
spinning on its axis is known?
a. Ricochet c. Hang fire
b. Misfire d. key-hole shot

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Is the farthest distance in which a bullet when
fired can still be consider lethal?
a. Maximum range c. Maximum effective range
b. Accurate range d. Effective range

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Is a condition in which two bullets or shells are
examined and compared under the comparison
microscope at the same time, level and
direction and magnification and same image?
a. Pseudo match c. Juxtaposition
b. false match d. Sogo match

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It refers to the characteristics of a firearm
which are determinable even before the
manufacture of the firearm?
a. Class Characteristics
b. Individual Characteristics
c. Repetitive mark
d. accidental mark

BUTED AUGUST
2024
The importance of individual marks left on a
bullet by a gun barrel is that it is useful in
directly identifying the:
a. bullet which caused the fatal wound
b. person who fired the particular firearm
c. gun from which a bullet was fired
d. possible direction of shot

BUTED AUGUST
2024
The image shown is known as the
__________.
a. Bullet
b. Cartridge case
c. Cartridge
d. Primer

BUTED AUGUST
2024
This serves as a waterproof container for the
gunpowder and it holds the bullet, gunpowder,
and primer assembled into one unit.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 7
d. 5

BUTED AUGUST
2024
This contains highly sensitive chemical
compound that would easily ignite or burst into
flame when struck by the firing pin.
a. 1
b. 4
c. 5
d. 3

BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
The bullet in the above photo is known as a jacketed bullet.
The following are characteristics of a jacketed bullet, except;
a. It consists of a regular lead core, coated with a copper alloy
b. it is covered with jacket of harder material such as gilding
metal, copper alloy approximately 80% and zinc 20%
c. Its purpose is to prevent adherence of lead or metal inside
the gun barrel
d. its purpose is to have better penetration of the bullet to the
target

BUTED AUGUST
2024
The images above are cartridge cases
according to its shape. Which among the
following is used in cal .38?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. any of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding the image shown above, which
among the following is a wide based cartridge
case and is gradually reduced in diameter
along its length?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. none of the above
BUTED AUGUST
2024
A shoulder is a part of shell which supports the
neck of the cartridge which is evident in no.
_____ case.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 1,2,3

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding the image above, what is that
portion of the primer which provides solid
support and absorbs the blow of the firing pin
causing friction that would initiates ignition?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding the image above, what is the highly
sensitive chemical compound which ignites by
the mechanical blow of the firing pin
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding the image shown, which of them is
known as the Berdan primer?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 1 & 2
d. none of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Statement no. 1: The berdan primer has 1 number of
vent/flash hole
Statement no. 2: The boxer primer has 2 vents/flash holes
a. Both statements are correct
b. Both statements are incorrect
c. Statement no. 1 is correct and statement no. 2 incorrect
d. statement no. 1 is incorrect and statement no. 2 is
correct

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding the image above, what type of
cartridge case is usually used in revolver?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Which among the following pictures above
shows a rebated type of case?
a. 1
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding the picture, what refers to the
cartridge with rimless pattern, but which has a
rim diameter smaller than the body of the
case?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 5
BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding the picture, which of the following is
used to separate from shot to seal propellant
gases behind the shot or to hold shot together
in the barrel.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
BUTED AUGUST
2024
These are the projectiles in the shotshell.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 5

BUTED AUGUST
2024
The image shown above is ________bore
barrel.
a. rifled
b. smooth
c. riflings
d. land

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding the above picture, C measures the
_________.
a. Lands
b. Grooves
c. Bore diameter
d. Pitch of rifling

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Numbers of A and B are always the same or
equal.
a. True
b. False
c. Yes
d. No

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding the image above, which of the
following is known as the groove?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. none of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding the image above, B creates a
_______mark on the fired bullet.
a. Land
b. Groove
c. Skid
d. Striation

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It appears as slight depressions or scratches the
cylindrical surface of the fired bullet.
a. Land mark
b. Groove mark
c. Stripping mark
d. Shaving mark

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Which of the following images above shows a
firing pin mark?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. none of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Which of the following is caused by the rifling
inside the barrel of the gun?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. none of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It is caused by the throwing of shell from the
firearm to the area of shooting.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. none of the above

BUTED AUGUST
2024
In fired cartridge case either of the Firing pin mark
and the Breech face marks can be used as basis for
identification, in the absence or no use of these two,
both the _________ can be utilized as secondary
choice.
a. extractor and shearing mark
b. Ejector and magazine lip mark
c. extractor and chamber mark
d. extractor and ejector mark
BUTED AUGUST
2024
A position used in comparing evidence and test
bullet where half of evidence and test bullet is
projected.
a. Juxtaposition
b. Collation
c. Intermarriage
d. Parallel position

BUTED AUGUST
2024
This long box is filled with ordinary cotton and
separated into sections by cardboard petitions.
a. Bullet comparison microscope
b. Bullet recovery box
c. CP-6 Comparison projector
d. Stereoscopic microscope

BUTED AUGUST
2024
This is especially designed to permit the firearm
examiner to determine the similarity and dissimilarity
between two fired bullets and slugs or projectiles, or
two fired shells by simultaneously observing their
magnified image in a single microscopic instrument.
a. Stereoscopic Microscope
b. Bullet Comparison Microscope
c. Onoscope
d. Shadowgraph
BUTED AUGUST
2024
It is applied to that part of the cartridge case
that is occupied by the bullet.
a. Base
b. Crimp
c. Vents
d. Neck

BUTED AUGUST
2024
. It is equal to the height of the side of a land.
a. Depth of Grooves
b. Twist
c. Rifling
d. land

BUTED AUGUST
2024
It contains a compound at the base usually similar to
barium nitrates, which is set on fire when the bullet is
projected. The flash of the smoke from the burning
permits the light of the bullet to be seen especially at
night time.
a. Incendiary Bullets
b. Tracer Bullets
c. Explosive Bullets
d. Armor Piercing Bullets
BUTED AUGUST
2024
It refers to serrated grooves that are sometimes
found rolled into the necks and bodied of the
cases at the location of the bases of the bullet to
prevent the bullet from being pushed back or
loosened.
a. Neck
b. Base
c. Crimp
d. Cannelures
BUTED AUGUST
2024
Type of firearms that propel projectiles less
than one inch in diameter.

a. Artillery
b. Small arms
c. Machine Guns
d. Shoulder Arms

BUTED AUGUST
2024
This firearm is first manually cocked then
followed by pressure on the trigger to release
the hammer.

a. Automatic Firearm
b. Single Shot Firearm
c. Double Action Firearm
d. Single Action Firearm

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Smith and Wesson revolvers have _________.
a. 5 lands , 5 Grooves and twist to the right
b. 5 lands , 5 Grooves and twist to the left
c. 6 lands, 6 grooves and twist to the right
d. 6 lands, 6 grooves and twist to the left

BUTED AUGUST
2024
What firearm has a muzzle velocity of not more
than 1,400 feet per second?

a. High Powered firearm

b. Low Power Firearm
c. Average power firearm
d. None of these

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Fired bullet & shell after having been marked
should be wrapped in ________ & sealed in
box.
a. Plastic
b. Metal cup
c. Tissue paper
d. Carton

BUTED AUGUST
2024
Any suspected firearm should be marked by the
investigator or police officer who recovered it,
with his initials and corresponding date, on any of
the three main and inseparable parts which are
the ________ in case of revolver
a. barrel, cylinder and frame
b. barrel slide, frame or receiver
c. barrel slide, magazine, cylinder
d. None of the above
BUTED AUGUST
2024
. Where can you find the legal definition of
firearm:
a. Section 877 of the revised administrative
code
b. R.A8264
c. R.A 10591
d. a and c

BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding the image shown above, A is known
as the________.
a. Frame
b. Cylinder
c. Barrel
d. Magazine

BUTED AUGUST
2024
The images shown above are considered as a
complete firearm.
a. True. Both A and B are considered as complete
firearm
b. False. Both of them are not considered as
complete firearm
c. Only A not B is considered as a complete firearm
d. Only B not A is considered as a complete
firearm
BUTED AUGUST
2024
Regarding bullets which are lodged in walls, furniture,
wood trims, or even trees, extremes care must be
exercised in removing this evidence. What should be
done to properly collect the bullet?

a.Attempt to dig out the evidence bullet with the knife

b.Attempt to dig out the evidence with an ice pick
c.Cut around the evidence in order not to touch it with
anything that would tend to mark it.
d.Any of the above
BUTED AUGUST
2024
A Greek word from which the word “ballistics”
was derived which means “to throw”
a. Ballien or ballo
b. Catapult
c. Ballistics
d. Ballista

BUTED AUGUST
2024
The Comprehensive Firearms and Ammunition
Regulation Act.
a. RA 10592
b. RA 10591
c. RA 10951
d. RA 10952

BUTED AUGUST
2024
The following are characteristics of gunshot exit
wound, except;
a. Bigger than the missile
b. Everted
c. Round or oval à EXIT WOUND HAS NO DEFINITE
SHAPE
d. Negative paraffin test

BUTED AUGUST
2024
The following are evidence to prove that gunshot
wound is not suicidal, except;

a. Usually only one gunshot wound is present

b. Wound is located at any part of the body
c. Defense wound/s may be present
d. Wounding weapon usually not found at the crime
scene.

BUTED AUGUST
2024
The following are requirements for a positive
identification of a bullet or cartridge case, except;
a. Prominent
b. Consistent
c. Significant
d. Infallible

BUTED AUGUST
2024
The following are advantages of an automatic
pistol, except;
a. Has better grip
b. Easier to load
c. Gives greater number of shots
d. A misfire does not put the firearm out of action

BUTED AUGUST
2024
BUTED AUGUST
2024
This type of firearm according to firearm
action(mechanism) is considered as _________
a. Lever type
b. Bolt action type
c. Slide action type
d. Break action type

BUTED AUGUST
2024
What is that metallic or non-metallic cylindrical
ball propel from a firearm?
1. bullet 2. slug 3. ammo 4. projectile 5. ball

A. 1, 2, 3 and 5
B. 2, 3, 4 and 5
C. 1, 2 and 4
D. 1, 3 and 5
BUTED AUGUST
2024